DISCOURSES ON DAVILA. No. XX. .raible «bnt, qui de Guifc .dota.t Its Clf*** Et dont on ignorait lcs vcrius ct Ics vices. A T THOUGH the insurgents were dispersed Aand their leaders executed, the Bourbon and the other grandees of t heir party, the fecre authors of the confp.racy ft.U lived, coun oil of the King, in examining into te ffi rn °" V^ h ° al the late troubles, agreed without dithcuity, tp» they were the work of the Princes of the blood : and that, to maintain the authority of the King „ilt, v the only sure means would bt SM3S& 5 &U» »i,#. rnnfoiracy, as perturbators of the public re Sfc.& orne,rf,, »»d » r«Vh.wk. SffiSine the person of their fovere.gn, had Sated the fundamental laws of the '"onarchy. Put the Princes of the blood, were too nearly on n level with the King ; they had too much inftu- Nothing but dillimulution and irresolution pre disguising under veil oi ■deep dissimulation, its real design rctoljc? 1 length to convoke the aflembly oi the States u „"at in whom refit" the whole authority ofth: Kingdom Two reasons determined them . fiiit, St o execute the important resolution of the Kinc a-ainft the Princes of his blood, it would Tje useful to have it confirmed,by the unanimous, r it lealt the apparent consent of the nation The second reason was, that by declaring that thev meant to deliberate in this aflembly on the measures necefl'ary to compose the present ti ou bles to regulate the affairs of religion, and tc adiuft the administration of the state, for the u ture the King would have a plausible pretext to summon about his pel son, all the Princes ol the blood, and all the officers of the crown, with out giving them umbrage ; and that they would le inexcusable not to come, l.nce they we.e pro ti.ifed that the deliberations ffiould be concern j a reformation of government, which they ap peared so much to desire. Kings fays Davila. rt-jer fee with pleasure, or indeed voluntarily), tn.-ft ajfembties of the. Statu General, where their /terns to beeclip/cd, by the sovereign power of the na tion whose deputies represent the whole body. Upon this paflage, the French writers cry out « It is a ft ranger who speaks, ill informed of th< fundamental constitution of our monarchy. « This Italian imagines that the y,as suspended, during the fefl.on of the SW« General. But it was the royal authority whicl called them together : without it, they could not have afiemWed : and the fame authority had < -right to dismiss them at its pleasure : it "S there fore evident that their power was always subor dinate to that of the Monarch. But this con sequence does not follow. The royal authority in England, has the power of convoking, p»o rojruing and diflolving Parliament : yet Parha mfnt is not subordinate to the royal authority, but superior to it ; as the whole is fupenor to . third part. The sovereignty is in Parliament,o the legislative power ; not in the or executive. So the sovereignty might be in States General, comprehending the King. 11 there are " twenty examples of the States Gene ral convening and separating, by the fimpje or ders of the King s " if ".the Dauphin Charle Vth, during the detention of King John hi. father, convoked several times the States Gene ral, and difmilTed them when he judged proper it will not follow from all this, that the State, ■were not apart of the sovereignty s nor will it follow that they had no authority but to adviit and remonstrate. " If the fem.ments ofth« Italian author were true," add « it would follow that the authority of Parlia tnents and courts or companies, whose power is nothing but an emanation from the royal autho rity would be suspended, during the session oi the States General ; a pretension absolutely con trary to the usages and maxims of the kingdom. But how does it appear, that the power of the Parliaments and courts or companies, were ema nations of the royal authority ? There is more probability that they were originally committee: of the States General, and in that cafe their pow er would not be suspended, unless it were ex prefsly suspended by a resolution or order o the Hates. But ifthefe tribunals were only ; part of the executive power, and constituted bj the King, it would not follow from this concel fion that the States General were no part of tli. sovereignty or legislative power. Is there on< national acft upon record, which acknowledge the King of France to be an unlimited sovereign If not, the opinion of Davila appears ti be better founded, than that of his Critick There was alwavs a rivalry between the roya authority and that of the States, as there is now between the power of the King and tliat of the National Aflembly, and as there ever was, and will be in every legislature or re eonfifts of two branches only. Ihe prop medy then would have been the fame as it must be mow to new model the legislature make it conlift 'of three equipenderant independent branches, and make the executive power one of them • in this way, and in no other, can an equi librium be formed, the only antidote .against ri valries The rivalry between the Kings and States General in France, proceeded in the rtrug-. gle for superiority, till the power of the former increafinrand that of the latter diminifliing, the States General were laid aside after 1614. and the crown on the head of Lewis XlVth, in fadt, but not of right, became absolute : in the fame man ner as the rivalry between the Popes and general councils proceeded till the latter were aifconti nued and his Holiness became infallible—in short, every man, and every body of men, is and has a rival. When the struggle is only between two, 1 whether individuals or bodies, it continues til one is swallowed up, or annihilated, and the other becomes absolute matter. As all this « a necefTary confequenceand eftedt of the emulation which nature has implanted in our bosoms, it is wonderful that mankind have so long been igno rant of the remedy, when a third party for an umpire, is one so easy and obvious. I (To be continued.) ADDRESS Of the HEBREW CONGREGATION in New port, Rhode-lfland. JtT .- e c To the PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES of AMERICA, SIR PERMIT the children of theftockof Abraham, to approach you, with the moll cordial affec tion and ellecm for your person and merit—and to join with our fellow citizens in welcoming you to Newport. , , . r With pleasure we reflect on those days—thole days of difficulty and danger, when the Godot Israel, who delivered David from the peril of the sword, fliielded your head in the day of battle ; and we rejoice to think, that the fame fpmt who retted in thebofora of the greaily beloved Daniel, enabling himtoprefide over the provinces of the Babylonish empire, rests, and eter will relt, up on you, enabling you to discharge the arduous duties of CHIEF MAGISTRATE in thele States. Deprived as we heretofore have been of the in valuable rights of free citizens, we now l> u b a deep sense of gratitude to the almighty disposer of all events) behold a government ererted by the MAJESTY OF THE PEOPLE—a govern ment, which to bigotry gives no fan<ftion—to per secution no assistance ; but generously affording to ALL liberty of conscience, and immunities of citizenship: Deeming every one of whatever na tion, tongue or language, equal part* of the great govermental machine. Thi» so and ex tensive federal union, whose base is philanthro py, mutual confidence, and public virtue, we can not but acknowledge to be the work of the great God, who ruleth in the armies of heaven,and a mong the inhabitants of the earth, doing what soever fcemeth to him good. For all the blessings of civil and religious li berty, which we enjoy under an equal and benign administration, we desire to fend up our thanks to the ancient of days, the great preserver ofmen, beseeching him that the Angel who conducted our forefathers through the wilderness into the promised land, may graciously conduct you thro all she difficulties and dangers of this mortal life —And when like Joshua, full of days and full of honors, you are gathered to your fathers, may you be admitted into the heavenly paradise, to partake of the water of life, and the tree of im - mortality. Done and Signed by order of the Hebrew Con gregation ,in Newport, (Rhode-1/land). [Signed] MOSES SEIXAS, Warden. Newport, Aitguft 17, 1790- To the HEBREW CONGREGATION, in Newport, GENTLEMEN, WHILE 1 receive with much fatisfaiflion your Address, replete with expreflions of affec tion and esteem, I rejoice in the opportunity of afluring you, that, I ihall always retain a grateful remembrance of the cordial welcome I experien ced in my visit to Newport, from all clafl'es of citizens. The reflexion on the days of difficul ty and danger which are pad, is rendered the more sweet from a consciousness that they are | succeeded by days of uncommon prosperity and security. If we have wisdom to make the best use of the advantages with which we are now favored, we cannot fail, under the just adininiftration of a good government, to become a great and a happy people. The citizens of the United States of America, have a right to applaud themselves for having liven to mankind examples of an enlarged and liberal policy : A policy worthy of imitation.— All pofl'efs a like liberty of conscience, and im- 596 Rhade Jft and, munStitt of c 4 nJzenlhlp. It is How ab more ttiaft toleration is spoken of, as if it was by the indul ecnce of one class of people, tliatanother enjoy, eel the exercise of their inherent natural rights. For happily the government of the United states, which gives to bigotry no fandhon, to perfection no alliltance, requires only that they who ive under its protection, should demean therafelyM as good citizens in giving it on all occafionj their | effectual support. e It would be inconsistent w.th the fianknefsof my character not to avow that 1 am plcafed vmlj vour favorable opinion of my adminiftrat.on, and fervent wilhes for my felicity. May thech. dre* of the stock of Abraham, who dwell in this land, continue to merit and enjoy the good w.l o, the other inhabitants—while every one shall fit ,a fafety under his own vine and figtree, and there shall be none to make him afraid. May the Father of all Mercies scatter light,ana not darkness, in our paths, and make us all in our several vocations urelful here, and in his own due time and way everlastingly happy (Signed) WASHINGTON. " treasurt department, July i 3, 1790. NOTICE is hereingiven, that Prlpofals will he received at the cfiti of the Secretary of the Treasury, to thcfir/day of OMer next,,. M!«' for thefupbly oj all rationi, which may be required for H"'f"f ,h,United States, from the firjl davaf January U tie December 1 79 \,both days fnclufve, at the places, and within the herein after mentioned, vii. . .. Many place or places, betwixt J oritown tn thejlaie of Pcnnfyha, and Fort Pitt and at Port Pitt, At anv place or pkces, betwixt Fort Pitt and Fore M Intofk, on the Rii'er Ohio, and at Fort M'lntoJh. ~,•%• At anv place or places, betwixt Fort M'lntoJh arid the mntk oj tut Rt. ver Mvjkinpum, and at the mouth oj the River Mvfiingum. At any place or places, betwixt the mouth of the River Mupngum, nni up the Jfaid River to the Tu/carowas, and at the Tu/carowas, and tlmce over to the Cayoga River, arid down the /aid River to its mouth. At anyplace or places, betwixt the mouth oj the river Mvjkmgum, and the mouth of the Scioto River, and at the mouth oj tie/aid River Scioto. At any place or places, betwixt the month 0/ Scioto River, an d the aoM of the great Miami at the mouth of the great Miami, and from Ihenct to the Raids, on the Falls of the Ohio, and at the/aid Rapid,. At anv place or places, betwixt the mouth 0/ the great Miami, up Iht fiii Miami, to and at Piquetown, and thence over to the Miami hllagi, on the river efthe fame name which empties into Lake Erie. At anv Place or places/rom the rapids 0/ the Ohio, to the mouth of tit Wakafh thence up the /aid Wabafh to Poll St. V inrt»#«, at PcJISt. hit cennr.'avd thence tip the said river Wabifh, to the Miami tillage, be ' or places, from the mouth oj tic IVaUJh river to the month At Tnv T pl* h ct"or pldees, on the call fie of the river Mifflppi.frm the mouth ef the Ohio river, to the mouth 0/ the Uinois river. At any place or places,_ from the mouth of the Miami river to the Miam ' '"AtaHy place or places, from the Miami Village to Saniujky, and « Sandujiv, and Jrom Sandufky to the mouth of Cayoga rlwr. AtJplJ or places, betwixt Fort P,U "/LZ% .. At any place or places, betwixt Venango anile be,}, M betwixt l e BeuJ and and Frefq'lJlc, at Prefj IJIc, and ietmrt Prejf Jfle and the mouth of Cayoga river. . . At the mouth of Cayoga river, and at any place or from Fort Pitt, to the mouth of Cayoga river, by the way f g At any place or places, on the eafl fide of the Miffjipp', ti "' mouth ofthe Ohio andthe river Marrot inclvjively. , ■ Y imt At anyplace or places,/rom the/aid rtver Margot, to the At anyplace or places from the mouth of the river Tenr.c/cc, toOcich'f' to or Bear creek, on the Jaid river inclvjively. iiltrills. f Should any rations be reared a, any places, or not fbeeijied in these propofnlsjhcprice of the fame tote Jo on, oftwixt the public andthe contractor. rizt The ration r to be fupplud are to conjijl of the f discing » One pound oj bread or flour, One pound of beef or J of a pound ofpoik, Jlalf a jill of rum, brandy or uihijky> One quait o[fait, J Two quarts of vinegar, ( p gr joo ration!) Two pounds ojfoap) C Tk < U,red - Secretary of the Treafur, By Order of the Honor Me Richard Morris, £/f. CJiiif State of New-York. _ _ NOTICE is hereby given to Lewis M' Donald, of an ibfent debtor, that upon .ppUcat.on and doe to the said chief iuftice by a creditor of the said L «ntKW» p*rfuant to in act of the Legiflatilre of the ai > „w. "An ast for relief against absconding and abfcnt Jigged fed the 4th April, , 786; he, the said chief juft.ee, h- all the said Lewis M'Donaldi estate, within this SMW,«" ed, and that unlef. he fti.il discharge his defeu within months after the publication of this not, "v' ?7|.„ lrto . for Ihe payment of his creditors. Dated the jd M«y, W: Nrto-Ycrk, May}, 1790. (> 7 'y- NOTICE. t . „ IC7' ALL persons having demands "£ a '!'L. Household of the PRESIDENT of are requeued to exhibit their accounts for J at his late Dwelling in Broad-Way, before oj September. & Aug«ftjV^_ notice. • .. of the Neu- THE Managers give Notice, that the D raw "}&, tan accurate VorK City Lottery, concluded this day, and o( £ble lift of the fortunate Numbers will be publilhed Managers, expedition. The Prizes will be paid by the''Pj itioni of thr on Monday the 20th instant, agreeable to the jc j tJ , TO BE LET, , . On very lorn term—and entered upon immediately, ' 'T'HAT elegant new TWO STORY BRICK HOUSE, I Bowery-Lane, formerly occupied by R°»* h f good Livincston, deceased ;«L has seven Fi outHou f e in the Cellar under the whole House—a convemCT eB . rear, with a Coich-Hdufe* a wl mqlE MINTHOW®" quire of Corporation J)*&- (a wr. t. f.J
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers