THIS DAILY KVKNINU TE LEG II A PI I PI 1 1 LAD K L PI I A, WEDNESDAY, FKHUUaRY 1, 1871. nrxnzT or txxh run so. Editorial Opinions of the Leading Journals upon Current Topios Compiled Every Day for the Evening Telegraph. SOLVENCY IN LIFE INSURANCE. from the K. P. Timet. The disturbance whiota recent failures in the infmrance world have created will not ba an unmitigated evil if it concentrates atten tion npon the true test of solvency in life insurance and the essential conditions of good management. The immediate effect is prejudicial to the business. The saying of De Morgan, that absolute Hoourity is nowhere found in n greater degree than in a oarefully governed life insurance company, has been no twisted and perverted that most persons were nocubtomed to regard failure in life insurance as an utter impossi bility. The delusion has served as a cover for many impudent cheats, and has impaired the effect of criticism upon the recklessness and extravagance in the conduct of business which an almost criminal competition has produced. This delusion the reoent failure of the Great 'Western Life and the Farmers' and Mechanics' Life has rudely broken. The result is something not unlike a panic An entire system is suspected because abuses which have fastened themselves upon it have produced natural and disastrous re sults. Before confidence can be restored, the re sponsibility for the irregular not to say frau dulent practices revealed in the failure of the Farmers' and Mechanics' Company must be determined, either by legal proceedings against the parties implicated, or by legisla tion that bhall fix the penalties of criminality for any future practices of the same kind. If, as reported, the aggregate apparent busi ness of the company in question were in creased, and the ratio of its expenses re duced, by a pretended issue of policies which never were issued, there must be somewhere a responsibility of which the law can take cognizance. In such a case it is not enough that the affaire of the company are placed in the hands of a receiver. If the (Superintendent has the requisite authority, his duty is to bring to punishment the offi cials chargeable with the malpractice; and if he has not authority, his duty is to nrge upon the Legislature amendments that will furnish better safeguards than the public at present possess. The efficacy of legislation in regard to life insurance is, however, necessarily limited. The misfortune is, not that we have too little legislation upon the subject, but that we have too much. People rely upon the protection afforded by law, although the only adequate protection must be derived from an intelligent discrimination between good and bad management, and from adherenoe on the part of the companies to tests which only publio opinion can enforce. The law fulfils its proper purpose when it exacts from the companies sworn and specific state ments as to their affairs, and provides for the publication of information so acquired, and when, further, it provides for the severe punishment of irregularities and frauds of the nature resorted to in the Farmers' and Mechanics' Company. It does more harm than good when it leads the publio to put faith in stockholders' capital as of any ap preciable value except during the earliest stages of a company's business; and it goes beyond its province when it lays down rules and Imposes conditions which every company should be free to determine for itself. The essential information, and that which should be supplied, officially, to the publio in a more readable form than is at present adopted, embraces three distinct points: First, the amount of business, and the ratio of the reserve, or accumulation of premiums, to the sum required to constitute solvency. Seoond, the character of the securities in which the reserve is invested. Third, the cost of management, discriminating between salaries and other fixed outlay, and com missions paid to agents, with an additional distinction between the rate allowed on new business and the rate on renewal premiums. This information, or a large proportion of it, may be derived from the present reports. But it is mixed with a mass of returns pos sessing little or no value save to the compa nies or their agents, and in the matter of expenditures the statements are so "lumped" as to render them practically unavailable. The first and simplest test the Superin tendent already, In a bulky way, enables the public to apply for themselves. Let it be distinctly understood that no company is solvent whose "reserve," or accumulation of premiums, does not equal the present value of the insurances in other words, does not amount to the sum that would be required for the reinsurance of all outstanding risks and a large number of companies will be at once discarded as unworthy of confidence. In the application of this test, stockholders' capital is really not entitled to popular consideration. It has nsea in the case of a cam pany whose busi ness is very small, but it is infinitesimal in proportion to the reserve required by a large company, whose solvency can be seoured only by a wise administration of the money sup plied by the policy-holders. As a rule, then, we suggest that policy-holders who desire to judge intelligently of the companies they are interested in, and parties who desire guidance in the taking out of policies, should trust only companies whose premium assets are equal to their liabilities, mathematically determined. Vrre do not say that a company whose actual reserve is but seventy-five or eighty per cent, of the noeded reserve may not, under more carefulmanagement, acquire the requisite strength. But a really solvent company is alone that which can endure the test we have described. Expenses tfford auother test that is univer sally applicable. The rates of commission generally allowed are exorbitant, and there is a general tendency to extravagance which takes shelter under such headings as "all other expenses." It is not easy to define a maximum percentage as the cost of carrying on business; but that is a safe rule which estimates the rate of expenditure for man agement by comparison with the rates in curred by other companies, utner tmngs being equal, a company whose expenses are fifteen per cent, of the premium income U better than a company whose expenses amount to twenty-five per cent., and a com pany that does not expend more than ten per cent, is better than either. The time will no doubt come when ten per cent, will be regarded as a large average cost of ao quiring and conducting business; and the nearer companies approacn tins rate now, the better is their management. The more unsound a company, the more lavish is iU ex penditure. TI1E STUDIOUS NAVY. Vom the N. T. World PA correspondent signing himself "Vete run," and who is a "line" olliotr of the navy, takes exception to the opinions reoontly ex pressed in these columns as to the relative lights of diplomatio and military men on foreign stations. In one respect we are en tirely misunderstood. We never for a mo ment contemplated legislation on the subjeot, or meant to express the slightest wish for it. It is peculiarly a matter for executive discre tion, end one as to which, it seems to us, sound executive discretion can never be at fault. An act of Congress on suoh a subject would be as preposterous and mis chievous as the "coat-and-trousers" legisla tion of a session or two ago; and to suoh an extent are we of accord with our naval friend that we can imagine a case when it might' be necessary, as in some of the scandalous instances he re fers to, for a Seoretary of the Navy in accord with his colleague of the State Department to instruct a capable and discreet oificer (for there are such) to supervise an incompetent Presidential diplomatic pet. It is a matter as to which there are many exceptions. The case of diplomatic vacancy at a distant post is, to a certain extent, in point; and one occurs to us which, as an exception, does not militate against the rule wo assert, and which is probably not within the per sonal knowledge of our correspondent, vete ran and venerable though he be. On the 8th of August, 1845, Mr. Alexander II. Everett, our Minister in China, resigned on acoount of ill-health dying not long afterward and appointed Commodore James Biddle, then in command of the frigate Columbia, in those seas, charge d'affaires. As such he acted for eight months a very critioal period in our Oriental story and, as we learn from those who are familiar with the subject, adminis tered the trust with singular discretion and ability, and without ever receiving from the Government at home a word of advice as to what he should do or oensure for what he did. This wan, we repeat, the exceptional case of an old-fashioned, intelligent, stu dious sailor who had not been at the Naval Academy. As a sequel to this we may add that Commodore Biddle thence sailed to California just annexed and, taking com mand by virtne of seniority, made terrible havoc (as the droll traditions of the navy attest) among the sea-lawyers, commodore governors, and lieutenant-alcades whom the necessities of conquest had improvised. Such an instance of naval capacity for civil duty proves nothing. It was Admiral Porters superb assertion that, as a general rule, navy-men ara more capable than "first-time" diplomatists we dissented from. Nor do the "Veteran's" in stances of diplomatio incompetence shake our faith. It will be seen that all of them are of recent date since 1801 and we in cline so far to agree with him as to think that South America was grevionsly afflicted by the Lincoln-Seward spawn of small-fry diploma tists. Nay, we will admit, for the sake of the argument, that Admiral Dahlgren, who is one of "Veteran's" "great guns," was in every sense a better man, sea-sick or not, and a more capable officer than General Jadson Kilpatrick or Ilovey of Peru. Anterior to the Republican reign, no such outrages were committed, even on our long-suffering Spanish-American neighbors. Our memory re calls, under different administrations, such men as William Hunter and Baguet and Wise and Schenck and Powaett and Cor win and llandolph Clay, and, among the latest, under Mr. Buchanan's maligned ad ministration, that one of our Democratio publio men who, unless we err, is destined as the initiator of a great political reform to make his mark Mr. Buckalew, of Pennsyl vania. Men like these (and the day of suoh will come again before long), we reaffirm, though serving for the "first time," are more trustworthy depositaries of public trust abroad and more competent to decide as to what ought to be done even than meditative students and successful letter-writers like Admiral Porter. Nor are we quite prepared to yield our opinions as to the studious habits of the navy in general, or the means they have of culti vating them. That there is "an allowance for books" on every cruise is no doubt so. The amount our correspondent does not state. Is it always used; or is it not, like the ancient spirit-ration, a matter which the commanding officer may use or not at his pleasure? Our own experience is of course not suoh as to enable us to speak with precision; but we do know of a sixty-gun frigate, fitted out at Philadelphia city of literature and at Norfolk centre in ancient days of marine boarding-houses for a oruise of two years in the East Indies, whose whole library consisted of llorsburg the naviga tor s bible- and Kent s Commentaries; and a naval friend to whom, in our desperate igno rance, we applied for information on this mooted point of library destitution, thus de scribes another long cruise in a sloop-of-war, then commanded by one of the choicest men in our Bervice now dead: "There was, he writes, "a library of perhaps three dozen books on board the , kept on shelves be tween the stern windows of the captain's cabin. I remember it because, daring the bombardment of the forts, a shot struck us betweea those two win dows, and made a tract agent of itself, scattering the leaves all over the cabin. I believe that was the only occasion on which the books were removed from the shelves during the cruise. Onoe in a while, at a drum-bead court-martial, the library would be consulted in a saaroh for authorities, of which there were one or two. I remember also McCulloch's Dictionary. There i an allowance of some sort for books, but I do not think we had the money given to us to purchase, but had to take the books on hand at the yard ! Probably we should not Lave had even them if our captain, who was very wide-awake and bound to have everything the ship was entitled to, and some things that she was not, had not given his fersonal attention to the nlatter. Altogether am confident we had more books than most ships have, but there was no library on board to invite study. Things may have changed for the better since." If they have, without wishing to prolong the discussion, we shall be glad to be specifically informed on the subject, and to know exactly what the modern ration of literature and law consists of, and how much of it is used. REGULATING THE SOCIAL EVIL. Fnmi the N. Y. Tribune. The New York Legislature proposes to imi tate recent Western efforts at the manage ment oi nnmanageaoie ana beastly vice. Perhaps they might better contemplate the fate of the Western experiments. The first law for the regulation of "the social evil' (which is the polite for "prostitution") in St. Louis having proved a complete and some what ignominious failure, the ordinance nitkers of that city have put their heads (such as they are) together, and have con cocted an entirely new sot or "regulations, which4 if our memory serves us, are not quite so different from the old ones as to promise a gratifying moral success. The truth is, that in this country all attempts to copy the legali ztdion of prostitution prevailing in Europam cities must fail, because we have no polios force trained in action, keen of scent, at onoe incorruptible and inexorable. Under the license which we call liberty, the provisions of any ordinance are without muoh diffloulty evaded. Having substantially removed the moral stigma of prostitution by giving it, if not the sanotion at least the sufiferanoe of law, fallen women without even the required condition of following their vooations will find many secret ways of plying their miserable traffio in their own diseased and degraded persons. Onoe the neoessity of a polluted class in society admitted, that class has secured a oertain status from which it will not be found easy to dislodge it. Then it is that the still-beginning, never-ending trouble begins. The time of the polioe ia spent, its energies taxed, its patienoe exhausted in hunting offenders who have retired still deeper within the recesses of abomination. The publio money is wasted in tracking a few miserable offenders, and before these have been indicted and convicted the whole work is to do over again. Standing in her wretchedness and degradation, a poor, de ppised, and unlicensed outcast, the fallen woman of St. Louis to whom the Honorable the City Council of St. Louia has refused a protection accorded to her sisters in sin will defy all legal authority, and will find way j enough to make good her defiance. Iit this is not the worst. Women of the class affected by this special legislation are especially sensitive to espionage and control. They have a hatred of restraint which is pe culiar to their calling. This is the chief dif ficulty which retreats for fallen women have had to encounter. To one who has been accustomed to the wild abandonment of the stews, the quiet, religious atmosphere, the orderly ways, the regular habits of a Mag dalen asylum are insulferable. The purity disgusts, the piety repels, the restraint torments her. It will be found, if we are not mistaken, in St. Louis, that these feel ings will render the enforcement of the new ordinance equally difficult with the enforce ment of the old one. The "cards of health" will be considered as certificates of shame. The physical examinations will be regarded with abhorrence. The license may be one for which very few will be thankful. There will always be a temptation to "breakout." European prostitution may be kept in better subjection, as we have intimated, because of the superior power and vigor and acaaien of the polioe; but in America it is more diffioult to secure a respect for legal restraint. The only result therefore in St. Louis will be that prostitution will have reoeived a kind of in dorsement of its respectability, a sort of acknowledgment that it is necessary, or at least that it is impossible to suppress it. The St. Louis view is merely the view of the physiologist. Is the moral view to be left out altogether? Well, all we can say is, that this St. Louis legislation does leave it out substantially. A regular method of grati fying lust is determined upon of the wickedness, of the lolly, of the madness of this gratification of the coarsest of human propensities, no heed is taken. Ample opportunity is to be afforded to every man who desirea to sin, and the Coun cil of St. Louis promises the sinner immu nity from the only penalty which might deter him the penalty which God and Nature have enacted against immorality! It is unne cessary to nrge this consideration, because the scheme must prove a failure. There is no security for even the immunity offered. Alas for the courtesan! There is no legis lation which can moke her calling different from what it is now. From the moment she enters upon it, her Bteps must be downward into the pit of despair and death. Soon she passes that point beyond which there is hardly a hope. Kind voices may call to her, but she will not heed them; hands will be stretohed out to help her, but she will put them aside; prayers will be offered for her, but she will refuse to have them answered. Gradually the last traoes of gilded and meretricious pros perity disappear, and then come the pauper's death and the pauper's grave. Is not this a warning which every young woman still vir tuous should take to heart? THE WAY WE TREAT POLITICAL PRI SONERS. 1'rom the London Spectator. It is a sorry admission to be obliged to make, but it is the truth and we believe that the policy, no less than the duty, of those who seek to reooncile the people of England and the people of Ireland is to state the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, on all the questions at issue be tween them it is the truth then, we are soiry to say, that the complaints so angrily and persibtently made in Ireland for the last three years regarding the treatment of Fenian prisoners detained in English gaols have been, if not literally maintained, certainly in their substance justi- lied. Those statements, advanced in the House of Commons, by members of Parlia ment, and in memorials addressed to the Government by Irish municipalities, in the most formal and serious manner therefore in which such charges could be raised, have in variably been met by the Ministers especially responsible, and by the Prime Minister him self, with an indignant and categorical de nial. At last, however, on the occasion when Mr. Gladstone promised to "liberate" these prisoners in the event of a cessation of the agrarian disturbances which prevailed in three or four Irish coun ties last March, he also consented to the appointment of a commission to in quire into the charges brought against the prison officials. That commission has re ported; and its report justifies some of the worst charges advanced against the adminis tration. It is a simple matter of fact that in one case, the case of O'Donovan Rossa, pun ishment was carried to the extent of torture torture of a novel kind eertainly, but quite as brutal as the boot, and protracted with a vin dictive pertinacity unprecedented, we hope and believe, in this century on this side of the equator. Mr. Gladstone saw a great many shocking things in the prisons of Naples, and he reoorded them in terms and in a tone which thrilled the hearts of civilized men. But if it had been his lot to see one Italian prisoner, one of Poerio'a rougher and less cultivated comrades, who for an act of insubordination to bis gaoler, had, without further warrant than that offioials will, had his hands manacled behind bis back, except at the hour of meals and the hours of sleep.f or thirty. four continuous days, in what words would he not have painted that long agony of artificial paralysis and unmanning ignominy! How he would have described the exquisite torture of depriving a being made in God's image, for the coarse offense of a moment's fury, through more than one whole month in the full heat of the Neapolitan midsummer, of the use of bis hands, of the organs, tnat ls'to say, wnlcn, after his brain, are the most active, intelli gent, and indupensable agents of his life: Consider the iiicesfant aeries of services which the cunning of a man's hand renders to Lira in the coarse of one whole day, and then imagine the state of a man shut up alone in a cell for thirty-four successive days, and those the thirty-four hottest days of the year, with hands pinioned at the loins ! A man in such a state is at the mercy of the meanest insect in creation. The wasp may fasten on his eyelid, or the bug burrow in his ear, and he cannot help himself. If tears flow from his yes he cannot brush them off. The sense of personal filth, which is the sorest trial of prolonged and relaxing illness, is enforced on a man in the full vigor of an unusually robust constitution, at a time of the year when the air of a cell is like the air of an oven. Sup pose such a man to be Hudde"hly attacked with sickress, that he bursts a blood-vessel, that he has a fit, that he vomits violently, that he is seized by cholera, how is he to summon help? He may le too weak to cry so that his voice shall pierce walls and bars, or to ring the bell, if indeed a bll be provided, with his teeth. It is here that the spirit of torture, which origi nally suggested such a punishment as haud enflipg behind the back, most distinctly re veals itself. A man handcuffed in front would be equally seoured from doing violenoe to himself or others and for such a reason only, it is manifest, ought handcuff ing or the strait-waistcoat to be employed on the prisoners of a country protending to consider itself Chris tian and civilized but handcuffing in front does not reduce a man to such a condition that, where his state ia not like that of a cripple, it is more or less like that of a corpse. We wonder what may beoome the favorite attitude of a man whose hands are stropped behind his back for many hours a day, and many days together. The inge nious violence that is done to some of the most delicate and complex nerves, muscles, and vessels in the body is suoh that he can hardly escape incurring the liability to aneur ism, or anchylosis, or some form of paralysis. l'oerio was cnined. lint a man who is chained can at least lie down or sit down with tolerable ease. A man who is hand cuffed behind the baok can only lie down on his breast, and that in a form peculiarly in jurious to the action of the lungs and heart. Unless his cell happens to be purposely pro vided with a low stool, he cannot, we imagine, sit down without very great discomfort. Kneeling is of the few bodily adjustments possible to him, the one that, perhaps, can be longest endured, kneeling with one shoulder leaned against a wall, varied by walking backwards and forwards, and count ing the few possible paces, and trying to mul tiply them into miles; we dare say that is the way U Donovan Ivossa dodged mortal disease, and kept his reason during those thirty- four days. This miserable man was not a Minister of btate, like l'oerio, but he was. so far as the will of one of the greatest of the Irish shires could so make him, a member of the British Parliament. This charge of tor ture was made. It was denied again and again, but it was a true charge; and the peo ple of Tipperary marked then a sense of its truth by Bending the name of O'Donovan Rossa to the head of the poll at the next eleotian. This was a turbulent and ungracious manifestation of opinion, no doubt; but there was much more excuse for it than we thought at the time. That the provocation given by O'Donovan Rossa was of a very gross character, and that he was a most difficult subject to manage, need hardly be said. Prison discipline must be maintained over political offenders as well as over pickpockets. Flog, if necessary; if it be still more necessary, introduce martial law into our prisons and shoot. But let what ever punishment is inflicted on any man, however guilty or unworthy, who bears the character of a British subject, be a punish- 1 1 ' A . 1 ? 1 . menc according 10 me spirit as wen as tne letter of English law, and according to the custom of the courts oi the United King dom. If a polioe magistrate at Bow Street were to take it upon himself to order a thief thirty times convicted before him to be hand cuffed behind the back for thirty days, how long would the Chancellor allow suoh a magis trate to hold a seat on the bench ? Shall it be tolerated that the governor of a gaol is to use the power that is given to him for purposes of restraint until the punishment inflicted becomes by accumulation one of the most truculent forms of torture ever employed? If it be necessary, let us return to severer penalties; but let such methods of punish ment, even in regard to our Irish political prisoners, be inflicted only after an Act of Parliament has been passed for the purpose. We hanged the governor of an island for em ploying torture in the last century. Have we so degenerated as to allow the governor of a gaol to use it under Queen Victoria ? Unfortunately this case, though by far the worst, is not the only case in whioh charges brought against the administration of the prisons were substantiated to the satisfaction of the commissioners. The Governor at Port land, Mr. Clifton, charged O'Donovan Rossa, on the ground of an intercepted paper, "with an attempt to carry on a love intrigue by letter" with the wife of another prisoner. The paper in question was addressed to "Mrs. Mary Moore, for Mrs. O'D.," and was evidently intended forJO'DonovanRossa's own wife. The Governor, however, chose to regard the insertion of the words "for Mrs. O'D." as "a subterfuge," and took occasion to inform the prisoner Moore of the relations which he believed ex isted between O'Donovan Rossa and Mrs. Moore. The commissioners having gone into the case carefully at O'Donovan llossa'a request, hold him "clear from the imputation of any endeavor to carry on a love intrigue," and regret that the Governor acted under "misapprehension." They find, moreover, that the Governor neglected, until he was brought before them after an interval of four yeais, to compare the letter incriminated by bim with Mrs. O'Donovan Rossa's letter to which it was a reply. Had he done bo, they add, "buch a comparison oould not have failed to prevent him from harbor ing such a suspicion, or commu nicating it to others." It is well for Mr. Clfiton that he does not form suoh sus picions, and communicate them to others outside the walta of his gaol. Were he to do bo, be might find that his "misapprehension" might not be so lightly regarded by a jury of British hiiBbacda.iftln estimating O'Donovan Rossa's want of respect for the majesty which clothes the person of a British gaol-governor, we submit that this wholly unfounded charge apainst his moral character deserves some slight consideration. Who can wonder that 6iuh a charge should work like madness on the brain of Buch a man as this O'Donovan Rossa? In all that we read of him, we discern tbejelements of an essentially Southern tem perament a nature capable of sudden fits of fury, but not the less capable of generous' ard noble conduct. Had Mr. Glad stone met a lazzarone of such a type in the prajn at Naples, so tortured in the body and in the soul, manacled by the back for a ruonth, morally dishonored in the faoe of evi dence for four long years, he might well have enid,liJicct homo! Such is the manner of man such a system as exists in Naples naturally pre daces." A soft word had power to do with this dogged Irish rebel what manacles could never have done. Tho commissioners drily record that "n opportune appeal to his better feeiiDgs by Captain du Cane in Octo ber, 1808, proved more effectual than a long previous course of prison dinoipline: and, with one exception, in the December of that year, he bas not since been subjected to any further punishment." The commissioners, we regret to add, find that grave charges brought by other convicts against the administration of the prisons were well founded. They find that, having arrived at PentonvilTe in mid-winter, they were at once deprived of the flannels which they had been supplied with in the Irish prison from which they came. They report that O'Con nell, while suffering from disease of the aorta, or heart (medioal authorities differ on the point whether it is his heart or his aorta that is affected; but he is besides subject to "nervous paralysis of the head;" and ho has steadily declined in weight to the extent of twenty pounds since his imprison ment), was put on bread-and-water diet in close confinement seven times, being evidently "unfit touBdergosuch discipline." Five of this prisoner's letters were suppressed. The commissioners think the letters ought to have beeu forwarded, erasing such parts as the authorities consi dered objectionable. The prisoner Molcahy, a man of good family and remarkable talents (he was one of the principal writers of the frith l'eojle), while suffering from spitting of blood, was kept to hard labor at Portland; and the hard labor was etone dressing, but i. was also proved to involve the practice of carrying large slabs of stone on the back. After about three weeks of this work, the' spitting of blood ended in hemorrhage from the lungs. The commis sioners think that this prisoner was, on the whole, "not fit for hard labor." Muloahy, it is added, "was never reported for miscon duct, nor ever punished," unless, indeed, carrying slabH of stone on the back when a man ia spitting blood is to be considered pun ishment. In the cases of the other prisoners who came before the commissioners, some complaints were substantiated, some held not proven; but taking a general view of the whole report, we must not hesitate to say that tho case of the Fenian prisoners against the authorities has been, on the whole, established; that at least one of those prisoners was treated with a degree of barbarity which it is grievous to contemplate; that they were all subjected to inconsiderate and unnecessary severity; that the conduct of the officials incriminated by the report calls for further action on the part of the Government; that by some of these officials the Government was misled, so as to make untrue statements in Parliament; that the facts of the case, as revealed by the report, deprive the amnesty of the claim to be considered in any degree as "an act of pure clemency;" and that it is impolitic, and, indeed, impossible to maintain the principle, for the first time applied in the case of these prisoners, that political offenders should be submitted to the same usage as burglars and foot -pads. INSURANCE. DELAWARE MUTUAL SAFETY INSURANCE COMPANY. Incorporated by the Legislature of Pennsylvania, 1335. Office S. E. corner of TrtlRD and WALNUT Streets, Philadelphia, MARINE INSURA1SCE3 on Vessels, Cargo, and Freight to all parts of the world. INLAND INSURANCES on Goods by river, canal, lake, aatl laud carrlatro to all parts or the Union. FIKE INSURANCES on Merchandise generally; on Stores, Dwellings, Houses, etc ASSETS OF THE COMPANY, I-Joveinber 1, 1870. 1300,000 United States Six Per Cent Loan (lawful nionej) 1333, 3T5 00 200,000 State of Pennsylvania Six Ter Cent. Loan 214,00000 20O.CO0 City of Philadelphia Six Per Cent. Loan (exempt from Tax) 804,102-50 164,000 State of New Jersey Six Per Cent. Loan 163,020-00 20,000 Pennsylvania Railroad First Mortgage Six Per Ct. Bonds. 20,700-00 25,000 Pennsylvania Railroad Second Mortgage Six Per CC. Bonds. 25,250-00 25,000 "Western Pennsylvania Rail road Mortgage Six Per Cent. Bonds (Pennsylvania Rail road guarantee) 20,000-00 80,000 State of Tennessee Five l'er Ct. Loan 18,000-00 7,000 State of Tennessee Six Per Ct. Loan 4,200-00 12,500 Pennsylvania Railroad Com pany (250 Shares Stock) 15,000-00 5,000 North Pennsylvania Railroad Company (foo Shares Stock) . . 4,300-00 10,000 Philadelphia and Southern Mall Steamship Company (SOsh's Stock) 4.000-00 2C1.C50 Loans on Bond and Mortgage, tirst liens on City Properties.. 261,650-00 $1,200,150 Par. C'Bt, $1,204,447-31. M'ktV'l$l,2y3-557 00 Real F-HUte 66,000 CO Bills Receivable for Insur ances made 230,97127 Balances due at Agencies Premiums on Marine Policies Accrued Interest and other debts due the Company 93,375-47 Stock and txrlp, etc , of sun dry corporations, IJ9&0, esti mated value 3,91200 Casli 142,911-73 $1,820,727-97 DIRECTORS. Thomas C. Hand, .Samuel B. Stokes, John C. DavU, William a. Boulion. Kdmnnd A. Soudcr, Joseph II. Seal, James Traquatr, Henry Sloan, Henry C. lallett, Jr. James C. Hand, William C. Ludwlg, Hugh Craig, John D. Taylor, George W. Bernadou, Edward Darlington, II. Jones Brooke, Edward Lafourcade, IJacob Rlegol, .Jacob P. J ones, James B. McFarland, Joshua P. Eyre, Spencer Mcllvalne, John B. Semple, Pittsb'rg, A. B. Bt-rger, 1'ltwburg. D. T. Morgan, Pittsburg. wro. v. Houston, C 11. Frank Robinson. THOMAS C. HAND, President. JOHN C. DAVIS, Vlce-Pretiident. Henry Lylbi-hn, Secretary. Uknky Ball, Assistant Secretary. 8 1 11m F A M B INSURANCE COMPANY No. 809 CHESNUT Street INCOKPOHAT1D 1S5S. CHARTKH FEBPITCAX. CAPITAL $200,000. FIRE INSURANCE EXCLUSIVELY. Insurance against Loss or Damage by Fire either Perpetual or Temporary Policies. Charles Richardson, Robert Pearoe. William a. Knawn, J.'llJlani M. Seyfert, trim p. Smith, Nathan Utiles, John Kessler, Jr., Edward B. Orue, Charles Stokes. John W. Everman, Mordecal Busbv. George A. West CHARLES RICHARDSON, President. WILLIAM 1L RUAWN. Vlce-Preeltient. "Williams L Ulanc-uahd Secretary. 1 83i TAB ENTERPRISE INSURANCE Ctt OF PHILADELPHIA. Omce B. "W. cor. FOURTH and WALNUT Street, FIRE INSURANCE EXCLUSIVELY. PERPETUAL AND TERM POLICIES irSUBD. CASH Capital (paid np In full) iwo.oootto CASH Asseu, Dwucnibcr 1, 1370 $(j00 US-24 DIRECTORS, F. Ratchford Starr, J. Livingston Errlnger, Naibro Frailer, I James I Claghorn, John M. Atwood, Wm, it. Boultou, Benj. T. Tredick, 1 Charles Wheler, Ueorge H. Stuart, Thomas 11. Moutgomer John 11. Brown, 'James M. Aertoeu, . HATCH FORD STARR, President. THOMAS 1L MONTuoMERY, Vice-President. ALEX. W. W1STER, Secretary. JACOB K. PETERSON, AjulAtart Secretary. INBORANOEi lire, inland, and Marine Insurance INSURANCE COEIPANY or NORTH AMERICA, Incorporated 1701. CAPITAL $500,009 ASSET 8 January 1, 1871. .$3,050,538 Receipts of Premiums, 70 $2,096,154 Interests from Investments, 1S70.. 137,050 $J,13S,204 Losses paid In 1370 ."$L13894l STATEMENT OF THE ASSETS. First Mortgages on Philadelphia City Pro- T,Pp"y-- $34,9ft8 United Stales Government Loans 32.J IVunsylvaula State Loans 109 310 Philadelphia City Lo.ns . soo'ooo New Jeiey and ether State Loans and ' City Bonds 225.510 Philadelphia and Heading Railroad C., other Railroad Mortgage Bonds and . Loans S69,8 Philadelphia Bank and other Stocks 62,s 8h In Bank 281,011 Loans on Collateral Security 81,434 Notes receivable and Marine Premiums unsealed 43?,42e Accrued Interest and Peminra lu conre of transmlsfllon 8.1,801 Real estate, Office of the Company 80.000 $3,050,536 Certiorates of Insurance Issued, payable In London at the Counting House of Messrs. UHJWN, SHIP LEY & CO. AUTIII It U. COFI'lft, PBE3LDENT. C1IAKL.I2S PI. ATT, VICE-PRESIDENT. 1TIATTIIIAH MA RIM, Meeretary. V. II. HliliVEK, AMlntnnt Secretary. DIKKCTORN. ARTHUR Q. COFFIN, .FRANCIS R, COPE, SAMUEL W. JONES, EDW. H.TKOTTK1L KDW. a CLARKE, T. CHAKLTON HENRY. CHARLES TAYLOR, AMBROSE WHITE, WILLIAM WELSH, JOHN MASON. LOUIS C. MADEIRA, CH AS. W. CUSIIMAN. GEORGE L. HARRISON, CLEMENT A. URISCOM, WILLIAM. BKOCIilE. 11 Si 1829 CUAKTER PERPETUAL. IgJQ Frantlin Fire Insnrance Companj OF PHILADELPHIA. Office, Nos. 435 and 487 CHESNUT St. Assess Aug. lv'TDJS3v009f888a24 CAPITAL $400,00000 ACCRUED SURPLUS AND PREMIUMS. 8,009,883 -V4 INCOM B FOR 1ST0, LOSSES PAID IN 1M9. $810,000. $144,908-42. LoMHea paid since 1839 over $5.500,000. Perpetual and Temporary Policies on Liberal Terms. The Company also Issues policies npon the Renta of all kinds of Buildings, Ground Ronta, andMoxTo gages. Tho "FRANKLIN" has no DISPUTED CLAIM. DIRECTORS. Alfred G. Baker, Alfred Finer, Thomas Spark, William b. Grant. Thomas 8. Ellis, Gnstavus 8. Benson. Samuel urant, George W. Richard, Isaac Lea, George Falos, ALFRED G. BAKER. President. GEORGE FALES, Vice-President JAMES W. MCALLISTER, Secretary. 919 THEODORE M. REQER, Assistant Secretary. ASBURY LIFE INSURANCE GO. wew ironzi. LEMUEL BANGS, President. GEOltGE ELLIOTT, Vlce-Pros'tand 8ec'y. EMORY McCLINTOCK, Actuary. JAMES M. LONCACRE, MANAGER FOR PENNSYLVANIA AND DELAWARE, Office, 302 WAL3UT St., Philadelphia. H. C. WOOD, Jr., Medical Examiner. C 83 mwflm REV. S. POWERS, Special Agent. P 1 E 1 ASSOCIATION INCORPORATED MARCH IT, 1880. OFFICE, NO. 84 NORTH FIFTH STREET, INSURE BUILDINGS, HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE, APTS MERCHANDISE GENERALLY Frem Lobs by fire (In the City of Philadelphia only) AfcHETS.UANUAKY. 1, 1S70. C1.5? J,73 J' YKUMTEES. William H. Hamilton, John tiarrow, George L Yourag, Jos. R. Lyndali, T nnl TO I liuta Charles P. Bower, Jesse LilghUoot. Rotxtrt Shoemaker, Peter Arinbroater, m. lu me run son, Samuel Sparhawk, I Peter Williamson, Joseph E. Son all. WM. H. HAMILTON, President. SAMUEL SPARHAWK, Vice-President. WILLIAM F. BUTLER, Secretary THE PENNSYLVANIA FLUE INSURANCE COMPANY. Incorporated 1825 Charter Perpetual. No. 010 WALNUT Street, opposite Independence Square. This Company, favorably known to the commu nity for over forty years, continues to Insure against Iobs or damage oy tire on Public or Private Build ings, either permanently or for a limited time. Also on Furniture, Stocks of Goods, and Merchandise generally, on liberal terms. Their Capital, together with a large Surplus Fund, Is Invented In the most careful manner, which ena bles them to offer to the Insured an undoubted secu rity ia the case of loss. Danlel Smith, Jr., Thomas Smith, Henry Lewis, J. GUllngbam FolL Damel Haddock. isaao tiaiiienurDt, Thomas Koblua, John Devereux, Franklin A. Comly. DANIEL SMITH, Js., President. Wm. G. Cbowklx, Secrtury. 8 30 TwrimiAjTlriRB insurance oo., LOR DO If. KMTAIHJCtlKD ISO, r aid-op Capital and AeoamBlatad Fonda, 08,000,000 IN GOLD. PREVOST fc HERRING, Agenta, . Ho. 107 B. TLURD 8trt. PhlUdlphl. GUAR. K. PBKV08T OUAJL P. UKKRIHO W H IS K Y i WINE, ET Q. QARGTAIRQ A. McCALLo No. 126 Walnut tnd 21 Granite Cti IMPOKTEita OF Sr&ndiei, Winei, Oln, 0Ut Oil, Zia.: WUOLKSALH DKALEB8 IN PURE RYE WHI&KIEG, U BOKD AXD TAZ PAID. t) M
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers