or had it included certificates of only one
'i°f Option, the land-oflice would probably have
fallowed up the greateit part of oar proportioi
'Ckl'ohktons, fays a correfpondcnt, to tfic wages of the mem
f ron-M-ci's, are not well founded. They aie no greUer dim
* C e dunug the late war. Let it be remembered that they
thc j fit one half, or one third of the year,—that most o
"Lquifh all private and profefiional pursuits, jnd that nv-
of themwill carry their families with them to the pace where
Coparefs ref'des.
CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES.
. a ctfor establishing an Executive Depart
ment, to be denominated the Department of Fo
reign Affairs.
BE it enabled by the Senate and Honfe of Repre
fntiti'J" °f the United States of America in Congress
ikvilltd, That there (hall be an executive depart
ent to'be denominated the department of so
"jan affaire, and that there (hall be a principal
officer therein, to be called the Secretary for the
department of foreign affairs, who (hall perform
and execute such duties as (hall, from time to time,
te enjoined 011 or entrusted to him by the Presi
dent of the United States, agreeably to the Con
(litution, relative to correspondences, commillions,
orinftruftions, to or with public ministers or con
fills from the United States, or to negociations
with public ministers from foreign States orPrin
ccs or to memorials or other applications from
foreign public ministers, or other foreigners, or
to fucli other matters refpecfiing foreign affairs,
as the President of the United States (hall assign
to the said department : And furthermore, that
the said principal officer (hall conduct the business
ofthefaid department in such manner as the Pre
sident of the United States (hall, from time to
time, order or inftruift.
And be it further enacted, That there (hall be, in
the said department, an inferior oflicer, to be ap
pointed by the said principal officer, and to be
employed therein as hefhalldeem proper, and to
becalledthc chief clerk in the department of fo
reign affairs, and who, whenever the said princi
pal officer (hall be removed from office by the Pre
sident of the United States, or in any other cafe
of vacancy, (hall, during such vacancy, have the
charge and custody of all records, books, and
papers appertaining to the said department.
And be it further enacted, That the said princi
palofficer,and every other person to be appointed
oremployed in the said department, (hall, before
he enters 011 the execution of his office or employ
ment, take an oath or affirmation, well and faith
fully to cxecute the trust committed to him.
And be it further enacted, That the Secretary for
thedepartment of foreign affairs, to be appointed
inconsequence of this act, (hall forthwith after
his appointment, be entitled to have the custody
and charge of all records, books, and papers in
the office of Secretary for the department of fo
reign affairs, heretofore eftabliflied by the United
States in Congress aflembled.
Frederick A. Muhlenberg, Speaker
of the Honfe of Representatives.
John Adams, Vice-President of the United States,
and President of the Senate.
APPROVED, JULY 27, I 789.
G.WASHINGTON, President oj the United States.
SKETCH OF PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS.
In the HOUSE of REPRESENTATIVES of the
UNITED STA TES.
MONDAY, JULY 27, I 789.
The engrofled bill for fettling accounts be
tween the United States and individual States was
read, and the blanks filled.
To the chief Clerk to the commiflioners, 600
dollars a year was allowed, and 400 dollars to
'he other Clerks.
A meflage from the Supreme Executive, was
received by Mr. Secretary Lear, with the bill
for establishing an executive department, to be
denominated the Department of Foreign Affairs ;
towhich The President had affixed his sig
nature.
The memorial of Nathaniel Gorhani, praying,
Aat Congress would take measures for determin
ing the principles of the cession of the western
territory from the State of New-York totlieUni-
previous to running the line of juris
diction and property between that State and in
dividuals 011 the one part, and the United States
°nthe other part—which was presented on Fri
°aylaft, was this day taken up, and on motion
tor the commitment of the fame, a lengthy debate
fnfued :—The motion was supported by Mr.
Sedgwick, Mr. Benson, Mr. Gerry, Mr. Lau
kance and Mr. Sherman ; and opposed by Mr.
, Cot t and Mr. Boudi not —on the question be
ln£ taken it was carried in the affiinai ive, and the
® e mori;\l committed to Mefl'rs. Huntington, Jack-
J<"> and Lee.
In committee of the whole House, on the or
der of the day—
Mr. Boudinot in the chair—
Hie report of the committee appointed io con
,ef with a committee of the Senate, in preparing
rules to be eftabliflied between the two
houses for the enrollment, prefevation, attefta
:oiiand publication of ihe acts of Congress, and
to regulate the mode of presenting addrefles,
md o Jier acts to The President of the United
states, was taken up.
On motion of Mr. Sedgwick, the following
/efolution ivas agreed to, viz. That it is the opi
nion of this committee, afelectcommittee ought
co be appointed, to prepaie and report a bill,
o provide,without eitablilhing .mew department,
for the fafe keeping of the acts, records, ami
great seal of the United States—for the publica
tion, preservation and authentication of the acfts
of Congrefs—for establishing the fees of office,
and prescribing the forms of commiffioiis, &c.
—This resolution being added to the report,
and the discussion being finilhed, the committee
role, and the chairman reported the fame with the
amendments,which were acceded to by the House:
A committee consisting of Mr. Sedgwick, Mr. Mat -
thews and Mr. Wynkoop, was appointed agreeably
to said resolution. Adjourned
TUESDAY, JULY 2?, I 789.
Mr. Vin in g, of the committee on amendments
to the Constitution, brought in a report, which
was read, and laid on the table.
Upon motion of Mr. Gerry, it was voted that
100 copies be struck off for the accommodation of
the members.
A mellage from the Senate was received by their
Secretary, informing the Hon. House, that they
had concurred with amendments in the bill to re
gulate the collection of duties imposed on goods,
wares, andinerchandize imported into the United
States.—These amendments were immediately
taken into consideration, and acceded to by the
House.
The bill for registering and clearing veflels,
and for regulating the coalting trade, was read a
l'econd time—and on motion the House resolved
itfelf into a committee of the whole, for the dis
cussion of the fame—the committee made confi
derable progress in the bill, but the time did not
admit of finifhing it—they therefore rose, and
the House Adjourned.
NEIV-YORK, JULY 29, 1789.
The President of the United States was so
well as to receive visits of compliment from many
official characters and citizens yesterday ; but
we learn, that, until his strength shall be more
fully restored, he proposes to receive them only
once a week, and that on I'uefiUys.
Mrs. Washington, we are informed, will
be at home every Friday, at eight o'clock, P. M.
co fee company.
On Saturday last the Molt Hon. Rufus King,
and on Monday the Molt Hon. Philip Schuy
ler, took their feats in the Congress of the Uni
ted States, as Senators from the <diltri<st of New-
York.
We hear, that the Supreme Executive of the
United States, in conf'equence of the resignation
of Chnrles Tliompfon, Esq. has committed the
records and papers of rhe late Congress, and the
Great Seal of the United btates, to the cultody
ofRoGER Alden, Esq. till further orders.
Extratt t>J a letter fromConneßicut, July, 1789.
" You inform me that the probable plan ot ap
pointments will be—firft, to continue those alrea
dy in otfice in the several States, who have given
indubitable proof of fidelity and capacity, except
ing in instances where superior political, and of
ficial abilities may point them out, as proper fub
jecfts of promotion —fccondly, that those charac
ters of the late American army, who may be
qualified, who merit much, but from the unfa
vorable circumstances ot the country, have never
been suitably rewarded,will next be noticed—and
thirdly, that persons who in civil life have evin
ced a firm attachment to the cause of their coun
try in all the different views in which it has been
placed ; more especially the advocates and friends
of the new constitution, whose characT;eis and
qualifications entitle them to patronage, will also
receive attention. .
" This arrangement meets my approbation en
tirely ; but at the fame time great caution is re
quisite to avoid efl'ential mistakes —in the firft
place, it is not difficult for persons in office who
are unworthy of, and incompetent to the places
they hold, to procure factitious testimonials in
their favor.
" Itmuft be granted, also, that many persons
mistake their own talents—and men who have
done well in one situation, may be totally unqua
lified for others : There is a fort of claim which
military characters possess, that may unduly bias
the judgment —and it is possible, that some candi
dates for office cannot with propriety, iwholly im
pute their present deprefled circumstances to the
deficiencies of their country.
" The third description affords the greateit
range for the felecftion of competent public offi
cers—and from this, all other considerations be
incr equal, no doubt a preference will be given
to those who have supported the Conlhtution,
ill appointments which have for their object the
promotion of the public interest, upon the prin
ciples of that Constitution."
Every plealing anticipation is entertained with
refpecft to the nominations to office that are im
mediately to be made.— The hackneyed prove; b,
that " kiffinggoes by favor," will be found to
tally inapplicable on'tliis occasion ; an inflexible
independency of determination having always
distinguished the appointments of the late Com*
mander in Chief of the American army—there is
every reason to expeift that real abilities and clefert
will be the only influencing confederations*
A correfponclent observes, that however plausi
ble the idea, in an economical view, of prevelit
ingthe encreafe of offices by jumbling a great va
riety of heterogeneous business in one department,
maybe, yet it will be found that luch arrange
ments mult be made, to prevent confufion, as will
in the ifl'ue be as expenlive as openly establishing
so many diftindl offices.
A correspondent observes upon the fubjeA 01
Titles, that a total renunciation of them involves
an idea, that is levelled not only at the exifter.ee
of government, but of all society whatever.—So
ciety supposes order—order,grades and dijlinfl ions
—Mankind haveneveryetdevifed any other mode
of designating tliefe diftincftions than by titles.
To suppose therefore that they are unneceflary,
is to suppose that human nature poflefles an in
tuitive faculty of discerning merit,& of ascertain
ing its various degrees, so as never to fail oi .pon
taneoufly paying it dae refpetfl, without any ex
ternal indication whatever —the absurdity of this
is too grofsfor reflection.
Extract of a letter from a young gentleman at
Academy, to his father in C- 1.
Honored Sir, .
" I ihink it my juty to give you some injubt
table evidence of my progress in literachure ; when
I firftcameto this academy, scarce an hour in the
day pafl'ed without some Jlrittchures on my mode
of speaking—but by perpechuel hints from every
quarter, my flckupidity was overcome, and my at
tention so quickened, that at length 1 have be
come so habichuated to the proper found of du, tu,
&c. that the old fafhioned pronunciation founds
quite unnatchural—having surmounted this diffi
culty, in speaking the following words, I no lon
ger make the least mistake, viz. virchue, nachure,
fuchure, individual, ins atchuation, machurate, fachu
rate, forchune, Jhootable, Jhuprenie, fhuperior, chufe
day, and many others —there is a further improve
ment talked of, and that is to pronounce debts,
jets, See. but how this will fucccedis uncertain.
" I hope my improvements will receive your
approbation, and am your jutifvl son,
Timothy Ton-
DEATHS.
At Conjlartinople, (Tt-hey) April 7, 1789, Achmet IV. Grand
to the Ottoman Entire, aged 64 —ajtrr reigning 45 1 tars. It
. fuppcftd he was poisoned by some of the party in favor of the contin
uation of the uiar with Rufjia. to which he reluflaviitly corfented. And ,
1 is thought his death will put an end to all ideas oj peace for some time.
Prince Simlin. his nephew, it is said, succeeds him.
In Germany, the Prince of Gelnhausen, the lajt Protejunt
Prince of the Palatine family.
At Newport, Cast. Dav id Gardiner, dgei 48.
ARRIVALS. NEW-YORK.
Sunday Sloop Delight, Campbell, Newfoundland, 25 days
Sloop John, Gilbert, Kingston, 21 days
Tnefday Sloop Hancock, 'Brown, Rhode-Island, 2 days
Sloop Rambler, Peterfon, do. 2 days
Brig Nelly, Buchannan, Martha Brae, 21 days
MR. FENNO, * ,
IN the translation of an Ordinance oj the Gov. of Hifpaniola, pub
!-[hed in your lajl, the words of the preamble, " with his Majc/ly's gocd
pleasure," frem to imply that the King has consented to it: The mean
ing oj the words tc Sous le bon plaifir de fa Majffte fj, that in cafe
the King (hould consent, then the law should have its elTea. The
expression is conditional, whereas in the English translation itfeems to
he pojitice, and maymiflead your readers. caution.
[fir|TWe conceive that theTrarflator's idea as conveyed in the sentence
alluded to, exaflly coincides with the writer's of the above : The words
" provisionally enacted," fuficiently indicate that the Ordinance is
fubjeß to the King's revifon.]
PRICE CURRENT NEW-YORK.
lamaica Spirits, - 5.f6
Antigua Rum, - - - 57-
St. Croix, do. - - , - - 4/8-
Country, do. - *■ 2 /*o»
MolalTes, - - - 2 / 2 - a 2 /°-
Brandy, - 5j6- a S.fa*
Geneva, - 5/3-
Do. in cases, - 2 p/
Muscovado Sugar, - - 50f- a 7 *Jf
Loaf, do. - 1/3-
Lump, do. - - V l £-
Pepper, «■ * « 2 /&-
Pimento, - - - ifg. a 2f.
Chocolate, - - - 1/2.
Cocoa, - - - a
Coffee* -» - 1/0 • a 1/9-
Indigo, (Carolina) - - 4/ a 6/«
Rice, - * 23/ a 24/
Superfine Flour, - - - 4,57*
Common do. - - 4 2 /6- a 43[/*
Rye do. 26f. a 27/
Indian Meal, - 18/ I
Rye, - - 4/9- P r - bu st-
Corn, (Southern) - 3/9- * 4./•
Do. (Northern,)* - 4_/~3- a 4/6-
Beef, firft quality, - - 48/ a 50/ I
Second quality, - - 41/6-
Pork, firft quality, - - 81/6.
Sccond quality, - - 76/6.
Hams, - a 7^?-
Carolina Tobacco, - - a 5 :
Virginia ——, - - \d. a $d.