! DISCOURSES ON DAVILA. Fcciix qu'em faciunt aliens pericu'.a cauturr. TUT. French nation, known in antiquity under the appcilMio of the Franks, were originally from the heart of Germany In the declension of the Roman hmpire, they inhabited a countr in the North, along the river Rhine, lituated between Bavari and' Saxony, which still prcferves the name of Franconin. Havin; cxceffivelv multiplied, as it happens in cold climates, their coun try was tonnd, n it fulnc iently - xtenfive to contain them, nor ler tile enough to nourish them. Excited hy the example of thci neighbours, they resolved by a common voice, to divide them Jelves into two nations ; one of which thould continue to inbabi their ancient country; and the other endeivor to procure clfe "where by the force ot arms, an establishment more vad, mor< commodious and more fertile. 1 his enterprise was resolved, am this division made by unanimous content. Such as were deftinet hy lot, to essay their fortune, although trained to war, and inca pable of teiror at the appreheßfion of the danger# of such an en terpnf^; thought however, that thev ought not to abandon :t t. anarchy or hazard, but to conduct it with prudence and order To concert the measures necelfary for the execution of their pro jest, they atTcmbled in the plains, in the neighbourhood ot th. river Sala. Accufionned for many ages, to live in the obedienc. of a prince ; and thinking the monarchical (late the most convc nierit to a people who afpirc to augment their power, and extent their conqueds, they relolved to .hoofra king, who lhould uniti in his single pcrfon, all the authority ij the nation. Here perhap Davila is incautious and inaccurate; lor the Fianks, as well a. Saxons and other German nations, though their government were monarchical, had then Grandees and people, who met anc deliberated in National Aflemblies, whose results were often t< fay the lead, confidercd as laws. Their great misfortune was that, while it never was fufliciently afccrtained, whether the so vereignly refidcd in the kine or in the national ajjembly, it wa equally uncertain, whether the king had a hegwive on the adem bly; whether the Grandees had a negative on the king or thi people; and whether tl)r people had a negative on both, oreither This uncertainty will appear hereafter in Davila Inmfelf, to marl itscourfe in bloody chai afters; and the whole hidory ofFtance wil shew, that from the fird migiation of the Franks trom German) to this hour, it has never brrii fufficientlv explained and decided To this supreme degree of power in the king a» Djvila pto ccedsUhey added, that the crown should be hereditary in the la mily 'clefted ; forcfeeing, that if tt were eU3tve, it would be fourceof civil wars, which would prove dettruftive to all thci enterprifa. Mankind, in new eftablifhmems generally ast witl iiiicerity. and with a tingle view to the public good. They litter neither to the ambition nor the intcrctt of private persons; An. Pharamond was eleftcd king, by unanimous content. He was ; son of Marcomir, ilTue of the blood which ha 1 governed the na lion for many ages : And, to an experienced valor, united a pio found wiMom, in the art of government; it was agreed that th. fame title and equal power, lhould descend to his legitimate pof tcriiy of the male line, in default of which the nation should re turn to their right of elrfting a new fovcreign. But as unlimitec authority may easily degenerate into tyranny, the Franks, ai th, time of the elcftion of their king, demanded the eftabbdimc.it o certain perpetual and irrevocable laws, which should regulate tin order of fucceOion to the throne and prftcribe in a few words the form of government. These laws proposed bv thc.rpr.clU whom they named A'a/wi; and inttituted in the fields which tak. their name from the river Salt,were originally called SaUque lau, and have been considered, from the edablithmem of the monar chy, as the piimitive icgulations and fundamental corllitulion of the kingdom. ... j rr Leaving their country to the old Prince Marcom.r. and palCnj the Rhine, under the command ot Pnaramond, the I ranks march ed to the conquctt of the Gauls, about the four hund.ed and nine tcentli year of the christian Ara. The Roman legions united w ltl the Gaulish troops refilled Pharamond, till his death. Ibeiccp ter was left to his son Clodion, an intrepid prince, lathcflowc Of his age, who in fe, cral battles defeated .he ..a.i.mso!! : coun trv, diflipatcd the Roman armies, and ellab.tlhed lumf 11 in Ik. Kick Gaul. Merovius, who fuccecded h.m, made * rapid pre rrefs ; penetrated into Celtic Gaul and extended his empire t. the gates or Par,,; judging that he had conquered co ntry eoongl ,o contain his/übjecls, and form a date of reatonable extern, h, limited the coin fe of his exploits, and turned .ill his C«res i. peace, after having united under the fame laws, and the lam. name; the conquerors aud .he vanqu.lhed, whom he govern, c peaceably; he died leaving the Franks solidly eftablithcd m Gau, Such is the origin ot the French monarchy and such are hci fundamentallaws. r , By the dispositions of the fame laws, the work of the nation, at regulated,the rights and prerogatives of the Princes of the Blood As each of th.m, in detank of d,reft heirs, may, according t his rank, be called to the crown, the,, imeretts are neceffaril; connected with those of the date. The people regard these privi Ices, as inviolable: Neither length of time, nor dittance ofd. cree has ever done them any injury. All these princes prefers she rank which n.tuie has allotted thAn.lo succeed to the throne They have indeed, in the course of time, taken difitre.it nanus Inch « those of Vuhi>, «>r Pourbon, of Orleans of Argoulme o Vendome, of Alenc«n, of Monttenfyr-, bin .hey have not by he means loft the rights attached to the royal consanguinity, that < fpeeially of fuceeeding lo the uown; these diffcient bunches have from time to time affetted the pre-eminences due to the. Mood; .0 intered them the more forcibly, in the Preferva lion of a crown to which, hi succession, they be called it has been commonly made a rule, in cafe ot the minority, o absence of the lawful thing, to choose for the tutors or regent.o the kiivdom, the princes who were neared related ; it would no naiedle natural to cntrufl the administration to the hands o drangers. who might destroy, or atfc.il d.fmember to beant fu a date • Whcr as p.in-es born of the fame blood, oiight, tor tha reason, to watch over the eortfen-ation of an inheritance whtel belongs to them, in li.me fort. This right is not (imply toundc. upon usage : Ihe Jlates generaloi the Kingdom in whom res.de "he entire powe, of the whole lotion whom they represent hav freouenily confirmed it."-Here aga.n we meet with another in Vccuracv. if not a contradiction in Davxta ; or rather with ano.be proof'ot that confufion et law, and that uncertainty of the fove reicnty. whirl, for ,500 years has been to France, the fatal fourc of so rrianv <alamiii. s : Here .lie sovereign.v, or whole power c Vhe nation, is afTerte.l to be in thcjlate,general-, whereas only thre pages before, he had afTer.ed that the whole authority of the nati on was united in the Kmg. ,1.1 > The fe two prerogatives, of succeeding to the throne when a kine die*- « itli"»t in.ifeulirie pod.-rity, ami of governing the king dom dm ing the absence 01 m.nority of the legitimate fov.reig* have at all times procured to .he princes of the blood, a great authority among the people, and the bed part in ,!„■ gover " Thev have applied the.nf.lves accordingly remarkable to the admin.ftration of ar,l mp.ie, wh. h" regauled with j-ittce as iheir pa.r.mony : And the pcopl, ~g.hat hav-them one day for theirfirtt Mag, 3 a ... I ,ive always shewn them the more refpeft, as they hav rootc't'hon or. :e know,, theyonnger branches toafcend .he Throne , : ,:, r ( Idcr. Thus the Crown has pa (Ted from th. Merovingians to the Carlovingians and finally .0 the Capeuans but always from male to mac, iiu j"j° h°K „° K ° j."u, s the eleventh"'vihoin Ili' innocence of his life and the integrity of his cltvenu , J. n „ m ber ps the Saints. He left two r nann rVil o" ■ 'hud fnrnanicd .he Hardy ; and Robe,., F.arl of >, ns , l'h 'IP eon.inii d the elder branch, which reigned (. lermont. a , cc ! years, and took the surname of Valois. more tn«R 1 From Robcjt is defecnded the younger branch. Or the lioufe of Bourbon, so railed, from the province, ni which it poffeffediK fettle ment. This house, refpettahie not only by birth, which pla ced it near the throw, but ajlo by the extentot its' aidl . ch ev bv the valour and number ol its Princes, almollall diltingu fh edby their merit and a f.ngular affability : arrived soon at an hth degree ot power. Th,s elevation, joined to the bvour of the Wxri'ed aira.nltthe Bourbons, the jealousy and envy of the crcd.t a„d ditl.nguVd tpl.odor d.fp.ea fed and alarmed Everyday brought I relK occaltons oi hatred suspicion and dillruft, which fevera, times broke out in arms; Thus in the war Jar the fmUic good, John Duke ot Bourbon declar ed himfclf againkt Louis the ekvtnth ; and Louis the tyjelfth be fore his acceLn to the throne, was at war with Peter of Bourbon The iealouf.es which these Princes inlmred into Kings, exposed them fometimfs to lecet vexations and lometimes todecbred entities. We mav add to this refkdion of Davi L.vthat uut ""eamly probable, that these Princes by frequently betraying lymptomsot ambition, afpir.ngatthe throne,might give to Kings, iuft grounds of jealousy and alarm. Before we proceed in our discourses on Davi i.a, it will affill us in comprehending his narration, as w.ll as in making many ' uftlul relleftions u. morals and policy to turn our thoughts for a '< few moments to the contention of the human mind. This we ; lhall endeavour to do in our next essay. PHILADELPHfA, 22 April. Tlie following was the order of I'roceffion vel terday at the funeral of our late learned and il lustrious citizen, Dr. FRANKLIN. ■■11l the Clervy of the city, before the corple. THE COIIPSE, Carried by Citizens. The Pall supported by The President of the Stare, the Chief Justice— the President of the Bank, Samuel Powell, William Bingham, and David Rittenlioufe, Efquircs, Mourners, Confilting of die family of the deceased—with a number of particular friends, The Secretary and Members ot the Supreme Executive Council. TheSpeakerandMembers of theGeneralAflembly. Judges of the Supreme Court, And other Officers of Government. The Gentlemen of the Bai. The Mayor and Corporation of the city of Philadelphia. The Printers of the city, with their Journeymen and Apprentices. The Philolophical Society. The College oi Physicians. The Cincinnati. The College of Philadelphia. Sundry other Societies—together with a numer ous and refpecftable body of Citizens. The concourse of fpetlators was greater than ever was known on a like occasion. It is confu ted that not less than 20,000 persons attended and wirnefled the funeral. The order and silence which prevailed, daring the Proceflion, deeply evinced the heartfelt J'enf'e, entertained by all clafles of citizens, of the unparralleled virtues, I talents, and services of the deceased. This day the Supreme Executive Council of Fennfylvania, agreed to wear mourning for one month, in memory of their great and good fellow ciiizen, Dr. Fry nki. in . LONDON, February 1 r King of Sweden in all his preparations X for another campaign, has recourse to this country for money and science ! An eminent merchant is now authorised by him to negociate a loan of half a million, at fix per cent, and to engage furgcons for the army, at the rate of 61. per niontli, with an allowanceof2l. 10s. for sub. liltence : the interest and the salary are fuflicient to invite man) adventurers. Madame Mafl'on, the celebrated Tennis-player, lately arrived from Paris, has had audience of his royal highness the Duke of York.—ThisGal .lunt heroine of the Raquet, it seems, challenges to plav with any person in Europe for one thousand guineas.—The royal Duke is to have the honor of firft entering the lilts with her, flie plays in her fe male attire a la Crecque, with a short petticoat and drawers. So warm a party spirit is excited at Manchester, by the application of the diflenters for a repeal of the tdt a»ft, that upwards of three-hnndred gen tlemen have formed theijifelves into a club for the f'lpport of the church : they wear an uniform of lilac,'with fear let collars ; the collegiate clmrcli on tile button,with the motto, " Pro Arts et Focis." The French afletnbly have fettled pensions up on such of the Monks as chool* to leave the ino- nafteries The English government not in the least con cerning itlelf with the education of youth, seems to be a capital defeiTt. Any perfou, however, meanly qualified, is at liberty to open a school, a liberty which does often a great deal of milchief. The lower clafles of people are much negledicdin their education,and much more foin England than in Scotland. In the latter, literature is encourag ed almost to a fault, there scarce being a cow keeper or falinon-catcher, in that country, who does not understand Latin, a little Greek, elo cution, ancient my-thology, &c. were government to lay heavy fines upon all unqualified teachers, both learning and its profeH'ors would foonbere fpetftable. Our national superiority with refpedt to sciences was much more conspicuous in the be ginning of the present century than at this pe riod. with 436 PROPOSAtS, JOHN T R U MBU L L, For pnbliftritrg bt dSttcriptwn, TWO PRINT S, From ORIGINAL. PICTURES painted by himlelf ; REs * ESENT 1 NO The DEATH of General WARREN, At the Bailie ol' Bunkrr's-HiN'; and The DEATH of General MONTGOMERY , Irt the Attack of Outbcr, IJ| the Battle of Bunker's Hill, the following Portraits arc nvrs -1 duccd, Am{.*ica.n. , B --'TJvr' r Major General Wirrhr, General birWi' "»' • Putnam, Sfr Henry Ofittib, Lieut* Cot. Jfo/i'n •Smfil't Major Pitcairr, And Lieut. Pticdir/r. In the Attack of Quebec, arc feci!, . Central Montgomery, Major Mufhcr^n, Colonel Thomson, Captain thee J man. CONDITIONS of SUBSCRIPTION THE Prints wtUbr engraved by two of the mojl eninmt <'!'•''/< < » Europe. Thejiu will be 30 inches by 20. The price tefubfcribers, three guinea? for each tnnt, one half to be paid at the time the remainder on the deliver, oj the Prints, fich W/ be,ufi*.istht work (whichis steady (orfierakti advanced) car, pofrbly U Svbfcriptiom are r tee toed in America, nli by Mr. Trum<>« ■ [trillion receipt* tpijl bejigned by him, as well as by \lr.lo?guoj Lon donunder iLlioJe dnefipn the prints are engraving, and wilt Oe put- I J fad. ' These Prints are the firj of a Jeries, in which it is proposed to rtfrc- Cent the moll important events *J the American revolution. No period ol tin liijlory oj man is more ititerefhnJ than that in which me have hied. Ihe memory of scenes in which were laid theJounda. Hons of that free government, which secures our national and inamaual • haptinefs, null nmain ever dear to us, and topojlenty ; and if national Pride hin any cafe jujlifiable, Americans have'a right U glory m having given to the world an example, whose influence is rapidh fpreadmg the ove of freedom through other nations, and every'where ameliorating the , Icohdition of men. . n ■ i l i To a (Jilt in preserving the memory of the illujlrious event? zenten htf ve may kea this period »J our country's glory, as well as oj the men who have j been the inojt important adors in them, is the objett o) this undertaking. Historians will do jufiice to an ara Jo important.; but to be read, the lan guage in which thev write, muff he underjlood —the language of Painting is univerfal,Mnd intelligible in all nations, and every age. As feverlll years of his time, and d very con filer able expence, are neces sary to acctmj.lt/ll this undertaking, it wouldbean imprudent J acnpee to the mere hope of reputation, to go more deeply into it, without a probah l,t yof ultimate faccefs. That he may judge of the degree oj this fro,** x hility, Mr. Trumbull, h the advice of uiJfriends, proposes thisjuhjcrip tion, and flatters tun felf ul th a hope iif meeting that patronage from lur countnm.,,, I, Mjuflfy his furfuing the objeS with ardor, and without which it is impoffllfelhdt Jo expenpre* zcorkfhould be continued. Thefubjecls probofed to he represented, in addition to the two jorego inn, of Punhcr's-liilland Quebec,arc * The DECLARATION o/TNpIJPENDENCE, * BATTLE at TRENTON, * IJATTI.K if PRINCETON, SURRENDER of General BURGOYNE, TREATY with FRANCE, BATTLE nj EUTAW SPRINGS, * SURRENDER cj YORK-TOWN, TREATY »/ PEACE, EVACUATION 0/ NEW-YORK. RESIGNATION 0/ General WASHINGTON, The ARCH at TRENTONt INAUGURATION of the PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES. Each piaur? will contain Portraits of thepriTicift.il charaQrrs, wo /i in reprrjmttd. 7 hose narheiwiOi Slarst far hi; ' adyantei—and the Prints from the whole will be exectf fame fit, and by thrmofl cminnt engravers. A'ew-Ycrk. April 7, 1 790; ADVERTISEMENT. NOTICE is hereby given to all the creditors of Phiur Denmak, now confined in the common gaol of Newark, in the county of Essex, That the Honorable Court of Common Pleas, in and for laid county, have appointed Tuefaay t.ie 25th day of May next, for the creditors of said Philip Denman, to meet at the Court house in Newark, at time o'clock of ihedav aforefaid, and shew cause to the judge of the fa.d Court if any they have, why an afligujneut of the said infolvcnt debtors cftate ihould not be made, fiid he discharged according to ths a£l of the Lcgifto turc of New-jerfev in such cafe made and provided. PHILIP D£XMAN T . Afrit 14, 1790. To SOLD, For CERTIFICATES, Or exchanged for LAND, r I nVENTY-Two acres of ground in tne City of New-York, X fronting Great George-Street, BowryLane, and Qreenwich- Lane. On the premises is a btick d welling'houfe containing rooms; a smaller biick house with lour rooms; a house with a brick front with two rooms: In each house is a Kitchen, and un der the whole four cellars; a never failing spring is near 011 cOl the kitchens; a frame stable and a coach-houfc with ftablfJ. From the dwelling house hoth the North and the Eafl rivers arc plain to the view. Additional improvements have been made this Spring, th*r ground has been laid out for pleasure as wt«l » ior utility ; it vis provided with variety of orchard and other fruit; part of the land ha& also been sown with .timothy and clover. To be told for certificates of the national debt, which will be re ceived at the nominal valu<*, Dollars at Bs. Or for good upland, cvtn il covered with wood, provided it is filuated on the follow ing! ivcrs, or on crceks as far as navigable,comwuhicating; with the fame, viz. At the Potowmac above Alexandria,at James K' vCl a " hove Richmond, in South-Carolina, about one hundred milcsfrom the sea fhoie, on Santee Edifto or Ponpon river, or on Savanna \ | river. It not fold a-t private sale befor® the 15th of May, I then on the above terms he dilpeded of by Public Vtndtft at t c \ merchants Coffee-Houfe.—For further particulars enquire of N r - Poii.lnitz on the premises. New-York April 10, i 79 0, _ CASH, and a generous price given for Conti nental, New-Hamp(hire, Maffacbufeus, and Rhodc-Iflana fetunties, of every by EBENEZER jun. No. 59, Water-Street- Ncw-Yotk, April 17, 1790. j. William Taylor, Has Tor S«lc, at his lAST-INDIA GOODS STORE, No. 4, Bur ling-Slip, 1 Aflortinent of EAST-INDIA GOODs. which are the following Articles : BOOK Myflins 8-4 6-4 5-4 fl HUMHUMS, Jackonet do. j| Long Cloths, HankcrchiefsjoP various kinds,|| Caffas, Chintzes, || Seersuckers, Ginghams, || 80-jjlapores. A Variety of lvandfome painted MUSLINS. With many other Articles, which will be fold by the Piece or Package, low for cash. ) ;? it < fjM , Tt . jr>
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