THE DAILY E uiNI GTELEG11AFII-FIIILADELFIIIA MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1868. vox populi: e"'a-aW-eaBBBPA-BBBa,TaB BY WATSON 4MDBC8TKB. From Ltppineott't Magazineor October. The proverb, Vox popu'i vox 2d-"Th voice 1 the people is the voice of God" taaj been characterized by Archbishop Trench as "one which, balloly lnlerpteted, may be made to contain a most mischievous fahchood; bat, interpreted Id the tense wherein no doubt it was poken, holds a deepest truita. We must on y remember," he cotuiuues, "that thU 'people' is not the populace either In blRo place or la low: nd that this 'voice of tbe people' Is not any momentary outcry, but the consenting testimony of the good and wise, oi those neither bru talized ty ignorance nor corrupted by a false cultivation, in all places and in all times." As fr as the jrreat moral and social problems Which have agitated the world from the earliest ages are concerned, this view Is undoubtedly correct, both in theory and practice. No mere momentary outcry," no matter how widespread it may be, Is sufficient of Itself to decide such questions to condemn one particular dogma as tinsound, or to impart to another the true spirit of incpiration. That the same principle should be applied to problems of a political character no reasonable person will deny. There are but few .questions concerning the policy of a gov ernment, whether local or national, which cau be iully conaldered and wisely determined en tirely apart from their social and moral as pects; and in the most vital issues, such ai those pertaining to the unalienable rights of man and to tbe restrictions which are neces sarily imposed upon them for the common benefit ot tbe whole community, it is quite im possible to draw the dividing; line. Hut while no one will care to dispute the theoretical sound ness of this view, the history of the wot Id has shown that its practical application is utterly cut of the question. This is especially true with respect to the political system whlob. has obtained the ascendancy in this country, in compliance with whica we are perforce obliged to fall back upon the threadbare maxim in its broadest and most commonplace Interpretation. In the Old World, the divinity which, out of courtesy, is regarded as inherent in every lorm of government, is held to "hedge about" the kingly personage in whom is centred the sove reignty of the realm, and whose will is -the primal source of power. Louis the Fourteenth fully comprehended the true theory of kiug craft, and tersely expressed it in one short aentence: "L'Eiat e'est moi." To all who blindly accept and meekly submit to its sway, the "voice of the people" la a mockery th-n maxim Vox populi vox Dei a Napoleonic snb terfuge, and nothing mote. Bat accordihg to the American system, as solemnly enunciated by the founders of tbe republic, governments are instituted among men to secure "the unaliena ble rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness," and in all cases they must derive "their just powers from the consent of the gov erned." By this theory the sovereignty is lodged absolutely with the people at large. If the forms of government which they have established in the free aud untrammelled exer cise of this sovereign power partake in any degree of divine authorization, it is because "the voice of the people is the voice of God;" nd this must hold true, notwithstanding that the popular will, as thus expressed, has not received "the consenting testimony ot the good and wise In all places aud in all times." We liave no alternative. From the people we cau appeal to history alone. We can only acc?pt the will of the majority as the definite settlement of every mooted point, whether It be sanctioned or condemned by those who rightly arrogate to themselves the virtue and wisdom of the ages. A radical defect of this system, lrom which even the effete kingcraft of the Old World is happily free, consists in that It often ignores the established landmarks which have been kept in night for cemuries, venturing recklessly upon untrodden and seemingly hazardous paths. Momentary outcries, springing from deep seated prejudices or iiom sudden and unreason able whims of the populace, must ot necessity prevail at times; while the testimony of the good and wise is frequently ignored, and the policy of the government shaped by ignorance and falBe culture. But these defects of the system are the inevitable accompaniments of all true liberty. We must be content to counteract their Influence as Dest we may, or reject as a whole the Cherished theory of man's oapaoitf or eelf- governnient. The great problem presented for our solution, therefore, is the ascertainment ot the popular will, us representing "the voice of God." , It might be profitable in this connection to enter into an examination of the different theories which have been advanced touching tbe nature and conditions ot the elective fran chise, the means whereby we have attempted this solution, were it not for the fact that the subject has been considered from every stand point, and it would be quite impossible to pre sent any clearer elucidation of n from one altogether original and novel. Whether we concede that the ballot is a natural riht co ordinate with and equal to those rights which are enumerated in the Declaration of Independ ence as "unalienable," or whether we maintain that it is merely a technical franchise, and therefore to be granted or withheld according to the pleasure of the de facto sovereignty, is of no moment to our present object, which is imply to show the manner in which this most precious of all political privileges 13 exercised by those who are entrusted with it, and the estimation in which it is held by them. In compliance with the maxim Vox populi vox Dei, we have devised the scheme of unlverial suf . frage, or what is practically equivalent thereto, as the basis of oar political structure. Let us glance at the workings of tho system, and sea how full aud faithful an expression is given to the popular will by an appeal to the arbitration of the ballot-box. In the first place, what is commonly styled "a full vote" is seldom polled, except on such rare occasions as Presidential elections; and even then the number availing themselves of the privilege falls far short of tno6e who are entitled to it. The great fluctuations in the popular Totes of every State in the Union, which demon strate this fact at a glance, are too familiar to the general reader to render it necessary to encumber these pages with anything in the way ot a comparison lor that purpose alone. For the purpose, however, of showing the relation borne by the aggregate votes to the population, the gradual increase of the percentage of the former as compared with the latUx, and the point about which it has fluctuated during the past thirty years, we have prepared the tables given below. As the franchise has been restricted to the white race In almost every State, and the ne?ro vote, where it is Included, is ot very trifling proportions, the negro element of the popula tion has been entirely ignored in the calcula tions, in the intervals between the regular decennial enumerations of the people the popu lation has been carefully estimated lrom the established annual increase. Beginning with the State of Pennsylvania, we have the following result: v TH VOTB OF PENNSYLVANIA FROM 179 0 TO 18G0. v. title Poj,u. tai rer rear. union. Office. Vute., Cent. I' m Governor so bi7 Tl ............ i,o.p,u Ill 654. - --.... cwo,ctU II J20....... 1,(117 liK4 IMS........ 1 2-O.WI UWtNH 111 O tAIOUIHHH' ' 9ilJl.ll A 1 A lit! i'sM ftesHeslZZKlKZ K jlSi "! aov.rnor:::::.::::,1!;?.!-::::: I m iHB- 2 rUor.::::::::::::;i:;;;:;: i!?2:::::::::22:mi874-3::::rt8''1,,Dl Tffi !?:? - lbWl..M.....2,81l.2iti Presldeul 47(l,4 187 A comparison or theso votes will show that foring the period fiom 1840 to 18(j0 the vote of tho State was comparatively stationary, at IS 6 per cent, of the white popufatioi;. Jn the State of New York we have the follow ing result, upon a similar basis: TBS VOTE OF NEW YOBK STATU FROM 1789 TO 1800. White Pnpu. ru, , Tar. UUion. Office, 17 ma Governor..... ,,Vm 7' 1MIJ . lli0 ..4.f 7-7 IK 10 BlC.tiuU H " J.aa 744 .. M " - 3 l NWO 1878 .... ,. 251,631 11 1H4H I.WH.HHl M 44 1, JM'! is I 878 President 43H M....'.'.Zu 4 i ...(i4 sas Governor 4:12, 8H2 14 1 IIWO 1831,730 72,tfi 178 ;....Mi,7.C..,..ll,M..Fr?gl4?iil , C7-.lv J? ..141 ... en (ins....... e-2 ..m.;u5 i3'2 ry.Kii. 10 2 Year, 1HS6.... 184"... 1844..., 1848..., 1842.. Whit Pnpw 12 341 Ml ... ......18 Hl'S.SOI...... ,...lft,r7,l4l...MM. ....18.ni9 928 ,.20,600 34.. In this State we have, during the TerpijTfm 1840 to I860, an average percentaee of 10 7. the alight excels nbown, when compared with the percentage in Pennsylvania, being the result of tbe reniBrkablv heavy votes which are usually polled in New fork elty. .... .' We will now take tbe votes cast by the people of the whole country for the office of President of the United States. As the Presidential Klpctors for tbe State of South Carolina were always selected by the Legislature, and uot by a popular vote, that State is excluded from the calculation, with reference to both population and vote. On this basis we have tno following result: VOTB FOH FRK8TDRNT FROM 1836 TO 1800. T'ttt Per Vote cent, ....1,Vi,2!8.mm- 121 .1.402 61 17-3 ......J tt MO........... tft-4 .V,877,4"8..........15-9 ......8 142,804 Ift'1 J8r 4 2I.4B4.4H4 4 0t,H ...17 I860 2,88,V0S l,OTO,iJd.... Ill A comparison of these votes during the period from 1840 to 1860 gives an average percentage of 16-7 identical with that of New York, and but slightly in excess of that oi Pennsylvania, show ing a general nnilormtty. In the average vote throughout the country, notwithstanding its many fluctuations, If we could ascertain the exact numbers of persons entitled to a voto in one or more 8tates, a very interesting and profitable study would result fiotu a comparison of these figures with tbe aggregates of the votes cast at the same periods ot time. But this task Is apparently a hopeless one, and tho only portion of it which wo are enabled lo accomplish satisfactorily is that which relates to tbe city of Philadelphia alone. This will, however, serve as an Index t" the whole country, for the people of Philadel phia are quite as jealous of their rights as are those of any other community in the United States. This is demonstrated by the following table, from which the State of South Carolina and tbe Xcrxitotics are excluded, as above: J'hUadrlithia. United Mitet. Vnte for President In I860 77,247....... 4 so.im8 A psregate pupu lallon.............b85,5i9-.......-30,444,3 Perot n agoof ole 13-7 18 4 Male population 2S9.833 15,846.194 Perceniaic" of vove 24 7 80 1 White population .-..543 S44 28.398 9() Percentage el vote 14 2 17 7 While male population 26i),15fl.........H 539 HT 4 Percentage or vole 297 8t 8 Wtilt native pnpuiallun ....374,177 22,355 588 Percentage of vote 2'08 20 9 White native male populatlon.17li.753 11,366.284 Percentage of vole 43 0 41 2 The percentages in this table are very nearly the same tbrouehout, and the irregularity it readily accounted for. The vote cast tor Presi dent in 1860 was annoasually light one, boih In tbe city of Philadelphia and the State of Penn sylvania. At the October election the aggregate vote of the city for members of Congress ex ceeded that cast at the Presidential election in November by nearly 6000, an oceurrence which is perhaps without a parallel in any other State of the Union, at that or any other time. In addition to this, it should be remembered that Philadelphia, like every large city, is a great centre of the foreign element of our population, among whom the proportion of those not enti tled to vote Is much larger than is the case with the American-born element. According to the census of 18G0, the native white population of the city was but 68 per cent, of the aggregate, while in the United States at large it reached 85 per cent. In view of these fact we may safely legard Philadelphia as an index to the whole country, in attempting to arrive at the exact estimation in w hich the ballot is held. Two assessments of the voting inhabitants of tbe city have been made yearly the first at a date several weeks previous to the election, and the lastimmediatcly preceding it. As the greater number of names obtained at the extra assess ments have been included in the regular assess ments, their reassessment being rendered neces sary only in consequence of changes in residence or from kindred causes, the aggregate figures of the regular assessments are taken as exhibiting more accurately the eDtire number of those who are entitled to tbe franchise. The exact figures for the year 1868, and for the period lrom lG3 to 1867, have been obtained; but for tho Interval between 1858 and 18G3 every office in the city wherein the record should have been pre served has been searched in vain. It has been ascertained, however, that the assessment of 1863 fell short of that of 1862 by about 15,000, fbls unprecedented decreaae belDpr in num quence of tbe absence from the city of great numbers ot soldiers, and the disinclination manifested by many who remained at home to make known their names and residences, for tear of being impressed Into involuntary service in tbe army. In the table given below the fall ing off in the assessment of 1863 has beeu estl mated at 10,000 only, in order that our calcula tions may be entirely within bounds. A com parison of the number of registered voters with the highest vote cast during the period from 1868 to 1867 gives the following re.ult: TOTE OF PHILADELPHIA FROM 1863 TO 18G7. Aro, of voUrt number who Per Year, assoseii, voted, cent, U (!.... l:i8,V6S. ........ MM...10I.U8 78 168 ......126,838 101 0,2 8t 186 ; 1 15. 1 54 .. 89.689......... .........78 1864 (Piealueut) llo,5U 91.5U7 85 1864 lCODgress......110,560 . 89,028.............8l 18rt2 106 314....... si n ,,,, 77 isi2 . lie. soo ea.417... 6a 161 .........118.100 . 60,838 m....4 lKfiO (President) 110,000.... '7 247..... To IMiO (COUSreiB),.....,! 1(',U(K 81 H8 74 I8i 108,750 56 04...............4, 1868 ............103 850 . 60,2t2... tg A comparison of these percentages gives an average of 70 for the decaae, so that it is cer tainly within bounds to claim that, in the city ot Philadelphia, only three fourths of those who are entitled to a vole frequent the polls on elec tion days. The result of a comparison of the registered voters and aggregate votes of Kew York city presents almobt as untortuoate a sbowiog as in Philadelphia. The registry for the years I860, 1864, and 18G7 has beeu ascertained, and, esti mating that ot the intervening years, we have the following result: VOTE OF NEW YORK CITY CROM 1850 TO 1867. Number Be- Jtumber who Per Year. glittered. . VuUd. cent. 18-7 (State ticket )....i28,oi4..............lU 8 tf. ........ ........ 87 1847 (Oily ticket;.. ..1IM.0I4 101 8l. .82 I860 ..128 O0O .,. 1'4,16 ....m.8U 1885 ... ..M.M.127.fc00.M.M...... 81 818. .............. 61 1864 (President) 1.M, WO. ........... 110, rtW 87 U64 (UODgres) 126 m lea 510 .83 1888 121.600 66.964 ...64 )8SV .....ll!0,76O M 818 4 1181 118 OftO .m. 67 828 49 U60 (PreHldeul) 115.t!7. .... 9i,68S 1(60 (UODgretiS) ...,. 114 67.... ..... 92.788. .... .SJ This gives an average of 72 per cent, for the eight years, but little in excess of that shown by Philadelphia, although some of the votes cast iu Kew York city, as that for Governor iu I860, were much larger in proportion than any polled in the former city. These, however, must be regarded as entirely exceptional, since we have feen that the voteot Philadelphia varies but little from the average vote of the whole coun try. As tbe vote cast by the dominant party of the city of New York decides the fate ol the State at large, and the State, in a national con test, is the arbiter of the destinies of the whole country, New York city has been rendered the most holly contested point In the whole line of the conflict, and has therefoie at times boen the theatre ot a more active aud effective canvass than any other section of the United Slates. Ihls was especially the case in 18(11, 18U6, aud 1867, in each of which years the fate of a great national party was trembling in the balance. . In the n?rlcult'iral sections of the country, where the legitimate impediments in the way of a full vote are greater than in large and densely populated cities, aud where fraudulent voting is comparatively unknown, tho proportion of those who habitually neglect the exercise of their political privileges certainly does not tall below the etandard of the two greatest cities of the continent, even it it doet not exceed it Snch is the light ebtimation In which the elective franchise is held by tbe American people; and when we come to inquire iuto iu cauees and ell'ecfs, we find all impartial ob servers, ot whatever political faith, are in agree ment upon one poiut that our present system of delegate election and nominating conven tions, while its more peculiar and corrupt fea tures are to be traced directly aud solely to the apathy cf the people, is in itsell the cause of the continuance of ttiat apathy, if it is not to be regarded as its original source. The abuses of the nominating system of the two great Doliticul organizations into which the i voting populnnoa v( Uie country U prveiit divided, are so numerous and so manifest that they do not require repetition. It is aa anle nthble fact that the machinery of both parties is, for the rtioot part, in the bands of the worst elements which enter into their composition. Men without character and without principle have obtained control of the deWils of the e party organizations; .and by their thoronlt knowledge of all the torus and crook", and thetf lor.g experience In the manipulation of delegat elect lotis and nominating conventions, they are enabled to maintain their power and to place under tribute almost every man. whether honeal or dlshone8t,who would aso're to official pooitloiu This power they wield In the most arbitrary manner, making every conl leration of public interest subservient to their own private and eelftVh aims. In abort, they have re luced petty political trickery to an eteeaut aud elaborate clenee; and, Having mastered it completely, me peop'e would appear to be powerless io their gra p. The only manner in which this glaring abube can be remedied is lor the better cla- of our eitlzens those upon whom fall the heavy burdens levied by unscrupulous ''rings" of political tricksters to enter into a fair and determined contest for tbe mitftery. ' Tbe remedy is certainly distasteful, and Its practical application repulsive to every senti ment of respectability. But fortunately it is not a hopeless one. in the city of Pbiladelph'.a at least. Although but little care is taten to preserve ihe results of delegate elections, we are enabled to arrive at the number of quli3"d voters participating In such electioni held under Republican auspices in two of the ward of Philadelphia. In 1866 there was a very earnest contest lor tbe Councllmanlc nomination in the Twenty-second Ward, and the votes polled for delegates to tbe nominating convention in the interest of tbe rival candidates reached a total of 1449. Yet the Republican vote ot the ward, as hhown hy that cast for Governor John W. Geary, was 2404; the number who participate in the delegate election being therefore but 60 per cent, of the number who subsequently voted at the regular election, and certainly not more than 60 per cent, of all the qualified Republican voters in the ward. The Twenty second is a rural Ward: but when we eo into the very heart of the city, we find ajiimilar state of affairs existing. In the Tenth Ward, where the contest for the Councllmanlc nomination in 18G7 wss one of the most snlrited ot late years. and where the successful aspirant for the canal dacv was morallv certain ot an election bv an overwhelming maiorlty, the delegates favoring the rival factions received in tbe aeerecata but 1683 votes. In this ward the Republican candidate for Associate Judge of tbe Court of Common Pleas the lowest on the ticket, certain local inter ests, aside from political questions, operating strongly to his ptejudlce received 2382 votes, showina that but 7u per cent, of his suonortera participated in the delegate election; while, if we taite toe vote tor Associate Juage or the Supreme Court ot the State as a basis, tbe pro portion is decreased to a traction anove 60 per cent, it naa Deen louno lmpossioie to ascertain the exact figures of any of the Democratic dele gate elections, but diligent inquiry anions lead' ing politicians of both parties in several' wards has revealed the 'act that 60 per ceat. is a pro portion seldom attained, and exceeded only iu very rare and extraordinary ca?e.'. In the light afforded by these figures, we are certainly within bounds in placing the average ' number of qualified voters who participated in tne delegate elections oi ineir respective parties in tbe citv of Philadeluhia at not more than two-thirds of those who snbieqnently find their way to the polls at the regular elections. It has already b en fchown that the latter class em braces ordinarily not more than three fourths of those who are entitled to the franchise. Starting out with these data, and making ample allow ance for the usual majorities at bo'.fi the dele gate and regular elections, we have the follow ing result, phowing the utmost extent of tbe power of the "rings" in the cltj of Philadel phis: Percenlane of QuaU Jted Voleri. Number who vote at regular elections 75 Majority who elect at trgolar election 88 Proportion of nuccessiul party who participate in delegate elections M 26 Majority of tbe latter, who control tha nominations and elections 14 Thus it is that the DODular will is nerverted by less than one-seventh of the voting popula- ilea at ttie base or our political morlc, rendered almost as much of a mockery as it has been in Prance. A relorm is certainly needed, and it is as certainly possible. The elective franchise is regarded bv tbe American rteonle too much in the light of a privilege; let it assume the pro portion 01 a duty, tne periormance ot which is incumbent upon all, and n marvellous change will result. A popular election will then become a true expression of "the voice of the people," which we can implicitly and safely accept as "the voice ol God." FIRE AND BURGLAR PROOFSAFE0 piR E-P ROOF S AFES. $10,000 In Money, raluaMe Books and Tapers perfectly preserved through, tno fire of July 20, 18G8, at Doyc's Depot South Carolina, In one of SIAUYIN'S SAFES, owned by DE L0RME & DOTE. 50,000 feet of Lumber destroyed In onr rianlng Mill In Brooklyn, May 15, 1868 All our Money, Tapers, aud Books, eared In excellent order in a MARYLS'S SAFE, Alum and Dry Fluster. SHEARMAN BROS. Both of the above were TERY SEVERE TES1S. A PERFECT SAFE. MAEYIN'S CHROME IKON SPHERICAL BURGLAB SAFE Cannot be Sledged ! Cannot be Wedged ! Cannoi be Drilled I CALL AND BEE THEM, OB 8JEND fOti DK- BSJiUfXlVil. C1KOU1.AK. MARVIN & CO., TRLNC1TAL 1 721 C11ESTAUTST., WAREHOUSES, 9 (Masonic Hall), Thila., 5 BBUAUWAT, SEW TOKK, 10S BANK STltEET, IXEVBLANl), O., And for sale by oar Aienta in the principal cities throughout the United blatea. 8 81 murrain n . T. . M A T H v. n "Til I 1IEB AND BtTUGLAU-FKOOF SAFES, LOCJCbMlTH, BKLWIANOKR, AND DEAL.EB 861 EDUCATIONAL. IN .BUILULMU JiAKUWAHU. No. 434 KA(JE Street. CARRIAGES. GARDNER & FLEMING, CAItlUAGE BUILDKU3, Ho. 214 SOUTH FIFTH STREET, BELOW WALNUT, An nortmont of SEW AND BECOND-HAND CARRIAGES ftlWHT 00 hand ftt REAMONABLB B. II. Y. LAUDIRBaCII'S BKLEUT Classical, Scientific and Commercial School! for Boy. and Young Men, will open on MONDAY September 14, at the AHHICMHLY IIU1LDINOS, TKNTU and CHKUJ4UT Streets. Thla icaool will combine tbe-Uioronghnem and syi tern of a 11 rat-elm publlo school, with ttia peculiar advantage ot a WELL-APPOINTED IRIVATB ACADEMY. I Application for admiMlnn wht ba made at tha rooms d.'ly, from 9 A. M. ti 4 P. M. Itllm N. B. No tent ber won bag not had jreara of BUcces. tul practice will be employed Id an dpriineut. gTEYESSDALE INSTITUTE. UUAUDJISU BUUUUL 1TUK YUUINU LiAIHKS. I Terrut Board, Tuition, etc per (cholattlo year, f '00, NO EXTRAS. j Circular at Maura. Fairbanks A Ewlng'a, No. 71 CnrBNTJT Street; also at Mtssr. T. B. Peterson ,& Brother' ,No. 806 CHESSUT Street, Address, personally or by not, N. FOSTER BROWNE. Principal, 10 Jhmtf HonMi Amnoy, N. J. E1LPON hEMINART (LATH I.ISWOOl) HALL), oppoHiie tbe Vora Kuitd SUUou, Murih Pe.Bsjlvaula AiMlroad.seveu miles Iroui Pulliulel pliI. Ibe Fifteenth Session of Miss OARR'S Select Boarding bchocl lor Young I,Kdies will commence ut tbe sbove beautllul aud haallhlttl sltuatluu. becleui ber 19, 186S. lucreatifd accommodations having been obtained by change ol residence, there are a lew vacancies, whkb may be tilled by early application to tlie Prin cipal, Uhoemakertowu P. U., Montgomery Uouuty, Ulrcnlars. and everv Information regarding the scbool, given at tbe Ofllce ot JAY C00K.E & Co., Bankers, No. 114 S. TillitD Street, Philadelphia, or aa wove. 8 18 2(11 QT. FKANCIS' COLLKUE, IN CAUE OF KJ ranciscHn Brothers, LORHfTo. Cambria ixiiiDiy, rm: lour miles lrom urensun. Chartered In 1H68, with privilege of conferring decrees. Location tbe most healthy In the State, the Allegheny Moun tains being proverbial lor pure water, bracing air, aud picturesque scenery. Scholastic year commences 1st ot September and ends 2tfih of June. Land Surveying apparatus furnished grails. Students admitted from eight years to manhood. Board and tuition, payable in auvauue, , iw per session, classical ana modern laHguaKm VAira. flu. References Klunt Rev. BIshoD Wood. Phlladal, Pbla: Riuht Rev. Blshoo Lomeuec. PULMhurr: and Rev. T. H. Reynolds, Lorelto. Muslo (piano and use ui instrument;, exo o IN zm TJAMILTON INSTIHJ1E DA AND HOARD. -1JL lug-School for Voting Ladles, Ko. 8810 CHENUT Street, Philadelphia, will reopen on MONDAY, Sep tember 7, lata. For terms, eto , apply to 8 4tf PHILIP A. CREGAR, A. M., Principal. TANB M. HARPER WILL KBOPENeHEB " school for Boys and Girls, No. 17a CHliSNTJT Street. September (ninth month) 21st. At plication for admltslon can be made at the room on tbe 17th and 18th , from 10 to 12 o'clock, or alter the school commences. u lb lui OHESNCT STREET FEMALE SEMINARY. PlilL.ADF.LPUl A. ' Aiiss liuMJSKY and Miss DILLAYE will reopen their Boardmg and Day School (Tulny-sevunto Session), Sf pitjinber 18, at No, 1015 Chesuut street. Particulars from circulars. 8 10 to 10 1 rpHB PHILADELPHIA SCHOOL OF DE- JL SIGN POR WOA1KN, N OKTUWKsT PUNN bwDAKK, reopens on MONDAY, neptepiber 14 Catalogues can be had at the School-house by perso nal application or by post, T. W. BRA ID WOOD, ; 8 28fm4t 9 9wfm6t Principal. ACADEMY OF THE PROTESTANT EPI9 COPAL CHURCH, LOCUdT and JUNIPAU Streets. The Autumnal Session opened on SEPTEMBER 7. jAMJUd W. ROBINS, A. M 9 7 mwHw Head Master. TVyTISS ELIZA W. SMITH'S FRENCH ASD XYJ. ENGLISH BOARDING AND DAY SUHOOL iOlt "ioUJSG LADlliS, No. i:U4 sPRCTCE Street, will reopen on MONDAY, September 14. 6 29 6w CLASS rCAL INSTITUTE, DEAN STREET, above bPRTJClk Tbe duties ot the Classical Institute wPl be resumed S.limUt. J. W. VAIUKH. It. 1. 8 27 lm Principal. HD. GREGORY, A. M., WILL RE-OPEN his CLASSIC L aud ENULIsil SCHOOL, No. 1108 MARKET Street, on TUJiSDAY, Bepteia berl. 8 M lm THE MISSES JOHNSTON'S BOARDING and Day School lor Young Ladles, No. 127 bl'RUCiii street, will reopen (D, V.) September 1. 1W8. 8 24 2QA THE MISSES ROGERS, NO. 1914 PINE Street, will reopen their Sobool lor Young Ladles aud Children, on MONDAY, September 7. 1 luthklm E. & J. RUGEU9. MUSICAL INSTRUCTION. INSURANCE COMPANIES. FirE Insurance. LlTcrpooL and LjnUf.N nd GlobE iHsoranclj CompuuYi ABHET ' ' i SEVENTEEN MILLIONS. Short Term, rcrpclnitl, Floating, and Ecat TolicieB Issned on farerable terms. ( Office, No. 6 MERCHANTS' EXCU ANUE. AT WOOD SMITH, ' 118 8m OXNKRAL AGBNT. J1SS JENNIE T. BECK, TEACHER OF PIANO-FORTE, No. 746 FLORIDA Street, between Eleventh and Twelfth, below Fltzwater. 94 ' PROFESSOR E. BARILl WILL COMMENCE bis Singing Lessons on tbe 14th of September. Address No. 1102 CHBSNTJT StieeU Circulars can be obtained In all Music Stores. 9 7 mwflm SINGING CLASSES FOR LADIES AND Gentlemen. Terms, (10 per quarter ot 12 weeks. A. R. TAYLOR, 9 17 6t No. 1207 FILBERT Street. SIO. P. IiONDlNELLA, TEACHER OF SING ING. Private lessons and classes. Residence, No. 808 a THIRTEENTH Street. 819 tax PIANO.-MR. V. VON AMSBERQ HAS RE sumtd his A.essons, No. 264 aouth isth st, 916 lm BOWERS. TEACHER OF PIANO AND SINGING, No. 6b8 S. TaiNTH Street. 9 11 tf T STOVES, RANGES, ETC. NOTICE. THE UNDERSIGNED would call attention of the pnblic to his NEW GOLDEN EAGLE FGRNACKj. ' This la an eullcelr new heater. It la so con structed as to at once commend ltaelt to general favor, belli g a combination of wrought and oast iron. It 1 very siuipiv in iu. wiauwuuu, ruu m perieuuy air light; self cleanltig, having no pipes or drums to be taken out and cleaned. It Is so arranged with upright flues as to produoe a larger amount of heat from tbe same weight of uoal triua any furnace now in use. The bygrometrlc condition ot the air as produced by my new arrangement of evaporation will at once de monstrate that it Is the only Hot Air Furnace thai will produce a perfectly healthy atmosphere. Those In want of a complete Heating Apparatus WOOld do well to call aud examine the Golden Eagle, CHARLES WILLIAMS, Noi. 1132 and 1184 MARK ET Street, Philadelphia. A large assortment or Cooking Ranges, vire-board Stoves. Low Down Grates, Ventilators, etc.alway On hand. N. B. Jobbing of all kinds promptly done. 610! TRUSSES. rTJ "BEELEY'S HARD RUBBER TRUSS, &Wt No. 1M7 CflESNGT Street. This Truss our. redly applied will cure and retain with ease the moat dlmcult rupture; always clean, light, easy, sale, and comfortable, used in bathing, fitted to form, never rusts, breaks, soils, becomes limber, or moves from place. No strapping, Hard Rubber Abdominal Sup. porter, by winch the Ai others, Coipalent, and Ladies aullerlng with Female weakness, will find relief and per letl support; very light, neat, and ellectual. Pile Instrument Shoulder liraces, Elastic Stockings fo weak limbs, Suspensions, eto. Also, large stock bee Leather Trnaaea. half usual prtoe. Lady In attend. mtwisi OFFICE OF COLLECTOR INTERNAL REVENUE. SECOND DioTKIOT, PENNSYL VANIA, No. S89 DOCK Street. Saturday, Sept. 28, 18S8. Will be sold at Publlo Eale, at 2 o'clock P. M., ou tbe f rtmlses. Iwenly-tblrd aud Suutb streets, tbe Bl urts ot a Distillery, consisting ol tbree Cupper stUls, three Worm, one Doubler, lot of empty Itomhailn, etc.. seized under warrant of distraint, and to be sold as tbe property of W'cliawl Murpbey, tor United States luiernal Reveiiu taxes due ami unpaid. 9 16 lot JOHN H. DIEHL, Collector. DB. KINKELIN, AFTER A RESIDENCE aud practice ol thirty years at the Northwest coiner of Third and Union streets, has lately re Biovnl to Bnuth ELEVENTH Street, between MAR KET and CMKSN U !', His superiority In the prompt and perfect on re of all rtcent, chronic, loual, and ooustllutloual adeo lions ot a special nature. Is proverbial. Diseases of tbe skin, appearing In a hundred dif ferent forms, totally eradicated; mental and physical weakness, and all nervous debilities scleutlncally and soccesalulljr Heated, Cilice hours lrom I A.M, WBF.JI, DELAWAHE MUTUAL SAFETY" INSUR" A MCE COMPANY . Inoorporated by the Legls 1 ture of Penuaylvania, i8. , ; Office, Southeast corner THIRD and WALrfOT Street, Pbiladelpbla. MARINE IHURACK8 On Vessels, Cargo, au d Frlght. to all part ot th World. INLAND IN8URANCW3 On floods, by river, canal, lake, and land carriages to allarUiOfthaOr,R.n.iN8pBANoBB oKrDrefl?nUer&...a ASSETS TUB COMPANY Novemtier 1, lts7. tvtfi COO Tjnlted state Five Per Cent. box w jxian, 10-4( 1201.000 00 120.000 Tjnlted Btatea Five Per Cent. Ixan. litsi . ISt.lOO'OO 50,000 United States 7 8-10 PerCenuLoan Treasure Notes 62,562'M 100.000 State of Pennsylvania Six Per ' Cent, Loan 110 070 00 128,000 City of PhlladflphlaSIx Percent, Loan (exempt from tax) 126,826 00 69 000 State of New Jersey Six Per Cent. Loan ISl.OOO'Ot 20 000 Pennsylvania Railroad First Moitgage Six Per Cent. Bonds. 19,80000 16,009. Pennsylvania Railroad, Second Mortgage hlx Per Cent. Bonds. 13,378'00 26,000 Western Pennsylvania VAllroad Six Per Cent. Honda f Ponusvl- aula RallroaJ guarap)eU...- 20,000 00 80,000 State ol Tennassea ITjve Per Cent, Loans..... 18,00000 7000 State of Teonesaae Six Percent, ' Loan ,. , i270'00 6,000,800 shares stock ol uermantown Gas Company (principal and Interest cuaranteed by tha city of Philadelphia)....... 16,000 00 T.6C0 16o Shares Stock or Pennsylva nia Railroad Company.. T,8000t 8,000 100 Shares Stock of North Penn. sylvanla Railroad Companr. 1,00000 v,wv bo Shares stock rntiaoeipnia and Southern Wall Steamship WliM?,,,.,..,,,.-.;,,,, 16,00000 201.900 Lnana'nn Itnnna snu IfortfravA. first lieu on City Property ,... 201,90f DO 11,101,400 pur. Market value. 11,102,80260 Real Estate M 88,0000 Rills Receivable for Ansurano male 219,138 87 Balances due at AgencieA Pre- , mlunis on Marine Policies Accrued inteiest and other Oebu due the Company 13,88438 Stock and fccrtp of sundry I nun- , ranee and other companlea 1 Cash in Banti7a'00, MtUn"te1 oifiS t,0iTW Cash In Drawer m'u WWm,.iw.,iiHiiiiiiWMM WO O ...... 181,318 62 ll 607,60616 -nrairr'TORa. 1 Thomas O. Hand. .Jam a Hand, John C. Davis, Samuel E. Stoke. Kamnnd A. Honder, ilUDVIU All DtMt Theophllus Paulding, Hugh Craig. Edward Darlington John R. Penrose, H.Jones Brooke, Henry Sloan. George G. Lelper, William G. Bouiton, Edward Lafourcade, jaouo xuegei, J&mM Triu,n.l. William ULudwIg, Jacob P. Jouea, Joshua P. Eyre, juuu ii. layior, spencer Mc'l value, , Henry C. Dallett, Jr., George W. Bernardon, D. T. Moigan.PHiaburf, J, B. Sempie, THOMAS l vi a i",? 'o m... HUTRY LTLBJS Si& VFreeldent. HENRY BALL. Assistant Secretary, 12 80 1829-C1U11TEB rERFETUAL. Franklin Hrc Insurance Co. or nni.AiKL.i'iiiA4 . OFFICK: Nob 435 and 437 C1IESSUT STREET. ASSETS ON JAMVABY 1. 1808, S003,74000. CAPITAL w.m.i A CCR VED S UHPL UH PKKUIVMS...., " ,m,..m.m... 1 vw,OttO'00 .............l,4ltllSt'g9 .-...l,l81,SA(-aO TJN8TTLED CLAIMS. INCOVJS FOR 1868 83,e93aa t850,0000. IOSBES PAID SINCE 18S9 OVEB i $s.soo,ooo, Perpetual and Temporary Policies on Liberal Terms. Charles N. Banckar. Tobias Wagner, Samuel Grant, George W. Richard. Isaac Lea, DIRECTORS. George Falea, Aiireu f iner, Francis w. Lewis. M. d I'bomaa Sparks. WUliam s. Grant. , CHARLE9 N. BANmriTTt P...M.ni ,9OIWiB FALBS, Vloe-Presioent. JAB. W. McALA.lsritR, seoielary pro tern. Kxcept at Lexington, Kentnoay, this Company ba no Agencies Wesi of Pittsburg. ' i2j INSUBANCB COMPANY or NORTH AMERICA. , No. 232 WALNUT STREET, PHILADA.' INCORPORATED 1794. CHARTER PERPETUAIa Marine, Inland, and lire) Insurance. ASSETS JANUARY 1, 1868, - 2,001,26672. 120,000,000 Losses Paid In Cash ginoe its Organization. DIRKCTORS. Arthur Q. Coffin, George L. Harrison, Francis R. Cod. Koward U. Trotter, Kdward S. Clarke, T. Charlton Henry, Alfred D. Jessuu, John P. White, Louis a Madeira. Samuel W. Jouea. John A. Brown, Cbarlea Taylor, Ambrose "White, William Welsh, Richard D. Wood, S. Morris Wain, John Afafion. ARTHUR Q. COFFIN, President. Charles Piatt, Secretary. WILLIAM BUEHLKR, Harrlsburg, Pa-, Central Agent for the Stale of Penns) lvanla. 12SJ 3TRICTLY MUTUAL. PROVIDENT LIFE AND TRUST CO. OF PHILADELPHIA. OFFICE, No. Ill S. FOURTH STREET. Organized to promote LIFE INSURANCE among member ot tha SOCIETY OF FRIENDS. Good risks of any class accepted. Policies ltaufcd upon approved plans, at the lowest rates. President, ; B AMU EL R. SHIPLEY. Vice-President, WILLIAM C. LUNaaTSETH. Aotuary, ROWLAND PARRY. The advantage otftred by this Company are not axcelled. 7 27 T 0 N D O N , IMPERIAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, ESTABLISHED 180S. Paid-up Capital and Accumulated Funds, ' 98,OOe,00 IN GOLD, LOOAIi DiBKcroas: E. M. ARCniBALU, H. u At. Consul, Cbalruiaa. A A. LOW. of A. A. Low A Bios. KB. JAKrRAY.Of E S. Jatt.ay A CO. RICHARD lKVIN, of Rlcbard IrvluACo, DA V1D SALOMON No. u W. Tblrlv-eiahlh St. J HOOK MAN JOHNtON, of J. J. Johnson & Co. JAMES SI V ART, Of J. J. Stuart A Go, ... . K w CROWELL. Resident Manager, No. 40 PINK street, N. V. PKHVO-.T & M KRRINU, Aneeits, I Kin ".Iv7S.XiiJRDbUwm'ttUdn. INSURANCE COMPANIES. T ILLIMCHA3T A HILT'.O' LNSURAKCE ROOMS, , ' H-1 '1 No. 409 WALNUT St. ASENTS AND ATTORN ET FOR Home Fire Insurance Company, NKW Havkn t-owai, SpringQold Fire and Marino Inn. Con . SPRINGFIELD. MA be), Tonkcrs and Kew York Insurance - NKW TORK Foplcs FJre Insurance Coutpany, ' WO-AOlfJTEIl, MAJSa. Atlantic Fire aui Marine Insurance Co., PROVIDKVCK, R. JL tloardian Fire Insurance Company, JSKW TURK Ltinibcnnau's Fire Insurance Co., CHICAUO, ILL Insurance effected at IXJWEST BATES. AU losses promptly and liberally adjusted at thai Offlce, Ko. 40 WALNUT Strect,- miiiADJCLpuXA. John L. Hodge, M. At Manobv, JohnT. Lewis, William S. Urant, Robert W. Learning, D. Clark Wharton, Lawrence Lewis. Jr. David Lawta.' lenlamin Ettlng, rnomas a., rownrs, A. R. MoHenry, Kdmnnd Castlilon, Samnel Wilcox, Lewis u. j orris. Daniel Smith. Jr.. Alexander Benson, Isaac aszlehurst. 'Ahomaa Atooms, juit., leaves CHESN U'J P1KEMX INSUKA2JCB COMPASY CV PillLADELPliIA. Vr INCORPORATED lo4 CHARTER PERPFTFTA T Thi Company lnuieyrom loss or damage byT on liberal term on buildings, merchandise fnrnltnm etc. for limited periods, and pemiuieai'ou buljdL tags by deposit of premiums. uu OUJ1 he Company has been In active operation for mn. tban SlJify tERS, during wlUoL aJl 1422 beenpviUp::rinedi,narid. " JOHN R. W nPHERKR. Presldimt. BAITT0KTbWlu-ox.Sxwaiarj liaii TTIRE INSURANCE EX'CLUSIVELY- TUB JD HENNSYLVANIA FIRsi INSURANCE COM PAN Y Incorporated 182b Charter Perpetual No 610 WALM UT Street, opposite Independence Square This Company, favorably known to tbe community for over forty years, cjnilunes to Insure against loss or damage by tire on Publlo or Private Buildings, either permanently or for a limited time. Also on Furnltur stocks of Goods, and Merchaudlse gene rally, on liberal terms. Their Capital, together wPh a large Surplna Fond. I Invested In tbe most csretul manner, whiub euahlea them to offer to the Insured an undoubted security In the case ot loss. DlBI-rOttS. John Deverenx, Tboruas esmitn, Henry i.ewls, J. flhllnirhm Fall. jjnuiBi xiauuucK, jr, DANIEL SMITDT, jB.,Presl'ent. WM. 8. CROWELL, Secretary. 8J0 STEAMBOAT LINES. IrfEV- BRISTOL LINC BETWEEN NEW YORK AND BOSTON. VIA BiUS l OU For PROVIDENCE, TAUNTON, NEW BEDFORO CAPE COD, ano ail pointa of railway ouiumunioa Uon. Kw and Norlb. , The new and splendid steamer BRISTOL and PROVIDENCE, leave Pier No. 40 NOR 1'U RIVER, foot of canal street, adjoining Debrasses Street Ferry, New York, at 6 P.M., dally, (Sundays excepted, con necting with steamboat train at Bristol at 4 au A. sc., arriving In Boston at a A. M., In time to oonneot with all the morning train lrom that city. The most de airaole and pleasant rome to the White Mountains, Travellers for that point can make direct couuee tlons by way of Providence and Worcester, or Boston. state-room and Tickets seemed at office en Pier la New York. 81 6m H. O. BRIQQ8. General Manager-, PHILADELPHIA AND THBX ton Sleamooat Line. Tne steamboat unu AurtK.n.01 leaves Anuii street Wharr, tor Trenton, stopping at Tacoay, Torreadale, Beverly, Burlington, Bristol, Florence, Robulus' Wharf, and White Hill. Leaves Arcb Street Wb arf I Leave South Trenton. Saturday, Sept. 1, ! P.ai I Saturday, Sept. ll,&K P. Mi Sunday, Sept. VO, to Burlington, Bristol, aud Inter, mediate landings, leaves Area street wharf at 8 A.M. and t P. M.; leave Bristol at luH A. M. aud H P. M. Monday, Sept, 21, 'Hi P.M Mouday, Sept. 21, j P. At Tuesday, 22, biiA.il Tuesday, ' 22, 9 A.M: Wed'day, 28, A.M Wed day, 23,10 A.M lhursday, " 24. eA.Al ibuisday, " 14, 10SiA.M: Friday, " 2S, 7.A.M Friday, 25, 11 A.M Far to Trenton, 40 centa each way; lntermtdlat places, 26 cents. 4 U WLmtfEZS F0tt CHESTCJi, HOOK, AND aESSZS W1LMINOTON At 8 80 and 8 60 A. AW SU 6 W V, M. The steamer B, K. FELTON and-ARIEL leave CHESNUT Street Wharf (Sundays excepted) at 8 M and 86u A. M.i and 860 P. M., returning leave WU Bilngten at 660 A.M., 12M, and 8W P. At. attopplng at Chester and Hook each way. m Fare, 10 oenta between all pointa. Excursion ticket, 16 oenta, good to return by either boat. 188U KAflflO OPPOSITION TO THE C0U ir T"r RAILROAD AND BIEA a&w urul. i Steamer JOHN SYLVESTER will make dallv excursions lo Wilmington (Sundays exoepted), touoh lug at Cheater and Marcus Uouk, leaving ARCU Street wharf at 10 A. U, and 4 P. AI4 returnUig, leave Wilmington at? A. M. andlP. AL i Light frtighta taken. 4 28U IW-B5a. DAILY IXCDR8IOKB. THB did btnamboat JOHN A. Wau N UT Street Wharf. Phllada- at . . ' n I W t, W ... Un.tl . . . v viut. uu v v viw. x . at., iu, AunuigHia aiMl Bristol, touching at Rlverton. Torresdale, Andalusia, and Beverly. Returning, leaves Bristol at I o'olooar, A. M. and i P. M. Fare. oent each ways Excursion 40 ou. Utl ENGINES, MACHINERY, ETC. PENN 6TIAM 1NG1NB AND " J g BOl LUH WOK KM. NEAk'IK A t.lfuv ik,1 A-tA THEORETICAL ENUINEERa,' ..j 1-, nuiiii!jk-jaaai.iw3, AliAUA. SMlTHt, and FOUNDERS, having tor many year been In successful opeiation, and been exclusively engaged la buildlug aud repairing Marine aud River Euglnes, high andlow-preasure. Iron Sutlers, Watec Tauks, Propeller., etc, eta, reapectfully Oder their services to the publlo as being fully prepared to con tract lor eugluea ot all aisee, Marine, River, audi Stationary; having sen of patterns of different aisea are prepared to execute order with quick despatch. Every description 01 puttern-maklug made at tha shortest notice. High aud Low-prewure Fine Tubular and Cylinder Boilers, ot the best Peunsy lva nla charcoal iron. 4'orgtnga of all bIbcm and kinds, lion and Brass Castings of all descriptions. Roil Turning, Screw Cutting, and all ether work oonneolatt with the above business. Drawings and specifications for all work dona at tbeeatablLihiuent free of charge, and work guaxaa- Tbe subscriber have ample wharf-dock room fog repairs of boats, where they can lie In perfect safely, and are provided with shears, blocks, lalia, eto, au fur raising heavy or light weigh ta. JACOB CNKAFLB, ... JOHM P. LJiVY. 11 BEACH aud PALMER Street. J. VACfcHM MKBBIOK, WILLIAM H. MBBAIOK SJOHjr X4. OOPM. 0UTHWA1SK FOUKDltir, FIFTH AND WAfclLUSUTON Streets. ' PH1UAUKLPHIA. MEHRiCK A SONS. (ENGINEERS AND MACHINT8T3, manufacture High and Low prwsure Steam Englnaa fur Land, Rlvtr, and Mann Service. Boilers, Gasometers, Tanks, Iron Beats, elo. Castings of all kluds, either Iron or brae. Iron Frame Roots lor Oas Work, Workshop, and Railroad Stations, eto. Retorts aud uas Machinery, ot tha latest and most Improved construction. Every description of Plantation Machinery, also Sugar, Saw, aud Urlat Mills, Vacuum Pus, Oil Steam Trains, Defecators, Filters, Pumping, En glues, eto. Bole Agent tot N. Bllleux'a Patent Sugar Boiling Apparatus, Nesmyth's Patent Steam Hammer, audi Asplnwall A Woolsey'g Patent Centrifugal snitac DraUiliJg Hachliia, M L
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers