EYEI MM H VOL. XIV NO. 50. PHILADELPIIIA, MONDAY, AUGUST 29, 1870. DOUBLE SHEET THREE CENTS. JUL U , L J o FIRST EDITION THE WAR IN EUROPE. The Latest Situation. Deputy Jules Favre. The Great French Radical. A Sketch of his Career. The Latest Advices by Mail. The Campaign Against Paris. A French View of ihe Danger. E? is marc k on the SocrctTreaty Scenes After the Battles. "Win 3JtiHoollmiy. Kc, . uc, ihc. Etc., i;tc. THE SITUATION. .More Hvniorn ol Flatties, but Piotlitnjt Melinite The Position ol the Dnille Aruilon-The tirand March on Parle The Consternation f the Capital. The despatches of Saturday night and Sunday are lull of reported battles, bat there is nothing definite enough to show that they were actually fought or to give a clue to their results. On the authority of-the Opinion Nationals of Paris, it is stated that there was a wholesale slaughter cf the Prussians on the 23d and 24th (Tuesday and "Wednesday of last week); the French Ministry are responsible for the statement that a Prussian force of 10,000 men, under the Crown Prince of Saxony, made au assault on Verdun at 9 o'clock on the morning of Thursday, the 25th, and were repulsed after a three hours' fight, with heavy los; and a battle in the neigh borhood of llheims is reported to have occurred futjfrufayn th 3i'ilhi oi Jviiich, no particulars have been received. As to the whereabouts of the hostile armies, there is nothing definite. On Thursday, the 20th, MacMahon's headquarters were reported to be at Rethel, a town of 0000 inhabitants, on the right bank of the Alsne, 23 miles southwest of Meziercs, a ad 24 miles northeast of Rheinis, and on the railroad between these two cities. The Emperor and Prince Imperial were with him at that time. On the following day Mac Mahon's army was to move on towards Me zieres, and that is the latest definite and reliable intelligence at hand. The movement of the Crown Prince on the capital still continues, apparently, the army moving leisurely and encountering no opposi tion. The Crown Prince, himself, is reported to have slept at the prefecture in Chalons on' the night of Friday, the 2oth, a strong column of Prussian artillery having taken possession of that city. The garrison of Vitry-le-Francais surrendered to the Prussians on Thursday, the 25th, the Prussians "annihilating" two battalions of the Garde Mobile and capturing 16 guns, 17 officers, and 850 soldiers. Detachments of Prussians are acknowledged in des patches from Paris to have appeared at Arcis-sur-Aube, 30 miles S. S. E. of Chalons and 85 miles from Paris; at Epernay, 70 miles from Paris; and at Meauz, only 25 miles from Paris. The consternation of the capital itself is on the increase, and the preparations for defense are progressing with the greatest vigor, under the full belief that a siege is inevitable, Fifteen hundred guns are said to be in position on the defenses, and the accumulation of pro visions has beeu reduced by report to a supply for three months, instead of six, as was recently claimed. The city, however, is reported quiet; but there are rumors of the possibility of a rup ture between the Government and General Trochu, and it is said that the Empress has demanded the removal of the latter from his position as Governor. Meanwhile, the veteran Orleanist leader, Thiers, has accepted a position on the Committee of Defense, to the apparent satisfaction of all classes of the people. DEPUTY JULES FAVRE. The Mao lor Preddt ol the French Kenubllc yh. okctrb ol Ilia Career A Life Devoted to the Cause of liberty and Untainted with Fanaticism-Ills Brilliant Political Kecord, and Earnest Antagonism to Houauartlaiu la Kverj fehnpe. As a firm, consistent, and constant advocate for more than twenty years of Republican principles, M. Jules Favre occupies a leading position in the Corps Leglslatif of I ranee. In deed, there is but one man who has pretended to dispute with him the leadership of the true Republican party since J" mile Ollivier went over to the Empire for the sake of making his futile experiment at constitutional government under a Bonaparte regime, and that man is M. Gain- betta, of whose career we gave a sketch a few days ago. Gabriel Claude Jules Favre is almost twice as old as bis rival, Gambetla, haviug been born at Lyons on March 31, 1809. In the revolution of July, 1830, which found him a student at law in Paris, he took an active part, and from that day to this, through the press, at the bar, and in the different National Assemblies, be has remained a bold, undaunted, outspoken champion of the better type of French republicanism. The in dependence of his character, the bitter ironv of bis addre-a, and the consistent radicalism of bis opinions, soon achieved or Lim a reputation which has never been sullied by anycompromise with Bonapartism other than the taking of the oath of allegiance to the Empire, when he finally entered the Corps Leglslatif. He was admitted to the bar soon after arriving at age, and daring the reign of Louis Philippe devoted himself mainly to the practice of his profession. It was not until after the Revolu tion of February, 1848, that he entered olllce for the first time. He then became Secretary General to the Minister of the Interior, and in that capacity was called on to write the circular to the Commissioners of the Provisional Govern ment and the famous "Bulletins" of 1848. He was soon transferred to the Under-Sccretaryship for Foreltrn Affairs, and, being elected a mem ber of the Assembly, voted for the prosecution of Louis Blanc and Caussldiere, for their complicity in the insurrection of June, 1848; refused to join in the vote of thanks to General Cavaignac; and resolutely opposed the expedition to Rome in December, 1848, by which Louis Napoleon Incurred the hostility of the leading republicans with whom be had theretofore adulated. He opposed the elevation of the Bonaparte adventurer to the Presidency, and after that event became his strenuous antagonist in the National Assembly. The implication of Ledru-Rollin in the plot to overthrow the Prince President rendered It ne cessary for the leader of the "Mountain" party to seek safety in England, after which Jules Favre succeeded to the leadership. By the coup d'etat he was driven into retire ment, as he refused to take the oath of allegi ance to the new Constitution on being clectod a member of the Consell-General of Lolre-ct- Rhone. He then devoted himself for some years to his profession, and as one of the counsel of Orsinl, in October, 1858, created an immense sensation by the boldness and eloquence of his defense of the reckless enthusiast who had attempted the life of the Emperor. But. he entered the Corps Lcgislatif the same year, taking the oath of allegiance to the empire which he detested; and since that time, by suc cessive re-elections in 1803 and 1809, has signa lized himself by an unswerving antagonism of the Imperial policy. He was one of the original "five" opposition members, has advocated the complete liberty of the press, opposed the "law of deportation," fought against French interference in the Italian war of independence against Austria in 1859, and in 1804 severely assailed the ill-starred Mexican venture of the Emperor. In 1837 he published a work entitled "Contemporaneous Biography," and since that time many of his famous speeches and several pamphlets have been given to the public in a permanent form. In August, 1800, and again in 1801, he was elected ba'.onnler or president of the order of advocates at Paris, a fitting recognition of his high standing in the profession; and in May, 1807, he became a mem ber of the French Academy. When Napoleon showed signs of yielding something to the pressure of public opinion after the general elections of May, 180!), M. Favro'snanie came to be mentioned prominently in connection with Ollivier's as the head of the responsible ministry which was about to be installed. But he xoon disnUeA4l.p4UiUly of the scheme by declaring his dissatisfaction with the proposed "constitutional regime." "So long," he wrote in September last, "as the press is amenable to judges only, and not to a jury; eo long as there Is no guarantee for individual liberty; so long as elections are not tree, and the mayors are not elected by the populations; so long as an enormous standing army weighs upon our budget, we should be the most contemptible people on earth if we were satisfied." So he succeeded to the position vacated by Ollivier, on the lattcr'a accession to power. On the 25th of June last, just before the war- cloud gathered over Europe, M. Favre delivered a famous speech in the Chamber, in which he was as unmerciful to the first empire as to the second. While supporting a proposal of the Left that the municipalities should be allowed to elect their mayors, he asserted that the inhe rent rights of the municipalities, recognized as early as the thirteenth century, had been stamped out by the first Napoleon. Dazzled by the glitter of his military glory, France was still under the influence of his tyrannical Ideas, under the false impres sion that a genius had saved her from ruin, while in reality he had ruined her and an nibilatcd her liberties. This plain speaking created a great uproar, and when Granier de Cassaignac, one of the most servile tools of the third Napoleon, interrupted him with the decla ration that the first Napoleon "covered France with institutions; you and your friends with ruins," M. Favre referred to the humiliation of France through foreign invasions, which would have been averted if liberty had held command of the army instead of despotism, declared that there was not a single'man in the Chamber who would venture to assert that liberty existed under the first empire, and continued:" am vindicating the glory of the country against the unconscious votaries of despotism, mho are anxious to revive traditions which would owe more bring about our degradation!''' These stirring words, uttered scarcely three weeks before the declaration of war against Prussia, and before there was a sign of the ap proacniDg conflict, were unconsciously pro phetic. The rise of the Hohenzollern diillculty found M. Favre fully prepared to lead the assault upon the Ollivier Government. On the 8th of July, when the ministry attempted to secure a post poncment of the discussion of the question, and refused to lay before the Chamber the docu roents relating to it, he declared that the object of delay was to afford an opportunity for stock-jobbing on the Bourse, and when the final declaration of war came, took his stand by the side of Thiers and Gam betta, and insisted upon the production of all the correspondence with Prussia, declaring that France could not make war on the autho rity of mere telegrams. But after the French defeat at Welssenburg, he at once urged an uu flinching resistance to the invader, joining with sixteen other deputies on the 8th of August in signing a demand that all France should be armed to repel the enemy. On the 9th the Corps Leglslatif was reassembled by order of the Empress, and in the exciting scene which ensued, ending In Ollivier's downfall, M. Favre played an Important part. Ollivier opened the session by stating that the deputies bad been called together before the situation of the country bad been compromised, to which M. ! Favre answered ,that it had already been compromised by the incapacity of ID ch!ef. "Descend from the tribune," he cried out to Ollivier; "this is shameful! In spite of its government, the country is patriotic, but it is vilely ruled." ne then offered resolutions for arming every able-bodied citizen of t arls on the electoral lists, and for investing in an executive committee of fifteen members the full powers of the Government for repelling foreign invasion. In his speech in support of these propositions, M. Favre insisted that the Emperor should be recalled from the army, and that the only hope of saving the country was by wresting power from the Incapable hands that then held it. His proposition for the assumption of .supreme au thority by the Corps Leglslatif was declared by the Preeldent, the obsequious Schneider, to be revolutionary, and that functionary refused to submit it to a vote. The Ollivier ministry were driven from power, and on the accession of the Count de Palikao, M. Favre gave the new government his cordial support in all measures for the resistance of the invaders, continually and repeatedly urging upon it, however, the necessity for prompt and decisive action. He also continued to maintain that all the misfortunes of the country came from that fatal mismanagement to which the Chamber bad been compelled to submit; and, after the disastrous battles near MeU and the approach of the Crown Prince at the head of his army towards the capital, endeavored to inspire his countrymen with patriotic zeal, denouncing as thrice accursed the citizen of France who founded his hopes for the future upon defeat and ruin. Such has been the career of Jules Favre a career which is happily as free from fanaticism as it is from treachery to the cause of liberty and justice. He has never displayed any tend encies towards the "irreconcilable" school of which Raspail and Rochefort are the types, and thus retains the confidence and respect of those who preferred stability under a Bonaparte to anarchy under a modern Jacobin. In patriotism, in experience, in discretion, In ability, and in devotion to the cause of true republicanism, Jules Favre is the foremost man in France. He combines perhaps in a greater degree than any of his contemporaries the elements of sta bility and radicalism; and, if a republic is to rise from the ruins of the empire, his claims upon the chief magistracy of the nation are superior to those of any who may antagonize them. Whether, in the tumult of the great upheaval, his rare worth will receive Its fitting recognition Is a question which time alone can decide. THE PERIL OP PARIS. The. Fn-dilon of the Capital from n French Standpoint Its Defenses -The Vulnerable Point-How the Hlege Must Be Conducted. The Opinion Nationals of August 15 says: Paris is not an ordinary fortress. It is a vast In trenched camp, defended by more than half a million of men, and protected by a wall of clrcnmvallatlin eighteen nines in circumierence, uerenuea by nmety tbree bastions, and fortified In accordance with tho most perfect rules of the art Nor Is this alU These strong defenses are themselves defended, at dis tances varying from one and a quarter miles to four and a half miles, by a girdle of II f teen detached lorts, provided wun seven great outw .xa, flanking each other, and forming a second lnclosure of thirty miles' circumference, whoso powerful artillery can sweep everything before it at a distance of six miles. Paris, finally, la defended by the Seine, by the Marne, and uy a circular rauroau wun which an tne lines In France are connected, and which renders it possible to convey troops with great rapidity to the points menaced In the outer or inner lino of fortifications. A place of this extent can be subjected neither to a proper siege nor to an in vestment complete enough to sunt out reinforcements and supplies, it can, then, only be attacked at a given point, and the question remains what is the most vulnerable point of this immense circuit-. The forts of the East, uomalnvllle. Noesv. Rosnv. Nogent,'and Vincennes ate very advantageously situated on the summit of a plateau, partly covered by the Marne. 'i ney loru a lormiuabie line or de fense, and it would be Imprudent so the Prussian oflicer formally dec'ares to attempt an attack at this point. Nor must an attack be thought or on the Fort Charenton, situated to the south of the preceding, because, alter us capture, it would be necessary to cross the Marne, under the triple fire of the forts of V incennes, Ivry, and Inner works of Paris. To the south of Paris and to the west of Charenton are situated the forts of Ivry and Blcetre, but the siege works could only be executed under the Are or the adjoining forts. The other forts on the south Montrouge, Vanues, and Issy rising on the steep helghu which extend from Sceaux to Ver sailles, are ditllcult of attack, and the same may be said of the citadel of Mont Valerien, the only fort which defends Paris on the west. Mont Valerien Is situated at a distance of five miles from the fort of Issv. bnt counting from the latter, Paris Is doubly covered by the Seine, which first flows to the north east, forms a bend, joins the forts of St. Denis, and tnen directs us course 10 me souui west, parallel to and slightly d'Btant from the first curve. Exactly In the middle of these bendings of the river is situated Mont Valerien.. The French could launch vessels upon the Seine, armed with guns of heavy calibre, which would Indict cruel havoc on the besiegers. The river Seine, from Issy to St. Cloud, and beyond Mont Valerien, is besides protected by obstacles in the shape of wooded heights and country villas, which could easily be adapted for purposes of defense. 1 he efforts of the besiegers must therefore be di rected upon St. Denis, and here we borrow the exact words-of the Prussian Lieutenant-Colonel: "For a Herman besieging army, the points of attack of the fortiiicatious of Paris are naturally the uorth and northeast. In the first place they are the weakest, for the east front is partly covered by the Marne, and those of the south and west are the strongest, and their attack might compromise the line of retreat of the besiegers, upon which, the French army of reserve would not fail to operate. So as not to expose themselves to have this cut, the besiegers must choose the north as the point of attack, for their army of observation ought to cover the lines of retreat which will follow tne course of the Meuse und the Seine, as they could also be able to restore the railroads from Strusburg and Muhl house which run along these valleys. These roads would also serve for the transport of siege material from the Rhine for tresses, if the French positions captured had not already furnished it. In any case the material must be of the very heaviest calibre. Admitting that the German army of observation should be stronger than the French army of reserve, ami that the latter held at a distance from Paris was unable to interrupt the siege, St. Denis should be the first point of attack. Its capture would, in fact, permit of an advanee towards Monttnurtre on the wall of circumvallation without being exposed to the rtank and rear lire or the outer lorts. Oaly those who start from the Seine need be regarded with any ap prehension. The three forts of St. Denis and that or Auber vllliers will be simultaneously besieged, and a less serious attack w'Jl ie made ou tlieother forts facing east. The siege will then assume the same charac ter as that or Sebastopol, and the siege works will have to be undertaken at the same time against a line of fortifications extending over several leagues. St. Denis is situated on the right bank of the Seine, which, at this point, doubles back on its course, and forms a tongue or land whence the siege works might be taken in nauk ana rear its occupation oy the besiegers beeouies thus a necessity. It Is diili eult, but not impossible, If the Seine is crossed In the neighborhood or Argenteuil. The besiegers will then be able to commaud the citadel or Mont Vale rien, situated upon the second tongue of land, to destroy the railroad communication of the left b&nk of the Seine with Paris, and to cover the attack upon St. Denis. A bridge thrown over the Seine would place them in comiuunlcat'on with the troop operating on the right bauk. in order to execute this daring plan, the Prussian strategist assigns to each corps of the invading army the place it ought to occupy, aud the part it will I) called upon to plav in the general plan of operations, lie places 6O.00O men before the three lorts or st. ueuis, ana on tse tongue 01 lana loroteu by the Seine between St. Denis and Mount Valerien. Ife masses XO.ooo n en on the north at St. Denis In order to cover the siege of tots point, and to rein force the corps isolated on both banks of the Seine, These Jii.ooo men are to find their material of prepa- railon to the north of St. Denis, or In the roreBt of Bondy. We might concentrate, he adds, 30,000 men in this forest, 20,000 at Bourget, behind La Molette, and 80,000 at Nntlly-sur-Marne, In orJer to occupy the rontes from Metz and from Coulommlers, and sustain the besieging corps at St. Denis. The 40,000 men at Bourget would menace the fort of Aubcrvllliers, and might be able to besiege If. They would be scarcely two and a half miles distant from St, Denis, ami would form, along with the troops posted at thin point, a mass of 90,000 men. These, united with the 30,000 established In the forest of Bondy, at two and a half miles from Bourget, would be able to oti'er In this forest a very energetic resistance In the event of being compelled to retreat, or If they wished to act apamst the sallies In force of the besiege 1, to which they would necessarily be exposed. On the other hand, the 30,ooo men posted at Neuilly, on the right bank of the Marne, will be able to occupy the hill to the east of the fort or Bosny, and to under take a series of attacks, not very formidable, it Is true, against the forts facing east, as well as to form, with the 30,000 men, in the forest of Bondy, an army of 60,000, w hi jh could secure the path of re'reat. Other 30,000 men should be placed between Neuilly-ear-Marne and Villeneuve-sur-Seiae, in order to observe the roads which start from the confluence of the Seine and the Marne towards the east. Bridges established on the Marne would place these 3),000 men In communi cation with the troops established on the right bank at Ncullly. The besieging army would then num ber 160,010 men, but to besiege Paris this is not suf ficient. To protect adequately the besiegers, a great army of observation is required. This role Is as signed by the l'russian lieutenant-colonel to the 3d Army, whom he supposes to number 120,000 men, and to whom he wishes to join a 4th army, penetrat ing into France by way of Switzerland. On this hypothesis, the invading army would arrive before Paris with an effective strength of 400,000 men. The task of the latter divisions would be to hold the French army of relief as far from Paris as possible, to Intercept supplies, and to destroy the railroad which place Paris in communication with the south and west of France. AFTER A CHARGE. Dr. K 11 sue 1 1, of the London "Tlinea," on the Field of l$ntile-The Burying of Annihilated Regiments. Writing from Maxwiller, where the headquar ters of the Crown Prince were loc.ited on August 8, Dr. W. H. Russell says: "We, after a time, reached the village of uunstett, the environs of which were tho scene of a desperate action between the French right and the Prussian left during the memorable battle of Woerth. Like several others of the villages, it was crowded with wounded, and pale faces looked out of the windows of the cottages, with heads bound up; but there were soon more terrible evidences of the struggle. The debris of knapsacks, pouches, muskets, shoes, fragments of clothing, shakos, thickened as we went on; dead horses swollen to an enormous size, with their legs stuck up in the air, lay about In the fields; and now we came on a dead Prussian who had fallen still' as if in the act of charging, aud then came Zouaves and Tnrcos, mostly the latter, in all the fantastic rigidity of ueath In battle, the faces in most cases covered by the decent care of the country people with little pieces of linen, which the rain had beaten In on the lineaments in relief. The burial parties were busy close at hand and all over the country, but the harvest was too heavy for the reapers. I have seen now many fields and the more I see of them the . less 1 like them bat never have I be held a sight so extraordinary as I came on by the little streamlet, the Sauer, which flows by Ounstett. At an angle of the road, by a vine plantation, there had been evidently a sanguinary combat between the infantry ; but a little beyond It lay the scene of a cavalry charge, the relics of whfch formed the strange spectacle I am writing of. There were heaps of cuirasses still bright, and brass helmets with plumes which had been taken from the dead, ; wounded, and prisoner and piled at Intervals along the road. Between these lay saddles, swords stuck in the ground, horse trappings, valises with '8' and 'o' on them, here and there single cuirisses, dead horses, helmets, swords, muskets the ground trampled, the vines beaten down pools of blood a foul, sour smell everywhere; this literally for two miles on each stdof the road. In the villageTtsetf was" a pile of thirty or forty cuirasses and helmets, then an other pile of the same. Further on, mixed up with these 'trophies' of the hapless cuirassiers, we eame on the signs ol disaster to a regiment or lancets staves with red and white streamers in all directions, lancer shakos, saddles, valises, and tunics, blue laced with white. One would think lancers and cuirassiers had all fallen together; nut to wnarever regiments lance ana cuiaass be longed, It was plain they had been routed and de stroyed. One remarkable circumstance is this not a cuirass was pierced by a bullet. J looked most narrowly others did the same. And yet what had been the rate or the wearers? That is a problem I cannot solve, nor could any one else ; but it is plain that the cuirassiers were annihilated. It is said that one regiment charged a battery and got in among the guns, but was smttten by the infantry on the flanks with a leaden shower that beat them to the earth never to rise again unhorsed, or dead and wounaeu, tne unnurt an taken in a rew seconds. As I said, this sort or work was visible ror quite two miles along the road. The rain cleared np before noon, and that must have been some little relief from suffering to the wounded, who were still met in carts. There were some with faces upturned, cold and stiff, who cared no more for what the ele ments mignt do. I snail dwell no longer on such pcenes. There will, I fear, be many more of them, and worse." WAR'S BURIAL GROUND. The Field of Forbach after the Klcht-IIow the veaa were uuricu. Another correspondent of the London Tinws, writing from Saarbruck under date of August 8, says: "When the troops had fairly left the place I fol lowed them to the hills and watched them joined by other troops from the neighboring encampments, as, in an unbroken line, the main body made its way towards Forbach. Parties or cavalry kept the heights on the left and patrolled the forest on the right; the Krankmt'agcr went across the hills, where numbers of the dead were still lying, and w hence the last or the wounded had only that morn ing been removed ; but the army, as a whole, leav ing eLcaiupments and masses or baggage wagons on each side, marched on steadily towards Forbach and St. Avoid, not, as the soldiers believed, to stop ou its triumphant progress until it came within sight or Metz. The heights command ing the town, which the French had occupied for some days after the atl'alr of the 2d, looked new like the scene of a recent picnic Here a bottle, there a piece or paper which might have enve loped sandwiches or the butter-brod of the country; there the remains of a wood-lire; there the lid of a tin pot. Then more remains of wood tires, more lids of tin pots, and broken bottles innumerable. The sort of debrU that one sees on a race-course the day after the race an idea which is again suggested by a number of sticks still remaining m the ground at a distance of fifty or sixty yards ahead on the way to the Spicheren heights. These are not sticks, however, they are netdle-guos: and, approaching them, 1 pass from false indications of peace to true Indications of war. Where these needle-guns are planted in the earth (with bayonets for roots) five Prussian soldiers have fallen. 1 he men are burled ; but their arms, for this day at least, are to be left here. A few yards ahead there are three more of these needle-plants; then nine, then a dozen : then close to a ridge where the Prussian assailants thought they would ti nd cover.but failed to do so, 27. Passing this ridge, and climbing, not without diillculty, up the steep ascent, 1 find knapsacks lying torn open on the ground, broken accoutrements, battered helmets, blood-stained clothes, and bodies rigid In the convulsions or death, Prussians alone are to be seen here, and looking down npon the plain I observe three different paths of ascent marked, as if to show how dlillcult they were, with needle-guns stuck in the turf. Every man whoowued one of these muskets either died cloBe to where his weapon stands as a sign, or, at least, fell unable any longer to use it. The military geology of the Spicheren heights can be clearly un derstood. Alter the first needle-gun region, the region of Prussian knapsacks and accoutrements; then the region of the Prussian dead whom the 'dead burlers,' under the direstiun of the 'sick tend ers,' have not yet been aide to remove; then the first line of French dead, lying thick behind the natural anil artillelal intreuchiueuts which, to the last motpeut, protected them as they shot down, or drove back, regiment after regiment of the advanc ing, surprising Prusslaus; then Prussians and French lyig mingled together on the summit of the mount; then more French than Prussians, the French alone lying across a lidge In the wood crowning the heights, whose shelter a portion at least must have sought, and of urn sought in vain; then, on tie leit aide or the battle-field, looking from Saarbrucken, nothing but grave, 'llier rulcn in U,' says one Inscription, -iS Preussen, C9 Kranzosen, Oral) No. 4.' 'Here rest liicnds and foes together,' say another lns-irpuon, 6 Prussians, 11 Frenchmen.' I observed that the words 'and foes' had by some charitable or philo sophical person been marked out. The French, even on their own Spicheren heights, were as if in a foreign lan J; and the ground where they lay was strewed with letters addressed to such a one, Camp or Chalons, or such another at Metz, 'to be for warded a la suite de ion regiment? I read several of these letters, which were natural, and therefore, under the circumstances, touching. All reproached the French soldier, who apparently thinks less of his relations than his relations think of him, with not answering letters; and all are full of assurances of affection. Some notified the lnclosure of money, and there was net one In which a sister or a mother expressed the least satisfaction at the prospect of her brother or her son dying for his country. 'Your friend, Louis Batban,' says a letter from a mother or a private soldier to her son, 'has proposed ror Modoste, Let us know as soon as possible whether you accept him ror your brother-in-law.' A certain number or Frem h soldiers, whose knapsacks had been emptied, seemed to have carried religions books with them, generally or the simplest kind, from L Alphabet Chretien upward. 1 saw an Atla du Theatre la, Guerre lying by the side of one poor fellow, and by the side of another a manuscript copy of the 'Air des Djlnus' (andante con vioto), from Auber's 'Pre mier Jour de Bonheur.' " SECRET NEGOTIATIONS. Count BlsmarcU on the "Project'' Relating to Beldam. Not content with divulging the projet which appeared in the London Tim". of August 15 in the Ojfflvial laz ite, Count Bismarck has com municated it to the Powers. The note contain ing it is as follows: Berlin, Aug. 10. My telegraphic despatch to the ambassador of the North German Confederacy in London respecting the draft treaty published In the I'imcaof the 2M.h ult. has Induced Count Bene dettl to give his version or the origin or that draft in the Journal Oflcicl de V Empire of the 30th ult. In my despatch of the !M)th nit. 1 have given a more de tailed account respecting the said draft and its bear ing upon French politics generally; since which the circular despatch of the Due de Gramcnt, dated the 3d or August, has been communicated to the world at large. In adverting to these French utterances 1 have no intention to give any reply to them ; the abundant matter they af ford for criticism has been fully ventilated by the press of all countries, France not excepted. The only object of the present communication is to trans mil you a fresh piece of evidence, and to request yon to bring It to the cognizance of tho Government to which you are accredited. If I have not made nse of it before, this was owing to my reluctance, even in a state of war, to drag the person or a mo narch into the discussion or the acts or his ministers and representatives, and also because, considering the form or government which avowedly existed in France np to the 2d ol January last, I was not pre pared to hear that the draft treaty and the other pro posals and arrogant demands alluded to In my des patch or the 29th should have been submitted to mo without the knowledge of the Emperor Napoleon. But certain statements which appear in the latest French utterances necessitate my having recourse to a different line of conduct. On the other hand, the French Minister or Foreign Ail airs assures us that the Emperor Napoleon has never proposed to Prussia a treaty having the acquisition of Belgium for its object (que jamais I' timpereur Xapolenn n'a propose a la 1'rutie un traite pour pretulre ponvnion de la Ih Iniijue) ; on the other, Connt Benedettl gives out that the draft treaty in question emanates from roe; that all he bad to do with It was to put It on paper writing, so to say, rrom my dictation (ci tjur-lipte norte. .ion via diche), which he only did the better to apprehend my views, and that the Emperor Napoleon was made cognizant or tho draft only after Its completion at Berlin. Statements such as tlieso render It lndispensab'c ror me to make uso of a means at my disposal calculated to support my ac count or French politics and to strengthen the sup position I have previously expressed respecting tho nature or the connection between the Emperor and his ministers, envoys, and agents. In the archives of the Foreign Olllce at Berlin Is preserved a letter rrom 'onnt Benedettl to me, dated August 5, 180", and a draft treaty inclosed In that letter. ( !oplcs of both are appended to the present communication. The.oxUjfiiMaa.in i.'onaiiBensrttiia toandwritipg, I shall submit to tho Inspection of the representatives of the neutral powers, anil I will also send you a photographic oc (iK'fc or the same. I beg to observe thar, according to the Moniteur, the Emperor Napo leon did pdss the tle from the 2sth or July to the 7th or August, lStfil, at Viehv. In the oilleial interview which I had with I'ount Bpnedetti ln"consenueuce or this letter, he supported his demands by threatening war in cae of refusal. When I declinod, nevertheless, the Luxemburg affair was brought upon the carpet, and, after the failure of this little business, cime the more comprehensive proposal relative to Belgium embodied in Count Benedctti's draft treaty published in the Tihiea. I request you to read this despatch to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, aud to transmit to blm a copy or a translation of the same, as also a copy of the documents Inclosed. You will also be good enough to lay before him a photographic fna tiimile directly it comes to hand. On behalf or the Chancellor of the Confederacy. Von Thii.k. RAZAINE. A Speech by the Freach Leader to bis "Chil dren." A Paris journal publishes the followiug speech, addressed by Marshal Bazainc to about one hundred troopers when he went to inspect the cantonments: "My Children : 1 have but one fault to reproach you with you tire too fast. At Welsseuburg, whero your ammunition failed, you had what would have lasted the Prussians three days. Let us reason to gether a little. Where are we? Fall on our line of detente. From Thiouville to Metz, and rrom Mctz to Nancy we hold the ground. Behind this line what have we? Another line, that or the Mouse. Behind the Meuse what have we ? The Champagne, a battle-Held that we know, do we not 7 After the Champagne what have we still ? The Argonne. Do you reiuemiier the Argonne? Do you remember Valmy? The Prussians remember It, and that is all I need tell you. And after the Argonne what do we find? The network of rivers rendered illustrious by the campaign or 1814, all the country intersected by the Aisue, the Marne, the Aube, the Seine, and even the Youne and the Armencou. Well, this Is not all, ror behind Met,, behind the Meuse, behind the Argonne, behind the Champagne, behind our valleys or the Marne there is Paris, and behind Paris France. France, that is to say, four million armed citizens, a patriot heart in every breast, and a thou sand millions in the treasury. Natubleu! it seems hardly necessary to put on so many thicknesses of st 11 if. Let us advanee gaily, without hurrying our selves ; we have plenty of time." It is needless to say that this harangue was received with enthusiasm. All tried to take the Marebal's hand. He took that of tho colonel, shook it vigorously, aud continued the inspec tion. PRUSSIAN GENERALS. Sketches of Those Who Were Wounded at weerin ana rornuen. In the desperate fighting at Woerth and For bach, live German general oflicers were wounded. Some account of these brave men, who received wounds more or less severe, will be interesting: General Julius von Bose, commander of the lltli Army Corps, was born in 18U9, and, in his youth, was page at the Court of Weimar. In I8211 he be came lieutenant, he was major in ISM, and in lSdO was made full colunel of the 40th Fusilier Ucgtment. Prussian regiments, it may be noted, consist or three battalions, each having a commander whose rank corresponds with that of lieutenant-colonel in our army. The regiment, of course, is commanded by one colonel. In the yearlSiil the subject of our brief notice was major-general; and In the war with Austria, in ImW, he was engaged in the battles of Liebenao, Podo), Munchen;ratz, Konlggratz, Coil ing, Holies, and Presburg. In the same year he was raised to the rank of lieutenant-general, and re ceived the Order of Merit which baa been, almost as a matter of course, bestowed on each of the generals whose names follow : General August von Uoben, commander of the bth Army Corps, which was warmly engaged at Sav bruek, was born in IMS, and made lieutenant la is '6. He took his discharge In the following year, and for lour years next eusulng he served in the Spanish army, rising; to the rank of lieutenant colonel, and gaming several Spanish orders. In l4i be re-entered the Prussian army as captain, and iu 1849 he took psrt in the engagements in tiie pfalz and Baden. In lso he became iuajur, and In lswi colonel. Tlieo, in IsoO, he entered as a volun teer the ranks of the Spanish army fighting against Morocco, in; IhOl he was raised to the rank of gene ral in the Prussian army, and in 1S64 be commanded tnetth Ju'itrj rgie in the Danish war. In ISM he fought at Dernitmch, Klsslngen, Ltnffaih, Aschatienburg, Wcrbach, Tauberblschofsheim, and Gcrshelm. General Baron Albert von Itarnekow was bom - In 1809, and entered as lieutenant In 1829. In 1831 he had attained the rank of major, and ho beoatne General in 1864. He rought, in ism, at Trautenau, Koniggratz, and Tobitachau, with mwsh distinc tion. General Ferdinand Woir I.ndwlg Anton von Stulpnagel was born in 1813, and became lieutenant tu 13.11. lie was major In 1X64, colonel in imi, and general In lsft, taking part lu the Austrian cam paign or ISM as Head Quartermaster of the -id army. He fought at Nachod and Konlggratz, aud In 167 was made lieutenant-general. General George Arnold Curl von Kamecko was born lu 1SI7, was lieutenant of the 1st Kn;lneer In ls!6, and a major in 16S. In the following yar he was employed as Military Secretary wltn the Prussian Ambassador nt Vienna, in iscd, as Chief of the General Statf or the '2d Army Corps, he fought at Podol, Gltschln, and Konlggratz, and ho whs rals'd to the rank of lieutenant general lu lSli. NOTES OF THE WAR. Incidents nt Woerth and Welenbnr. M. Claretie, in the Cloche of August 13, men tions some acts of heroism daring tho combats of Wcisscnburg and Woerth. He says: I think of those two gendarmes, who at Freusen burp, with a root chasseur, when abandoned by the army, rescued alone four cartloads of provisions from a squadron of Uhlans. Poor simple heroes, whose names will notbe known, and who returned calmly to the soldiers, sayiug, "There is biscuit for you !" I think also of those men of the 7U!t of the line who In the wood of firs and birches at Slyrlng, after driving tho Prussians from tree to tree, ft r having killed heaps of the eueiny under the thick shade, having at last used their cartridges, and being without powder or ball, remained there to be slaugh tered In their turn while marching with their bayo dets only against the mitrailleuses. I think of that regiment which, taken in Mank, imagined they saw assistance in the mounted chasseurs coming to their aid, and waved their caps in the air. They only dis covered their error when they foand thotnselves falliDg before the carbines and sabres of the Uhlans. I think of that prophetic remark of a Sister of Charity at Forbach, who said to me, pointing to the wood, "I fear for the wounded under the trees, which may take Cre. The Prussians are there. I repeated these words to the General, who said to her, "Go and look after your wounded and do not concern yourself with my busi ness." 1 can again see the skirmishers posted be hind trees cut down to protect the retreat, firm, and saying, "Hero we will die." I think I can Biill hear the incessant aud fearful noise, always tho same dull sound, like a heavy body ploughing Into a heap of human flesti, that cUnif,vhnf, ol the mitrailleuses; and those wounded calling for their mother; and that little musician, who, dying, was asKlng, amid his sobs, or all around, "Where Is the 77th, my poor 77th ?" The Objects of the Prussians. The J.ibtrtc is extremely Indignant at finding that several journals at Berlin publish, as if by common arrangement, au article which contains the following passage: , The object of the war Is to break down French pride and Indemnify Germany by aunextng Lorraine to Bavaiia and Alsace to tin Grand Duchy or U vlen erected into a kingdom, with strasburg for the capital. On this the Liberie remarks: They avow It, then ! They are bent on humiliating us still more; they are resolved to reduce our territoiy. Alsace must become the pasture land of the Grand Duke of Roulette, and Strasbjrg,- the honest city, must be the capital of the gamblers, having linden for its branch, nut let us reckon wltn hmg William, and let no one any more be ignorant of bis designs. To annex Lorraine to the kingdom or uavana is to tear irot: rrance tneso iour departments: tho Moso le, with Mctz, Thlonvllle, and Sarregnemincs; the Metirthe, with Nancy, Lnnevillc, aud Tout; the Meuse, with Bar-le-Due, (Jonimercy, Montmedy, and Verdun: tho Vos ges, with Epinal, Mirecourt, St. Die. To annex Alsace to the Grand Duchy of Baden is to deprive Franco of these two other departments the tias lthln, with Strasburg, Saverue, tjchelestadt, Wis semburg, Hiiguenau, tho Ilaut-Uhln, with Colmar, Mtihlhansen.'Belfort, aud Altklrch. But In order thus to pay the fiddling king who reigns at Munich and the gambling one at Baden th price of their com plicity, the armies of King William must first crush thoi-e of Fiance. Let no one, therefore, feel any Illusion. The struggle Is gigantic, de-slrilvo. The downfall of France or that of Prussia will be the result. How the Urcat Parties of Russia Svmiuthlte. A correspondent from St. Petersburg, in a Prague journal, and reproduced after transla tion in Paris, has the subjoined: A war between France and Pmssia has been looked for here ever since tho peace of Prague, bur, no one thought that the conilict would burst out just now. The most Influential party in Russia, that is the slave or national, at the head of which is the Cesarewitch, has declared for a - Franco-Russian alliance, which, according to it, Is the sole one capa ble of leading toa satisfactory solution of the Eastern question. This great body, which includes among its members General Fedejetr, sees In France a powerful State, which has already solved the Italian question in a sense favorable to Euro pa and which would Und in Kussla an ally capsule of helping her In preventing the equilibrium of Europe from being destroyed. These opinions are shared by the most Intelligent sections of the army, of the aristocracy and the middle classes, so that we have a right to hope that they will prevail in the end, especially when it Is remembered that thfcy are ea rrgetlcally represented by the future sovereign. But, for the moment, the Grand Duke has a p Jtent adversary in Prince Gortschakoir, who Is particu larly desirous that linssia shall maintain the strict est neutrality. The latter 's patty diners besides from the national in that it has a great leaning to wards Prussia. There is, then, every reason t be lieve that if the Chancellor deems ll advisable to mix up Russia in the Franco-Prussian conrtiet thm party will do all in its power to conclude an alliance between Russia aud Prus&la. A .llllltary Parallel, 18H-ISJ0. The London Daily 'Tilt graph thus contrasts the present military situation with the close of the campaign of 1614: In the campaign of 1S14, the headquarters of Napoleon 1 were lirst fixed at Chalons; there, acting upon his interior lines, with a verve and a courage searly, we fear, to be expected of his nephew, he struck his blows light aud left at Schwarlzenberg and st Blucher, In the glorious retreat ihroogu Champagne. It must be borne in mind, however, that in 1M4 the French armies were totally ex hausted; Marshals who had commanded corps of iou,owj men found themselves at the head or one tenth of thslr former force; aod the youths who pressed into the old cadre aril died bravely at Brlenue und La K-jthlere, were very much what the present Uim en luamo might furnish, ir it could be carried out in time to stop the resolute Invader. But in W l the enemy had already turned the Freuch position, and ad vanced deep into the country, before he could he checked : the lines or the Vosgcs, or the M jsel'e, and or the Meuse had been abaudoned without a blow ; 200,000 Prussians, Austrians, and lijssians, converging from Cobleutz on tho north and from. Geneva on the south, hud made it simoly inip Hsiole that the 80,000 men whom at the utmost Napoleon could command, should do more than t'g'it a good retreating battle towards Paris. TbeCrand Duke of f lease.DarmsiHdi to Ilia Trootis. The Grand Duke of Hessc-DarmsUdt issued the following proclamation to bis troops: Soldiers: The rapidity of events has not permit ted me to see you all before the struggle wXoU is commencing to thank you for your joyous ardor In delense of our just cause. Mymostarduutwisr.es accompany you. Kemember tho glory which the HesMau flag has always acquired. Show yourselves woithyof the great duties you have to a j .oHip'lsii under the celebrated (Jtmerul in Chief of the Con federation. Victory is yours : Baxalue to be Depended On. A correspondent, writing from Metz ta the Jh buts, before the terrific battles of wck before last, says: Ma.-slial ltazulne Is a man to be depended upon; he knows the Prusslau tactics; he is aware that they do not show themselves in the plains, that they scout perfectly, that they place themselves in ambush as) sharpshooters In the woods of France, tne smallest paths of which are as familiar to them as to the goatherds and woodmen of the department, for they have been studying the map of the country for twenty years; he understands that tiiei proceed by enormous concentration ; iud he HI act lu cousiv quence. He is capable of repairing at a single blow all the fanlta coaiumted ; the army is eouvin.iod i)jt he will eo so, and 1 share ttut opinion.
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