fTTi r CD H H H J. VOL. XIV NO. 151. PHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 28, 1870. JJ0U15LE SHEET THREE CENTS. I FIBST EDITION The Terrible Fire at Richmond. THE RICH MOM) FIRE. Fall Fartleulara fram the Richmond Jeurnale f (he Bnrnlnn or the Mpotavraad llotel-A Keaaaraable riee of Heroism-Eacltlna rear nan Incident. The Richmond Dispatch of Monday, the 20th inf-tant, has the following: The fire fiend has again swept over our beau tiful city, leaving in Its trail half a block of buildings in the very neart oi ine city a neap oi smouldering ruins, while seven or more lives have boen forfeited to satisfy its burning rage. By this calamity the great Christmas festival has, to the eyes of the people of Richmond, been stripped of half of its accustomed joys, and sadne SB reigns this morning where so much of mirth and gayety was to be anticipated, in view of the favorite holiday of the South. THE 8POT9WOOD HOTEL ON FIRE. On the morning of Christmas day, at about 2 o'clock, Patrick Byrd, the night watchman at the Spotswood Hotel, was sent by Mr. Knowlcs, the night clerk, to call the women whose duty it is to scour the floors. Going upstairs he thought be detected the smell of smoke, and looking more carefully, presently he saw it curling from a fissure in the weather-boarding of the old wine-room, of late used as a pantry. The alarm was immediately given, and Mr. Knowles and Dr. Latham, of Lynchburg, running to the spot, tried to get in the room to extinguish the fire, but found it impos sible to get in without a key. Presently, how ever, the door was broken down, and the flames were seen crawling up the walls and licking the ceiliiiifwiih their fiery tongues. It was tod late for buckets of water, and a messenger was sent to sound the fire-alarm. Meantime the cry of fire was raised in the house, and the halls of the second floor were in a few minutes filled with ftightened, stupefied, half-clad people, throwing open tue doors and otherwise clearing the path of the fiery element. THE BUILDING IN FLAMES. Those who escaped say that in a space of time almost incredibly short the smoke had filled the whole house, and the flames made their way through the thin woodwork partitions with fear ful rapidity. The Fire Department, notwith standing the extreme cold, was on the ground with remarkable promptness, bnt the water could not be made so speedily available. In lees than half au hour fire was observed on every one of the five floors, and the passages were cbokiug with hot air and almost impalpa ble ashes. The scene w.is now one of indescribable terror. Men, women, and children were in the burning building, and all who were awake were striving to get out. With fire on every side and smoke blinding, suffocating smoke penetrating everywhere, this was no easv task to those not thoroughly acquainted with the landmarks. The screams and prayers of the panic-struck terrified the eelf-possef ed; the weak were either tram pled under foot on the narrow stairs or sank where they stood paralyzed by fear, waiting for relief. Fortunately, however, there were those within who retained their presence of mind, and those without bold enough to risk the danger to save a human life. So far as is known, all who left their rooms found means to escape, though with life alone; and there was no woman's cry for help or infant's wail of terror that did not bring a man to the relief. Most of those who lost their lives were awakened by finding the flames in their rooms, or remained in the vain hope of saving also their property. The floors began to fall, and all in the building then could not but perish. BELIEVED TO EE KILLED. It is a pleasure to say that the number of deaths was greatly exaggerated in the reports which flew about the city yesterday morning. The reality, however, is distressing indeed. Those who are believed on all sides to have leen killed are Samuel C. Ilines, Krasmus V. Koss, Samuel M. Jloblnson, and Mrs. Emily Kennealy. W. II. Pace and J. E. Farris are missing, and it is feared they are lost. These are persons all known to the people of Rich mond. It remains to be discovered what efrangers or other transient boarders were killed. The names of none have transpired. A MAKTYIl TO FRIENDSHIP. Captain Samuel C. Hlnes was a most estima ble and popular young gentleman, who came to Richmond several years ago from Caswell county. N. C. lie was a salesman in the whole sale dry goods house of Moses Millhiser, No. 911 Main street. He had been spending Christmas Eve with a party of gentleman friends, and returned to the hotel at about 1 o'clock. It is known that he came down stairs to beg some one to help him get Koss and Robinson out, they occupying rooms adjoining his own. The undertaking was so perilous that he could not procure any assistance, and, noble fellow that he was, he returned through the blinding smoke and flame to the attic, determined to 'make a final effort to rouse bis friend. He reached his room in safety, and was presently seen at the window crying and beckoning for help. In response bedding was placed below the window, and he was told to jump and he would be caught. But suddenly the flames burst forth from the very window where he stood, lie was caught in their scorching em brace, fell backward into the room, and was seen no more. In a few minutes afterwards the floor fell through. Poor Ilines has many mourning friends in his adopted city. We doubt if he ever had an enemy. Generous and charitable to a fault, he fell a sacrifice upon the altar of friendship. He could not save a brother Knight of Pythias, but attempting it, dared the danger and lost his life, ile was a member of Old Dominion Lodge. No. -4, Knights of Pythias. In respect to his memory . the supper of Old Dominion Lodge, which was ' W U.IO MlftCU VU A UvDUmjt 1! 4 L. L, UUD LCvU indefinitely postponed. CNS, INCIDENTS, AND NARBOW ESCAPES. Captain D. W. Bobannon was so fortunate as to be among those who escaped with life. At 10 o'clock he retired to his room on the fourth floor, ile was awakened at about 2 o'clock by some one Bursting into nis room ana exclaim ing, -For God's sake, Captain, get out of this. if yoc want to save your life." He sprang out oi tCL ana put on a tew articles ot ciotcincr. The man who waked him asked, "Can I help you r ana receiving an answer in tne negative, left. Captain Bobannon think this was Mr. Hlnes, who was afterwards lost in attempting to save a friend. The Captain, having got into his coat and pants, picked up a bundle of clothes, and wrapping his cloak around his face, ran down stairs tnrougn tne names and smoke, arriving at the main entrance almos'teuffocated. Had he not been perfectly familiar with the cocrte of the stairs, ha must have blundered and been lost. Mr. C. A. Hckaffter, of Lynchburg, Superin tendent or runiic muting, naa a narrow escape. He heard the roar of the advancing ilaines, and first thought It the noise of a Christmas frolic. but presently smelling fire and hearing an alarm,opened the door to see the passage full of smoke. Realizing that bis retreat by the ordi nary avenue was cut off, he slammed the door to And opened the window. Some in the crowd urged hha to jump, others nrged him to wait for help, lie aeterinioea to au ueuuer. uui won chance equally as hazardous. Climbing out of tha window of his room he clang by the hands to the sill aiid jumped (miraculous as it may teem) to the window below, alighting on the bill of that ana holding last by the cornice, lie waa now on the third floor, and Intended to try ite Mice plan to t lower, but a Jaddtr W6 now brrnght to bis aid and he descended in safety. His beard was singed and bis hands badly cut by glat s. J. E. iSatkins and Edward Swcctman are Assistant Inspectors of Gas. It is a part of their duty to attend all fires, cut. oil the gas, and save the meters, which are of value to the city. In the performance of this duty, they were promptly at the scene of the fire yesterday morning, and having saved the 100-light meter, worth about $75, they went to the rear, and havisg gained access to the cellar, went for ward to the vault under the pavement to save the 10-light meter. While they were there, the floors of the hotel suddenly fell in with a crash. and their retreat was entirely cut oft. There was an immense cloud of smoke, and the flames seemed about to swallow them. In ten minutes they would probably have been suffocated or burnt to death, when one found the grating in the pavement above, and poked his fingers through. Fortunately, somebody's attention was thereby attracted, and the grate being lifted, both were drawn out alive. Captain Rives Hoffman, conductor on the Petersburg Railroad, and Mr. Archer, express messenger, occupied a room together. A shuck mattress was spread on the pavement below. and they were told to jump; but thinking the provision lor tneir reception too slight, they adopted the pl:in of making a rope by tying the sheets together. By this means they were enabled to reach the ground without sustaining any injury. wr. Artnur tegar, memoer ot tne uouse ot Delegates, had a room in the fifth story, and was awakened by the smell of fire. He got down stairs somehow or other, but was minus coat. hat, and shoes. He sustained no personal in jury. Air. .bidnrtgc, 01 cw lorK (a friend of Gov ernor Walker's), was on one of the higher floors, lie had in nls room a valise containing 1700 in money and a check for f 1000. Taking this in his hand, he wrapped a blanket about his face and tried to escape by the stairs, but was driven back by the threatening flames, lie then gave up all hope of saving his money, and, dropping tne valise and blanket, succeeded lit ;etting out 01 the window by aid of a painter s adder. On the fifth floor there were more children than in any other part of the hotel, and it seems almost miraculous that any of these escaped, when strong men like Robinson, Mines, and Ross perished. Here were the families of the proprietors, Messrs. Sublett, Luck, and Bishop. These gentlemen, with their wives and little ones, without exception, got out before a single floor fen, and escaped serious Imury. .Mr. Luck was afterwards badly scorched in attempting to get the papers out of the olllce. It is not known that any children were lost. If so, they were the children of transient boarders. THE LESSON TO HE LEARNED WHAT HOTEL- KEEPERS SHOULD DO. There is a lesson to be learned from this cala mity from which profit may be gained. It is a notorious fact that in the large hotels in this and other cities the only employes awake at 9 o'clock in the morning are on the lowest (oflice) floor of the house. In the four or five floors above, containing, probably, 150 rooms, there is not a servant or watchman of any sort awake. The silent rooms are filled with several hundred Bleeping and, therefore, utterly helpless guests. A fire breaks out, and the wooden staircases and slight room partitions go off like tinder. It Is utterly impossible for the two or thiee employes awake to arouse the sleeping guests on the four or five floors above, and the appal ling spectacle is exhibited of burning men and women shrieking for help from windows that cannot be reached. There are no lire escapes, no means in man's power by which they can be saveu. inere snouia oe a wntenman on every floor, and a roundsman to see that they are awake. If a hotel is doing any business, it can can afford this outlay to save human lite, and if they cannot, why then the pit of death should be closed. It is useless to say that these dis asters are so infrequent that such precautions would be exaggerated care. This is not so. On Thursday night la6t a hotel in St. Louis burnt, and on Friday night Rutherfurd Park Hotel, in New Jersey, was burnt, and Saturday night the Spotswood. In one of the first-named hotels two guests were burned to death. We guarantee to inform the public of the first hotel proprietor who is humane enough to insure the life of his guett6 by proper care, and we think we may also guai an tee that he will have more guests to insure. ri.tAUCE AJI COH.IIGRCL. Evening Telegraph Office,) Wednesday, Deo. 28. 1x70. J There is an unrufiled apathy In general trade, usual at this period of the year, but increased by the change in the tariff, which goes into effect on January 1 prox. The money market is stringent, though not active, and some fears are entertained that this feature will be in creased by artificial means. The bonds of 1871 are now being prepaid without rebate, the amount thus to be disbursed being 14,000,000 in the aggregate. Both the gold and currency in terest on the United States bonds are also being prepaid from to-day, the aggregate amount fall ing due being 38,600,000 in coin and 2,000,000 in currency. From this outflow from the Trea sury, it will be ditllcult to bring about any severe stringency, and the market will probably rule easy. Rates are unchanged. Gold is quiet and steady, with sales ranging from llOJfii llOXi ciosing at the latter. Governments are more active at a further ad vance The Stock market was moderately active, but prices were sngntiy on. btate and city loans were dull, with small sales of the latter at O'.iJ for in w sixes. Reaumg Railroad sold freely, opening at49V and declining to 48. b. o. Pennsylvania was strong, selling at C2,'S'G:J;, the latter b. o. Small sales of Camden and Amboy at 1181. a decline. 50 was bid for Mluehill; 37 for Catawissa preferred; and 3o for Philadelphia uuu eric. PHILADELPHIA STOCK EXCHANGE SALeS Reported by De Haven A Bro., No. 40 S.Thlrd street. FIRST BOARD. 200 City Ci, New. . I 250 m penna R..18. 62'i a uiii.... vv'i 4ui ao.. . 18. C. f400 do Cap. 9',i 40 do 62 tWO do.... OA p. 19 'il 800 do.. 1 104) do... d bill. 98 81 do.. ..b30. fftOOOPoAB 7s.b60. 89 .IB. Ui-4 10 sh Reading R. 4f li tccoo do bso. bb.vi 10 11600 C A A m 6s, 89 100 do... d bill 4V do C.48'94 in (Otic.. 94 100 6000 do 95 i 600 jo sh Cam A Am It 118 V 100 2O0sn Seh Nav..ls. 7 V oo do bCO. 49 do fa. 49 do 2d. 4S' do bio, 48 K 200 do ia. 73! iooshLehNav..b5. SJtf 111 so bco n r.uao. lsjg' BETWEEN BOARDS IbOO City es. New 36USUN Y A Mid.. 6V opg 100 $26000 Am Gold Ill ine shBchN Pf. 05. MX 2)0 sh HeBtonville.. 143t sshLeh Vlt.d b. 69 SO do d b.Is. 6S SfchCam AmRliev 100 bq Caia Prf 87)j 2usnKeaa..a bin. 4', 600 dO..ls.bS0.4S'94 1 do. ,..d b. 49', 300 600 da. .b3. y, do.. B6Aln.48-6l u sb Penna Kit.. 8 do. loo do. 11 do. .'b30'. ..is. ttiosh 1Mb N..bso. S3 SECOND BOARD. tab Read. .d bill. 9',' 100 fcli oeean Oil 3 do...d bUl. 49',' I 44 Nabs fc ladnir, Urocsrt, report tni morning uoia qaomuona aa lunuwa WOO A. It 110? 11-43 A. M 110?; ll-ao " 110;i lx Ox JU in 11-42 " Ill I Dal tl mare Prdue Market. Baltimors, 1x3. its. Cotton dull and nominal middling uplands, i6yc;low middlings, 14 ',c l loor orui and in good demand. W neat in fair de- uiand, and price entirely unchanged, except Ohio and Indiana, winch are quoted at f k-3601-46. Corn firm and active; wane, waiho.; yellow. 73(3740, u active at 64(,b6& Ufa Uroi . Siva two. ProvU 1 lions Receipts light, and nothing doing except a limited jobbing irauv, no 101a cuangsd uanaa, ana . (mutinous are nominal. Mesa rora at iw: naeon, . clear atlc; suoulders at I0'.c. ; toama at)i SECOND EDITION WAR NEWS BY CABLE. The-Franco-Prussian War. The Question of Peace. France will KTever Surrender. DOMESTIC AFFAIRS. The Fire Fiend yet Unappeased. FROM EUROPE. A French Cabinet Mlnlnter on the Pence dues- MOD. Bordeaux, Dec. 23. (Special to the New York Herald.) A correspondent interviewed Cbadourdy, French Minister of Foreign Affairs, who is trying to make peace. He said he thought peace was still distant, as to accept the Prussian terms would reduce France to a third rate power. Scarcely a man in France, rich or poor, wan willing to allow the government to give up any territory. Arms are plenty. We have offers of more than we can use from Eng land alone. Three months ago it was difficult to excite patriotism; now the only trouble is to get the people to be patient. France is now struggling for existence. If she is crushed England will feel the loss more than any other country. England cannot dream of the consequences if she should allow France to be exterminated. Russia will then do what she pleases in the East and Prussia In the West. England, without a single ally, will cease to be long to the family of European nations, and will also be reduced to a third-class power. Cha dourdy therrspoke in terms of deep indignation of the ingratitude of Italy, and intimated that a day of reckoning would surely come for that cowardly nation. He closed by stating that the new levies in the south and southeast wi re pro ceeding with success beyond expectation. FROM MEW YORK. Destructive Fire. New Yokk, Dec. U8. Early this morning a fire occurred in the dwelling-house occupied by Sigismund Stetshelmer, West Forty-ninth 6treet. Loss on furniture and building, f 15,000; fully msured. The fire was caused by a defective flue. Hudson, N. Y., Dec. 28. A fire at Valatie this morning destroyed the United State Hotel and adjoining buildings, occupied by Mr. Hewitt as a dwelling and saloon, Van Alstyne's dwelling and saloon and the bams of Messrs. Faton, Sharp, and Hewitt. Loss, t30,000. In surance, ill, 000. uoid nid. New York, Dec. 28. There were twenty-two bids for gold to-day,amounting to about i3,3') ,. OCO, at from 11012 to 110 90. The awards will be 1,000,000 at from 110 T to 110 90. New York money and Ntoclc market. Nbw York, Dec. 'is Stocks weak and declined ',0. Money easy at 7 per cent, currency and 7 gold, tiold, llOWUO'g. 6-208 of 18C3, coupon, 107', ; do. 194, do., 107; do. 1865, do. 10J; do. 1805, new, lOOvj; do. 1867, 109 ; do. 1863, 110 ; 10-403, 10(5 'i ; Virginia 6s, new, 63; Missouri 6s, 92; ; Canton Co., CO; Cum berland prererreo, ua; is. x. uentrai and Hudson Kiver, 90; Brie, 231., ; Heading, 97)rf ; Adams Ex press, 64 v; Michigan Central, 115; Michigan Southern, 91 V ; Illinois Central, 133 ; Cleveland and Pittsburg, 103 i : Chicago and Hock Island, 103; l'ittsimrtr and Fort Wayne, 92.V, Western Onion Telegraph, 45ji. New York Produce market. Niw York, Dec. 2a Cotton dull and drooping ; sales 1500 bales at 15c. Flour a sbade firmer; sales 10,000 barrels State at (5-306-60; Ohio at fd-10 (0 60 ; Western at V-30i 6-90. Wheat quiet but firm ; sales 35,000 bushels new spring at 11-44; winter red and amber AVestern at 11-46(31-49; and white Michi gan at f 1-55. Corn scarce and advanced lm 2c. ; sales 48,000 bushels new mixed Western at 73.iue. oats firm ; sales 27, 000 bushels Ohio and Western at 60t 6W. Beef steady. Pork firm: new mess, 120-23 020-37; old, VJ-t0. Lard firm; steam, lM,l2'4'e.; kettle, lac. Whisky firm at btic THE MISSISSIPPI DISASTEl'. Incidents mt the Mlnlilnc of the Nick Wall Culpability ef the UIHcera-The Boat Over laden. Every fre6h detail confirms the culpability of the officers in overloading the steamer Nick Wall, which snagged last week in the Mississippi river. It seems that when the steamer reached Memphis she was laden beyond her capacity, but the officers controlling her consented to an addition of 00 deck passengers with their freight and luggage. At a consequence the boat was man agedwiththegreatestdiliiculty, and several times narrowly escaped disaster before she ran on the snag which sunk her. 80 heavily was the boat laden, and so conscious were the officers of her danger, that whenever another boat approached the Wall remained motionless, so that the return waves might "not jar the vessel too much." At about 8 o'clock in the evening the vessel ran on a snag, and in a few minutes thereafter sank, drowning at least one hundred people, and seriously injuring a large number of others. Very many who might have been saved leaped from the deck in the frightful uncertainty of the shock. Many of the Ill-fated victims Eeem to have bad a dUmul foreboding of the coming catas trophe. As the night came on the sky was overcast with dense threatening clouds, and the rain soon fell in torrents. At the moment of disaster a number of passengers had determined to ask the captain lo have the steamer to 'lie to" till morning. All were conscious of danger, and many refused to retire to their berths. The boat was towed by the Seminole to Marylaud Landing, where she remained till daylight, when she broke away from her moorings and drifted a mile or two down the river to a bar, where she now lies. Much of the freight, wagons, etc., on the roof has gone into the river, but much of the cargo will be saved in a damaged condition. The scene ia the cabin of the Beminole, when a score of bodies of the dead were placed on the cabin floor, and the anxious crowd was gathered on either side inspecting closely the features of those who lay stiff, stark, and cold in death, each of the living fearing to find among the corpses that of 6ome friend or rela tive, beggared description. And yet if the Seminole, like other steamers on that dark, tempestuous night, had stood still to await the coming day.few of those on beard the Wall would have escaied death. The pilot of the Seminole, at some distance below, saw the stove in the pllot-hotue of the Wall overturned when she struck the snag, and toon saw the headlight of the snagged steamer moving, downward as the boat careened. These incidents caused the Se minole to be steered directly toward the Wall. The wreck was reached lust in time to save all who remained . alive on board, and all wto did jtoi leap In terror Icto tie wlf r. TI1IKD EDITION AFFAIRS AT THE CAPITAL. The Revenue Reform Party. Subsidizing Steamship Lines. The Result in Georgia. Cause of the Republican Defeat. News from the West. Etc : Etc. Etc.. Etc., Etc FROM WASniXOTOX. The Reform movement. Sptcial Dei patch lo tht JSvtning I'tlegraplu Washington, Dec. 28. It is understood that a secret meeting of the revenue reform Kcpnbli licans will be held in New York this week, for the purpose of consulting as to what action shall be taken about the organization of the next House. A number of members elect, as well as several members of the House from the West, will attend the meeting. Steamship Bubeidlea. The President is beinir urged by the steam ship interests to recommend Congress to aid in the establishment of a European line of steam ers, the bill for which has been introduced by Bchenck in the House and Ramsey in the Senate. While he is in favor of general subsidy for the Jtevival of Amerlcna Commerce, he is understood to be opposed to any special legislation for particular companies. The Republlcnn Defeat In Georsln. A member of the National Republican Com mittee who has just returned from Georgia, where he went to look after the late campaign, sajs that the State went Democratic through the apathy of the Republican loaders. Gover nor Bullock and Foster Blodget, it is alleged, were both interested in having a Democratic Legislature, lor the reason that it secures Blodcett as 8enator from the 4th of March next. as the new Legislature does not meet until after that date. The Alabama Clalma. Farties holdins: larire amounts of Alabama claim now here, are opposed to the Govern ment assuming the responsibility for those claims as recommended bv the President in his message, as they fear that they will fare in the same manner as the owners of the French spoliation claims which were assumed by the Government, and never paid private claimants. The New York Poet Olllce. Despctch to the Associated Presi. Washington, Dec. 28. It is saidahat the Committee of Appropriations are satisfied with the character of the work and the manner of building the New York Post Office, and opera tions will be resumed as soon as the weather will permit. Congress will doubtless soou amply provide money for that purpose. The Hoow which commenced falling early this morning is now about three inches in depth, and there is sleighing for the first time this season. The Mew MwedUh minuter was Introduced to the President this morning by Secretary Fish, and presented his creden tials. The usual addresses of friendship and gratulation were made. Ilonorablr DIschnrKed. Lieutenant Burnett E. Miller, unaligned, has by direction of the President been honorably discharged from the arm-. Honor to Bureau Officers. The President has for the first time recog nized the bureau officers of the Government among those to be received by him on Monday next. This is considered by them as compli mentary, and therefore affords much grati fication. FROM T II E WEST. Death of an Aged mason. Cincinnati, Dec. 28. Samuel Read, the oldest member of the Masonic body in the West, died yesterday in Covington. Fire In Arkansas. 8t. Louis, Dec. 28. Advices from Fort 8mith, Ark., says that a brick block in that city, known as the officers' quarters, was burned on the 20th instant. It was occupied by Major Thiebald, commandant of the post, with his family and the families of several other officers. Loss, 150,000. Dayton, O., Dec. 28. General Hchenck will resign his present seat about the 10th of January, and has taken passage for England on the 18th. No election to fill the short vacancy is likely to ordered. ile will not return home before sailing. His daughter, Miss Sally Schenck, will accompany him, his other two daughters following in April. Mr. Morgan, Secretary of Legation at London, will remain at London. A snow storm prevails to-day. Fatal Affrar. Cincinnati, Dec. 28. Robert Alexander was killed by James Wickersham, at llarrodaburg, Ky., on Saturday. Wiekersham, when pursued by officers, offered resistance and was shot several times and dangerously wounded. FROM JVEW EJVGLdXD. Dastardly Outrage. Providence, Dec. 28 Jonathan Crandell, a bank watchman in Westerly, R. I., was ap proached by two suspicious looking strangers at one o'clock this morning, when one of them shot him through the head. The village was alarmed, but the ruffians tied. A set of bur glar's tools were found this morning under the piatiorm 01 me aepot. IIGHTTIIR0UG1I THE ALPS. Completion of the Great Moat Cenla Tunnel tn he Meeult of Tweatr Year of Labor The Eoalaeerlnc Triumph mt the Ace. A despatch from Kusa says the Alps were pierced through on Monday, and the workmen from both ends of the Mont Cenis Tunnel joined in congratulations upon the completion of toe great work. The work on the great tunnel, which had been talked of for over a quarter of a century, was actually begun in 1857, on the Italian side, at Bardonneche. A little later ope rations were begun on the French Bide, at Four neaux. The tunnel passes under the three peaks called Col Frejus, Mt. Grand Vallon, and the Col de la Roue, the first being on the French, the third on the Italian slope, and the second almost equi distant between the two. Mont Cenis, from which it takes its name, is 17 or 18 miles from the French entrance, and more than 20 from the Italian entrance, but it probably enjoys the honor of the tunnel's baptism from the fact that it is mnch better known than any of the summits or ranges of the neighborhood. HOW THE WORK WAS ACCOMPLISHED. The work on the Italian side was continued for four years, when, about 1000 yard having tttn tcitp.'tttd, tie peroratiBc machinee were brought into requisition. The ordinary motive power, steam, could not be employed In opera ting the e machines, as steam needs fire for its generation, and fire needs air for its support. After long deliberation and countless experi ments, compressed air was employed. The machine is composed of seventeen or eighteen iron tubes, in whieh, by a vibrating motion caused by the rise and fall of water, and regulated by pistons in the tubes, the air is com pressed to one-sixth its natural bulk. This when released exercisers an expansive force equal to that of six atmospheres. As the piston ascends it forces the water up, compressing the air and driving it into a reservoir; as it descends a valve Is opened near the top, through which the air rushes into the vacuum, and la in turn compressed and forced into the reservoir. From the reservoir a large iron pipe conveys the compressed air into the tunnel. Ten of these perforators were kept constantly at work. The drills working by the compressed air were kept constantly boring the rock at the rate o nine feet a day. The perforators were not lnf troduced into the tunnel at Fourneaux, on th French side, until 1S3, two years after they had been in nse on the Italian side. TI1E ENTRANCE TO THE TUNNEL is 25 feet wide and as many in height. During the progress of the work, a double railway track ran into the tunnel, canying the imple ments and the stone for the mason work and bringing out the fragments of broken and blasted rock. A temporary wooden partition divided the tunnel into two equal galleries, above and below; the rarified air from the lower gallery rising and passing out through the upper, and fresh air coming into the lower to supply its place. For some time after the work was begun; visitors were admitted at all times, but as the work progressed, stricter rules were adopted, and permission was given to inspect the work only on two fixed days of the month. The visitor is taken in charge by the director of the workmen, who gets him a long india-rubber coat and a lighted lamp attached to half a yard of wire, and with these they set out upon their journey. INTO THE BOWELS OP TUB EARTH. After going some distance the patch of day light furnished by the entrance is lost sight of, and the darkness seems positively tangible. Ahead through the blackness glimmer a number of lights, and the rumbling sounds of the wagon carrying out the debris Is heard. Then comes a dull, heavy rumble, echoinfr and re-echoinc through the gallery, and seeming to shake the mountain from base to summit. It is the sound of an explosion. One follows another in rapid (uccesslon, and, after seven or eight, the wooden doors, which are closed just before the blast, are thrown open, and clouds of yellow smoke come pouring through the tunnel in such density and volume as to lie positively painful. At the time of the completion of the tunnel the workmen from the Italian side had bored 4J miles into the moun tain, and those from the French side about 3 miles, the whole distance being 7 4-5 miles. FOUR MILES FROM THE OUTER WORLD, and with more than a mile of Alps towering above their heads, the visitors find the men and machines at work. The drills make two hun dred revolutions a minute, and scatter innu merable sparks of fire from the rock. After about ninety holes, three feet in depth and two to three inches in diameter, are bored, they are charged with powder and tamped, when the miners withdrawing behind the wooden doors the slow match is ignited, and the explosion takes place. So the labor has continued with out interruption, day and night, week after week, including Sundays, month after mocth, year after year. The workmen were divided into three reliefs, eight hours being given to labor and sixteen to rest. JThe coauion laborers received only three francs a day, and the skilled but live francs. TIIE CASUALTIES. Of course, in such a work innumerable acci dents must happen. It has been told that more than 1000 workmen have lost their lives up to 1870; but the guides and directors declare that not more than fifty or sixty had been killed outright, though a number of others had been seriously wounded. Most of the accidents have occured on the railway, from the falling of rock and from premature explosions. One pre mature explosion killed two men and wounded nine others, three of them fatally; and one rock falling crushed three men to death. It is not improbable, therefore, that during the twelve years in which the work has been going on at least 1000 men have lost their lives. The cost of the tunnel has been about 1 70.000,000 francs. TnE FRENcn Bazaar The French Bazaar at Concert Hall will close to-morrow evening, and we hope that the public of Philadelphia will patronize it liberally in the mean time. To morrow evening, at 8 o'clock, there will be a vocal and instrumental concert, to which the admission will be twenty-five cents. A fine en tertainment may be expected, and we hope there will be a large attendance, so that the bazaar may close in handsome style. This bazaar is held for a most worthy object, and if a large sum is realized by it, many a poor fellow in France will have cause to bless the kindly sympathy in Philadelphia that contributed to his relief. Philadelphia Trade Iteport. Wkhnesdat, lec 29. The new hall of the Com mercial Exchange ia now open, and the attendance to-day was unusually large, notwithstanding the unfavorable weather. There Is a good demand for Cloverseed, and fur ther sales are reported at ll'.llc. lb. Timothy and Cloverseed are In small supply and rem n as last quoted. There is rather more demand for Flour from the home trade, but shippers are not operating to any extent. Sales of lluo barrels, Including superfine at 14 8fi(g4 62X ) barrel; extras at 11-755-12, ; Iowa, Wisconsin,; and Minnesota extra family at 5-75 (6-62; Pennsylvania do. do. at fi5s &0; Ohio and lndlaua do. do. at tk.T-85, and fancy at 17 87tfa8. Rye Flour sells at f viscga-tts. 400 barrels Brandy wine Corn Meal sold on secret terms. There la a fair market for Wheat, and further sales of isoo bushels were made at l -40i-4, and amber at r47l-48 ) bushel. Rye Bella at 3S$90o. tor Pennsylvania and 800. for Delaware. Corn Is very quiet, with sales of 2000 bushels at 7ti.J7e. for new yellow, and 75c. for high mixed Western. Oats are firm, with sales of Pennsylvania and West ern at M(i66C Whisky fa unchanged; sales of Western Iron- bound at xc. ana reiinnyivania wooq at inc. llATESf'SUIPPWUlSTEijlGEisr For additional Harine Seat see Inside Pages. PORT OF flllLADKLPlIlA DECEMBER 28 BTATB Or THIRlfOM BTOR AT THJ BVINIXO TKLBGRAFB OKKICB. 8 A. M 42 I 11 A.M. 42 2 P. M. 47 ARRIVED THIS MORNING. Steamship Hunter, Harding, 84 hours from Provi dence, with ciilse. to D. b. bietson A Co. Scbr Kdith May, Hlpgins, fin New Yorlt, with sa'.t. Schr Eugene, Curtis, from Egg Harbor. MISOKLLANY. Steamer Fairbanks, Howe, fm Wilmington, N. C, 17th Inst., for New York, with a cargo of cotton and naval stores, was totally destroyed by tire ltn Inst, at Halter as Inlet. N. C. ; all bands saved. Captain Howe states that he put Into U at t eras Inlet on the morning of the 19th for a harbor, a heavy gale pre vailing outside, and shortly after tire waa discovered Issuing from under the cabin floor, and spread with such rapidity, awing to the combustible nature of the cargo, that the crew were compelled to harry over the side, saving but a small portion of their effects. The Fairbanks was built at Dumbarton, Scotland, in lfbtf, waa 4 ton burthen, and owned by the Lorillard Steamship Company, of New York. Vessel and cargo Insured. Her cargo consisted of 4K bales cotton, 94 bbia. turpentine, 891 bbls. rosin, el aushela peaDQts, and 81 pkgs. dried fruit. Schr William Walton, Hunter, from Philadelphia for Hoaton, at Holmes' Hole 24tu hut., lost head of foremast and furetopaiaat. FOURTH UDITION LATER FROM EUROPE. A Great Battle at Havre. The Result yet Uncertain. AFTERNOON WASHINGTON NEWS. Grant and the Swedish Minister. Speech of the President. Few More Fires. EtC.t Etc., Etc. Etc.. Etc I ROM EUROPE. Gen. Chanzv Denlea Unvlnc Been Defeated. London, Dec. 28 General Chanzy com plains bitterly of the conduct ot the Prussians. He denies having been defeated, and avows his intention of taking revenge for the vandalism of the enemy. St. Calais, in the Department of the Sarthe, twenty-six miles from Le Mans, has been visited by the Prussians, who left the town after a requisition upon the inhabitants. It is said Bourbakl la fflevln with Lis army to the eastern portion of France to operate against General Werdcr. The Bnvarlan Treaties. MrnKE, Dec. 28. The Bavarian House of Deputies has rejected the Federal treaties, with a view to obtaining an improvement in the ' terms. London, Dec. 28 A despatch from Havre states that there has been intense excitement consequent upon a battle going on since the 2Gtb in that neighborhood. The first important struggle between the French troops in this de partment and the Prussians occurred on Satur day morning at daybreak. For days the fight had been expected, and although yet without decisive results, It is regarded as a valuable ex perience in proving the efficiency of the artil lery and capacity of the Mobiles and tireuri to encounter regular troops. The 1ateat Quotations. London, Dec. 28 12 M. Consols opened at 57i for money and account. Bonds quiet; O-aosof 186J, 89H; Of 1865, 88tf; Of 11867, K7i; 10-408, ST,. Stocks quiet; firle, 20; Illinois Central, ivi: Great Western, 28x LiveRrooi., Dec 2812 M. Cotton opened quiet and steady; uplands, 8.d.; Orleans, bd. Sales estimated at 12,000 bales. London, Deo. 2812 M. Calcutta Linseed, I0s,($ IDs. Id. FROM WASULYGTOJV. ' Itecfptlenof the Nwedlah minister. LtsjHiUh to the Associated rrts. . Washington,; Dec. 28. Mr.'Olaf sternersien was to-day presented to the President by Secretary 1'ish and made the followinar speech : Mr. President: I have the honor to present to your Excellency the royal letters which accredit me in the quality of Lnvoy Extraordinary and Minis ter Plenipotentiary of his Majesty the King of Swe den and Norway, my august sovereign, near the United States of America. In place of liaron Wei stadt, whose letter of recall I have the honor at the tame time to deliver to your Excellency. I beg j our Excellency to believe that In the exer cise of my new functions the constant object of my efforts will be to maintain and draw closer the bonds of friendship which so happily exist between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway; and I shall think myself happy if in laboring to this end I can succeed ia meriting your l.xcellency'a confidence. " Speech ef the President. The President replied as follows: Chevalier: I am happy to receive you as the di plomatic representative of a sovereign with whom the United States have always maintained and de sire uniformly to preserve the most friendly and cordial relations. It Is to be hoped that you may tiDd your above here agreeable, and you may he 8hb u red that nothing shall be omitted on my part to wards contributing to so desirable a purpose. FROM NEW YORK. Fire In Fallen Htreet. New York, Dec. 28 The buildings Nos. 105,. 107. and 109 Fulton street were damaged in the upper stories by fire this morning. The princi pal occupants were Farrell & Son, Joseph Laing, and U. Phelffer. Loss, 1 15,000; inbured. Advance In Freight Charges. An advance of ten per cent in the rates of freight to the Weft has been put into effect. (General ftlcClellan's Usute Buries. New Yokk, Dec. 28. The residence of General McClellan. at Llewellyn Park, N. J., waa burned last evt-Diog. Ions, 140,000. The family was In thia cits for the winter, and the house was unoccupied. FROM THE SO UTU. Theatre Burned In Memphis. Mimtbis, Dec. 28. Broom's Varieties, on Jefler- on street, was oorneu eariy mis morning. The building, wardroaea, scenery, etc., were entirely destroyed , supposed accidental. The loss U 1 10,000. Hulelde. Jack Downes, formerly Deputy Sheriff, suicided last night by itiychnlne. Poverty was the cause. Tha lea Is still running heavily and the weather ia morie rtUng fast. . FROM NEW EJYGL.LYD. Ship News. Boston, Dec. 28 Arrived, steamship Sama ria, fromlLlverpool. The brig Anna D. Torrey, Captain Curtis, from Pensacola for Boston, parted her chains last night and drifted ashore on the beach near Truro. Bhe will have to dis charge her deck load to get off. FROM THE WEST. Railway Aeoideat. Ci BVEI.AND, Dec. 28. The mail train on the Allan tic and oreat Western Kallrsad which left Meadvillu about 10 o'clock this morniuf, olug west, rano.ta trestle bridge a few miles wei of that city. An emi grant car waa overturned, aud one person la re ported tilled and twenty or thirty wounded. The new cattle disease has become qui to prevalent in the western part of Litchfield county, Connecticut. Governor English baa taken measures to have it ''stamped out." Ludger Arpin, a young man who was ac cused of having murdsred Morse Tremblay, a rUal in the affections of a young lady at 6t. Join's, Canada, was tried a tew days ago and acquitted. The evidence, whieh was entirely circumstantial, showed that Arpin had laid in wait for Tremblay, and that he had shot him while on hit way home from the Louse of lit young laity.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers