8. It is obje&ed, that the debts of George art not on mterefh 9» thing 10 the pu.polc can be interred fbdWhis objjc *ion, it is in favor of the alTumption ; for, if the debts are just,. they ought immediately to be paid, or put on i mere ft, 9. It is objected, that the debt of the United States will be fs» increased by the aflfumptiort of the State debt?, as to make dirc& taxes or exciies necelTary'to be laid by Cougrefs, which Would be odious to the people, Anfvprr, The allumption of the State debts is a part of the plan reported by the Secretary of the Treafuvy.—He does not pro pose Qireft taxes, nor excises, further than those that have already been adopted by the house—and I think some reliancc ou<»ht to be had on the opinion of the oiHcer whom goverment have pla ced at the head of the department ot finance. The whole ot the debts must be paid by the citizens of the United States ; they do now exist, and government is under obli gation to do jutlice to all the creditors. The people bave put all the fourcesot revenue in the power of Congress, for that purpose, and will doubtkf* be fatisfied with their administration of them. The resources of the nation will be abundantly fufficienr, it pru dently managed, to pay the annual interest of the debt, and gra dually to discharge the principal with n a reasonable time. The Wciicrn territoi y if properly diipofed of, will fink a confidera blc part of the national debt, it was observed that excises are the inyft cxpenfive taxes to collect, but Dr. Smith, on the wealth of nations, fay#, that in Britain the colle£lionot excises colls at the rate of but 5 per cent, but that imports coil at the rate of 10 percent, this is according to my bell recollc&ion. I have not the book now before me. 10. It is obje&cd, that the fecuritjes will probably center in large towns, or get into the hands of foreigners.—l think it is l probable that the Tec unties, will center in the hands of such citi zens in the several States, as flull chufc to live on the interest of their capital; and in the hands of corporate bodies inilituted to proipote fciencc and other ufcfuT purposes ; but the fccurities will not get out of the pofTeflion of the original owners without their consent, nor (if well funded) will they be induced to part with rhem for less than their jufl value, and it is reasonable that ihey (hould be left at liberty to dispose ot their own property. xi. It is objc£l"d, that funds arc not to be provided for the State debts this ftflion, and we do not know what may be the o pinions of our fuccefiors. Answer, The provision is proposed to be made by the present Congress at their next fcilion. 12. Objection, the house ?re divided in sentiment, and it will tje fafer to negative the proportion, than to adopt it by a small majority.—lt appears to rap that the greatefl fafety will pe on the other fide, there is no difputc about the juflice of the claims ot the creditors, the only point in dispute is, which would be the moftexpedient mode ot payment, and which would be moil agreeable to the public opinion. My reafons'for fuppofuig that u will be fafer to adopt the measure by a small majority than to negative it, is, beccaufe people arc more influenced by their feel ings, than by speculative rcafonings, or ntcccalculations. If the debts arc assumed, what inconveniences will the people feel from it? and, if they reason upon it, they will find that no injuflice will ultimately lake place, but all will be set right by a liquida tion ot the accounts. But if the (late debts are not assumed and the creditors are not provided for by the llates, or if the dates are fubje&ed to heavy direst taxesin making the provision, thtfe evils will be severely felt; and mud create uneafmefs and complaints which may prove very prejudicial to the administration ot go vernment. 13. It is said that 44 several of the legiflaturcs have lately been in fcllion and have not applied to Congreis or inllru&cd their repre sentatives to obtain an adumption of the fl.ue debts." I think their opinions cannot be inferred from their silence on the fubjeft.—ln matters that concern only the particular mlereft of a state, the Hate may properly|infti uft their representatives, wi:o in such cafe would ast only as agents for the state ; but in matters ■which concern the Union in general, such interference might be of dangerous tendency, for all the members ought to beat perfect li berty to a£i their best and unbiassed judgment, upon public mea furcs, according to the light and information that may be obtain ed by a public difcuillon of them in the house which may not be known to the Icgiflaturcs of the particular dates. I have endea vored briefly to give the reasons which have induced me to be in favor of this measure, and to obviate the objections that have been made to it, which I submit to the opinion of the committcc, without troubling them with any obfery^tions TRANSLATED FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES. FROM THE LEYDEN GAZETTE Pubhftied by Stephen Lizac. [The translations from the Leydcn Gazette which were commenc ed in this paper some weeks part, are again resumed. Although the dates are old, the Editor conliders the authenticity of that paper of such importance, as lo merit the infection of its con tents, which will serve to check European accounts that are pub liflicd in this country, received through other channels. A fuc ccflion of intelligence derived from this source, will be con stantly kept up, as regularly as the papers c< > e to hand, and the eftabhfhed veracity and reputation of the J-eyden Gazette will warrant perfett dtpendaacc to be placed on any intelligence it may contain.] LEYDEN, Feb. 19, 1790, ACCOUNTS from Hungary of the 26th of Ja nuary, inform that general meetings hi>ve been held in the several counties—thw at a meet ing of the nobility of the county of Prelburg, Count Charles Palsy d'Erdody, chancellor of the kingdom, was present. That certain resolutions were read at a second meeting palled at a former, •which were confirmed and sent by an expreft to the Emperor. That universal joy prevailed through out the kingdom, from a report that the Empe ror was about reinstating Hungary in all its anci ent privileges and usages. Of the 22 articles con taining the fubjetls of grief which the Hungari ans required to be redrefled, his Majeity content ed to 19. Excepting only 3, which are, tolerati on in religion, the care of thq national studies, and the rightof judging between the chiefs of the kingdom and the otherfubjedls. Confequent ]y the use of the German language which the Hungarians opposed so much, will no longer be necefTary in the tribunals and public a<fis, and Latin will again be resumed. The crown will be restored to the custody of the nation, and the coronation is to take place as soon as possible. What is of still greater importance, the register for taxing lands, according to the new system which the Kmperpr wiihed to introduce through out his states, is absolutely given up with refpevfl to Hungary. The foregoing accounts are confirmed by alet rer from Vienna, of the 29th of January, whicjj moreover mentions, that the •German l'rov hires are. in expectation ps being reitored to then former Conftitutioa and privileges. PROGRESS OF THE BRABANT REVOLUTION. By a letter from Brufl'els of the 14th of Febru ary, it appears thg; a mifundej Handing prevails among the leaders of the revolutionists. Ihe Duke d'Urfel, prelident of the war department, had retigned, alfigning his bad Hate of health as a real on—-A writing was handed about, setting forth other reasons for his retiring, particularly that he did nocchooi'eto serve with Baron Schon feld, a prulfian general, who had been taken in to pay by Congress, with the rank of lieu", gene ral, and to connnan.l the foreign troops in their service ; which nieafure he conceived contrary to the interest of his country, and countenanced by a Congress fublervient to the committee of Breda, of which Mr. Vat Noot was the chief agent. The Duke contm ted this writing, but in terms which (till im; lii idiii.. "action with public measures. At the ■ er> < .>n of the five compa nies of Brutiel volume he has resumed his port. To remove li'i f' ■ rust, he has been in formed of the "gi and 1 - lecret, till that time un known, of connections formed with foreign courts—these connections are not generally ap proved of, and it would appear that Mr. Van der Noot's interest is on the decline. The adherents of the revolution are divided into parties, which are differing more a;id more from each o^her —the one party coniifts of those who wtlh to support what is called the present con jlitution ; that is to fay the arrangements by which the Assembly of the three Eftateshave tak en polleflion of the sovereignty, without the con sent of the people, which constitution tends to an oligarchy of the worst kind, a clerical oligarchy. In order to support this system, the states of Bra bant resolved to administer an oath of fidelity to the corps called fermms, some of that body took it whilst the greater partiefufed, requesting that it fliould be printed, to fee whether it was con formable to the interest of the country. This refulal created great debates in the states. Duke d'Ahreniberg with his brothers, Count de laMarck and Prince Lewis d'Ahremberg, together with Duke d'Urfel, are M the head ofthe otlier party and poffels the confidence of the people, as the illustrious defenders of their rights not only again ft the efforts of the Auftrians, but likewise against the projects of those who without the consent of the nation have feifced the excluftve management of affairs. The divisions and animosities run very high. The Three Estates of Brabant have opened afub fcription for the fdpport of their troops, under the direction of the clergy, together with tlie ma gi ft rates of the different cities. The Abbi Ton gerloo, one ofthe principal members of the com mittee of Breda, has raised a regiment at his own expence, commanded by Major Van der Gracht. Both parties seem disposed to call in foreign aid to their ailiftance, the popular party looks up to France. To be continued. The following ADDRESS from the Heu rf. \v Conc reg at ion of the (try oj Savannah, was on Monday fr-fented to the PRESIDED! oj the United States, by Sir. Jackson, one ojthe RepreJenUtwcs of Georgia. J SIR, WE have been anxious of congi aiulating you on your appointment by unanimous approbation to the Presiden tial dignity of this country, and of teftifyiug out; unbounded con fidence in your integrity and unblemifhcd virtue : Yet, however exalted the llation you now fil-l, it 13 still not equal to the merit of your heroic fervicct. through an arduous and dangerous conilift which has embosomed ybu in the hearts of her citizens. Our eccentric situation added to a diffidence bounded on the molt profound refpeft has thus long picvcnted our address, yet the delay has realized anticipation, given us an opportunity of prc fenting our grateful acknowledgments for the benedictions of Heaven through the energy of Federal influence and the equity of your administration. 7 Your unexampled liberality and extenfwe philanthropy have dispelled that cloud of bigotry and superstition, which has long as a veil (haded religion—unrivctted the fetters of cnlbufiafra—-en franchilcd us with all the privileges and immunities of free cili zens, and initiated us into the grand mass of kgiflat.vc mcchan ilm. By example you have taught us to endure the ravages of war with manly fortitude, and to enjoy the blessings of peace with icverence to the Deity, and benignity and love to our Fellow' Creatures. Ma; the great author of worlds grant you all happintls— an un interrupted fer.es of heakh—addition of years to the number of your days and a commence of gusrdianlhip t~ that freedom which under the auspices of Heaven your magnanimity and wif dom have given thele States. ' To which the President was pleased to return the following answer To the Hebrew Congregation of the City of • Savannah. GENTLEMEN, T THANK you, with great finer,ity, for your congratulations 1 n mpptorn'm..,,, .!,,*,, which I have the honor to hold by the unanimous thoice of my fellow-citizens • and efoc cully lor the expressions which you are pleased to use in teftif y {,,g the confidence that is rdpnfed in me by your congregation. As the delay which has naturally intervened between mv eler tion and your address afforded 'an opportunity JappJecl " the merits of the federal government, and for communicatee vour femimems of .ts admin,llration-I have rather to express my fatisfaftion than regret .taccumftance, which dcmonftra.es (un b^„To?tTete Ura,taChmentto ,heform "' "-"asapU. I rejoice that a spirit of liberality and philanthropy is much more prevalent than u formerly was among the enlighten J .ions of the earth ; and that you, ll;'" pioportion as it (hall bccumc ft,II morc exlcnGve. Happily 494 LEVI SHEFTAL, Prcjiiat, in bthaljojthe Hebrew Congregation. people ofihe Ua'ited States of America have, in many exhibited e : les worthy of i 'nittlion. Tiic Salutary influence, of which will douDtlrfa cxu.iui much farther, if gratefully enjoy ing those bleflings of peace which (under favor ol Heaven) h a ,j bcei. obtained by fortitude >" war, iliey lhall condu£i t> —'■ ' with rcvercncc to the Deity ; and charity towards their fellowl creatures. May the fame wonder-working D 'ity, who, long since deliver, ing the Hebrews from their Egyptian oppr< ifors, planted them « the promised land—whose proviriencial agency has lately b«„ conspicuous in eftablilhiug these United States as an Independent Nation—dill continue to water them with the dews of Heaven and to make the inhabitants of every denomination paoiapuc the temporal and spiritual blelTmgs of that people, whose Goo a Jehovah. G. WASUIMGTQv^ CONGRESS. HOUSE OK REPRESEN TA i IVES. WEDNESDAY, JUNS 16. HON. JOHN SEVIER, member from the State of North Carolina, appeared, proUuctd his credentials, and took his feat in the Huufe. A ineflage was received from the Pieiident of the United States, with the ratification ofthe Constitution of the United S.ates by the State of Rhode Illand. 1 he House resolved itfelf into a committee ol the whole, on the Polt-Office bill Surnln amendments were made, and the difcufiioti ofthi whole finifhed.—The committee then rose, an< reporte-d the fame. The lloufetook the amendments into consider ation. The firft: amendment respected the particular routs to the various parts of the United States by which the mail is to be carried Several al terations were made in two tedious, on motion ofindividual members. Mr. Sedgwick after observing that it wnsim poffible for every particular member perfectly to understand the reasons on which a variety of al terations had been agreed to—He inftancedche establishment of roads, to several places, which run nearly parrallel.—Gentlemen said lie, who move for different establishments, may fully un derstand themselves in the motions they make but for his own part he confefl'ed, that he could give as good a reason for his negative, as his af firmative, on several that have been adopted He therefore moved that the two firft claiifes ihould be struck out—and offered a claitfe as a fubllitute which w 5 to authorize the Post-Master-General, with the approbation of the President of the Uni ted States, to establish the Poll Roads from Wif caflett in Maflachnfetts, to Savanna in Georgia. This motion was objected to by Mr.Hartley,Mr. Livermore, Mr. White, and Mr. Gerry. It was observed that a similar ciaufe had been rejedted by thecommittee of the whole, when the firft bill was before them.—lt was further said that it can not be supposed that the Post-Master-General knows what routs are jnoft-eligible better than many of the members—the constitutionality of the motion was doubted. Those in favor of the motion stated the difficulties which would proba bly arise upon the present plan—if a road is el tablifhed which is found on trial to be improper, it will be difficult to alter it—and at any rate it cannot be done without an atft of the legislature. In reply to the objection ofthe unconltitution ality of the motion, it was said the motion goes no farther than delegating a power 10 an execu tive officer, consonant to the office which he fuf tains,inftead of the House, attempting to exercise that power,when it does not appear that it can be exercised by them—besides, if the discretionary power is unconstitutional, there are several other parts of the bill which are unconstitutional, for the power of establishing such extra roads as to him may appear neceflary, is veiled in the Post- Master General. If the House mean to avoids great deal of unneceflary buffnefs, which will probably come before them in petitions to abolilh old roads, and establish new ones, thepropofuion appears neceflary. The motion was negatived by a great majority. The amendment of the firft and second feftions were agreed to. Several new roads werepropo fed to be added—when Mr. Boudinot observed, that he plainly perceived it would be neceflary to veil f'ome discretionary power in the Poft-Ma'i er " General, relative to this particular objert—for he veiy much apprehended that the roads already i agreed to, would render the P'oft-Office a very great burden on the United States. — These obfei vations were followed by a motion for an I adjournment—which took place. THURSDAY, JUNE 17. The ratification of the Constitution of the Uni ted States by the State of Rhode Island and Pro vidence Plantations, with the amendments an nexed, were read. The bill to authorise the purchasing of Weft- Point was read the second and third time—anc palled. Mr. Giltnan of the committee to whom was re conimittted the bill for the regulation and govern mem offeamenin the Merchants' service, report' ed that the committee had agreed to sundry 3- mendments to said bill, which helaid on the table- Mr. Vining presented the memorial of Wm- Piery, which was read, and referred to the Se cretary of the Treasury. -rr:
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