or had it included certificates of only one 'i°f Option, the land-oflice would probably have fallowed up the greateit part of oar proportioi 'Ckl'ohktons, fays a correfpondcnt, to tfic wages of the mem f ron-M-ci's, are not well founded. They aie no greUer dim * C e dunug the late war. Let it be remembered that they thc j fit one half, or one third of the year,—that most o "Lquifh all private and profefiional pursuits, jnd that nv- of themwill carry their families with them to the pace where Coparefs ref'des. CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. . a ctfor establishing an Executive Depart ment, to be denominated the Department of Fo reign Affairs. BE it enabled by the Senate and Honfe of Repre fntiti'J" °f the United States of America in Congress ikvilltd, That there (hall be an executive depart ent to'be denominated the department of so "jan affaire, and that there (hall be a principal officer therein, to be called the Secretary for the department of foreign affairs, who (hall perform and execute such duties as (hall, from time to time, te enjoined 011 or entrusted to him by the Presi dent of the United States, agreeably to the Con (litution, relative to correspondences, commillions, orinftruftions, to or with public ministers or con fills from the United States, or to negociations with public ministers from foreign States orPrin ccs or to memorials or other applications from foreign public ministers, or other foreigners, or to fucli other matters refpecfiing foreign affairs, as the President of the United States (hall assign to the said department : And furthermore, that the said principal officer (hall conduct the business ofthefaid department in such manner as the Pre sident of the United States (hall, from time to time, order or inftruift. And be it further enacted, That there (hall be, in the said department, an inferior oflicer, to be ap pointed by the said principal officer, and to be employed therein as hefhalldeem proper, and to becalledthc chief clerk in the department of fo reign affairs, and who, whenever the said princi pal officer (hall be removed from office by the Pre sident of the United States, or in any other cafe of vacancy, (hall, during such vacancy, have the charge and custody of all records, books, and papers appertaining to the said department. And be it further enacted, That the said princi palofficer,and every other person to be appointed oremployed in the said department, (hall, before he enters 011 the execution of his office or employ ment, take an oath or affirmation, well and faith fully to cxecute the trust committed to him. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary for thedepartment of foreign affairs, to be appointed inconsequence of this act, (hall forthwith after his appointment, be entitled to have the custody and charge of all records, books, and papers in the office of Secretary for the department of fo reign affairs, heretofore eftabliflied by the United States in Congress aflembled. Frederick A. Muhlenberg, Speaker of the Honfe of Representatives. John Adams, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. APPROVED, JULY 27, I 789. G.WASHINGTON, President oj the United States. SKETCH OF PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS. In the HOUSE of REPRESENTATIVES of the UNITED STA TES. MONDAY, JULY 27, I 789. The engrofled bill for fettling accounts be tween the United States and individual States was read, and the blanks filled. To the chief Clerk to the commiflioners, 600 dollars a year was allowed, and 400 dollars to 'he other Clerks. A meflage from the Supreme Executive, was received by Mr. Secretary Lear, with the bill for establishing an executive department, to be denominated the Department of Foreign Affairs ; towhich The President had affixed his sig nature. The memorial of Nathaniel Gorhani, praying, Aat Congress would take measures for determin ing the principles of the cession of the western territory from the State of New-York totlieUni- previous to running the line of juris diction and property between that State and in dividuals 011 the one part, and the United States °nthe other part—which was presented on Fri °aylaft, was this day taken up, and on motion tor the commitment of the fame, a lengthy debate fnfued :—The motion was supported by Mr. Sedgwick, Mr. Benson, Mr. Gerry, Mr. Lau kance and Mr. Sherman ; and opposed by Mr. , Cot t and Mr. Boudi not —on the question be ln£ taken it was carried in the affiinai ive, and the ® e mori;\l committed to Mefl'rs. Huntington, Jack- J<"> and Lee. In committee of the whole House, on the or der of the day— Mr. Boudinot in the chair— Hie report of the committee appointed io con ,ef with a committee of the Senate, in preparing rules to be eftabliflied between the two houses for the enrollment, prefevation, attefta :oiiand publication of ihe acts of Congress, and to regulate the mode of presenting addrefles, md o Jier acts to The President of the United states, was taken up. On motion of Mr. Sedgwick, the following /efolution ivas agreed to, viz. That it is the opi nion of this committee, afelectcommittee ought co be appointed, to prepaie and report a bill, o provide,without eitablilhing .mew department, for the fafe keeping of the acts, records, ami great seal of the United States—for the publica tion, preservation and authentication of the acfts of Congrefs—for establishing the fees of office, and prescribing the forms of commiffioiis, &c. —This resolution being added to the report, and the discussion being finilhed, the committee role, and the chairman reported the fame with the amendments,which were acceded to by the House: A committee consisting of Mr. Sedgwick, Mr. Mat - thews and Mr. Wynkoop, was appointed agreeably to said resolution. Adjourned TUESDAY, JULY 2?, I 789. Mr. Vin in g, of the committee on amendments to the Constitution, brought in a report, which was read, and laid on the table. Upon motion of Mr. Gerry, it was voted that 100 copies be struck off for the accommodation of the members. A mellage from the Senate was received by their Secretary, informing the Hon. House, that they had concurred with amendments in the bill to re gulate the collection of duties imposed on goods, wares, andinerchandize imported into the United States.—These amendments were immediately taken into consideration, and acceded to by the House. The bill for registering and clearing veflels, and for regulating the coalting trade, was read a l'econd time—and on motion the House resolved itfelf into a committee of the whole, for the dis cussion of the fame—the committee made confi derable progress in the bill, but the time did not admit of finifhing it—they therefore rose, and the House Adjourned. NEIV-YORK, JULY 29, 1789. The President of the United States was so well as to receive visits of compliment from many official characters and citizens yesterday ; but we learn, that, until his strength shall be more fully restored, he proposes to receive them only once a week, and that on I'uefiUys. Mrs. Washington, we are informed, will be at home every Friday, at eight o'clock, P. M. co fee company. On Saturday last the Molt Hon. Rufus King, and on Monday the Molt Hon. Philip Schuy ler, took their feats in the Congress of the Uni ted States, as Senators from the <diltri<st of New- York. We hear, that the Supreme Executive of the United States, in conf'equence of the resignation of Chnrles Tliompfon, Esq. has committed the records and papers of rhe late Congress, and the Great Seal of the United btates, to the cultody ofRoGER Alden, Esq. till further orders. Extratt t>J a letter fromConneßicut, July, 1789. " You inform me that the probable plan ot ap pointments will be—firft, to continue those alrea dy in otfice in the several States, who have given indubitable proof of fidelity and capacity, except ing in instances where superior political, and of ficial abilities may point them out, as proper fub jecfts of promotion —fccondly, that those charac ters of the late American army, who may be qualified, who merit much, but from the unfa vorable circumstances ot the country, have never been suitably rewarded,will next be noticed—and thirdly, that persons who in civil life have evin ced a firm attachment to the cause of their coun try in all the different views in which it has been placed ; more especially the advocates and friends of the new constitution, whose characT;eis and qualifications entitle them to patronage, will also receive attention. . " This arrangement meets my approbation en tirely ; but at the fame time great caution is re quisite to avoid efl'ential mistakes —in the firft place, it is not difficult for persons in office who are unworthy of, and incompetent to the places they hold, to procure factitious testimonials in their favor. " Itmuft be granted, also, that many persons mistake their own talents—and men who have done well in one situation, may be totally unqua lified for others : There is a fort of claim which military characters possess, that may unduly bias the judgment —and it is possible, that some candi dates for office cannot with propriety, iwholly im pute their present deprefled circumstances to the deficiencies of their country. " The third description affords the greateit range for the felecftion of competent public offi cers—and from this, all other considerations be incr equal, no doubt a preference will be given to those who have supported the Conlhtution, ill appointments which have for their object the promotion of the public interest, upon the prin ciples of that Constitution." Every plealing anticipation is entertained with refpecft to the nominations to office that are im mediately to be made.— The hackneyed prove; b, that " kiffinggoes by favor," will be found to tally inapplicable on'tliis occasion ; an inflexible independency of determination having always distinguished the appointments of the late Com* mander in Chief of the American army—there is every reason to expeift that real abilities and clefert will be the only influencing confederations* A correfponclent observes, that however plausi ble the idea, in an economical view, of prevelit ingthe encreafe of offices by jumbling a great va riety of heterogeneous business in one department, maybe, yet it will be found that luch arrange ments mult be made, to prevent confufion, as will in the ifl'ue be as expenlive as openly establishing so many diftindl offices. A correspondent observes upon the fubjeA 01 Titles, that a total renunciation of them involves an idea, that is levelled not only at the exifter.ee of government, but of all society whatever.—So ciety supposes order—order,grades and dijlinfl ions —Mankind haveneveryetdevifed any other mode of designating tliefe diftincftions than by titles. To suppose therefore that they are unneceflary, is to suppose that human nature poflefles an in tuitive faculty of discerning merit,& of ascertain ing its various degrees, so as never to fail oi .pon taneoufly paying it dae refpetfl, without any ex ternal indication whatever —the absurdity of this is too grofsfor reflection. Extract of a letter from a young gentleman at Academy, to his father in C- 1. Honored Sir, . " I ihink it my juty to give you some injubt table evidence of my progress in literachure ; when I firftcameto this academy, scarce an hour in the day pafl'ed without some Jlrittchures on my mode of speaking—but by perpechuel hints from every quarter, my flckupidity was overcome, and my at tention so quickened, that at length 1 have be come so habichuated to the proper found of du, tu, &c. that the old fafhioned pronunciation founds quite unnatchural—having surmounted this diffi culty, in speaking the following words, I no lon ger make the least mistake, viz. virchue, nachure, fuchure, individual, ins atchuation, machurate, fachu rate, forchune, Jhootable, Jhuprenie, fhuperior, chufe day, and many others —there is a further improve ment talked of, and that is to pronounce debts, jets, See. but how this will fucccedis uncertain. " I hope my improvements will receive your approbation, and am your jutifvl son, Timothy Ton- DEATHS. At Conjlartinople, (Tt-hey) April 7, 1789, Achmet IV. Grand to the Ottoman Entire, aged 64 —ajtrr reigning 45 1 tars. It . fuppcftd he was poisoned by some of the party in favor of the contin uation of the uiar with Rufjia. to which he reluflaviitly corfented. And , 1 is thought his death will put an end to all ideas oj peace for some time. Prince Simlin. his nephew, it is said, succeeds him. In Germany, the Prince of Gelnhausen, the lajt Protejunt Prince of the Palatine family. At Newport, Cast. Dav id Gardiner, dgei 48. ARRIVALS. NEW-YORK. Sunday Sloop Delight, Campbell, Newfoundland, 25 days Sloop John, Gilbert, Kingston, 21 days Tnefday Sloop Hancock, 'Brown, Rhode-Island, 2 days Sloop Rambler, Peterfon, do. 2 days Brig Nelly, Buchannan, Martha Brae, 21 days MR. FENNO, * , IN the translation of an Ordinance oj the Gov. of Hifpaniola, pub !-[hed in your lajl, the words of the preamble, " with his Majc/ly's gocd pleasure," frem to imply that the King has consented to it: The mean ing oj the words tc Sous le bon plaifir de fa Majffte fj, that in cafe the King (hould consent, then the law should have its elTea. The expression is conditional, whereas in the English translation itfeems to he pojitice, and maymiflead your readers. caution. [fir|TWe conceive that theTrarflator's idea as conveyed in the sentence alluded to, exaflly coincides with the writer's of the above : The words " provisionally enacted," fuficiently indicate that the Ordinance is fubjeß to the King's revifon.] PRICE CURRENT NEW-YORK. lamaica Spirits, - 5.f6 Antigua Rum, - - - 57- St. Croix, do. - - , - - 4/8- Country, do. - *■ 2 /*o» MolalTes, - - - 2 / 2 - a 2 /°- Brandy, - 5j6- a S.fa* Geneva, - 5/3- Do. in cases, - 2 p/ Muscovado Sugar, - - 50f- a 7 *Jf Loaf, do. - 1/3- Lump, do. - - V l £- Pepper, «■ * « 2 /&- Pimento, - - - ifg. a 2f. Chocolate, - - - 1/2. Cocoa, - - - a Coffee* -» - 1/0 • a 1/9- Indigo, (Carolina) - - 4/ a 6/« Rice, - * 23/ a 24/ Superfine Flour, - - - 4,57* Common do. - - 4 2 /6- a 43[/* Rye do. 26f. a 27/ Indian Meal, - 18/ I Rye, - - 4/9- P r - bu st- Corn, (Southern) - 3/9- * 4./• Do. (Northern,)* - 4_/~3- a 4/6- Beef, firft quality, - - 48/ a 50/ I Second quality, - - 41/6- Pork, firft quality, - - 81/6. Sccond quality, - - 76/6. Hams, - a 7^?- Carolina Tobacco, - - a 5 : Virginia ——, - - \d. a $d.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers