well founded hope, that having afl'erted tlieir in
dependence by your Ikill in war, your wisdom and
firmiiefs in peace will avert the dangers of civil
discord, andeftablifh their union on so firm a ba
ils that it will endure to the lateftages.
We refledl on these things with gratitude, and
that for you the Angular happiness was reserved
X>f being twice the saviour of jour country.
May that kind Providence, whose protection
you have frequently experienced in the midst of
many and great dangers, direct your measures,
and long preserve a life, in the preservation of
which such numbers feel themselves so deeply
interested. 3
JOHN SMITH, President of the Senate.
GEORGE DENT, Speaker of'the House ofDelegates
THE ANSWER.
To the General djfembly of Maryland.
Gentlemen,
I RECEIVE, with the liveliest emotions of fatif
fa(tion,your exprellious of gratitude for my hav
ing accepted the office of Prefidcnt of the Uni
ted States,and your congratulations on that event.
From the enlightened policy of the legislature
of the union, in conjunction with the patrio
tic measures of the Hate ailemblies, I anticipate
the bleflings in reserve for these United States ;
and so far as my administration may be condu
cive to their attainment, I dare pledge myfelf
to co-operate with those diftinguiflied bodies, by
constantly refpecfting and cherishing the rights
of my fellow citizens.
Your mention of the place from whence you
address me, awakens a iucceffion of uncommon
reflexions.—ln noticing the eventful period,
since the resignation of my military command,
I trace, with infinite gratitude, the agency of a
Providence, which induced the people of Ameri
ca to substitute in place of an inadequate confede
racy, a general government, eminently calcula
ted tofecure the fafety and.welfare of their coun
try.
The good dispositions of this people, and their
increasing attachment to a government of their
own iuftitution, with the aid ofwifdomand firm
nefs in their common councils, afford a well found
ed hope, that the danger of civil discord may be
averted, and the union eftabli/hed on so solid a
basis that it may endure to the latest ages.
When I refled: on the critical situation to which
this country has been more than once reduced, I
feel a kind of exultation in the character of my
countrymen, who have rescued it from the threat
ened ruin by their virtue, fortitude, intelligence
and unanimity.
thank you for the favourable sentiments
which you are pleased to express of my public
condudt, and for the affectionate interest which
you have the goodness to take in the success of
my nieafures, and theprefervation of my health.
1 pray for the divine Benedictions on you, gen
tlemen, and on your State.
Address of the Town of Alexandria, to the honora
ble Thomas Jefferfon, Esquire.
Alexandria, nth March, 1790.
Si r,
YOU have returned to your native country.
Permit us, the inhabitants of Alexandria, to
join with the reft of our fellow-citizens in the
warmest congratulations to you on that happy
event. As a commercial town, we feel ourselves
particularly indebted to you for theindulgencies
which your enlightened representations to the
Court of France have secured to our trade. You
have freed commerce from its fliackles and def-,
troyed the firll ellay made in this ,country to
wards eftablifhing T a monopoly. But we allure you
that these events, though more recent, are not
more deeply imprefled on our minds, than the
whole tenor ot your condmft, when we were
struggling in the sacred Cause of Freedom. A
sense of the benefits we have already derived from
your talents and virtue, in the various offices
you have filled, induces us to entertain the inoft
auspicious hopes from vour arrival at this cri
lis, when a Constitution, newly adopted, and
which is to decide the fate of republican forms of
Government, is commencing its operation ; and
•when fubjedcs of the highest importance to the
Union, must neceflarily be difcufled. That you,
Sir, in every walk of life, may meet with the re
ward of your meritorious services, and fulfil the
high expectations of a free and republican peo
ple, is our sincere wifli.
Jn behalf of the citizens of Alexandria,
WILLIAM HUNTER, jun. Mayor.
Thomas Efqulrc.
Alexandria, March ir, 1790.
S I R,
ACCEPT my sincere thanks, for yourfelf and
the worthy citizens of Alexandria, for their
kind congratulations on my return to my native
country.
I am happy to learn that they have felt benefit
from the encouragements to commerce which
have been given by an'allied Nation. jßut truth
and candor oblige me, at the fame time, to de-
G. WASHINGTON.
Clare you are indebted foi- tliofe encout-agements
I 6£ t i? t it fnen . d, y disposition of that Nation,
which has /hewn nfelf ready on every occafionto
adopt all arrangements which misht ftrenjnhen
our ties of mutual interest and friendfliip.
Convinced that the republican is the only form
of Government which is not eternally at open or
secret war with the rights of mankind, my pray
ers and efforts shall be cordially contributed to
the support of that we have so happily establish
ed —h is, indeed, an animating thought that,
while we are securing the rights of ourselves and
our poiterity, we are pointing out the way to
ttniggling Nations, who wish, like us, to emerge
from their tyrannies also. Heaven help tliclr
•truggles, and lead them, as it lias done us, tri
umphantly through them !
Accept, Sir, for yourfelf and the Citizens of A
lexandria, the homage of my thanks for their ci
vilities, and the aflurance of those sentiments of
relpedl and attachment, with which I have the
honor to be, Sir, your most obedient, and most
humble Servant,
THOMAS JEFFERSON.
Wi L LIA MHu KTtßyjun. Efq, Mayor of Alexandria.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
FABLE
honest Hodce to Janus came,
His neighbor's Hogs and Sheep to blame ;
Who, tho his fence was good and found,
Found means to break into his ground ;
Janus, with sapient nod and speech,
Declar'd that Law could mend the breach ;
" That plain asnofc on human face,"
Great damages were in the cafe
Quoth Hodce, I'ih glad your tho'ts are mine,
iour's are the breachy Sheep and Swine—
Hold ! cries the lawyer in a fright !
If so—the cafe ii alt. -'d quite.
Thus in political affairs,
Each mortal for the Public cares—•
Taxes on taxes may be laid,
If only by our neighbors paid.
But tax my own peculiar catling, }
Lord ! what a raving, rout and bawling— C
You'd think the very State was falling. S
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
THE PRESENT STATE OF EUROPE.
TN contemplating the present poftnre of affairs
in the Eastern Hemisphere, a variety of con
tending ideas obtrude on the mind : The result
will be a comparison between the progress of
light, wisdom, and freedom in the old world and
In Rujjia we behold vast armies march
ed from one end of that immense empire to the
other, for the purpose of adding to the extent of
its territory, and the eclat of the Ruffian arms—
when the country already in pofTeffion, is not one
halfpopulated— and the caprices of ambition, but
a few years since thinned the land of millions of
the people. Would an enlightened, free people,
be thusfobfervient to the views of ambition ?
It is more than a century since Peter the
Great, begun the workof civilization ; and yet,
the rays of freedom can scarcely be said to gleam
011 a country, where the whole body of the peo
ple are the property of the crown. But the splen
dors of victory ; the charms of tritunph ; and
the eulogium 011 Princes, Generals, and Heroes,
(the illusions of fancy) are found to counterbal
ance all the poficive miseries of war and despo
tism. The prayer of every benevolent mind must
be, may lightarife in such Egyptian darkness.
In Sweden we behold a Monarch, whose charac
fo f ar ss it unfolds itfelf, impreiles the mind
with favorable sentiments of his wisdom and mag
nanimity— still we are not furnifhed with such
documents as enable us to form a competent
judgment of the reasons which have induced the
war with Russia.
Opinions on this point are various—some ap
plaud—others condemn. Some recent accounts,
indicate, however, that the war is not altogether
popular: Certain extraordinary privileges have
been lately granted to the inferior orders of the
people—and every measure appears to be taken
to keep up thefpirit of hostility against the Ruf
fians.
Sweden was once free—but now it seems, the
Monarch can divest one order of citizens of their
ancient privileges, and bestow them on another,
and still retain his popularity. Can the flame of
freedom befaid to illume fucli a country ?
The commotions in tht Austrian Netherlands
area novel and solemn fpedtacle. It is quite attcw
thing under the fun to behold the fonsof the' Cowl
and the Cord' harnessing on the habiliments of
war, and fighting under the (tandard of freedom.
The Emperor laying (as they term it) sacrilegi
ous hands on the endowments of Monasteries
and Nunneries, and abrogating certain exclusive
privileges, which they had long poffefled, gave
the firlt alarm to the people.
(To be continued.)
399
eulogium on mr. Pitt.
FROM THE STAR. (LONDON.)
I itt has been called,riot Jligmatized, for
it is no reproach till his abilities shall be
tried in war—the Minified of Peace. He has (hewn
hinifelf the redeemer of his country, finking un
der the mifmanagemeiit of a corrupt war-adrnin
iftrarion ; and by his spirit on the late armament",
he has secured alliances which will render us, by
degrees, a tower of strength ; and has given a
proof of what we are to expect on a future emer-
gency.
And how was this great political desideratum
brought about ? With an astonishing addrcfs and
generalship, at the expense of less than hdlf a
million, wliilft a former atrociously degenerated
minister more than doubled our debt, with the
lole consequence of a difinemberment of our A
meiican provinces, loft through negledl, corrup
tion, and the stupidity, obstinacy, and want of
forefight of our councils at home, at which he
presided ex officio.
NEW-YORK, MARCH 27, 1790,
E" lra ' C ? "J " litter from Derby, Conveflicut, Marth 18
The proposed duty on fait u contemplated with great difmft
the exportation ol provisions is become a very important articFe of
commerce ; I yearly pack, up 300 barrels ; the fait amounts to a
conliderable luin—an enhanced duty will make my i rtf and'pork
meet the market at more than a Hulling additional price—now
though the bulinefs is yet thisduty will entirely ■ reak
it up ; our cattle upon a thoufaud hills will be a ufelcls bunh> n on
the earth ; our paiture* will be untenanted, our calvesmuft.be all
kihed—and in Ihoitallthc graziers, butchers, packers* coope,r«
and (h.ppers of provilions will be ruined by this enhanced rimy
on fait.—There are other articles which might be noticed—(hall
only mention/™/; my wife takes a great deal, much to my conl
y°u lna y be lure—the lays if it is made dearer by a new du
ty, noses may as well go out of fafhion.
ExtraCl of a litter from St. Euftatia, dated Feb. To.
" This minute a part of the hill of this place
gave way, and buried a number of the inhabitants
of the lower town in the ruins. The number that
fell victims in this unhappy cataftroplieis not yet
afcertairted."
The brig Minerva, Worth, from this port for
Hudson, took fire on the 24th inft. near Fort Lee;
and was nearly consumed.
The new Church lately built in Broadway oti
the lite of the old Trinity Church, was on Thurs
day last solemnly consecrated and dedicated td
the service of God,, by the' Right Reverend Fath:
er in God, Samuel, Bifhopof theProteftant Epis
copal Church in the State of New York—a (Tilted
by the several gentlemen of the clergy belonging
to the Church. A great number of people were
alTembled on this occasion. The President of the
United States, together withjhe Rev, Clergy of
the different denominations in this city, and many
other persons of diftindtion were present. An
excellent sermon, adapted to the occasion, was
delivered by the Rev. Dr. Beach.
Thursday last a vote waspafled in theHoufeof
Aflembly of this State, declaring vacant the feat
of the Hon. Rufus King, Esq. wio, since his dec.
tion intp the Legislature, has been eledted a Sen
ator for this State in the Congrcfs of the United
States.
The poor mechanics and labourers of Europe,
are turning their thoughts to the United Slates
as an afylutn from all the oppression of defpo: ism,
poverty and wretchedness. At present many ob
stacles are thrown in the'way of emigration
but except their condition is meliorated by adopt
ing a more humane and liberal policy on the part
of their oppreflors, lieceffity will surmount every
impediment, and emigrations to this land of free
dom, will in a great measure depopulate the old
world.—
" Weiward the Ball of Empire rolls."
Measures founded in wisdom, should be tena
ciously adhered to—it is very easy to find faults,
but extremely difficult to devise adequate reme
dies. On matters of finance and revenue, there
are perhaps fewer competent judges than on any
fubjed: whatever—and yet there is none, on
which fuperficial characters are more apt to de
cide with confidence. Propositions for ne.v tax
es are always fruitful topics of declamation—and
the public are not unfrequently abused with the
complaints of persons who pretending a regard
to the general-welfare, excite discontents among
the people, to defeat measures calculated to pro
mote the public good, merely because they ima
gine their private interest will be injured.
Firmness in a minister appears to be an in
dispensable requisite to ensure success.
ARRIVALS SINCE OUR LAST. NEW YORK.
Brig Sotnerfet, Hunt, Turks-Island.
Brig Ann, Donaldfon, Amsterdam.
——Brig Rebecca, Little, St. Thomas.
——Brig Robert, Douglafs, Kingston.
• Brig Queen of the North, Durand, Cape Francois.
Schooner Rebecca, Swaine, Newbern, (N. C.)
— Schooner Lively, Major, Turk's-Ifland.
—7 —Schooner Charming Sally, Howat, Norfolk.
Sloop Hudson Packet, Coffin, Gaudaloupe.
Sloop Sally, Griffin, St. Martin's.
Sloop Lady Haley, Tillinghaft, Charlcfton.