LITERATURE. ROVI14W7 OF NEW BOOKS. EnaTKa's Folit. Bf Mrs. Hcnrv Wood. Phila delphia: T. B. Peterson A Brothers. Dad Mr. Henry Wood, at the outset of her Horary career, turned her ambition away from the channel of novel writing, and undertaken the editing of a popular edition of the "Newgate Calendar," we do not doubt but that she would have made a irrcat success. Endowed with won derful fertility of imagination, and much better versed in the criminal law of (J re at Britain thin in the ruloa of arntax, wo regret, both for her own reputat'on aad 'or the good ot the literary -world, that hor good anel had not pointed out to her that the road to glory was through the "Calendar." But fate made her a novelist; and irith all her faults, she can certainly write 'a jnoot entertaining work. By a series of rapid executions she Is enabled to manufacture works with alarming rapidity. Not six months pass but pome new "folly," or "crtme," or somebody's "daughters,", coiies from her pen; and it is thus only In the course oi nature that, with the commencement of the summer season, we should have the regular Instalment. This time the book has come in the shape of "Elster's Folly," which Mossr. Peter son, with their usual energy, have published this morning. Wehavo read with a goodly amount of pleasure the advance copy sent us, and must acknowledge that we derived much amusoment, considerable entertainment, but very little profit from it. It is wrl.ten as all Mr. Wood's books are written. This style is such as an author can only have at high pressure, and when "writing at steam-power; and as to literary merit, though a critic for a rooming contempo. rary tolls 11 it is a "literary curiosity" and "well constructed," It possesses none whatever. The details are nubed together and the plot evolved out of the dota Is. The denouement is certainly well conceived, but at the same time it is so im probable that it is far beyond the most acute penetration to discern its drift. Let us look at the book. The scone opens in the coun try, amid a rural district which is described in the following elegantly constructed sentence: "The harvest was nearly gathered this had been a late season but a fow delda of golden grain, in process of reaping, Imparted their warm tints to the landscape." It was amid this healthy scene that the hero appeared. Wo have vainly sought to discover from various remarks what sort of a looking man the hero was. We are told on page 21 tuat ho was "a tall, (slender man, of about four-and-twenty, a man of evident good breeding." And another valuable piece of information : "He wore a light summer overcoat on his well-cut clothes, and had a most attractive face." An overcoat in August is ratber warm, but he may have had his reasons. This hero was Val Elster, afterwards Lord Hartleton. It was he that was guilty of all the folly of theboak. To let our leaders know what his folly was, we make the following extracts: "A physiognomist might have found fault with the tace; and, while admitting its sweet expression, would have condenued it lor its utter want of resolution. Want ol that, the luabl lity to say 'no' to any sortot persuasion, whether for good or tor ill; in short, a total absence of what may be called moral courage, hud been Iroro his childhood Val Elster's besetting sin. There was a Joke against little Val whon he was a boy ot seven. Some playmates had insisted upon his walking into a pond, and standing there. Poor Val, completely unable to say 'no,' walked in, and was nearly drowned for his pains. Ic had been made a Joke against him then; how many such 'jokes' could have been brought against him since be grew up. Val him Belt oould alone tell. As the child bad been, so was the man; the scrapes tuat his irresolution brought him into he did not care to glance at; and while all too aware of his one lamentable doBclencT, he was equally aware that, he was powerless to make stand against it. People, in epeaking of this, called it 'Lister's Folly.' " Further on, however, we fiud him guilty of other follies, a little nearer crimes. We do not know what Mrs. Wood expected in a gentle man, but we are told, as an evidence ot his great Tirtue, that he always answered people politely, "even if they were his interiors." As a general rule, gentlemen do. But we must leave our hero for the present, and proceed to what we are told "ia link upon link link upon link an awful, heavy, despairing weight of burden, which no hand could lift, and which would have to bo borne for the most part In dread secrecy and silence." Lord Hartleton dies, and Val becomes Earl. He la engaged to a young lady, who, we are told on page 63, was "one of the sweetest, most lovable, most charming ot girls, almost without a compeer in the world for grace, beauty, and goodness." He however fails in love, or, rather, is Inveigled into love, with a Lady Maude, and be comes engaged to them both. This was a little exhibition af his folly. Lady Ma.de, we are told, had "handsome black eyes," but there was a "hardiease" (?) about her. He marries Lady Maude, but continues to love and seek to court the "most lovable girl in the world." Another foUy. Atter his marriage it appears that Lord Hartleton had been married to some one else for a number of years. His marriage was a secret one, he being told to stand up and call the woman his wife. He did so, continued to live with her, and was astonished to find that by the laws of Scotland he was legally married. The breaking of the news to the Earl was rather exciting. We quote the account, with an apology to the reader for its Indelicacy. Mr. Carr was a triend of tho Earl's: "I hope you are well, Lady Hartleton," said Mr. Carr. She would not see the offered hand, but swept onward with a cold courtesy, stopping just a Biomcnt to speak to her hubbaad. "You are not going out with me, Lord liar tleton!" "1 cannot to-night, Mande. Business is detaining me."' She swept onward up the stairs, vouchsafing no other word, 'i'ney lingered a minute before following, to Vet her get into the drawing-room. "Poor Maude i p00r Maude I What will be come of her, il this is brouerht home to me?" "And it it is not brought home to you, tho fact remains iue uuuie," gaia Mr. (Jair, in bis men leas trutu. . . "And our Children ! nnr children !" rrrnnnpl the Earl, a hot hubi 0t dread arising in his white lace. " - Mr. Carr said something abruptly; it sounded like, "You must not havi children." Whatever n was, ioia iiareieion suwered. Too late, Carr: too latev inoy suut memseives in with the stranger, Certainly very melo-dramati, but hardly as refined as Mrs. Homans would like, or in facb Vis. Grundy either. His wife l( oue aaj dies, not of that, bnt from seeing ker son got a Jail. Rather bard that she should live through disgrace, an J then peacefully die from nothing, The wife we mean the Scottish ow-mean THE DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPH. PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY, while has also gone the way of all flesh, and the hero within tbe year marries his third wife, "tho. most lovable girl in the woild." Tbe character of tho Earl is aa equally absurd mixture of opposites. He is gool-hearted and weak, praying continually, as we are told, and has a determination to do his duty, yet is con tinually caught wishing himself dead. Again and again doos the pleasant anticipation break lroni his lip,. Ilis second wife is the best drawn personage in the book, but she seems to us to be rather ppcullar. She hites Val, yet marries him for money that we can understand ; she then loves htm passionately, anil then commences to hate him again without auy cause. Hor feelings are like the tide, continually ebbing and flowing, and while we do not protend to nndors'and the Icmale heart, yet we do think the La Jy Mauds is 'unnatural. , there Is but one other character worthy ot note, and that is the Dowager Countess of Kir tori. We would cordially alvij Mrs. Wool to depict the manners of washerwomen, and leave ladies alone. We never heard of such a character among the fish mongers of Billingsgate, much loss in the polite circle of any civilized nation. We will describe her best by giving an account of her behavior at th time of the first Earl's death: The. Countess Dowager's rrief commenced rather turbulentlv. She taiired and sbnesud and danced round In her pink satin, in the nrdrlle ot the hall, exactly as it sho had been a wild Indian. It was so intensely ludicroiu tha' the ha.l Ka.ed In silence. J "Here lodav, and gone to-morrow!" she sobbed. "Oh-o oh !" "Nay," cried young Carteret; "here to-day, and g ne now. Poor icllow 1 it a awlul." "And yon have done it !" she cried, turning her grief upon the astonished boy, and begin ning to dance round him. "You ! What busi ness had you to allure him off again in that miserable ooat, once h had gone homo?" "Don't trample me d'wn, please !" ho indig nantly returned; "I am as cut up as you can be. Hedges, nadn't you better get Lady Kirton's maid here f I thiuk she's going mad." "And now tho house is without a master," she bemoaned, returning to her own griefs and trouhles, "and I have all iho arrangements thrown upon myacil." "The house w not without a master."' said young Carloret, who seemed inclined to have the last word. "It one master has gone trom it, poor fellow I there's another to ropl.ice him; and he is at your elbow now." He at her elbow was Val Elster. Lady Kirton gathered in the sense of the words, and gave a cry a real, prolonged cry of absolute dismay. "tie can't be its master."' "I should say he is. ma'am. At any rate, he is the Earl of Hartleton." She looked Irom one to the other in helpless doubt. It was a contingency that had never so much as once occurred to ksr. Had she wanted conBrmatiou, the next moment brouaht it to her fiom tbe lips of the butler. "Hedges," called out Peroival, sternly, In his embarrassment and grief, "open to the dining room door. Wo must get the hall clear." "The door is open, my lord." "Yah ah ah I'' shrieked the Countess Dowager; "he, Lord Hartledoul Why, I wa9 going to recommend his brother to slip him oil' to Canada ftr li'e." It wa altogether an unseemly scene at such a time. But neaily everything that the Counter Dowager ot Kiriou did was unseemly. Her ladyship was so continually going through with this war-dance, that we think tha. Mrs. Wood must have Just discovered the word, and sought to make it familiar to her readers. The whole character is much out ot place, and had better have been omitted, or else put in the place of the housekeeper. But with all its faults and absurdities, the book is well worth perusal. It is as absorbing as any book which has fallen under our notice tor months, and will make most entertaining sum mer reading. For intercut, it is the best of all of Mrs. Wood's works, and will, wc autiiwputc, have a vast circle of admirers. While most rid'oulous, it is most absorbing. T. B. Peterson & Brothers have published It from advance sheets. Literature at Horn and Abroad Authors, Artists, Publishers, and Fab . lie Wbst all are JDolotf. The news of Literature at home and abroad, is not encouraging. Book-writing is going on as ceaselessly as ever, it is true (when did the bees ever thinkoney enough had been made?), but book buying has been slacking off for some time back, and bock making is likely to como to a comparative stand still, after the works now under way, and in an advanced 6tatc, shall have been put lorth. Fewer lighter books, for summer and seaside reading, have been published this year than for many befoie. Tbe novels have not been as plentiful as usual. Summer novels are generally of such a trashy nature, however, that, perhaps, we ought nottoiegretthis falling off. Why won't some ot our publishers make a small fortune by collecting in handy volumes the thousand or two short, smart stories which give so many readers to the weekly papers and monthly magazines? Everybody don't care to keep the mind strained over a long novel during the leisure moments they find in the country and at the watering places.' Many lore to pick up a book to while away half an hour's idle time, and then put it away, to be dipped into again as into a bon-bon box this they cannot do with the long novel but this they might do with the volume of fifty or sixty short stoiics. Nothing that has yet been put lorth in this line, however, has been rightly done. The Harpers or the Applctons could get up a volume to meet the demand, if they would neaily bound, with stories selected to suit popular, not U'tthetic tastes. The question now exciting much attention in the literary world, hero and abroad, is that of 1HTKRNAT10NM, COPYRIGHT. The London Athenceum, noticing the accession of a new Ministry in England, says: "They may ,if they please.put the great question of copyright with the United State on a new and sound looting. A movement has arisen In America llseii; and this movement probably re quires no more than a friendly recognition on our Bide to secure its success. The Whigj, it is thought, were un willing to meet and encourage this Ameilcan effort, on the ground of our pride not allowing us to take any further Mops. Surely, in a case where the interests of all our thinkers and writers are concerned, a govern ment otlice may acceot Justice when it is ottered, and put in a corner its own offended majesty." A LETTER FROM M188 BRADDDN TO ONE OK HER CRITICS. The London Spectator having Intimated that in Mies Braddon's novel, "The Doctor's Wife,'' the best porta were at least derived from Flau bert's "Madame Bovary," ihe lady replies thus: "Yonr criticism ol 'The Doctor's Wire' gave me so much gratification that I should be want ing in gratitude were I to allow you to remain under any misapprehension with regard to that book. Permit me then to say. that between it and 'Madame Bovary' no reasonable comparison can be sastainad; most assuredly the latter in no way gave riso to the former. Gustave Flau bert's novel is a morbid analysis oi a vicious and , sensual woman, who abaudons herself unhesi tatingly to a career of unmitigated Infamy. In 'The Doctor's Wife, babel Bleatord ts a senti mental girl, whose mind is steeped in girlish poetry, and whose romantic temperament pre serves her Irom degradation, alter leading her into danger. The very points yon praised ia 'The Docior's Wife' are those In which that story ditlers moot trom 'Madame Bovary.' Indeed, the only resctnblnnoe it is possible for tbe most severe criticism to discover between the two books is in the solitary fact that the heroine of each is the wile of a provincial surseon. and leads a dull life. All the cb ir Actors, all Ui situ ations, incidents, scenery, dialogue, reactions, are entirely my own ; and I defy the most search ing scrutiny to detect a parallel passage or a borrowed though. . "For the 'Lady's Mile I can also affirm that it is all my own thunder, very mild thunder, perhaps, but warranted genuine, nevertheless. "I am, plr, etc., M. E. Bhaddon." Mis B. should have followed the example ef George Elliot, (Miss Evans), who, alter seeing her last book, "Felix Holt.," out of press, took tho money she received for It, $20,000, and went abroad, to avoid reading disagreeable no tices of It ALEXANDRE DUMAS AT BIS OWN GRAVE. Dumas says in a recent letter: "A short time since, an old friend of mine was arrested lor 12400, and thrown into the debtors Jail. He sent me word he was under lock and kev, and asked .me to liberate him. I had not $2400. 1 went to his creditor aud en tered into a contract binding me to deliver six lectures in any sis provincial towns he pleased, provided he released my iriend. He accepted my oiler, and my lrienl came out ot lail at once." Here is Dumas' description of his grave: "There are lew burylna-grounds so pic turesque us that ol Viilcrs Cotierets. Thesku atiuii ol the village in the midt of a lorest enables the lllimcrs to obtain all sorts of trees for the tombs. At a distance ono sees a bosky with different colored leaves, and when one observes the play of light ou all these groups of trees, and hears the lovous birds tlyiug Irom limb to limb, one thinks it must be the purk of come castle ratner than a village cemetery. The lot destined lor our family burying grou jd is a large tqiiare, marked by six magnificent tits, wh.ch were planted at my laihor a burial. They are now forty-nine years old, and are mag niticeut, I never go near tuese Brs without profound emotion. All 1 hao most sacred in my memories lie there. 1 went near them this time humbler and bowed nearer than ever to earth, feariug to loo and auxio.is to see. A grave was dug at tho foot of tho stone which covers my luther's body. The pruvtdigger fctood i a little aistance off Waning on bis spade, as he is represented in Jlam-ft. He had just completed bis task. He saw me coinitiE, and had moved aside. I stopped near the grave. Oh ! sweet bitterness ot tuu, with what sombre voliintiionsness I sought thee! The garden planted on each of I tne graves where my maternal gradlathe' and 3 giauaniotner ana my lather sleep was well kept. 1 liotfded thanks to the giuvedigger who was charped with this dutv. I putln-red a tlower He in each of these gardens, and laid them on tbe bottom of the grave. I saw there 4 long square iraced where there was no moumi. Knowing it was reserved lor somebody, I culled the gravedigger, and asited him 'What is this place lor?' 'It is your ;:rave, M. Dumas. There are still three vacant places in your burying ground, and I have thought vou would be glad to be as near as. possible to your lather and mother. I do not euro whiih one of your parents may die beloreyou; be sure this place will be kept tor you.' I made a sign to the gravedisger to como up, and stamping the ground with my loot to take possession ot it, I said to him: So it is agreed, isn't it? This is my grave V 'Yes, M. ;Dunias.' I took a louis out ot my pocket, and gave it to h'm. He thanked me by a sort of no t, hs ho said: 'You think it will do!' 1 replied, 'Yes, bnt have vou thought to provide aeamt your dving before me?' 'Oh! don't be uneasy about that, M. Dumas; 1 will tell rny successor to take care of it tor you.' " TUB KEVAL-8ARDOU QUARREL HOW FEVAL WROTE "TUK MYSTER11S8 OP LONDON." In Paris they have had quite u literary scandal. It has, of counse, delighted the general public, who are pleased to see literary men pluy battle dore with disagreeable perarnaliaes as ttie shut tlecocks. M. Paul Feval ia the author of it. He made a most unwarrantable attack ou M. Victorien Sardou. M. Feval is a novelist, who, alter struggling fearfully with poverty (which seems the initiation to literature almost every where), rose by degrees to a low, a very low degree of favor among the third and fourth class of newspapers, as a writer ot novels lor their feui'teton. In this position he remained uutil Eugene Sue published his Mysteries ot Paris." The great success of this novel made M. Antenor Joly, then manager of the Vourrier (ana one ol the most curious figures of Paris), anxious to hit upon so ire novel which should counterbalance - tbe reputation of Sue's story. One morning, an idpa struck him, and he went at once to M. Feval's garret. The lollowing conversation took place between them: "Were you ever in London, FevalV" "iiever." "Can you speak or read Euglisa?" "Not one word." "You are just tho niftniornie, because you will write without previous bias! 1 aut you to write a novel ot 150,0u0 lines, enti tied Ihe 'Mysteries of Loudon. Yod will give nie the first three chapter, to-morrow morning. They will bo published in our to-morrow even ing's edition. Here are tho first $1000 copyright in advance." "No, really, I cannot accept thoe propositions. I am not capable of writing an English novel." "Nonsense! What are you wri ing?" "A novel, 'Les Corapagnons du Hasnrd,' which will prove quite a long novel." M. Anttnor Joly rr.n through the first pages of the novel, and exclaimed: -'Why, that is admi rable Jofit the thing we want. Obliterate those French names. Put in English names, torrents ol gin. fog, and tmoke, and . it will be a tirst-rato English uovel. Conclude the first ten chapters, and po to London to complete the woric." A fortnight afterwards M. Feval was iu London. I quote this anecdote for two reasons: to show you how these people, who turn up their noses at tbe Enelifch for "shopkee; era," carry trade even into the realms ot art, and this in tbe most unscrupu lous way; aud to let you ee the beginning ol M. Feval's lortunes. He owed them to tlietulo M. An tenor Joly gave hiin, and to thovozue itenjojed in consequence of Eugene Sue's work's success. He continued to be an obscure writer (altnou'ih bis income was quite comfortable) of novels ia le.uillelons until the deaths ot Frederick tsnule, De lialuc, aud Dp Bernard, and tbe exhaustion ot M. Alexandre Dumas made him moro con spicuous. He did not rise; others fell around hiin and so made him feen. Understanding the an ot using social relations to advance hiinsidt, aud of investing flattery to sure advantage, becoming lees unskilled in the ui-e ot the pen, ho lias, ot late years, occupied a good position. Husband ing his money judiciously, keeping clear of debt, avoiding discreditable rotations with per sons ol both sexe, he has, aided by time, sidled himself into quite a cool position as a literary man by these extraneous aids. Time hallows everything it spares. A 11, which the house maid had killed, or my unule Toby had gently put out of the window, becomes a precious trea sure when time hardens the amber into which it had floundered. . , SORE VS. TENNYSON. Messrs. Noxon, of London, who . are Tenny son's publishers, announce to appear in Decem ber a volume (imperial 4to, price one guinea) containing "Elaiue" by Altrea Tennyson, illus trated by Gustave Dore. There will be nine full page drawings, engraved on steel. In the first style of art. by J. H. Baicer. They say: "The desians ot this artist have never yet been en graved on steel, and consequently have never been interpreted tn their fullest sense. M. Dole has made these drawings with special reference to this mode of engraving, and it was at his special reqneet that the publishers determined ;2i 5ur.tlle Preat outlay necessary to oroduoe this book. H is also the first time that M. Dore has illustrated the works of a contemporary author, and, to use bis own words, he dos res the work "To be a monument to Mr. Tennyson aad hi own powers." "Mon frcro a fait cette ' i ... . .. - tois-cl le grand stiecoM qui fera descendre son nem a la photorlte. Ernert Doie." As Dore is ignorant of English, "Elaine was translated for him Into French prce, and he has made his designs on this. . TBI FBFNCH GOVERN HUNT BUTTUd LAM ART1N I OUT. It is rumored th financial position of M. do Lumaitiue has bcn discussed by the French Cabinet, and it is in contemplation to pa all of hH debts, and etvo him a ondon of $8i)00a J ear, he, on the other hand, transferring to the Government all his estates,, copyrights, and other property. ' It Is uid tho only obstacle to this arrangement is M. de Lamart'ne's hesita tion to accept any lavor fro.u the Ooyernmeni. LAMB. In a few months the "Liie of Charles Lamb," by B. W. Proctor, will be published, "Elia," illustrated by "Bany Corn walL" Lamb diedln December, 1834, and Proctor is now 78 yean old. Taltourd's 'Life,'' and "Memorials" of Lamb re not quite satisfactory, fr they hint a much as Ihey reveal. Thev err, also, in re presenting Lamb as a badly paid man of letters. When be retired from his office in the India House, in 1827, after 27 Tears almost nominal labor there, he was receiving, and had long received, 700 a year, and was superannuated on 450 a year, with a pension to his sister 1n the event of her surviving him, which sho did. In fact. Lamb was better off, all his lile, than most ol his literary contemporaries. FRENCH AUTHORS MANGLING ENGLISH. M. Clement Duvcrnois, one of the e iitorof La Liberie, headed one of the recent ellioiials of his pat er with these English words: "do Uead!" llo meant C Ahead 1 M. Jules Janiu, in a recent Jevi Ut ion, said: "Ahcrse ! A horse! My kingdom for a horse! to ue Samuel John win's language. O rule Sam Johnson!" Have ou noticed tho mistakes made in M. Vic'or Hugo's last novel, in speaking of America f Ho t all Colonel Benton "tbe famous Mis-oun banker," and Clay "the mill bov ot the scar" (translating, not unnaturallv, t'asnes by scHrs), and sajs: "We (Americans) call iVinrield Scott, 'hastv plate ol soup,' because the first thiug he did alter debating th Euelish was to sit down to table." He says the American love for nick names Is a fashion of the lower Greek Empire, and it evidently proves revolting to his tastes. . . . A French newspaper, speaking of the horrors of London, said qu te recently : "Vill it be believed in London a soup made of rotten green walnuts and cato' livers is eaten, and popu lar m all classes ol society T" Some ot tho ub scrtbers to the paper insisted upon tuitherpar tciilars, in order that tbey might avoid this horrible soup when they went to London. The editor caid the soup he alluded to was called in London walnut catsup, and should by all means be avoided. THE NEW YOEK PRESS. EDITORIAL OPINIONS OF THE LEADING JOURNALS UPON CURRENT TOPICS. OCMP1LFD KTKRT DAY WR EVENING TRLFOflAPH, A Pennsylvania View. From the TYibune. The monster meeting at Reading, Pennsylva nia, was so called, we suppose, from the mon strous doctrines it advocated, and the speech of the Hon. Richard Vaux, Its President. As few of our readers may know this statesman, we will write his biography, apologizing for its length. Many yeais ago, Mr. Vaux was Mayor of Phila delphia; many years ago he was elected a Direc tor ot Girard College, but unfortunately had not the benefit of a previous education at that insti tution; many years ago he invented the Vaax shirt collar, which is still largely worn in Phila delphia by himself ; the other day he went to Renoinp, and was appointed spokesman for the Democratic party. Thes are the principal events ot his public career, which, it will be seen, has been htendily downward. First, Mayor, then Director; then Shirt Collar Inventor; then Presi dent of the Reading meeting: this is a fearful decline, and we tear it is not ended, as it is said that Mr. Vaux wants to become Secretary of State under conditions which would make that office next to the lowest iu the country, We are glad ho was allowed to make a speech, for he, of all men. Is best tilted to speak lor the Democracy. Others have the tact to hide its purpot-e?, but Mr. Vaux 6curns concealment. With bis usual eiicgy he seized the occasion to 6how h s knowledge of tho longest words in the dictionary, and to review tne history of the United States. We find, therelore, that th Democrats ot Pennsylvania believe that a word of six sy llubles i better than a wurd of one, nud that the war was begun in New England. It i aho a cardinal article of the Democratic laith that the Lifsent Congress represents nobody, aud that not one of its acts is constitutional. Will Mr. Vaux question the constitutionality oi its adjournment ? Another platform of the party allirma ' It is wrong to leach little niggers to read." From . theue premises the conclusion is reached that "Andrew Johnson is an houeot man, who has remembered the teachings ot his youth, and, though captured lor a while by the Black Republicans, has scratched back to the Democracy." Thus we find out what principles and purposes are attributed to the President by the Democrats who support him. Jolinsonism.in their opinion, is hatred of New England, lear ol the South, and a profound con viction that tbe country will be ruined Li littlo nipsers receive a better education than Presi dents of Democratic meetings. , IIow Train Would Do lu Frxm the Tribune, Mr. George Francis Train, in addition to his regular labors, has taken the Job ol running the Deniocratio party of Nebraska on the Johnson back. He has Just organized it at Omaha as "Tbe Johnson Club of Nebraska," on this plat form: First. That tbe Union is indispensable and insolu- 1)9. Second, The (quality of States and the right of repicsfciiiatiou so einiily guaiauteoo. 1'hti right ot etch liouDB oi Cougresi to judge oi tuo elec.iou and Viuliticstion oi In meniburs, utd Uiut nomumber liquid Lu admitted to either lluu ot w hooe lot ally taere is a reuborable doubt. Ihiia. Tliattluvery is abolished In all the States n a 1 cm touts thereof, and should never, in auy iui ui, Le revived. icuith. ihat each State should prescribe the qualifications of ita own electors. Filth, i lint the right ot each tate to regalato its domestio ahuira bhouid be maintained. fci nth. llmt wo most lulv and cordially approve ol ihe itoin and Inflexible patriotism of i'resident Johnson displayed daring tho late Kcbe'lion, and xarmly aiaiove his untiring eflbrU in bolmlf ot tue viiioruim aud continued prosecution oi the wur under the war poucy of Pio.iUeui Liucoln' Admit nation to na final icult in aving the Union irom dwiunUi n, and we a. to coruiallv aupruvx the policy pursued by the .President in his efforts x restore liar niony and kitdir relations between the different Males ot the Union. ecveiitu. J bat a no Slate oonld witbdrawjirom tne Union, there can b no ruaduiiniiou to the Union, and that all enabling acts lor that purpose aie im proper. tiybib. That Id no event should the Government, direc Jy or indirect y. make remuneration lor nave rberatfd, nor in any manner pav or become resoou ub e lor auy portion of toe debts or liabilities in curred by lb btatet lately In rebellion. Train, we presume, understands how to Larnionl.e "the right of each State to regulate is domestic aflaits" with an assurance that ' Slavery should never, in any form, be revived." That is, we trust, Train's opinion; but suppose fcouth Carolina, Georgia, etc., should think differently which "iovereigniv" is to prevail that ot George or that of Georcia? Then as to "loyalty;" who is to iudgeef and vbose "reasonable doubt" is to exclude a fairly elected member trom his seat in the Senate or Housef ; W e need light on this points can Train oilaflonjlt? . As to a State's prescribing "Ihe qualifications of its own electors." we want to know whn constitute the State that is to do the proscribing: ' JULY 21, 18GG. end if 40.000 adult male Rebels in Honth Caro- i Oonrttfntional amendment, although It U, ia lina are to be anthori od to disfranchise 60,ntM) I sub-tance, eiactly wbat he had himclf rcootn hearty Unionists, we don't agree to It. We 1 mended a few months previously. All ais pre insist that, in our restored Uulon. men who tended moderation 1- simply Indispensable ru- love and foueht to uphold that Union shall not be put und-r the feet of Rebels who foutht oefiwratoiv to . aisiueroocr ana destroy our country till they couid fight no longer. Did ever bo lore a nation triumphant oer internal fos pnts it df'cniors under the icct of. its defeated Insurgents ? Can that be the way to recutc its perpetuity ? Nolo, George Francis 1 the Union is not "perpetual and indissoluble," it it pursue so base and treacherous a policy as that I ' , Steeling tor the Rocks. J"Ym the Nation. . There is a strong impresdoo afloat in politi cal circles that there is trouble of some sort ahead auring the coming 'year trouble more serious than any which the country hat yet had to encounter, and it Is but right that the public should know exactly the nature of the danger into which, in tho opinion of a trrat many men who aie neither hasty aorsiiiple, it is rapidly drifting. There is now very tittle question that the President has fully resolved to commit himself to the cause ot tho South, and turn tbe Govern ment over, so tar as it is in his power to do so. He will make a vigorous ellort to do this by the fo:ms oi luw, and by a liberal use of corrupting official influences; but he will not stop with these, lie 1ih& entered upon a path which may, and unless there be more modera lien in him than has yet been revealed, pro bully will lead blm to an atiempv to cany out his theories by lorce ot arms, unless so tho roughly deleuicd in the elect. ons this tall as to deploy a.l hopes ol Dividing the North. All our readers arc familiar with tbe threats which have been man c by tho lleMdeut's new allies, ol his recopn.-.i:ig the .Southern members, and those who might join them, as the genuine Congress. This ts cot likely to bo done at pro tent, rimply because a quoiutn could not be got together iu that way. When the Southern seats are filled there will be 72 Senators and 242 Re presentatives. But tborc are not more than iil persons row claiming to be Seuatcrs, nor mote tLan.3 claiming to be Representatives, who could possibly be Induced to tnku part in any such disorganizing and revolutionary proceed ings. The scheme, therelore, cannot at present bo carried out with tho slightest proteuse ot legality. But the ntxt Congress will oresent an entirely ditlerent question. Thoro is very little dr.ubt that the Republican party will lose one raore sentative iu Connecticut, thre in New York, one in Pennsylvania, three in Ohio, three in Iiic'liina, two in Illinois, one In Michigan, one in Wisconsin, two in Missouri, and one iu Kentucky ; while tho lour Jobnson-Uuion nieuihors trom Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri will be suc ceeded by other Johnson men, if not re-elected. Four of the members elect Iroin Tenuessee to tbe present Congress are too loyal to support Mr. Johnson. Not more than two of thee will be re-elected. Ho members have been yet elected in Texa. Four Secessionists will appear Irom that reconstructed State next wiuter. Thus, at the opeulng of the Fortieth Congress. 117 persons claiming scats in the IJouso will co tainiy be prepared to support Mr. Johnson's policy. If he can only carry five more be will nave a clear majority of those whom he will' consider lawiully elected to the lower branch ol Congress. Now it is very probable tbat, in addition to those losses which we have before mentioned, the Republicans will lose one member in Connecticut (Mr. Hubbard), two in New York (Me.-.frs. Humphrey and Ketebam), two iu Pennsylvania, (Messrs. Thayer and Miller), two in Ohio (Messrs. Hubbell aid Ashley, or Mr. Clark), one in Indiana (Mr. Hill), one in I.lmois (Mr. Harding), and one in Wis consin (Mr. Sawyer), ten in all; while it is not certain but that five or six other scats may be lost. Taking, however, these estimates as the bofls ot calculation, it will be seen that the pronable loss of 28 members, though it would leave a Republican maloiity of about 40 in the Ilpuse ol Representatives as at f resent consti tuted (113 Republicans to 71 Johnsonians), would yet give the Johnson party 127 members out ot 242, in case tho Southern delegations were aamitted. It the present programne is carried out, the Southern hepr&entativea will insist upon their right to vote lor Speaker at the commencement of the next Congress. The Clerk will not call their names; and the plan meditated is for the 70 or 75 Johnson members who are clearly en titled to teats to ULite w th the 58 excluded Southerners, elect a temporary Chairman in place ot tbe Clerk, choose a Steaker, and apply to the President lor recognition. This recogni tion is, ol course, to be given, and the unrecog nized lloufe to be forcibly cjecred. We need not say that such conduct would lead to the instant impeachment of the oflicials con cerned in it, if the majority of the lawful repre sentatives were allowed to uii-et anywhere, and that tne President would as a matter of course relute to acknowledge tho validity of the pro ceedings. This would equally, as" a marter of coi tse, bring about a conrt ct of authority, tho decision ot which by the Senate would be unavailing to prevent an appeal to force. If convicted by two-thirds of the court ol'impeacn ments, as now constituted, the President would btill tfeuy ihe validity of the sentence, the twenty-two Southern Senators be ng excluded, and thus the issue would bo left to tho decision ot aims. II the new coalion carries 93 out of tho 184 undisputed seats in Congress, Mr. Johnson's triumph may be as peaceful as it wiil be com plete; or it it fails to prevent the election of 122 Republicans, he may abandon tbe hope of success in a struggle where n be can have no preteuBO of legality upon his side; but we think the former alternative highly improbable, and the latter alint bt impossible. , The only remaining prospect, unless the courage of one I arty or the o.her luila at the last momont, is ctvuwar. The disadvantages of the loyal North in such an event must not be denied or underrated. Tbe South would bavc in such a struggle, ex actly ihe position which, it it had taken it in lhCO, would have Insured its triumph. It would undertake to crush a divided North in the name of tbe Federal Government. It would t ght its battles in the name of the United Stutcs, under the command of a nominal President of the United States, and with the sanction of a self-styled Fede ral Congress. It would have an equal chance lor recognition bv all foreign powers. 1 would have powerful aid iu tna' North, espe cially in the States where the local adminkitra ticn might be in tbe hands of John sou men. On the other Lund, it is a lavorable circum stance that the governor of every Northern State is now a Republican, and that the only covcinors who can possibly be displaced by Democrats within tho next year (exceot iu case ol oeath) nre those ot Connecticut, New Yori, and Pennsylvania. The bultc of the Noithera States, therefore, as fur as their executive autho rities are concerned, will cerlaiulv co-operate with Congress. The militia would be placed iiud r ita control, aud, in the absence of a large standing array, this would bo an immense ad vantage. What has brought this Government into Euch a critical position ? Why is it that, alter such a terrible experience as we have lust parsed thtoagh, we are ai.ain driving straight upon the same rocks? For two reasons; the perverse ness of the President, and th" lack of irue states manship in Congress. Ou these points we shall make some brief remarks. It is now undeniable, as it has long been evi dent to all sensible pol it cians, ttiat Mr. Johnson. J months a?o, resolved upon breaking up tbe party to which he owed his election. Ilis offi cious declarations ol neutrality in the fallo'18ti5; his hasty reeosnition of the Southern titates before tbey had really complied with his own terms; the offensive language ot his vetoes, and the bitterness of his speeches, all indicated the detlre of his heart to carry out tbe scheme to which he is row openly committed, of organi zing a party on tbe basis of personal devotion to himseli. As soou as be bad secured the Sue joss ot this darling idea of his brain, be did not hesitate to stultify himself by opposing the new deuce tn a bad cause. His power ot appointment tooflicei restricted by an adverse Henate; his power over the a my y a patriotio l.iou ensnt Gcneral. The mom. nt ho is unlettered he will bow his real nature, to the dismay of those simple people who mistake the shrewdness of a politician tor the d guity of a salesman- Mr. Johnson has determined that hi will shall be law He, no doubt, taucles that he Is acta atcd by a regard lor ute tighU and coastitu- -tional giiaianues; but he has no hcsitati'n ia overriding these whenever it better suits his purposes. Dm regard lor the rights ot the States is so proiound that he. Cannot t ol irate the iuterlereuvd of Congress to tave tbe negro ' race from exterminat.ou; yet it is so shallow that he docs not hesitate to promise military intervention ou be bait ol Hebels at the coming . Missouri election, ilis real obicct u to forc a reconstruction oi tio Lin ou without any oitnl- ' nution of Southern power; nay, even with aa ' men ase ol it. Wp cannot lot Congress' pass entirely without censure, although wc are awaie that itsdutie have been exceedingly dilliculi, and Its path blocked up with embarrasgmouti. Its main detect has been that those of ns members who have auy wisdom Lave lacked courage, aud that those members who bad courage lacked wisdom. While tho majority had neither, but simply good intentious. Mr. Steven has a hdduess and pluck that are invaluable; Diit, un'ortunaiely. be is full ol tlio most absurd inedncvai Ideai. Mr. Fesseuden has au excelleut ludgiuent ot niokt questions, but is over-cautious, and al'ows time to slip by wh le leeliug his ground. We cannot imoj.;i.ie how auy one holding the views expressed in the repf rt ol the Committee on Reconstruction could doubt the power orCon gress to reorganize the Southern State upon, any basis which it mil ht deem fit. Had Cunress done this, and corupleteu the work of restoration upon its own terms, the power of Mr. Johoson lor mischief would have been destroyed, and the deieat ol the Union party been made impossible. It is, however, mor? nnportiut to look to the future thnn to the past. Imminent as are the dancers before us, we do not think it lmpo-slble to avert them; but the oil'ort will require the utmost wisdom and hrmncss on tho part of the Northern people. A timely preparation for the conflict of might have prevented it alto gether, in which cae those who foresaw its appro ch might have been ridiculed as false piopheis. So at this ctisis, it the President boos thai tbe North is fully propaied lo meet him, he will be forced to ablution his sc home, and those w ho now sound tho alarm may then be laughed at; but this is a small risk for us to Dcai compared with the dangers which might bofall tne coun'ry through the unwise silence' ol the press. The proceedings ot the Union caucus at Washington show that our apprehen sions! are shared by many of the oldest and coolest politicians there; the language of our leading generals rhows that they foresee the same contingencies; and if we ire mistaken in our lears, we err at least in good compauy aad on the safer side. The Causes ot Bcnedck's Defeat. From the limes. A French paper assigns as the three principal causes ot Benedck's deleat, that tho Bavarians were too slow, that the Austrians were numeri cally inferior, aud that tbe Prussians, with their needle-guns and rilled caunon, had the best arms. Though all these circumstances may have largely contributed to the loss by the Austrians of the great day of Sudowa, yet we think tbat there were anterior causes at work in favor of the Prussians aud against tho Austrians, and the HlniOBt sole result t tho wait-and-be blessed stratecj, or rather no strategy, of Benedek. We have before us for review all thesucceosive events ot the campaign in Bohemia, beaiuniug with the first auvance ot the PrussWoi into Saxony on the Kith of June, and ending with Sudoa ou the3d ot July. We can now form a comparatively correct estimate of the strategy ol both combatants. Without eiicumberiug our remurks by any extended reference to details, aud endeavoring to be brief, we a-k tho reader's attention lor a lew moments to tho position ia which the lGtn of June, tho day ot tho declara tion ot war, found bo'.h bellUeren's. Prussia had an army of 144,000 men un lor the Orowa Prince in Silesia, extending along the entire Austiian frontier to near Oswiecziu. She hud another army of 120,000 men under Prince Frederick Charles in Prussian Saxony, on the western and along the noithern and northeastern frontier of the kingdom ot Saxony. Austria, on tne other hand, bad a huge army, estimated to consist of about 2(),000 men for active operations in tho field, exclusive of post gamins and other detached service, under Benedek, his hue atreiching like the two sideb ef a triangle Irom tho valley ol the E''cr up into the sa'.ient angle which Bohemia makes into Royal Saxony, and down again along the line of the Gialz ciuutry nndPrussiun Snesia to tbe botocrs ol (Jaltoia. rrom ms extreme northern outpost, near Aussig on tho Elbe, Benedek was only about fourteen miles from Dresden, while the Prus sians, from their neai est point anywhere on the Saxon tronner, had ruoro than thirty. Had there been that vim, aud nerve, and retolutness of aciiou which the Prussians bae shown, in the Austrian com mander, the uighr ol the 10th of Juno would have seen him iu Dresden, and on the 18th he could have controuted with hl3 whole army the three corps d'armee of Prince Froderict Charles on the memorable field before Lelpsic. Two hundred thousand ugalust one hundred and twenty thousand would, io spite of tho PrusHian needle-gun, have given Benedek all the chances of victory. On Ids right the bulk ol the Prus sian army of Silesia, consisting of four corps d'armee, was concentrated between Franken stein, Glatz, and Neisse, and between them aud the Austtians Jay theRieen-gebirge, with easily defensible passes. An Austrian victory over the Prussians at Llepsic, however, would have at ence prevented auy ollensive movement of the Prussiuns in Silesia, lor then Berlin would have bet n much more in danger than Vienna now is. With all these advantages promising, why did Benedek delay and remain quietly cooped up, aa it were, behind bis mountains, whila the Prus sians overran Saxony from two directions In addition to these strategical reasons, so obvious that even au uumilitary eye can comprehend them by carefully studying a good topographical map ot tne country, ho ought to have boen piompted to an instantaneous advance In force, by the political reason that tne Saxon allies of his sovereign should havo been encouraged by the presence ol their Austrian protectors agiinst Prussian invasion, and that the minor German States yet wavering might, by the resolute action ol Austria, have determined to take her side. Certainly these were reasons enough to have counselled action intead of delay. Benedek chese the latter, and in this lies the principal cause ot his ultimate deleat. Tho Prussians, however, acted as Benedek ought to have done, and in this lies the principal cause of their present success. It may be that in his mountain fistnesses north of the lineot Prague and Pardubitz, Benedek considered himself secure agaln3t attat k, and able to repulse anv concerted movements of the enemy; that ho felt himself compelled to commit the same strategical fault as did the Prossiaus by dividing his army luto two column4, ouo operating north opposing Prince Frederick (Dailes, tho other to the en at against the Crown Prince. It may be that he expected the speedy arrival of a cor s of fifty thousaud Bavarians to join the twenty-six thousand Saxons, who were to retire, or hud retired into Bohemia, and with them to constitute the left win.' ot hn arm v covering Prague aud his own flank and roar, and it may alo be that the Bavarians were too slow in coming. AH this may be true, and yet be no cause for bis defeat; since he allowed the Prussians to enter Saxony unopposed, and make it their new ba-e of operations, thus hemming in the northern portion of Bohemia, as il la a vice, and advancing thence against his position ' in concentric lines. Even then, rapidity of movoment could have aaved him. Though military parallels are not . oiten correct, as the conditions or ground of weather, and ntauy other things beyond the ; i i
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