PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS P.Y JOHN FENNO, No. 4 r, BROAD-STREET, NcAR THE EXCHANGE. -WW-YOS.:: £No. xo, cf Vol. IT.] fOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES. AN ADDRESS TO THE CREDITORS OF THE US 7 IT ED STATES, YOU are entitled to great refpefl*—lf you had not been our best citizens, you would not have been our creditors, your pat- Tiotifm made you such. When you performed services or lenc your property, you nobly despised your immediate pcrfonal in terests, or rather you looked beyond them. You law that if th country was loft, you would have nothing to save. Is it in hu man nature to perform this noble effort but once ? Is it the n tira effect of felf interest to blind the eyes and to harden the h art ? o jikc a dark lantern, does it throw a ftroug light upon what is near while it involve* diftanr obje&s in a deeper thade ? Your patr otifm has been proved hv your conduct: you are called, and ver* juftlv, enlightened men ; how then can you be prevailed upon to wifli that your own debt may be funded and that of the States ri je&ed ? Their claims are as just as your Qwn. It is your intcrelt to maintain a refpeft for justice, and to impress it upon the legif laiure. Will vour own rights be-held inviolablr after tht ir fellov rights are impaired in the ruin of the State creditors ? If the State* can pay their own debts you lose nothing by throwing tliem into the common (lock. If they cannot pay them, arc you neutral fpeftators of their ruin ? Are you fafe while they fink ? When juf ticeceafes to be a rule of public conduct, the shame which re trains will be less, and the Temptation will be greater, which in cites to destroy the domestic debt. If justice would not protefl 25 millions, will policy spare millions ? If you regard humanity, the ruin of the State creditors ought to move you. They will be-involved in dittrefs. The very money that has been given to you has Idng been given to them ; it ha:> grown familiar to their touch ; they gave up thr import which was nearly equal to the pavmcnt of their interest in some of the "States; 2nd now you aic told that the other funds occupied by the State?, the last resource of their creditors, are to be d< strayed by your laws, or greatly impaired bv your imposing on the articles taxed \iy the States as much duties as they can bear. If you believe that the duties intended to be imposed by Gongrefs will be duly collefVrd, the difti ess of the State creditors is equa ly manifeft and deplorable. As to their dependingon dire# tax es <it is a mockery of their rights and of their injuries too. They will not yield muck, nor that Tittle with certnrncy, while the ci tizens, w any thing ner.r equal to the inter til of the -State debts should be .levied, would fuffcr the 1710 ft violent opprcflion and be driven from tlreir fnrms mto the wildcriiefl, while in other States they would be almost free from burdens which to be just ought to be equal. But experience has piovd, and thr woild knows that some of theStstes cannot pay their debts ; you who claim jus tice, should insist upon impartial justice. But other motives arc not wanting even if yon-put ofT the poli - tician and fay, let ns g<*t our due—-and let juftMce l<e <iee-med aic It, —let the government fall into conlufion—let the country ftiffrr disgrace and ruin—let t-be brave officer or soldier who has f«ivcd it, keep his Sra'e paper—it is the proof of hi* merfts and of the degree ;n which ws country oure cftremed thrni—let him pine and com pi tun m fee ret—do not mind the pulsations of your own (ympathy be ijiiickrmd bv the ifYeivfi tern of widows and oeggaied orphans. Thefie are subjeCts, it is true, which come home to the fieiit and wound it. Yhey maHce the bread bitter which vou < at, not only while thev want it, hut which you will eat want it—For yon ;me to be pro vided for, not only by leaving them unprov drrd, but -by tak n j away what they depend i:pin. Thefc are topic* which regard yon a* men. They Src leifons which the heart teaches iitWf. But it lelfiflinefs has etKomnMfed it wi'h circles, het OS agree to re nounce juAice, companion, and Irilen cnily to t l »e dilates of felf interest. Ought wife am 5 , prude ntccditolrs of the union to wilh the State creditors to be rxcludi«d from jxroviliou by Congress ? If tht funding system fo.mueh J cured, has been delayed, has not tflis been owing to the drb.'te upon the afTu'inption ? IT the system n fttll in danger m its paffape, i& tot this to be imputed to the division created by this qucftion ? AJo not many members think it a meafureof abfolure jufticc—that norualjuoding i* work than none at all 4 that positive injustice he flone if the reve nues now occupicd by the Sates should "be i.npaircd ? If the af 'umption was once established, the funding system would be! fpeediiy cnaficd. Nor do you lose anything in pi int of interest, | tor it is not propefed to give vou an higher interest without the atfumption than with it. Will you lu(e aa-y thin* tn point erf fecuiiry in thccxcctiticn of the system ? the foci of the alTump f ion allow that it will llrengthcn government ; can you doubt thjt , it will the collection of the duties more popular ? The St. t crcditors will rot iu that cafe futfer by your meant—they have the '.'me interest with you, they will watch the revenues, nor will the people approve of frauds which will wrong not only the pub ic but their own friends and neighbors. It will diftufe common niter efts and willies into everv corner ; you will have the whof • nnc.s under one energetic uniform system, and all inaereih ccm nncd tt» itipport it. If you canuot procure money en> u»h in this way, \ou would get lefe by the other. Your public officers in form von that the funds will be fuffi event—nor ctin it be doubted, at .cast one system would not injure the other. You will no 'hercfore lose by affirming the State debts. See the oilier fide of Ilie piece, and judge whether you will be if they fhonld not be assumed. If the ftntc creditors mult fall at last, they will make a v.go.ous •I.on ftrfi—they will expert that pro* i lion will he mule by then "f.es. It it Ihould tiot be made, will thev make the collertiou ■it vo.rr revenue popplar ? Will arts obnoxious by their nature, i nc. not trlvto enforce because of the extent to which it is necef my topulh them, furnifh a refourec to you, thatwill be Cafe and produrtivc? and do you expert this to happen in prooo.tion a. the cUmors of the injured creditors lhall swell the note of popu lar difcoment? Rut fuppote the state leg.flatures should, from a of l"'' 1 "", <'r for any other reasons, . evife their revenue atls, •od carry them at far as inay lie neceflary to do that justice to their r reMiors which'hey are no less entitled to than youtfelves, how iifteft the provision which CongrtTs may make for your •f in - Which will give way, the state laws, or those ol the United >uies ' Die ol j> rt of the former will be as laudable, and better vwnanted Uv iieceifity limn the latter. For no option is left to the impost is taken away. With the confidence of the people, with Ihe powcrlul aid ol their creditors, who greatly cx leed you in numbers and influence, will the state legillatures, be obliged to recede and annul their laws ; or will they be unable to roUtt their duties? Will the creditors on the 1 pot watch for >ou, and exert ilienifclves to swell your revenue to the deUrurti cn of that of the state, on which they depend ? Or if boil, cam,.. col »eatd, will they uot rather with vour'i to fail, and bytl a means to t ufure their own? If the dulled articles will no: bear h du:: «. ha s tr.oft cause to fear a failure ? You or thev ? SATURDAY, MAY iy, 1790, If the article will bear both duties, why oppose the assumption'? for it is plain that if a duty imposed by a (late is productive, more money would be obtained by extruding it over the union. If you will regard coufider.uions, equally weighty, tho a littje moie remote, will you think a provihon permanent and late which divides the government againll itfelf, which ferments while ! it is forming, vi:h the principle of deftruttion ? 'If a public dcot i is a principle ot union, here is a debt which divides—withrmt a j -bt, who caai fay that we fnould have hada government i What ; was uleful to form is indifpenfiblv necejfary to prelerve it. It ' Aould be fafe to trull your felf interest to mpke its owji terms, »f' y hi would ast as the permanent good of your whole number if. j aires. But immediate interest is often preferred to'that which ill last long, and indjvicuals may not only find indemnity, but derr-e advantage from measures wb ■ch will ruin the body to which they belong. Funding the debt on the moil unMelunds, i. may railc the price ot r, and "keep it up until expenence lias fhewu that they are not to bt truflrd. Mmy of your number, who only wi!h to fell out, will have ail opportunity. Butfure-! I . you, who mean to continue cieditors, ought not to be dup. d by the artifices oft'nofe who prefer any prefeut pioviftun, how ever unfound,io a solid arrangement which willeplure the govern ment and be ensured by it. Are you willing to bring the Hate and national government's direfily to the conflitt ? Arp you wii -1 |ig to throw thrft system into confufion on which you place all ' your hoVes? Are you content in mere wantonneCs to raise up e nemies whose repniiches you cannot bear, whose etf irts you can not relist ? Is it nothing to you that the government willie made ' weak ? For what do you incur this rilk.? Not for an inereafe of intrrcli—not for better fecuriiy. Is there a prudent man among you, who comparing the fund ing fyltem without the alfumpiiou, with tiie conduct of other na tions, and judging ol the intercils and pafli<ms rtf the ilate credi tors, and legislatures, as he will i{ he knows any thin» of humm nature, will fay, «ravely,anil upon r.<:i)c£tion, tiie revenue willhe more fafe and prodn&ive, without alfuinption than with it ? J Will he fay that the it lies may proceed with their duties, and even exten d them to a full pro ifion tor their debts, and vec the revc-; nue ol the union will not proverlcficient ? If he w:!l faythat there ■•vill not be a deficiency of one-third,you ought to prize him as a prnflliet. He will fjive encouragement and keep hop: alive loirg enough to feil out—but beware of being hindmoll. Judge then whether the inteieft of your own paper does not re quire the aflfucption ; you cannot he fate without i'. Patronize jtiftiee and prattilo magnanimity H'hich will-cost you nothing, Uutdo you hou:)r, by inlitling (but the pronSxi fhfll cortijii't-' he»d the kmdied claims of ihe flute or dltofi. They are not y > ir rivals ; they are unfrieciily lo I,oth, who would divide .you. 1 your whole inHurrce is dirofled lo thit object, you will ren tier (ervice to yout country, at the time time that you will belli promote yuur own imrrelt. Renumber that as the adoption of the.new rorvftiiittiun raifrtl your hopes, the undmng it in praftite nisy hlal) them. Dtf.i.im tin- liiiwoulijf *nd riiflt'tiifft fchetrc of invading the funat of state' cr •riitors, to (mm your own. Likr honcil men, take your fol-i liwshvthe luwd, unite your exertions in the common caule a' cau(r worthy of y >ur virtu.' and of your coMltry. lufuccefj will icward ihe aiir., aiid fevt-theo'tlier. * j QISCCMJ/tSES ON D AVI LA. No. IV. concluded fiom our last. C'eft la le proprc de I'clprit humain.que lcsexemples necorrigent ; pcrfonnr; lesfottifej, cVc* pcics font peidues pour leurs cufaiis; il faut Life les ficnncs. | ' I 'HERE is in human nature, it is trne, Cmple ! J- Bcnevo'lcnce—or an aifrrtlou for the good ' ofothers—but alone it is not übalance forthel'eJ- 1 fifh affedtions. Nature then has kindly added to benevolence, the defireof reputation, in order to make us good members of society. Speeiemur agendo expre'les the great principle of activity for the good of others. Nature has famftioned the law of felf-prefervation by rewards and pun i foments. The rewards of felfifh adtivity are life and health—the punishments of negligence j and indolence arc want, disease and death! Eath individual it is true ihauld consider, that nature has enjoined the fame law on his neighbor, and : therefore a refpetft for the aiuhori.i y of nature would oblige him to lefpedt the rights of others ; as much as his own. But rcafoning as abstruse, I tho as flmple as this, would not occur to all men. I The fame nature therefore has impofod another law, that of promoting the good, as well as ref petting the rights of mankind, and hasfanclion ed it by other rewards and punishments. The re wards in this cafe, in this life, are etteem and ad miration of others—the ipiinifoments are neglect and contempt—nor may any one imagine that these are not as real as the others. The delire of the eftceni of others is as real a want of nature as hunger—and the negledt and contempt of the world as severe a pain, ns the gout or (tone. Jt foonerand ofrener produces delpair and a detes tation of exiilence—of equal importance to indi viduals, to families, and to nations—it is a prin cipal end of government to regulate this pafli»n, which in its turn becomesa principal means of go vernment. It is the only adequate instrument of order and fuhordinarion in society, and alone commands effectual obedience to laws, since with out it neither human reason nor ftandingarmies, would ever produce tliatgreat effedt. Every per sonal quality, and every blefling of fortune, is cherifoed in proportion to its capacity of gratify ing this universal affection for the efleem, the sympathy, admiration and congratulations of the public. Beauty in the face, elegance of figure, grace of attitude and motion, richcs, honors, every thing, is weighed in thisfcale, and desired 453 not so much for the pleasure they nfto'd, as th' c attention they command. As this is a point of giirnpoi tance, it may be pardpuaule to expa tiate a little, upon theie particulars A Jiy are the pei fonal accomplillim en ts of beau ty, elegan e and .grace, i'ucJi higuclUma tio:i by mankind > !s it merely for the pieafb-re which is received from the fight of thefeatti ib-utes? Ijy no means ; Ihe talle tor delicacies is not universal—in those who feel the molt lively sense of them, it is but a flight sensation, and of Ihori continuance ; those attradiohs'command tlie noiice and attention of the public— t hey dr-nv the eyes of fpcdlators -this is the charm that makes them in evitable, is it for such fading perfections that an huiband or a wife is choferi i Alas, it is well known, that a very lhort familiar ity, totally deltroys alUenfe and attention to such properties ; and on the contrary, n very little time and habit destroys all the averiion to wtrlj. ness ami deformity, wUen unattended with dif cal'e or ill-temper : Yet beauty and addrels are courted and admired, very often, more than dis cretion, wit, ienfe, and many other accompli/h ---i.ients and virtues, oi infinitely inone importance to the h tppinefs cf private life, as well as to the utility and ornament of focietv. j s j t f ar momentous pnrpofc of daijciag and drawing painting and malic, riding or fencing, that mell and women are deltined in this life or anv other ' Yet those who have the belt means of education be-tow more attention and expense on thofe,than on more fori id acquisitions. Why ! Becaufethey attratft taore forcibly the attention of the world and procure a better advancement in life. Not withltanding al. this, as soon as an eltabliflnnent in life is made, they are found to ha-ve atjftvered theii cud, andareJaid ahdeneoJecfted. Is there any thing in birth, however illuftriotis or fplepdid, which should make a difference be tween one man and another i If, f rom a com mon ancestor, the whole human race is defceneled they are all of the fame family. How then t ail they dillinguiihfamilies into tlie more or the lei; ' ancient > What advantageis there in an illtiftra turn of an hundred or a thoiifand years ? Of wlrac a>ail are all tlig biftories, pedigrees,.traditions ? \\ liac foundation lias the w-hole science of cenea logy and heraldry ? Are theredifferences hi Hre breeds ofmeu, as theie are in those of horses ?— 11 there are not, those fliences have no founda tion in reafoii—in -prejudice ther have a verv fc lid one : All that philosophy can'lay is, that there is a general prefumption,that a man-has had some advantages of education if he is of a family of note. But this advantage mull be derived from his father and mother chiefly, j.f not wholly-of what importance is it then, in this view, whether the family is twenty generations upon record or only two ? ' The mighty secret lies in this—an illtrftrimis UCiccnt attracts the noticc of mankind. A single drop of royal blood, however illegitimately Rati, tercd, will make any man or women proud or vain Why ? Because, altho it excites the indignation* of many, and the envy of more, it ltill attracts the attention ofthe world. Noble blood, whether the nobilty be hereditary or eleiitive, and indeed more in republican governments than inmonar. chies, leait of all in clefpoti fins, is held in eUinta tion for the fame reason. It is a name and a lace that a nation has been interested in, and is in the habit of refpecfling. Benevolence, sympathy congratulation, have been so long aflbciated lo those names in the minds ofthe people, thatthev are become national habits. National gratitude descends from the father to the ion, and is often ltionger to the latter than the former: It is often excited by remorse, upon reflection on the ingra titude and injustice with which the former has been treated. When the names of a certain fam ily are read in all thegazettes,chronicles, records, and hi.lories ofa country for five hundred years they become known, refpedied, and delighted in by every body. A youth, a child of this extrac tion, and hearing this name, arrraCis the eyes and ears of all companies long before it is known or enqnired, whether he be a wife man, or a fool, his name is often a greater diftindtion, than a title, a kar, or a garter. This it is which makes ." ,en P rol 'd, and so many others envious of llludrious descent. The pride is as irrational and contemptible as the pride of riches, and no , A Wl '* e n >an will lament that any other diltmdhon than that of merit should be made.— A good wan, will neither be proud nor vain of his birth ; but will earnestly improve every advan tage he lias for the public good. A cunning man * conceal his pride; but will indulge [V. r HOT.E Xi. H4.]
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers