TSS DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPII. PHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 0, 1867. 8 ap AMERICAN IDEA OF LIBERTY. 8MWh of Hon. James M. Scovel, , n0i(vrel In Camden Jan. I, ie67, at the Concert for the Denefltof Friend less Children. 1 ; and OenttemMM-I uayc requested A eraV Vff V- tVi COuimllteC. td wh?"4 industry ire are indubted lor this great demon tration on behalf ol the noble charity which, thanki to tbe exertion of nelf-nncrificlng onen and generous men, has grown suco-oa-fully Into usefuluei-8 and permanence. With liberty to choose my own subject, I have taken Iot my theme "The American Idea of Liberty," or tbe principle of human liberty as we undcr ftAnd it. And il, in my treatment of a subject no vtoi, and so alive with Interest to every patriot heart, I stray into the tleld political, I beg you to remember ta.i faMily to liberty made eome amongst those helpless children orphans, to be tenderly cared for, because those who eave them life net death with fatal determination, bayonet 'in hand, boldly Yacini? eternity and the death that led them there, that you and I and rnir litpat nntfritv miirht pniov the inestimiolo and Incalculable blessings of liberty, civil and political. , , , . And thus American libcrtv, tho idea of which I will endeavor to present, in not without an iu U to ate rolatibn to an immediate obioot, and to the present occasion. Your home tor the friend less Is more 'than an asylum for the orphan It is a school also. Not only a place for shelter and protection, but a home for culture and MtvtYucenreut in loaratng. The education ne eewwy to qualify for the duties of citizenship wUlhere begiu, and no man can properly est i mate the good influence hero exerted. And lrom ihis home for tho fileudloss may c iiue w)ineo take a front rank in battle at a time of peril to the country. They at least, over whose graves a thrice-returmng spring has scarcely ma4e the grass as yet grow preen, have tauzht of that patriotism and eolf-sacriiice and the aove of humanity go side by side; that 'rlf-rcYorence, self. knowledge, and self-control, These three alone lead life to sovereign power." The price our unreturning braves have paid for liberty teaches us that ! "To Hve by law, ; ' Acting the law we live by without fear , iod, because riarht is riant, to follow tight Were wiuilom in tbe light ol consequeuue." )t is true that the battle is over. Military pageants no longer fill our streets (unless tne 'Boys in Blue" chance to parade): no list of killed and wounded is now read with ea,'er ejes and thrilling heart". Fair hands no longer wipe the death damps from the hero's dyiuir brow; jet none the less do wa mourn the dead for whom a nation yet hasluuiels and tears, remembering th:it fidelity to the nation's dead ! is loyalty to the living. Banners are furled; inukefcj stacked; the spider weaves his gossamer threads athwart the old fortress gun ; and stalwart arais, but lately fiercely swayed in fight, suide the plough, swing the hammer, tend the loom, or clasp in grateful tenderness the forms of their beloved , and unbereaved . And we can devoutly.and with national thanks giving, reoice that in the republic, Moating out on the ensanguined sea of civil commotion, there was intelligence, integrity, and patriot ism enough to anchor safe to Liberty. No dic tator, thank God! shall ever build, from tbe shattered elements of our. greatness, a throne, or com a diadem from tbe pure gold of Ameri can patriotism. No I For while our idea of liberty makes no room for despotism in the United States, we do do not even purpose to permit the Man of December to people Mexico with a - French army, or to create in Latin America a colony tor the empire of France. "Jm the State" was the litvorite formula of a weak and vicious king (Louis XIV). But these words eome to have a new moaning to the Ame rican citizen, who feels, alter four years ot strife, bow near and dear to him is his native laud, with all its proud memories, iti traditions, its triumphs, and its coming struggles To that citizen whose heart throhs with love ot country there is deep slanitlcanee in these simple words, "lam tne State." The sense of civic responsibility has been and ever is the grand moral distinction of upright rulers, giving pure dignity and self-abnegation to their rule. It was tbe great redeeming leature, the being, r inspiration of Cromwell; it lends a sublime charm to the career of William of Orange; it keeps lofty and isolated tbe fame ofWashiug ton; and it sheds a pathetic grace over the memory of Lincoln. Every genuine nationality owes much fo the noble natures, to the men of rare endowments, who are at the same time ambitious and pru dent in their patriotic impulses, and who would risk for their country lar more than they would receive from her. This class of men did much to save this nation. I know none more illustrious than James Wadsworth, of New York, a man of great simplicity of maaner, a gentleman, a scholar, and a soldier, who left his broad patri monial acres to die for his country at the head of his brigade. He is the type of thousands. But though we axe no longer rousedtby the "ear piercing life" or the "spirit-stirring drum," it becomes us in time of peace (for tne Empire of Liberty is peace) to take our bearings and distances, that we prepare for calm or storm. .""When we commonlv speak of liberty, we mean political liberty; but liberty, properly speaking, is a complex Idea. 80 we have natural liberty, which consists in the power of acting as one thinks fit, withoutany restruintor control.exceot from the laws of nations. Then we have civil liberty, which is the liberty of man in a state of society, or natural liberty, so far only abridged acd restrained as is uecesxary and expedient tor the interest and safety of society. Political liberty is roally the liberty of a nation, though sometimes confounded with civil liberty. Religious liberty comes next the liberty for which Luther fouerht; for which tender women and brave men, sailing out of lelt Haven, landed upon a bleak and barren shore on the 16th ot November, 1G20. In the brief period (a Fort ol interlude be tween the more interesting exercises of the evening), I cannot be expected very closely to define, or follow the history ot llborty since the middle ages. That alone would be a separate study, to trace how closely connected is the civil and religious liberty we enjoy to-day with the spirit ot chivalry, embiacing the ideas ot munlfieenoe and honor and personal indepen dence. This personal liberty, in its thorough development, 1b tbe keystone of the arch of modern liberty, the centre of all the sepa rates of which liberty In general is com posed. It would take un evening properly to explain that sturdy idea of religious indepen dence which sent the Mayflower across the ocean with a more noble freight than the vessel which bore imperial Ctesar back to his Roman triumph. , It was the rude barbarians of Germany who introduced the seuiaient of personal inde pendence, this love ol individual liberty, tuto European civilization: it was unknown among the Romans and unknown in the Christian Church; it was unknown in nearly all the civili zations of antiquity. Liberty in the ancient civilization was only the liberty of the citizen. He cared little then for personal liberty. And when we look profoundly into this question, we tind something of a noble and moral character this tuste tor independence, which seems to derive its power lroni our moral nature. It is t.Ve pleasure ot feelinir oneself a man; the sea tiixient of personality, of human spontaneity. 'be .spirit of Christianity wrought a change In the moral character of man, and the mind trugl4 to extinguish its own liberty, and (rive that up at the bidding of religious faith, and as civilization advauced. the man was lost in the ood ot" tbe State; or, as the poet ex j.rwiM if, "The individual wither, uud the ftfite is jpore wl w'.-re." And great writer rajs of this very period :-"ThC teeUnir of pa triotism, restricted as it was at first, was t& onl.y prelude that was then possible to tho recog nition of humanity. "From this narrow nationality there arose in the middle ages the fooling ol universal brother hood as soon as military life had entered on its defensive phase, and allsuocrnatural creeds had spontaneously niersed into a monotheistic form. The growth of chivalry, and the attempt made to efiect a permanent separation ol the t o social powers, announced already the subordination ct foltticB to morai$, and thus showed that the conception of humanity was In direct course of preparation. " 11 er re we bay? the At:,cnn idea of liberty uoni thi) seed-corn of CuUnre in me middle HP's the Idea th'it politics should be come moral by u union with natural Justice. And of this idea, old John Brown, ot 0Qa wattomie, who, with something less than fifty men, lightened Virginia and her mtlitia out of their propriety, is amongst the noblest aud grandest apostles. ILs memory will live torevcr as the type of heroism and of self sacrifice. His death "tolled the knell of old formalities," aud henceforth the world's knights are self ronsecrale. We love his doathleei memory, not because he offended asainotthe unjust laws of Virginia, but because he died to make all men free. And to-day at smaet, the Eunlish soldiers ol Queen Victoria, as they unsling their rifles beside the river Thames, sing "John Brown's body lies a-ntouldoring in the dust, But bis foul is inarching en." And some great painter, hungering for im mortality, will catch inspiration as he paints that scene which will never die, where the grand old man, condemned to death for hate to slavery, on the road to that gallows where he died to make all men free "Stooped between thejeeilng ranks, 10 kiss tne ncsro s cm a." Hullain, the historian, thinks that the thice powerlul spirits which have from time to time moved over the luce ot the waier?, anil given a predominate impulse to the moral sentiments and energies of mankind, are the spirits of re ligion, of libei tv, aud of honor. It was the principal business of chivalry to nnlinate and currish the lost of these three. And whatever high niagnnuimous energy tbe love of liberty or rclieious zeal has ever imparted, was equalled by the exquisite sense of honor which this in stitution preserved. And if we had opportunity, we could readily trace how much the fuith, the courage, and the patriotism of the nineteenth century owe to the influence of chivalry. Aod the same writer thinks that the most beautiful picture of the true spirit of cnivalry was the Achilles of Homer, the representative pf this influence in its most general lorm, with all Its I sincerity and unyielding rectitude, all its cour 1 tei-ies and munificence. Calmly indifferent to I the name in which he is euEraiiod. and contera- ; plating with a serious and unshaken look the ( premature death that awaits him, his heart only 1 beats tor glory aud Iriendship. This is, indeed, a winning character, but there is no moral purpose there; there Is not lu Achilles any of the fanuticism which made Ulyssus 8. Grant's march from (ho Rappahan nock to Richmond greater than tho travels of the ancient Uljssus across the Western seas, and mightier tnan all the exploits ot the Creeks in front of Trov. 8 tanding over the graves of three hundred thousand of our bravest aud best, victims to the rapacity, to the avarice, to the murder of the Kebetlion,l dare to think, when the future hibtorian ol our deadly struggle paints with immortal pencil the heroes ot the nineteenth century, he will take old John Brown as the bright consummate flower ot our civilization, und'put him in the temple of lame above tho Achillea of Homer; ana if any aristocratic skeptic would gaze at another triumph of tne new evauael ol liberty, I will ask him to witness the fulfilment ot tbe oieain of the great Italian statesman, Cavour. . Italy and Venice are at last united. Trace Chivalry back to Charlemagne, and you will find no grander scene than the titty thousand patriots in this land of song. Italy redeemed shouting cicas to liberty and to Victor Emanuel in tbe Square of St Murks, till tbe very pigeons, that had fed there for a century, like tne dove of ancient Scripture, could find no resting-place for their feet I Or if any American is still skeptical, I will point him to the ceu'ral figure ot Italy; tbe man before whom the pictures of the past yield to the brilliant pages of her his tory; the hero of the most spleudid biography human integrity or human fidelity will ever give the world. There he stands I the patriot soldier, Guribaldi, whose only welcome lor his soldiers, in front of battle, was in these words: "Soldiers I lor the love you bear your country I oiler you war, hunger, thirst, coid, and death. Who accepts the terms, let him follow me." No longer will Italy, conquered or conquering, be still a slave, her fields trodden down, and her energies wasted in the strife of rival factious. She takes her place beside regenerated America. Italy is complete, and as alter the lapse of two centuries Maiston Moor across the ocean clasped hands with Gettysburg, because in both these battles the enemies ot the human race went down before the forces of righteousness, of loyalty, andl of liberty, so we share the joy oer the tall ot despotism in the land of Tasso and Dante. It is in national life, as in the lite of widely separated communities, Jequally true thattthe 1 forces go with the victors. Truth soon vanquishes a lie, though the latter travel the switter. Macauley tells us that a mad tailor (no allusion to the occupant of the White UouFe), named Doom'.ck, solemnly asserted that the Supreme Being was six teet high, and that the sun was only four feet from the earth. But the world did not believe (him. And we have what ougbt to be high authority asserting that any decision of the Supreme Court is greater than the will oi the people. When John Brown was hung lor treason to tho State of Vir ginia (there has not been a single traitor hung since 1), William H.Seward declared from his place that he was "justly hung." But, for my part, I had rather be John Brown dead than the hecretary of State alive, and making every day the worst investment ever made by man Infi delity to human liberty and the rights of man. Daniel Webster, on his dealh-bed, said his 7:h oi March speech was the greatest mistake of his lite, and the Huge of Auburn, on his death-bed, will not tail to bewail the day when he consigned a race 4,000,000 strong, the dark-skinned sous of the republic who hud committed no crime, suve in tlds that God made them black who had won their rights bayonet In hand 1 say the venerable and once-beloved Secretary of State will never forget the day when, worshlppiup. I fear, no God but ambition, he mercilessly yielded an opprpssea ana loyal race to tne remorse less, klndless, treacherous care of 71,000 men, who, having committed every crime iu the cal endar, made a -Rebellion and murdered our Pre sident, were then politely requested to taxe the highest seats In the political syuagoerue, because it bud pleased God to crcute these men aud .Rebels white 1 If this be state? manahip, if this be tho American idea ot liberty, then God pity tu-i republic 1 for it will need it; aud besides pit, it will need salvation from on nign, and deli verence from wicked and unjust rulers, who, apparently conscious of superior wisdom, add .one other to Thomas Jefferson's enumeration .of the inalienable rights of man the right of every man to a master I No J no I We spurn such an interpretation of liberty. The Su pi erne Court of the United States may make 1 his interpretation in tho interest of the ereat criminals who aie yet unhung tor the Su preme Court, since the dajs of Dred Scott, can do anything but tbe popular heart, throbbing with the impulse of the Divine law whicU usserfs the equality of man, scorns 4he deci sions of any court, when such decisions are purely political, and made in the interest of Iraud and iuiumice. ' The American people know, and they can never forget the lessou, as they lojk into tbe (aoes of these children, a legacy left us by our loyal dead; they know that for "Justice every place a temple is, aud all seasons summer." They know that, if a Government would last, it can never (and the last bitter lesson of the war said "it shall never") be founded on political falsehood or baseness or fraud, but that. Its foundations must be always just and true. That foundation, then, inunt recognize the absolute iUa)jty tit jean, and bvud before the absolute truth that God never made any man a slave, bat created all men tree and equal. . Tbe American idfa of lihertv demands th-U the liberty of all shall be limited by the like l,tv of each. And it tbe 8 jpreme Court, as it is darkly i!?ted in certain quarters, is deter mined, euided by the ideas of associations gene rated by a long course of events Wena of asso ciations which have given tho arif.ocracy of the South immense powrr-ii this Coyrt means to nullily the will of the people, then the will 0' the American peff)e will nullity that Court with the tame tcrr ble celerity with which the conscience of the, North, sopi Bway 'he Dred Pcottiu'quity. A (ros'samer" weo wC:l- T" stanfl -0Te the ciroitar 0f . HaTaCeQ Saladin thn another Supreme Court decision, in the interest of slavery, would stand before the fierce, hot breath o1 a popular tornado. "An 1" said a great painter who hang breath less over the creation of his magic pencil, "I paint for eternity." And so mav tbe statesmen 01 tuts day say, with clenched hands and stubborn lips, over the grave of our dead, "Wp are bu.ldlng a republic upon Justice, and we are building it for eternity." "A republic," say s John Milton'ought to be the great stature of au honest man." And this is what we propose to make the republic of America. And it is a more maenitlcont struggle than the Missouri Compromise; or the annexa tion o Texas; or the acquisition of California; er the bloody strife ot Kansas; and It Is a con flict of ideas (orimmorlaUty, and for universal liberty, and thus for a better Union, vitalized by the principles ol equality and liberty. Before the splendor ol thit strugsle which is upon us now, whose thunders to-day can be beard in tbe Senate chamber; before that con flict, In the heart of wbich lies tbe destinies of millions yet to be; big with the destinies of your children and mine to tbe latest generation, the clash ol resounding armsreacbinc through four terrible years vanishes into thin air, because the triumph or disaster of this conflict will decide whether liberty shall go forward or shall fail, whether that orinrlnle bball die. or outlast time and live lorever: aud the patriot heart ilwella iii Misns faith while it contemplates the ad vancinff triumph ol the right. As the greit author of the "History ot Civilization" nobly says: "Cruelty lo-dav produces sympathy to-mnr row. A hatred of injustice contributes more than mix other nrinclnlfl to correct the ill coualitiesef lile and to maintain the balance ot nfiuirs. It is the loathing at tyranny which. hv Biirrlnir to their Inmost denths the waimet leelinrrs o the heart, makes it impossible that trrannv should ever tinnllv succeed. This, in sooth, is the noble side of our nature. This is thatpuitot us which, stamped with a eodlike beauty, reveals Its divine origin, and providing lor the most distant contingencies, Is our Kiirest oriiflrantce that violence shall never ulti- mni it trinmnh; that tooucr or later des jotism shall always be overthrown; and that tho great and permanent inteie.-is 01 tne uuuum race shall never be Injured by the wicked counsels ot uninst men." we wouta not, ana inaccu couiu nocspeait disrespectfully of the highest legal tribunal of the land, but I cannot forbear giving you Jeiemy Btntham's Ideathata too close devotion to tne law narrows a man'i mind by sharpening it, aud, in his opinion, "all great lawyer were great rascals," and it does just now occur to us that a greater than Jeremy Benthani did pro nounce "Wo unto tbe lawyers." But there is a brighter side to the picture. The world has advanced. I have endeavored faintly, I know, and imperfectly to trace how religion, from out of wbich grew liberty, built a bridge over chaos and connected ancient and modem civilization. Personal independence, with its leaven of barbaribm, strengthened by a rude morality, gave way to cultuie, and with, culture rose poli tical Liberty, strengthened by tbe principles of Religion and Honor expressed in tho sentiinut, "The Art clasped hands with the Sciences," till we reached the days when "Science struck I be thrones of Earth and Heaven. Which shoos, bat loll not; sad the harmonious mind Fouied l'self forth in all pronhetio song; And music- lilts up the lisieuinir spirit, Until it waks, exempt iroui mortal care, Godlike o'er tho clear billow- of sweet sound, And human bandej first mimicked, aud then mockid, With moulded limbs, more lovely than Its own, The human form, till marble grew divine." But, ladies and gentlemen, before I have done, I beg jour Indulgence while I speak of a uoble arid jouthtul apostle of tbe Idea I have imper fectly endeavored to explain. He wa3 n, son of Maryland. He was remarkable for a heart alive to and in sympathy with the iuteresis of hu manity; for a mind endoired wi'.h rare sensi bility, and so strong in the Inexorable logic of common sense, that. Oy the simple right to coin- 1 mana, ne leu tne column in tne contest in aiary ! land tor the ideas of liberty and for equality ; beiore tbe law a contest for Ideas elevating in j themselves, rich in enthusiasm, aud a part ot I the elemental foundation of tbe republic itself, j I knew him well. He was the flower of cour l tesy. He has been charged with being arrogant and ambitious. But that character cannot be I censured, or thus condemned, which leads its pos I sessor lo be stubbornly convinced, in the depths of a mind of no ordinary powers, of the torrect 1 nets of apolitical principle, and then bids him to a (mere to it wim relentless tenacity through victory or in defeat. In the battle to emancipate Maryland, Henry Winter Davis was in the fore frout of the tight, and the people welcomed him m the words of the knightly Andalusian king: "Take, then, the leading of the van, And charge the Moors again ; 1 here is not suci a lanoe as thine In all tbe host of Spain." Like Azigleo, he expressed the noblest senti ments aud principles In laneuage of simple and earnest vigor. He repudiated statecraft, which, In some high quarters, is mistakeu for both patriotism and wisdom, and he maintained that integrity is better than cunning: and held that good sense and good faith are all the true statesman requires to guide him, even in peril ous times. In doing battle for God and liberty, he relied upon the virtue of the people, and upon the absolute power oi truth and fidelity. He will go down with the history of our con flict as one ot America's most accomplished orators, and one of our most cultured statesmen. He was eloquent in saying lust what ought to be said, and no more. Voltaire says tbat the "life ot genius is active warlare." The career ot Winter Davis proves the truth of the aphorism. But his conflicts are over. He lived till he saw a mo.-t wicked and causeless revolt everywhere subdued; till the iootpiiptof a traitor In arms no longer desecrated American soil. In the full vigor and maturity of his mental and physical energies, and just at the time when his services seem to have been most needed in the great cause of human rights, he has been called away lrom the fray 0 the fiat ol that Wisdom which nevrr errs. He is eone with Baker, with Kearney, w ith Abraham Lincoln; with those we loved once and whobe memories we now revere; iuo .(HW1C8, me soldiers, the trii martyrs ot liberty; and standing over t of Henrv Winter Davis, weepinir tt write: "Here lies one of the tua.il mo duubuub, me SOldlora llio rii,mnliir.? the grave there, we bravest soldiers who ever fought for the libera kiuu vi uuiuauiiji' 1 w'll quote a single passage flora a great ppeechof tbe dead orator made upon the floor ol Congress. He was rebuking the attempt made to Tecoirnize the independence of the Confederacy partly belonging to Jeff. Davis aud chey He used this language:- "Lutil that day, In the name of tbe American nation, in the name or every home In the laud xehtre there is one dead for the hoty cause, in the name ot those who stand before u" iu the ranks of battle, in the name of the liberty our ances tors bavewntided to us, I devote to eternal execration the name of nun who shall propose to destroy this blersed land rather tb.nu its eaemies. "But until that time arrives, it Is the judgment of the American people, there shall be no com promise; that ruin to ourselves or ruin to the botitberD Rebels are the only alternatives. It is only by resolutions oi this kind that nations can rise above great dangers, and overcome them in crises like this. It was only by turtU g France Into a camp, resolved that Europe might exter minate but should not subjugate her, that Fffljicejfl the leading empire of furore to-day. "It is by such a resolve that the American people, coercing a reluctant Government to draw the sword, end stake the national exist ence on the integrity of the repuolle, are now anythlre but the Ingmcnte of a nation before the world, the scorn and hiss ot every petty tyrant. It is because toe people of the United mates, rising to the height of tho occaslou, dedicated this generation to the svord, and, pouring out the blood ot their children as of no account, and vowing before high Heaven that there should be no end to this conflicts but ruin absolute or absolute triumph, that we are now what we are; that the bauner of the r. nubile, still jpoimlng onward, floats uroudl" lu'ihe faceotme enemy's that vsl regions are reduced to obedience to the laws; and that a great host in armed array now presses with steady step into the dark reionn of the Rehellion. It is on v bv tne earnest and abid ing molutlon of the people that, whatever shall tie our I ate, 11 mihu uu icrnuu as uie Amcricsi nation, worthy ol that republic which first 'rod the path ol cmpiic, ana maie no pcre but under the banners ot victory ; that the American people will survive in history, ar.d that will save us. we snail succeca, an.j not fail. I have an abl'tluK confidence in Vne firmness, the patience, and the endurance, of the American people; ana navuig avowed to srana in history on the great resolve ta accept of nothing but victory or ruin, victory Is ours. And il with such heroic resolve we fall, we fall with honor, and transmit the name of liberty com mitted to our keeping untarnished, to go down to future generations. The historian of our decline and fall, contemplating the ruins of the last gTeat republic, and drawing from its late lessons of wisdom on tbe wayward ness of men, shall drop a tear, as he records with sorrow tho vain heroism ol that people who dedicated and sacrificed themselves to the cause of freedom, and by their example will keep alive ber worship in the hearts of men till happier generations shall learu to walk In her paths. Yet, sir, if we must fall, let our Inst hours be stained by no weakness. If we must full, let us stand amid the crash of the falling Republic, and be buried In its ruins, so tbat history m ty tukc note that men lived in the middle of the nineteenth century worthy of a better fate, but chastised by God for the sins of their forefathers. Lot the rums of the Republic remain to testily to tbe latest genera tions our greatness and our heroism. Aud let liberty, crownlcss and childless, sit upon the niins, crying aloud in a sad wail to the nations of Ithe world 'I nursed and brought np chil dren, and they have rebelled against me." Let the youiig men of our land who sneer at the rights of mankind, who have no weapon but riotcule for the services and suffer ngs of the "bondmen's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil "Let those who think it "in justice" to enter the lists for the rights of the many against the oppressors of the few let all who hesitate to side with the nation in her struggle for a purer lile, bend low before the name and lame of Henry Winter Davis, whose whole lite was an example ot devotion to liberty. But, ladies and g. ntlenien. the American Idea of Liberty, of which, doubtless, you have now beard enough, means to reconstruct thee rebel lious children. There shall never bo any more rebellion. We have but this one country. It is the beri taee of every man and woman who loves and walks beneath the nation's flag. There must be and there will be no disfrauchl-ed class. The moment you sanotion the piinciple that there shall be a disfranchised class, tbat moment you sanction a principle fatal to the peace and per manence of the republic. Tbe Bible and tbe Declaration of Independence will give the in spiration by which we will construe constitu tional liberty. As these little children aro taught to love their country, let them be tauirat tbat in America the human law is only a reflex ot that divine law which proclaims the equality ol man: tbat in God's sight there Is neither Jew nor Greek, barbarian nor Scythian, bond or free. And as the rising sun kisses the banner of our coutitry, ecT2tcftre,.eiiger eyes will open, and loncriug hearts will yearn towards us from Ire land under tho yoke, lrom England cursed by privdege, lor Italy rising from the long years of retribution from the tyrauny ol Rome; and the prayers of tbe oppressed in every land will ascend in tl.aukfulness to God that in all the world there is one land, and that land America, where there is neither collie, nor shackle, nor slave-mart, or any other symbol of human bondage, but where "the voice of the oppressor is no more heard forever," and where 11 is the Christian statesman's boast that "Pure law commessuies perlect freedom. " DRY GOODS. PRICE & WOOD, N. W. Ccrner EIGHTH and FILBERT, HAVE JUST OPENED Several cases of Bleached Knslins, yard wido, 20, 28, 26, 28, and 81 cents per yard. WiUiamsvillo, Wamsutta, New York Mills, and Utlca. lard-wide Unhlosched Muslins, 18, 23, and 26 cents, 6-4, 6-4, 8-4, 9 4, arid 10-4 Eheotrog Muslins. 1 case extia heavy 6-4 Pillow-case Haslin, 26 cent per yard. Best Quality American Prints, 18 J cento. Beavy Power-loom Table Linens. Just opened, 100 dozen Heavy Linon Towels, 22 cents. Linen Toylies, tVSO per dozen. Linen Napkins, C8 00 np to S8 00 per dozen. Rust la Crash, 12, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, and 23 o?nts. A large assortment of Ladies' md bents' Hem stitched Handkerchiefs. Ladles' Linen Handkerchiefs, 13, 11, 19,20, 0, and 81 cents. A large lot of Ladies' French C'.oth Gloves, 50, 53. 62, 66, CO, and 75 cents. Gonta' Cloth Glove. (10 22 Ladles' and Gents' Merino VYsts aud Pants, etc PRICE & WOOD, N. W. CORNER HIQflTII AND FILBERT. HOLES ALE COTTON YARN" COMMISSION WAHEHOUSK. R. T. WHITE A CO., Manufacturer's Ageuta tor tlta sal of COTTON WABPS AND SKEIlf YAttXS.ad numbers. UOslEHY YARNS In the skein or cop. COno, WOuLLfcAi, AMD LIN EM CARPET CHAIN. .11 n K FflXINO. for Venetian Carnets lill.I.IAU. BE.inrj. IXIRA HEAVY BLACK WADDINU FOR CLOTHIERS' USE Eto No. !3T MAUKKT Street, PUIla. B T WBITI. f, B. DU BOIS. 11 1 wtbtuSuirp 628 HOOP HKIRTS. 628 I LATEST BTYLK, JUST OTTT IE ft Til TK 1I,, for the Fromenadr.aM Trd round rilE CUAMflUii Tttxib, tut the Drawing-room, yiidg round. 1 bene Skirts are m ever? way the moat dealiabU tbat we Lv beretoioie ofleied to itie public; also, compluia line of Ldie', illse', aud Children's f luln und 1'rall Hoop f-klrts lrom !IM to 4 yfeids in circumlerenoe of ever; ltngih. all or "oar own muke," wiioltaaie aud letail, cud warranted to lve smtixf iction. Constantly on hand low-prioed Mew York mule fiklrts. Plain aud Trail, V0 seringa, 90 eenu 25 apriugs, f 1 M lrliu, al lOi and 40 springs f lKIV. hkiru iude to oidur, altered, and repaired. Call or arnd lor Circular ol style, alxe aud pr'c M nu'lery and Nalesrooms. p. (f-8 ABCU street, wjjlllsm i, jiomsa, DRY GOODS. LINEN STORK 62B ARCH fiTnEKl'. Pine Table Clothe. Pine Napkins and Doylies. Extra Large Table Cloths. Napkins to Match. IPWARD3 OF 200 PIECES Heavy Power-Loom Table Linen, FROM 75 CENTS PER YARD. THE LARGEST LINEN STOCK IN THE ClTY, tUetuthlm Selling at Importer's Prices. PARIES & WARNER, No. 229 North NINTH Street, ABOVE HACK. BARGAINS I BARGAINS ! Will open to-oay One caae Waltbam Pillow-case Muslin, at 28 cent per yard, Bllnhtly wit. Cheapest I'lliow-ca-e Muslin in the city. Bleached Muaiius at rudnood prices. WUllatnarille, Wamsaita, iforestdule, Semper Idem, AmoakeafT, Bartlett, eto. Unbleached Mas Inn, 20, 21, 22, 26o., eto. Table Linens, 11 )ard wide, 65 cents. Cbeap. FLANXKLb! . All-wool Flannels, 871, 40.42, 45, OOo .ctc. Bargains In yard-wide Stulier F aunol, 60 cents. Plain Jted Flannels, 87 J, 46,60o oto. Bed and Grey 1 willed P lannele. Canton Flannels at s-reatly reilnoed prioeg. Unbleached at 20, 22, 23, 25, 28, 81, eto. Blankets, large alze, all-wool, $5'75. Balmorals, 50 dozen sold this season, tl 75. Cloth Gloves, all kinds, reduced. FAKIES & WARNER, No. 839 North NINTH Street, above Race. N. B. Breakfast Shawls from tl to S3 50. Im mecee loss to manufacturers. 0 29$ Ho. 1024 CBKSNOT Street. I11 Anticipation of Removal to N, W. Corner ELEVENTH and CHESN1TT, White Goods, Laoes and Lace Goods, Handkerchiefs, Ladies and.Gents, every variety. Linen Collars and' Cufft, Veils, Scarfs, Neck Ties, Etc., Embracing Novelties Adapted for HOLIDAY PRESENTS, AT REDUCED PRICKS. E. ITS. NEEDLES. ijtH x-n wa ho hoi 'os. FURNITURE, BEDDING, ETC. M E It II Y CHRISTMAS AND A HAPPY NEW YEAR. COULD & CO., UNION FURNITURE DEPOT, CORNER NINTii AND If ABXET 8T&EET8. ANT) Not. 37 and 39 North SECOND Street, (Opposite Chrlat Bkuich,) Invite all t belr old customers, and aa many new one aa will come, to be their elegant and large assortment of FT RMH' Kfc, luitabltt lor preaenta or otherwise. 2111 Sp HOUSEKEEPERS I hart a larya atoek ol eTery variety 01 FURNITURE Vf hlch I w 111 sell at reduced prices, coualating 01 fLAlN A.ND MAKBLB TOP COTIAUK bClTI WAL.NCT CBAUHi-H BV1TS. I'AHLOK rtl 1Tb IN VBLVltT PLUSH A A KM) K BCIT8 IH 1IA1K CLO'i'H. PAHLOK fcUm I'M KhPS. Bldeboarda, Kxteuaion Tabloi, Wardrobes, Bookcases laureate, Lounges, eto eto. 1 P. OUSTINE' SIS N. E. corner WECONU and KAC1S btreeta. ESTABLISHED 1795. A. S. RODINSON. French Plato Looking-Qlasses, EN G HAVING 3 PAINTINGS DUA WINGS' ETC. Manufacturer of all kinds of LOOKING-GLASS, F0BTBA1T, AND PICTTTBK FRAKES TO ORDER. No. MO CIJESNUT STREET1 TB1HD DOOM ABOVE TOTS CONTINENTAL, mnAPumM. J il GROCERIES, ETC. pATES DU FOIES GItAS JCBT RECEIVED. AN INVOICE OF FUESII PATES DE FOIES SIMON C0LT0N & CMUKE, S. W. Corner WALNUT and EKCII? t II mwMpf JJEW CROP JAPANESE TEA, OF TI1E FINEST QUALITY, FOR BALE BT JAMES It. WEDI3 ..r till EIGHTH and WALNUT Street-. N E F R U I Crown, Basket, La) er. Bunch, Seedless, and nltan BaistrM, entrants, Citron. Prunes, rigs, fiarana Oranges, etc. etc. ALBERT C. ROBERTS, DEALER IN FINE GROCERIES, 11 Trpf Cornet ELEVEN m and VJJJE Sts. G. W. WARNER, No. 1530 AND 1532 RIDG 3CC Arcnne, below Sixteenth Street, KEYSTONE FLOUR STORK Choice BrandaofFamlly and Bakers' Floor, , Corn Meal, Oat Weal, Buckwheat and Bye Floor, Cora, Oats, and Mill Feed ol every description,! tent to all parts ot the city 1 Free of Charge, ltlslmrp RAILROAD LINES. NAMES SIC ROUTE t THE SHORTEST LINE TO ALL POINTsj SOUTH AND SOUTHVES1 l'ASSF.SGEBS FOB Sonolk, Klngnvllle.l ' Welilon, Kavannab., , Baleigh. Augusta, Jiewbern,' Atlanta, - Charlotte, Mnoon. Wi lmington, West Point, Columi.la, I Montgomery , Charleston, I Mobile, and NEW Ilkl.riKi) TO AVOID DELAY (THE POTOMAC BE1KQ rT.IIHI. HV 1,F. RHflfrT.T H IT V ill'ITffTil ar thb ' NEW AND SHORi AwNAMESSIC ROUTS Trains leave Depot, PHILADELPHIA, WILMINGTON, AND BALTIMORE! . KA 1 1. HO A II, , BROAD Street and WAMdlNOTOS Avenne, ! . DAILY (Haturdaj excepted), at 11 P. M , Arriving- in Km folk at i P. U. the following- dav,1 FIVE HOU KM tiUUKER T9 s. H 11Y ANY 7THHB LINK, and making close couueotlona for alt folate SOUTH AND SOUr II WEST I For Tickets and all other Information, apply at t! office of the Company, No 6'2 n H KB N U 1 Street, of at the Ticket fiftlce oi the Philadelphia. Wilmington, and Baltimore RallVusd, No. Sii CHE1NUT Street. S. P. WILTBASK, , latt GENERAL AGENT. , Jp A S T r II E J G II T L I N E, ALL RAIL ROUTE TO THE SOUM, Via, Orange and Alexandria Railroad stud Ita Connection. The undersigned would respectfully ask the attention el shippers to tbe ONLY ALL RAIL ROUTE between Philadelphia and the South. Merchants and others desirous of avoiding freiuent changes and water transportation, will please mark their freight via O. As A. B. & Rail, and send to depot of Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, BBOAD and PRIME HtreeU. Cars run through from Philadelphia to Lynchburg without breaking bulk Dray receipts famished, nJ Bills of Lading signed at the through freight office ot Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railroad, No 10) South FIFTH Street below Chesnut. Rates guaranteed as low at ail times as by other linos. JAMES C. WILSON, Agent Orange and Alexandria Railroad, 12 27 ipti No. 109 South FIFTH Street. AUCTION SALES. BSCOTT. JR., AUCTIONEER, . No. 100 CHESNUT STREET. ' MODERN OIL PAINTIMG8. On Wedaeaday and Thursday Evemnmt ' dth and 10th inat.. attfK o'clock, at Scott's Art Gallery, No. MMv Cheanutatreet. a collection of about lWJmoUorn oil paintiuga. oi pleating subjects, all elegantly framed lii gold-leal frames. 1 1 4t pA 818$ NCOAST A WARNOOK AUCTIONEERS, e. iM MARKET Street. THE SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY, The Fidelity Insurance, Trust and Safe Dcpos.t Company, for tha Safe Keeping ot Bonds, Stocks, and Oilier Vaiuablea. CAPITAL 500,t)Ut niBEcrons. N. B. BROWNE, KDWARlt W. CLARK CLsRtNOK II CLARK, ALfci A.KIKR HVXUY JOHN WELSH, .b A. : ALDWELLi, J. OILLLNGUAM FELL UtNBV (j OIBbON. CH ARLKs MAUALESTER. ' Office in the lie proof Building of tha Philadelphia National bank. CHtKNCT Street above Fourtu P 1 bla i ompun receives on deposit, and UUARAK. TE IHt, f A KK REAPING o V ALU ABLE oupoo the following rates a year, vii.t " Coupou Bonaa a; nr a 100 Hrijiatered Bonds aod Securities fn ceuta oertKhft Uold Com or Bullion si lb per wt Sl.ver f oln or Bu'llon... 2 oer SUKKI Gold or tsl ver Hate "":""y:..VLim faun Boxes or mnall tin nmAin.nta n aDd liability limited 25tyer jompany, 1 be I'umninv ntlin tor M v KT rnntAr aoln.i...i.. holding tl,e keyl SAFuS INSIDE US VAVLl'H at t(l, M, till, '), and 75 a ) ear, according to size and location. coupons and Interest Cot ected for one per cent Irtereat al owed on Money Deposits. Ihla Company la authorized to receive and execute Trusia of every description, llalmwfip N. B BROWNE, President Bobkbt 1'atterbon. Pecreta-v ud Treasurer. !L5?.S.2AK "ove .sent to' w i elty at a &o pe, ton , wpsrtor jjchig 11 it w" T' fret satisfaction in every rne-r. .rrtTt.L'. are warranted t give No. 11 Houtli THIRI Btieeu Kiunoriuj WA HO 111
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers