LITERATURE. REVIEW OF NEW BOOKS. Trm Ai.bkbt N'Yakza.Gkrat Rabin oftiibNims, and Explorations of thb Nilk Socrcrh. By Samuel White Baker. With Maps Illustra tions, and Portrait". London: Macralllan A Co. Philadelphia: J. B. Llppincoit A Co. Thp spirit oi exploration has been expended during the last quarter of a century on either the Ice-seas of the Polar replons or the bleak deserts of tropical Africa. While America has almost monopolized all the Northern expeditions, Great Britain has mado Airlca her specialty, and has despatched party after party to solve the vexed question of the souroe of the Nile. Bruce dovotcd hlmwlf with success to tracing the Blue Nile, Speke and Urant asoended tho White branch, and by their narrative added fuel to the flame of udventurej while Mr. Samuel White Baker, following in their footsteps, has penetrated further, and reached a grand reser voir, which he terms Albert K'Yanza. We have no way of determining who Mr. Baker is, ex cept for an incidental remark which Informs us that he is an English gentleman of fortune, who shared with his wife a desire and deterraina . tion to explore tho unsearchable heart of Africa. They set out together in 1861, and, fudging from his diary, his lady proved rather an aid than an Incumbiance in such an arduous undertaking. In March Mr. Baker commenced bw expedition with the hope of meetlnir the East African Ex pedition of Captains Speke and Graut, that had been sent by the English Government, via Zanzibar, for the same great purpose. He trusted, he tells us, "in the guidance of a Divine Providence and the good fortune that sometimes attends a tenacity of f urpose." On April 15 of the year named, he sailed up the Nile from Cairo, crossed the Nubian Desert from Koro!co, thus cutting off the western bend of the Nile, and in seven da.YB' forced camel march attain reached the liver at Abou Hamed. Eight days' march along the Nile brought him to Berber, an important town on the regular caravan route between Cairo and Khartoum. This slight ad vance satisfied him that he could accomplish nothing in the interior of Africa without a knowledge of the Arabic; so he concluded to prepare himself thoroughly for his work by de voting hlm'elf to the study of the language, while spending a year in examining the Nile tributaries from the southeast as far as the Blue Nile, which river he hoped ultimately to descend as lar as Khartoum. This purpose he ultimately accomplished, arriving at the city named on June 11, 18G2, How the place was governed, Mr. Baker thus describes: "The Turk never improves. There is an Arab proverb that 'The press uivor grows lu the loot-print of a lurk,' and nothing can oe more apttv expres sive ot the character ol the nation thau this simp.e adage. Misgovernment, monopo.y, extortion, and ODDression are tile certain aeoomnaniinnnts of Turkish administration At a great distance from all civilization, and separated Hum Lower Ejypt by (be Nubian tiocens, Khartoum affjrds a wido . field for the development ot K??ptiun official ctiar ' voter. Every official plunders; the Governor General extorts trout ali sides; be litis his private pockets by throwing everv conceivable obstao e in - the way of progress, and embarrasses every commer cial movement in order to extort bribe from indi- . viduals. Following the general rule of his prece eesHor, anew Governor upon arrival exhibits a upas- - modto energv. Attended bycavasset and soldiers, he rides through every street of Khartoum, abusing the under, inns lor past negleot, ordering the streets to be swept and (he town to be tbo- - roughly cleansed ; he visits th i marlcet-plaoe, ex amines the quality of the broad at the bakers' stalls, and the meat at the Butchers'. He testi the accu racy of the weights and scales, flues and imprisons the impostors, and institutes a complete reform, concluding his sanitary and phi antbroulo arrange- ' ments by the imposition of some local taxes. Tbo town is comparatively sweet, the bread i or fair ' weight and size, and the new Governor, like a ne w broom, has swept all clean. A few weeks glide away, and the nose again recalls tbo savory old times when streets were nev r swept, and A. th once more reigns paramount. The town relapses into its former state, again the faUe weights usurp the p.aco of honest measures, and the only permanent and visible sign of tbe new administration is the local tax." It was after having acquired a knowledge of Arabic that the great difficulties of the expedi tion began. A mutiny was instigated by tho slave-traders, and had it not been for the deter mined action of Mr. Baker would have ended unfortunately. We quote his account. "I was determined not te be done, and to insist upon the puutehment ot tbe ringleader. 1 accord ingly vi eni towards him wit a the intention of seizing him; but he, being backed by upwards ot lorty nieu, had the impertinence to auaok me, running ior ward with a fury that was ridiculous. To stop tim blow, and to knock bim into the rn.ddle of tbe crowd, was oi difficult; and alter a raid repetition of tbe dose, I disabled him, and seizing him bv tue throat I '.called to my vakeel Paati lor a rope to bind him, 1 but tn an instant t bad a crowd ot men upon me to rescue their leader, tlow the affair would nam ended 1 cannot say i but as the aoeue lay within ten ?ards of my boat, mv wife, who was ill with lever in be cabin, witnessed tbe whole atlrav. ' me surrounded, she rushed out, and in a few minutes ' sue was in the middle ol the crowd, who at that . time were enaeavonng io rescue my prisoner. Her auaden appearance nad a curious eflbot, and i caning upon several or me least mutinous to ' ajwiHi, line very piucKiiy muuu ner way up to me, . Seizing tne opportunity of an indecision that i was lor the moment evinced oj tbe crowd, I shouted U the drummer-boy to beat the drum, la ' an Instant the drum brat, and at the top of mv voice ' 1 ordered the men to Mall In.' 'It isouriou' how mechanically an order is obered If given at the right moment, even in the midst of mutiny. Two-thirds . of toe men fell m.aud lormed in line, while the .; remainder retreated with the nngloauor, Eisur, '..whom they led away, declaring that be was badly hurt. The ailair ended In my Insisting upon all : lorming in line, and upon the ringleader being brought forward. In this critical moment Mrs. Baker, with great taot, came torward aud implored me to forgive him it bek ssed my hand and begged lor pardon This compromise completely won the . men, wbo, al hough a lew minutes before In open mutiny, now called upon their ringleader Essur to apologize, and that all would be nvbt. 1 made them rather a bitter speeoU and dismissed them." Meanwhile rumors had begun to reach the ' explorers that Grant and Speke were some mile further up the river, aud these reports were finally verified on February 15, in a manner which is thus described: ! "Suddenly, on the 15th February, 1 heard the : rattle ol mubketry at a great distance, and a . drop plug tiro lrorn the South. To give Hn idea . of the moment I must extract verbatim from my journal as written at the time. 'Guns tiring m the distance; Debono'u ivory porters arriving, for whom 1 have waited. My men rushed madly . to my boat, with the report that two while men were with them who had come from the ea! . Could thoy be Speke aud Grant? Utf I ran, and soon met them lu reality; hurrah lor old Eng land 1 the? had COnie trnni Iia Vitnrlu N'mnu Jrom which the Nile springs, and the mystery ot ages solved, with my pleasure ot meeting them is the one disappointment, that I had not met them further on the road in my search iur vuciu, uuwever, tne aatislaotion is mat my previous arrangements had been feuch as would nave insured had they been in a tlx. My projected route would v have brought me vit-ewia with them, as they i- had come Irom the lake by the course I had pro - posed to take. All my men, nerlectlv mad with icltement, tiring salutes as usual with ball , cwrnuRe, mey snot, one ot my donkeys, a melan cnoiy sacrifice as an ottering at the completion of this geographical discovery. When I first met - mem iney were wanting along the bank of the river towards my boats. At a distance of about t . a nunaieu yards 1 recognized ray Id irieud , optae, auu wiw my ueart Deanog with oy, i ' took off ray bat and gave a welcome hurrah as 1 . f an towards aim. For the moment, ha did not THE DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPH. PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY, recognise me; ten years' growth of bearJ and moustache had worked a change; and as I wai totally unexpected, my sudden appearance in the centre of Africa apoeared to him Incredible. I hardly required an introduction to his com panion, as we felt already acquainted, and alter the transports ot this happy meeting we walked together to my diahbiah; my men surrounding us with smoke and uotee bv keeping up an un remitting fire of musketry by the way.' " We may give as good an evidence of the inter esting character of the work by quoting at length a description of an elephant hunt as told by Mr. Baker: , ' In abont ton minute we saw the Latookas hurry ing towards us, aud almost immediately atier, I saw two enormous oull elephant with splendid tusks aoout a bundnd yards Irom us, apparently tuo leaders of an approaching nerd Ihe ground was exceedingly favorable, being tolerably open, and yet with suinoient bush to afford a s.ight oover. i'ro scntly several olepuants appeared and join d tho two i j..... i,n urn evidently a comtulerflliln nninher n i ha hnnl. and 1 was on the point ot dismounting i to lake the first shoi on foot, when the La-ookai, too eager, approaonod the herd; their red and blue hel mets at once attracted tne attention of the olepbants, and a tremendous rush took place, tho who e herd closing togotber and tearing off at lull speed, 'fol low me!' I hallooed to ray men, and touching my noise with the spur, I intended to dash into the midst ol the hold. Just at that instant, in his si art, my horse slipped and fell suddonlv upon his side, lallmg upon my right leg, and thus pinning me to the ground, lie wai not up to my weight, and re leasing myselt, I immediately mounted my old Abys sinian hunter, Mctel,' and followed the traos of iho elephants at lull spoed, accompanied by two of tho Latookas, who ran line hounds, ualiopimr, through tho green but tborniess bush. I soon came iu sight of a piand bull elephant, steaming along liko a locomotive enpine straight betore mo. Digging in the spurs, I was soon witain twenty yaids ol bim: but tbe ground was so unlavorablo, being lull 01 bnllalo holes, that I could not pass him. In about a nuaiter 01 an hour, after a careful chase over de p ruis and gullies concealed in high grass, 1 arrived at a level space, and shooting ahoad, 1 gave him a suoulder shot with the lieiuy No. Ill ride. I saw the wound in a good place, but the bud rushed aU ng all the quicker, and again we came into bid pround tbat made it unwie to close. However, on tbe lii st epportunity 1 made a dash by him, and tired my left-t and barrel at full ga lop. tie slackened his speed, but I cou d not halt to reload le-t 1 should lose sight of him in tne high grass and buh. "The elephant thm halted; and turning the horse's head, I again laced bim and roloadod. I thought he was dying, as he stood with trunk drooping and ears Cios-jy pressed back upon his neck. Just at this moment 1 beard the rush of elephants advancing through the green bush upon the rislug ground above the hollow formed by the open spaco oi h'jih Withered grass in which wo were standing faciug each other. My man Yaseen had bolted with his fleet horse at the first charge, and was not to be seen. .Present y, the rushing ound Increased, and the heads ot u o osoiy paced herd of about eighteen elephants showed above the low btisues, and they broke cover, bearing down direo.ly upon rue. both I and my horse onng unobserved in tuo nigh grass, I never saw a mere lovely si?ut; the were all bull with immense tusks. Waiting nntil they wero within twenty yards of me I pallupcd straight at them, giving a veil 'hut turned them. Away they rusnedup the hid, but at so great anaco, that upon the rutty andbroxen ground 1 oould not overtake them, and they onipletely. distanced me. Tetel, ' although a wouderluily steaav hunter, was au un commonly 8 ow horse, but upon this day he appeared to be Blotter than usual, and 1 was not at tbe time aware that he was st riousiy ill. "1 was looking lor a path through iwhio1) I could penetrate the bush, when I suddonlv heard natives shouting in tbe direction where I had lett tne wounded bull. Ga loping towards the spot, I met a few scattered native; amoug others Adda Alter shouting lor some time, at length Tas en appeared upon my horse t'h illll ;' he had tied as usual wueu ne saw tbe troop ot olepbants advancing, and no one knows how lar he had nation Detore tie tnougnc it sale to look behind him. With two mounte l gun- learers and live otht-rs on foot, I had boon entirely deserted through tbe coward co ot my mon. Ihe eiephant tbat I haa lett as dv ing, was gone. One or. the JatooKas naa louoweo upou nis tracts, ana we heard this teliow siiouuiiff in the distance. 1 soon overtook him, and he lea rapidly upon the trac through thick Dushes ana nin grasi, in bdouc a Quarter of an hour we came up with tho elephant; be was standing iu bush, faciug us at about ntty yards' dis auce, and immediately perceiving us, ho gave a saucy jerK who n s ueau, anu ouurguu uiusi determinedly It was exceedingly difficult to escape. owing to the bushos which impeded ihe horse, while the elephant crushod them like cobwoos; however, by turning mv norse snarp round a tree, i manages to evade him after a chase of about a hundred and fifty yards. Disa pearing in the jungie after his charge, 1 immediately followed him. t he ground was hard, and so trooden by elephants tuat it was difficult to single out the track. There was no blood upon the ground, but only on tho trees every now and then, where he hod rubbed past them in his re treat. After nearly two hours passed in slowly fol lowing upon his patb, ",ve suddenly Droko cover ana saw Mm travelling very quietly through an exten sive plain of high grass. Tbe erouud was gently in clining upwards on enuer u tue piuiu, uui mc level was a mass ot aeep, naraenea ru, over wuicu no horse could gallop. Knowing my friend's char acter, I lode up the riBlng ground to reconnoitre; I lound it tolerably cieal oi uoies, ana iar superior io ihe rutty bottom. My two mounted gun-bearers had now joined me, and far irom enjoying the sport, they were almost green with fright, wb.en I ordered tbem to keep close to me and to advance i wanton them to attract the elephant's attention, so as to enable me to obtain a good shoulder snot. Hiding a ong the open plain, 1 at length arrived wittun about fitly yards oi the bull, when he slowly turned. Keining 'Tetel' up, I immediately fired a steady shot at tbe kboulder with tbe Keilly No. 10: for a moment he fell upon hU knees, but, recovering with wonderlul quickness, be was in lull charge upon me Fonuuutel v l bad insuecWd my ground pre vious to the attack, and away I went up the inclina tion to mv rifbt, tbe spurs bard at work, ana tue ele phant screaming with rage, gaining on mo. My horse lelt as though made ot wood, and c.umsuy rolled along in a sort of cow-pallop ; in vain I dug tbe spurs into his flanks, and usged him by rein and voice; not an extra stride could I get out of him, and he reeled along as though thoroughly exhausted, plunging in and out ol the baifalo holes instead of jumping them. Homed was ou my horse 'Mouse,' who, went thiee to Tetei's' one, and insieaa of en deavoring to divert tbe elephant's attention, hj shot ahead, and thought of nothing but getting out ot tbe way. Yaseen, on 'FiluV bad fled in another d'lection; thus 1 had the p'easure of being hunted down upon a sick and disabled horse. I kept look ing rouud, thinking that the elephant wou d give in: we had been running ror neariy hail a mile, and the brute was overhauling me so fast that he was within ten or twelve yards ot the horse's tail,, with his trunk stretched out to catch him. Scream ing like the whistlo of an engine, he fortunate v so l lightened the horse that be went bis best, although bauly, and 1 turned him suddenly down tho hill, and doubled back he a bare The elophaat turned up the hill, and entering tbe jung e he - relinquished the chase, when another hundred jards' run would have bagged me." We cannot but admire the indomitable energy displayed by the most of the daring men who have ventured into an unknown land and un known dangers, and with wild and murderous savages B9 their only companions. An attack of bruin fever prostrated Baker, vet while it weakened him, it could not overcome his deter mination ; and despite pitfalls, fever, elephtvnts, savages, wcnther, and threatened starvation, he, on the 14th March, 1804, realized his hopes and reached liuta W'zize, or, as ho rechristened it, Albert Nyassa. We give his description of this grand consummation of his hopes, as ho ap proached the spot, his guard announced to him that he was nearing his goal. He says: "That night I hardly slept, tot years 1 had striven to reach the 'souree of the Nile In my nightly dreancs during that arduous vovage 1 bad nlwas jailed, but alter so much hard work and per. severance the cup was at mv lips, and 1 was to drtiik at Ihe mysterious lountain betore another sun shou d set at that great reservoir ot nature that ever since creation had baffled all discovery, I had hoped, and praved, and striven through all kinns of dilltcul its, in sickness, starvation, and fatigu", to reach that hidden houict ; and when It had appeared impossible, iwe bad both determined to die upon tue road rather than return detested. Was it possible tbat It was so near, and that to morrow we could say, 'the work l accomplished T ' "The 14tu of March. The sun bad not risen whea J was spurring my ox alter my guide, who hav.ng been promised a double haudiul of beads ou arrival at the lake, had caiiuht tbe enthusiasm of the mo ment. '1 be aay broke beautiluily clear, and having crossed a deep valley between the hula, we toiled up tbe opposite slope. 1 burned to the Summit The glory ot our prize burbt suddenly upon met There, like a sea ot quicksilver, lay lar beneath the grand expanse ol water a bound leu tea-horizon on the south and southwe-t, glittenn In the noon-day sun; and in ihe west, at fifty or) sixty miles d.s auce, blue mountains rose from tbe bosom of tbe lake to a height ol ubout seven thousand teet above the level. itisunposaibiotoaescribethttituniphof that mo men! ; here was the reward lor all oar labor-for the years ol tenacity with wbioh we bad tollod through Atnca. Kiivland had won the souroe of the Nile I J. ong oelore 1 reached this spot, 1 bad arranged to give three cheers with all our men in Kuglislt stylo in honor of the discovery, put now tbat 1 looked down upon the great inland sea lying nestled m the very hoart ot Africa, and thought how vainly mankind hid sonvht these souiccs ihrou-'h-out so many ares, and reflected that I bad beon tbo faumi le Instrument permitted to unravel this portion of tbe great mysterv, when si many gieat r than I had failed,- I felt too serious to vent iny leMing In vain cheeis lor victory, aud I sincerely thanked God for bavin guided and supported us through a I dan gers to the good end. 1 was aboui 1600 teot above the lake, and I looked down irom i he steep granite cliff upon these welonme wa org upon that vast reservoir whioh nourmhod Kgypt, and btought fer tility where all was wilclcrneas upon that great source so long bidden liom mankind; that source of beamy and Oi blessings to minions ol human beings ; and as ono of tho iireatos objects in nature. I deter mined to honor it with a great name. As an Im perishable memonai oi one loved and mourned by our rracious Quoen, deplored by every Kuglishman, I railed this great lako 'The Albert jS'vanza ' Ibn Victoria and the Albert Lakes are tbe sources of iho Kile. The zigzag pitih to descend to the lake was so sUep and dangerous that we were mrcod to leave our oxen with a guide, who was to take them to Wavungo and wait tor our arrival We commenced the descent ol tbe steep pass on loot, i iea tne way, grasping a stout bamboo. Aiy wile In extreme weakness tottered down the pass, supporting nenon upon my shoulder, and stopping to rest every twenty paoes. Alter a toilsome doscont of about two hours, weak with years ot lover, bat lor the moment st'engthened by succes. we named the evel plain below the cl'IT. A walk of about a milo through flat, sandy meadows of fine turf inter spersed witn noes and bush, brought us to the water's edge. The waves were rolling uoon a white pubbly beach. 1 rushed into the lake, and thirsty wiiti neat an i muKue, w in a heart lull ol gratitude I drank deeply irom tho sources of thfl Nile ' Mv nien were perfectly astounded at the annearancs ot the lake. Ihe journey had been so long, and bopo deierred' had so completely sickened their hearts, tbat they had I ncr since disbelieved tn the existence oi the lake, and they vtere persuadod that i was leaning uieni to me soa. rnev now loimia at tbe lake witn amazement; two of th "m had already sceu the sea at Alexandria, and thev unhesitatingly dcclnied tbat ihiswasthe sea, but that it was not l-Blt." With the return home we have nothing to do; and they having sought and found the source of the Nile, we leave the explorers in a state of ecstatic delight. In regard lo the literary merits of the work, we pive tne author credit for a perspicuous style and good descriptive powers, though no thing above the ordinary run of writing tra vellers is evinced. The whole work is mort interesting, and caonot but well repay perusal, It is for sale by J. B. Lipplncotl & Co. School Government, A. S. Barnes & Co. Lippincott & Co. By F. S. Jewell, A. M, Philadelphia Agents, J. B, A valuable little work on a most important subject. Giving, as it does, the deductions of years ot exporieuce, its views should command attention, aud will throw light upon the best methods of school instruction. It is particularly Intcuded for teachers. THE HEW YOBK PKESS. EDITORIAL OPINIONS OF THE LEADING JOURNALS UPON CURKENT TOPICS. COMPILED J. VERY DAY FOB EVXMIKO TKLTORAVn. The Cabinet Crisis Commencement of a Dissolution. From the Times. Close upon tbe heels of a change of the British ministry we have a ministerial crisis at Wash ington. The very atmosphere in the Old World and the New seems to bo charged with the ele ments of change aud reconstruction. Postmaster-General Denison has resignodon grounds of political differences with ihe President, Attorney-General Kpeed is reported tj have fol lowed his example, and Secretaries Stanton and Harlan are expected to lollow. To the inde pendents' Randall, Doolittle, and Dixon call lor a Union Johnson National Convention in Phila delphia, it appears, we are indebted for this commencement of a dissolution, and the story may be bnetly told. Within the last thirty-six hours there have been some very remarkable and momentrxu movements at Wai'hineton in the way of politi cal reconstruction. The call for an independent National Johnson Union Convention at Phila delphia has resulted in an extraordinary effer vescence among the radical. ol Cougress. As Jobu Minor Bolts, in the days of the old Whig paity, declared, in reference to Captain Tyler, "We will head bim or die," so has "oldThad. Stevens" issued his ediot, and all his followers eay "Amen!" in regard to the healing or be heading ot Andrew Johnson. This proposed Philadelphia Convention as it appears, has satisfied even Senator Wilson at last that the President has gone over to the Copperheads, and so, without mincing the matter auy longer, he is to be headed oil', circumvented, and put down. To accomplish this object three combined movements were undertaken. First, the radical caucus, which has pronounced against this propoeed Philadelphia Johnson Natiaual Union Convention in August ; secondly, a couuter couvention in Philadelphia, in September, of tout hem radical Kepublicans; aud thirdly, a supporting movement among the radical ele ments of the Onbinet. By the first of these agencies it is expected that, the whole rank and tie of the Republican organization not per sonally bound to the Administration will bo whipped into line; by the second device the formation of an active Southern party in support ol Cougiess, and in opposition to tne President, is anticipated; and by the lust expedient, ot a mutiny in the Cabiutt, the radicals doubtless desire to pu"h Mr. Johnson to the extremity ot suhtnibsion to Congress or to the alternative ot a Cabinet reoreanizaiion while the two houses are still in ses ion, so that the Senate may at ou 'e be able to puss its judgment, yea or nay, upon the nominations made. This is bringing the "irrepressible courlict" to a tight at close quarters. Whnt will be the coaseiiuence8 1 We remember toat when the old dominant Whig party ot Congress of 1841 were about to issue their edict ot ex- cotnmunicaiion against President Tyler, Daniel Webster, his Secretary of State, in hetited from (Jeueral Harrison, touchinaly inquired, in view of the rupture, "VVaero am I to go?" Mr. SewHrd is now in the same predicament: and, like Webster, lor a little while longer he has probably concluded to take his chtinces with tne Administration Philadelphia Johnson Convention and all. But this is the Johnson pill which the amiable Post- masler-Generul, Denison, ot Ohio, has peremp torily refused to swallow, ana a similar retusai is expected or reported from Messrs. Sianton, llnrlan, and Speed. The other two Cabinet members. Mestrs. McCullot h and Welles, it is thought, will still t refer to no with Mr. Seward lor the bird in tbe hand to a'l the birds in the bush, even though put to the test oi endorsing this Johnsonian National Conservative Cauveu- t'ou. But will the President aDDlv this test T Thaddeus Stevens and the radical caucus have thrown down the b aunt let. and the President, we think, mutt either take it up or surrender at discretion. He must, being driven to the wall, rroceed to bring his Cuhinpt to the test raised bv his enemies, or hn must nhnndon his Philadelphia Convention, his Dohcv. and his party, and admit his Administration a failure, The Cabinet collapse, at all events, has com- iiieucea, ana a recouBtrucnon may be consinereu Inevitable. We have had the cry ol "olf, wolf" so often repeated, that it has fur some time been utterly disregarded; but the wolf has now really entered the fold, and the black sheep, it is reasonable to suppose, will all be sacririced. We are stid in tho midst of the greatest events of the nineteenth century, and neither congresses nor cabinets can stand still. Thev must advance with the spirit ot the age, vi iuct win uc utBpuueu. ' ' t J J i Tbe Ministerial Crisis In England, i From the Tribune. ( t The defeat of the Russell-Gladstone Govern ment has been followed by a kind of political dead lock. Upon the resignation of tbe Ministers, the Earl of Derby, the renowned loader of the Tory party, received the Queen's ordors to form new Ministry; and be forthwith addressed himself to tbe task. But unlooked-for difficul ties have presented therasplves. To construot a purely Tory Government with any hope of per manency was felt, It would seem, to be out of the question; so the expediency of coalition naturally suggested itself, and overtures were made to certain prominent Whigs and Influential renegade Liberals to take places in the new administration. This move, however, did not meet with tbe favor anticipated for it, and the idea of coalition has been abandoned. Hi- stricted, consequently, to the Tory party for his cnoice ot colleagues, Liora uerDy, it appears, finds that ' ho has ' not by any means an easy task on hand. A long exclusion from olBce. has whetted the Tory appetite. There is no lack ot patriotic candidates for place, and there are contending claims and sen sitive Jealousies among the aplrants for seats in the Cabinet reoniring nrudent management in order to insure anything like a harmonious and workable Admii.istraiiou. It is not surprising, then, to find that, although England paa Decn ior nearly two weeks virtu ally without a Government, in consequence of the defeat o. Earl Russell's Cabinet, Lord Derby had been compelled to ask for another week- to find successors for tbe displaced Ministry. The oitticuliy be experiences proves that the Tories have placed themselves in a lalse position. The vacillation and the delay are Rigns of conscious weakness. And the whole business is of evil omen lor the Knglish reactionists, the days of whose tenure 'of office are, so to speak, already numbered. The dead-lock will be, of course, but temporary. Lord Derby will doubtless suc ceed tn forming a Ministry, which must retain office at least until the reassembling of Parlia ment in the early part of next year. But we misinterpret sadly the signs of the timps in England, if men of the Tory tvpc will be allowed permanently to control the destinies of the country. The thing seems to be simply impos sible. In marked contrast to the troubles thickening around the leaders of the late Opposition is tbe 5iroud position occupied by the leaders of reform, 'boir apparent defeat has been an actual victory for the cause they so nobly represent and so ably vindicate. A certain portion ot the English press pretend tbat they cannot understand why the Ministers should have resigned; but tbe. event, we are sure, will prove that they acted wisely as well as honorably in accepting the adverse vote ot the House of Commons on their Reform bill as a call lor resignation. Their post t on before the country is now exactly defined. No room is left ior doubt or distrust as to their intentions. They have takn up the gauntlet thrown down by the Tories, aud thev stand solemnly pledged to tight the battle out to the end. Not the Ipast intprestinir feature of tho news lust received in relation to the Ministerial crisis is the intelligence we have ot the reform aeita tion now spreading all over England, and grow ing into formidable proportions. This movement is Just what we anticipated a few days ago. Tho people were comparatively quiet during the discussion of the reform bill iu the House of Commons, because they seemed to have thought it impossible that the Tories would opoose the just concessions to popular claims provided for in that very moderate measure. But when they lound a determination lninltested by the Tory party to throw the bill out, when they heard the great industrial classes ot rJngland reviled and slandered in Parliament by men protesting to be representatives of the people, when thev saw tne disgraceful manoeuvres n wuicn tne Uppo sition resorted in order to deteat a measure ot common justice to tne masses, their indignation and anger became aroused; and it is no wonder that the streets of London are now resounding with the crv of "Down witn Derhv !" "Down with the Tories I" while the cry finds an echo in almost every part of tho kingdom. We look upon these revolutionary indications as hopeful sipns ior me cause oi progress ana justice, espe cially as we nave no tear that they will culnii nate in violence aud bloodshed. The British Toiies Trying Their Hands at cabinet iuaking. 'roro the Timet. By the late news from Europe which we pub lished yesterday there is no progress reported in Lord Derby's attempt at Cabinet makins. Agreeably to what is understood to have been the desire of the Queen, the Tory leader seems to have made a strenuous effort to form a coali tion Government, by oflbnng to place at tho dis posal of Ihe Duke of Somerset, Lord Clarendon, aud Mr. Card well, the seats w hich they have respectively held in Lord Russell's Ministry. Lord Derby appears to have eone even further in concessions to the conservative wing of the Whiis. hv nrettpiiifr llip Hppent.nnrp nt' nrhVo rn rue iuarquis ot L,anasaownc, ana being pre )8rea likewise to provide tor Mr. Lowe, ot the onuon 'limes. These overtures do not seem to have met with satisfactory response; lor the Litest reDorts say mat Liora ueroy nas gone bars to nrsl pnn ciples, ana is to try his luck with bis ola set of colleagues mtioductng, perhaps, one or two yountr men into someol the minor offices. Everv irieud of progress in England must feel pleused that it ha come to this complexion. Some ot tbeVYhiK deserters mav. for the time, give purely Tory Government a certain outtdde sup port, mil tne accession ot such a uovernment will do more to stir up the unrepreeuted masses ol intelligent - Englishmen thun any political eveut that could have happeueti. Already there is a movement ot tne dry bones witniu sight ot the Palace ol Westminster. A heultbv excitement hus been created bv the treachery ihut led to tne overthrow ot tne Kusscll-Glatlstone Ministry. And when the hitter returns to power, a lew months hence, it will be as the recognized leader ot the whole Liberal party in England. He will then select colleagues who will have their heurin in the cause of reform. He will bring to his support an irresistible power ot outside opinion, and ne will carry his franchise and representation measures, as Lord Grey carried his. thirty, years ago, by an appeal to the heulthy voice of tbe people. That is the way iu which great reforms blight to be carried. Abri?fTory interregnum will prove to be of ultimate good. How or to what extent the lorelgn policy of the Government may be attected by the change, we cannot well conjec ture. Except thut, in diving Lord Clarendon the refusal of the seals of the Foreicn Oliice, Lord Derbv would appear to have nothing revo lutionary In view in that department, of the Government. The two families are so luter married that I Ley ought to know each other tolerably well. As iar as this country is con cerned, it will probubly bu as easy getting along with Lord Malmesbury if he should return to the Foreign Oilice as with Lord Clurendou. The Prussian Victories in Bohemia From tne World. We are once more tormented by a series of more or less incoherent and contradictory tele grams from the seat of the great war now raging In Europe; and betore we proceed to examine the general drift of the news by the Persia, it is worth w hile for us to warn American readers of the many difficulties which must attend the transmission of accurate intelligence from a German battle-field through the press of France and England to the United States. , I In the first place, both Austria and Prussia have their partisans, and the partisans ot the cause which each power is supposed to repre sent, as well iu the cupital of Euglaud as in that ol France. AD tbe lneuds ot abaolutism and of the Papacy in Prance are naturally bent toward JULY 14, 18GG. lavorlntr the arms and the ambition of Austria; i ' all the devotees of liberalism and prosrress, on the Other hand, however they may condemn the character and the domestic polioy ot Count Bis- . mark, wih well, at heart, to the northern mon archy, which represents in the culture and the tendencies ot its peaple, the hope ot liberalism and of proeress in Germany. In the second place, the geography of Germany, and especially of Eatern Germany, is no better known In Emrland or France, evenVv tbe educated classes, than it is in the United States. Saxon and Bohemian names must sutler many a sea-change into something wotindrous strange, ere they can reach the Weitern World by wav of the French and English telegraph lines. Either of these inflnencps alone would suffice to generate an Infinite deal of confusion in tne accounts which, passing throutrh the camps of Austria and of Prussia, are to go forth to the world as bulletins of the campaign now begun beneath the shadows of the Giant Mountains. Both ot them acting together, and re-enforced by tho per petual temptations to conceal a reverse and to maenify a victory to which ali commanders are exposed in all wars, and to which the leaders of the Prussian and the Austrian forces are pecu liarly exposed in the war now watting, must bring about, we may be certain, a chronic and dusky chaos in our current story of the conflict. At. thp nrericnt moment, for example, nothing Is clear but that, on the 2ith, 27th, and 2Xth of Juiik. the arm tes of frussia ana ot Austria came into collision, upon at leaBt three different tielda. .lnno a line stretchine from the frontier of Galicia to the meridian of Prague; and that at the vprv latest advices the Prussian armies were in undisnuted nossession. not only of both sides of the chain of the Riesen-eebirgo, Irom a point southeast of Nachod as far west as Zittau. m saxony. Dut also ot a consiaera- hl triangular section of Bohemia itself, in eluding tne northern and eastern sections of two of the most important railways which lead from Bohemia into Saxony and Silesia. If. therelore. the conflicts ot June were brought abont by a Prussian advance from Sile sia into Bohemia, it is plain that the Prussians, who at the last advices held Munchemrratz, Turnau, and Jaromirz. three towns lying all of them m more than thirty miles from tuo Milesian frontier in Bohemia, and commanding the into rior railroad lines to that frontier, had mado very serious progress towards the heart of the province which they were invading. If, on the other nana, ine Austrian nrovosea inese con' tefcts, as the latest Viennese telegrams would seem to imply that they did, with a view to fiierce the Prussian lines and to prevent a unction between the armies of the Crown Prince ot Prussia in Silesia and the Prince Frederic Charles tn Saxony, then it is equally plain that the Austrians had failed in their main design. The latest and most jubilant Austrian telegram which we have announces that tbe 1'russians had evacuated Leina. Dauba. and Melnik, and fal'ine back towards Turnau, had fixed their headquarters at Niemes. Now, Leipa, Dauba, and Melnik lie almost upon the same meridian. Melnik being distant only about fifteen miles 1 1 u 1 11 riUKUC, hue uniuai ui uuucuiin. auu tut, question at once occurs, ho w came the Prussians to have made such startling progress as this in a period ol but two or throe days tt the longest t 1 T") U Annllnl TI K rt 1 1 , . and , k ft Meraes lfeit is a town wnicn. lying aoout twenty miles beyond the Saxon frontier in Bohemia, communicates directly with Zittau In Saxony. where the Prus sians are in great force. Driven back from Munchengratz to Furstenbruck, the Austrians, in the latter ot these places, are protected by hiUs, the secondary spurs of the Lansltzer-gebirge. while . the town of Joseph btndt. about fifty miles to the eastward of Furstenbruck. to which the Austrians are re- Dorted to have retired before the Prussians in Jaromirz. is also protected by a chain of hills Droceeding laterally Irom the Rieson-aobirge. In its general aspects, therefore, we repeat, the news by the Persia indicates that the Austrians in Northeastern Bohemia have either found themselves unable to hold the open country against the Prussians, or that they have retired "lor strategic reasons," abandoning to the in vader the greater part of two important lines of railway, and permitting him to push his advance, ior a time at least, almost within cannon-sound ot the gates of Prague itself. Further to the eastward still we have news of an engagement fought on the 27th of June, between a small torce of from nve to six thousand Prussians and about an equal force of Austrians, at or near the Galician town of Oswiencim. This town is the eastern terminus of the railway known as the Kaiser-Ferdinand- Nord-Babn; and by this line it was tnat Marshal Benedrk. if he meditated a march upon Breslau. would have most seriously threatened that great and prosperous Silesian city. Tho Prasstans, in destroying the railway at Oswiencim, as well as bv their occupation of Northeastern Bohemia, and by their previously reporied destruction of the railway bridges in Western Saxony on the Liepsic-Nuremberg road, would seem to be bent not so much on Invading Bohemia as on making it difficult or impossible for Austria and her Southern allies to invade Saxonv or Silesia. The London Armu and Navv Gazette calls upon Benedek to show now whether "he is or is not a General;" and if the view which we have given of the nosition or affairs at the latest advices be correct, it is obvious, we think, that the sum mons comes not a day too soon. Tho Sew Party. From the Kation. It seems at last to be settled that a new party is to be organized for the support of Mr. John son, and that the Democratic parly will co-operate with, if not entirely merge its existence in, the new organization. The President may, there fore, congratulate himself upon having alrea ly secured a measure of success in politics far ex ceeding that of his prototype, John Tyler, who attempted exactly the same thing, but ignomt nlously failed. Mr. Tyler was compelled, finally, to follow in the wake of the Democratic party, which pursued its own course with total indiffer ence to his wishes. Mr. Johnson has not been able to dictate to the party which elected him, but he has compelled the Democratic party to follow in his wake. He has not only shaped its platiorm, but has reduced it to the position of a more Jobnson party, obsequiously accepting alt his policy, indorsing all his acts, recanting all its recei t rmpliaho declarations, and humbly wuiung tor uia i tinner ieusurc. This is no common triumph; for deserters, however welcome they may be made, are not usually put at tbe bead ot the army to which they go. No doubt Mr. Johnson is persuaded that he owes this achievement to his awn supe riority of wisdom over those who have been nis predecessors in treachery. Yet it is obvious that such is not the fact. It is owing solely to the peculiarity of his position; and not the least remarkable feature ot the case is that the very weakness of his following in the party to which he nominally belongs, but which be has resolved to betray, is the source of his chief power over the party which is now allying itself to him, So few of the Union party agree with him thai he individually is the only obstacle which pre. vents the views of that party Irom being carried out. If the South, or the Southern party at the North thou Id oil end him, they would ba abso lutely at his mercy, since there would be no one in power w ho would have the slightest dis position to moderate his terms. If one-third of the party which elected him wero consrleiif tlously on his side, he could not carry them over to radicalism at his own whim; but having no support but that which springs irom servility or timidity, be can carry his supporters where Y a VtlXta. Aa ..!... n 1.1 L ' 1. ....1,1 ill. South Irritate him, he could instantly establish I equanry ot political rights Irom Virginia to Tf xas, in spite of all that the Democratic party might say or do; because he would be sustained In this by two-thirds of both houses of Congress, ff he bad more sincere followers amoug the Unionists, he would not be able to make any material change in his policy. Thus it is that bis verv weakness enables him to dictate terms to the South, since it lies at the very mercy of his caprice. It is too early to pronounce upon the chance which the uew party will have for success. ' ' ' I Something will depend upon the plan of organi sation; and we do not sympathize with It enough to give it any advice as to that. Much will denend uoon the mnnaffement of the Union party. If a liberal spirit prevails In its councils, and room l allowed lor honest difference of opinion upon subordinate questions, such as niocies oi taxation, foreign policy, etc., ue party will continue united and formidable; but unity wnnoui uunormiry must, oe accepted ma sufficient. If Mr. Stevens insists upon driving ont all tree traders, he will find his party more seleot than he will relish. We do not. however. apprehend much danger on this side, though a warning is needed. . it is useless to eninrge again upon the dangers to which the Union party has exposed itself b adopting a policy of mere exclusion, since we lullv set forth our views upon that suldect before a final policy had been adopted, and the course ot toe party nas now oeen settled. . The policy determined on is, Dy iar, easier to carry out and to sustain before the people daring the present year tnan a Droaaer ana uoiaer plan would have been; but It is one to the success of which unbroken victory is essential. Tho con stitutional amendment proposed by Congress In in every respect unexcepiionaoie, so iar as it, goes. It is worthy of the united support of all men wno nave been truly loyal to tncir country during the war, and we believe that it will com niand very nearly that measure ot support. The attempt which is made to persuade the public that the Philadelphia Convention will be -1 IV. 1 - , . '. 1. 1 11 .1 1 1 t une oi mo uquu parry is a nigniy aisuonomuie one. Such devices have no effect upon . readers fully posted In political affairs; but many who do not have time to keep themselves informed may be deceived. The most remarkable circum stances in this connection is that the newspaper which most strenuously asserts this to be a Union party convention is nominally edited by the Chairman of the Union National Committee. through which alone a national convention of the party could be called ; and that neither he nor any other member of that committee has signed tne call for the t nuadeipbia assemblage. lie nas not evt n cauca tne committee together to consider whether it would ratify the action of Mr. Rardall and bis associates. Such an in stance of sell-abucgation is not often known In pontics. . The multiplied treachery to obligations Of honor and good faith which is involved In the organization ot the new party must not pass without notice. It the leaders oi the movement had any Idea that they could induce the Union party to accept their views, they would have worded tneir can ainerentty, or would nave requested the chairman of the National Union Committee to convene that body to consider the proposition lor a convention, instead of this, the existing party organization is ignored, and two or three office-holders, In the present or in prospective, issue a call, addressed only to those who entirely agree with their views, excluding, and intending to exclude, niue-tenths of the members of Congress elected Dy the Union party, and a proportion of the party itself, estimated by no one at less than one half, and by no experienced politician at less than three- lourths. Special pains are taken to secure the co-operation of the adverse party, and the call itself is not issued until it is countersigned by one or two leading Democratic Congressmen, and the sanction ot all the others made ready for publication. All this is done to please a President elected by the Union party, by office holders appointed by the Union party, and with the encouragement of some of the mon to whom the central machinery of the party has been entrusted. It is entirely Immaterial, in considering the question of honor, whether the party thus be trayed is right or wrong in the policy which it has adopted. If the cause of the Southern Con federacy had been the purest aud noblest In the history ot tbe world, the act of Twiggs in turn ing over his forces and supplies to the Rebels would have been scarcely one shade less m lamous than it was. Dugald Dalgetty considered himself at liberty to tight on every side in turn, but he conscientiously waited until his term of enlistment expired, and never dreamed of carrying over with him anything which had been committed to his charge. But Mr. Doo little tenaciously holds on to his Senatorship, Mr. Randall to bis position in the Post Oliice, and Mr. Johnson to the White House, while intently engaged in slaughtering the party to which they owe all their honors. We are lamiliar with the arguments by which It is sought to avert irom such proceedings the contempt of mankind, and by which the parti cipants are able to silence their own consciences; but we cannot believe in the sincerity of the men who use them. It sounds very tine to talk of tbe superior obligations of the country over those of a party; ot independence, refusal to submit to dictation, and what not; but all the world knows that such high-sounding phrases generally cover something of which the speaker is at heart ashamed, and which he cannot defend in any other language than rhodomon tade. When used, as they are in the present case, to justify the sacrifice of party faith and puolic confidence to mere man-worship and itfice-seeking.they become doubly contemptible. That such is the fact in this instance is too notoiious to be soberly questioned. Mr. Guthrie and Mr. Hendricks honestly oppose impartial suffrage, as they lately opposed emancipation; but Mr. Doolittle and Mr. Norton would make the heavens rin? with their enthusiasm for universal suffrage. Constitutional amendments, and who knows what besides, if Andrew John son only favored thorn. Tbe less we hear from such politicians concerning their independence, the less we shall despise tbem. SADDLES AND HARNESS. IIE OLDEST AND LARGEST SADDLE AND HARNESS MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENT IN TUB COUNTRY. LACEI, MEEKER & CO., No. 1216 CHESNUT STREET, OFFER OF THEIR OWN MANUFACTURE : l UOGY HAUKEhB, Irom X0 to U0 LIGHT BAROUCHE do MM to IM HEAVY do do 15 00 to SOW EXP RIBS, 1SRA8S MOUNTED HARNESS to M WAtiOK AUD hELF-ArjUSTXNQ UdO to HI STAGE ANT) TEAM do SOMto W LADlKb' 8ADULK, do 13-00 to VS CENTS do do 8-00 to 7 Brldlei, Mountings, Bits, KosetU, flors Cover, Blushes, Ccmbs, Hoaps, Blacking, Ladles' and Genu Travelling and Tourlat Bass and Backs, Lnncb Baskets, Drr m ig and Shirt Cases. Trunk and Valise. tmrp Mo. laiO CIIKSNUTBT. JJ A 11 N E S S. ; A LARGE LOT OF IKW V. 8. WAGON HAR NESS, 2, 4, and 6 borae. Also, parti ot HAR NESS, RADDLES, COLLARS, HALTERS etc.. bought at the recent (iovtrnment sales to be aold at great sacnllc Wholesale or RctaiL Together with our usual assortment ot SADDLEB YA ND SABDLEB Y OA ED WAKE. WILLIAM S. HANSELL & SONS, 2 1 111 MARKET Street. LOST. LOST-TUE CERTIFICATE NO. 1221. IV ued by the fltv of fhlladelpala (old) to provide ior the HibHcrlptlon fo ibe lVnusyivaiiU Railroad Com pany itock, oated hepn-mber Vt, 1H.M for one thonsaud dollar, payable to John Uartb. DodKaoo, ot Fronton, LaDcanblre. Enrland. and Br. y sbarp, of London. Eng land, trustees, brarlng Interest at lis per cent, per an num. Redeemable July 1 lb3. 6 4tutb18t DEAFNES8, BLINDNESS, AND CATARRH treated Witn tlia utmost uoceiu by J ISA A OH, M. li.. Oca lot aud AurUt. ro. Slu I'l N E tttreeL TeU woolal Iront tlie aiom reliable ouro lu th eft; caa bateenat huortlc. Th Medira) lauuliy are IbtIu4 to amooipan? thdrpatlcota a be ba no e;rta lu bta p rait ice Artificial eye Inserted without nam. Mo charge made tor exauUnaUou. lot i . . . , . .. . . .. j
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers