VMM 1 E H CD O VOL. V.-No. 100. IPIIILA-DELFIIIA., TPIUKSIDA.Y, MAY 3, 18G6. DOUBLE SIIEET- -TI1REE CENT??. NORTH AND SOUTH. Radical and Conscrvativo Views of Recon struction. D. F. PERRY ON PER OF THE THE TEM' SOUTH. Horace Crcelcy on the Demands and Eights of the People. A SPICY CORRESPONDENCE. The Future of tho Colored Raco CIVIL RIGHIS AND UNIVRSALS3FFRAGE Eo.. Jito.. Etc., JfcJto.. JEtO. Litter from Hon Horace Greeley lion. It. r. ferry. to Mr: i our letter ot too 15th ult. Is herewith nnh lisbed, an requested, llouiuir to promote vour nl.i,,t in wilting it, 1 assure the readers ol tho Tribune that expresses quite accurately tlio views and senti ments ol the more Intoihgont and considerate elans oi mose wno were eugneea in tne late Kobellion. 1 uu not iniLK inose reaaers so ignorant or niisin formed as you presume thorn; lui when von aud I an roe that yenr letter Is a lar expression m th views ol the Letter class ol recent tsaccssioniss, it socuih mat vuere suouiu Da no room lor lurther dis cussion on iuo score 01 misrepresentation. lue journals that sympathize wiiu yea will print vour itnur nun BuijpiLs my rep y no m ittur: since luriui-r appeals 10 iorcu ere repudiated, the trutu tan miuru mai uuvaniage to crroi. 1 You assure me that "there is no fcoling ol un Kindness on the part of the lormer slave-owners towards thoir lreedmen." 1 believe this is true ot me oeuur ciass oi eat masters, and that this is a vory large one. At the same time, 1 know lor the evi- uence is overwuoiniing mat most ex-stavotioldors boid that they haye been wroaulully divested of ihe services ot their lreednion that tmaBoipatloa was and is robbery, whereby they are deprived ot what ripiiimny mens, an you wonder, then, that we, who have achieved that emancipation, iu spite ot your weapons and your Northern aliios' donuueia- uons auu voies, snouia lies taie to intrust the rights auu (irmwjiuBiii iu irecumeu to your uncoutrollod discretion, jonr unrestricted newer? Can vn mn. lVt itVonr eu'BUU'"aoJ0"0beinSr 11. 1 believe all ou sav of ahnsos and nrmnoa in . . . 7. I flicti d on tho blacks by Federal soldiers. Jdauy of these are low-bred men; and every w.ito rutliau or rowdy, drunkard oi reorobale, whether at the Morth or at the boutn, is a natural, instinctive hater and persecutor oi the blacks. The same ranxs ot Kobe! Sympathisers wuo, In July, 1668, mobbed aud liroj the Tribune ofiice, burned tho t;o ored Orphan Asy lum, and hunted unoffending, fleeing olackg through our streets; killing them, whenever thev could simply because ol their color. Wo, who have long hoped aud struggled lor emancipation, do netchoise to nave tho lrcedn.eu at tho mercy of these vil ains no matter whether the.y be No t iorn or bouthoru' Union or Kouel Can you biame usf III. You say that your otate has done for the blacks, "pretty much all that the i ivil Kights blii proposes to do. except making theaa cUizens of the Male:" and that "there aro vrj low onenses pen aluosf in our crim'i'al code, v Inch do not apply to the wuito men as well as the negro." I thank you heartily lor every step you huvo ialon in this direc tion, l thank President Johnson for every hint ho has given you that you must take them. If vou have gone part way towards equal rights and equal laws, the d fficully of going all the way has been nearly surmounted IV. As to the negio's denire to be fully enfran chised, I hold his own testimony as nocessari.y hot ter than yours. I know personally a great many blacks, and i hear from very many more, Wh were res.dents f various parts ol our Union. I know Lutdreds who do desjre the right of suffrage: can you find a dozon who do notf The blacks ot most btafOB have organizations, and nave held large con ventions. From eveiy one of those, the demand lor equal rights secured by equal laws is unanimous and liesrtv. li youot tbeuou hwil submit the ques tion to an uncoLBt' aiued, unawed vote of the blacks, I agree to abandon ihe demand for the light ot sut. frage it seven-eighths of ail who vote do net vote to claim it. V. Yon say that the retro, if enfranchised, i uiu tiya rote m uirrc i uv HIS employer." Yet. in arother p ace you uik of the "damniuv punii-hmeut" to be mtliotad on the "Southern peopla" by "ihe leaders ol the radical party in Cou grcsi" cl their ' fiendish purpose," viz. : 'First, the negro is to be investsd with uli po.itical power, and if en the aiitagonUm of m o. est between capital and It bur is to work out the result" wliioh is to be ' a honib'e late" for your pooplo ! bovorLor I'errv, such flagrant, suicidal contradic tions warrant me in to 1 ug you that you talk at ran dom that you arc equally wion in assorting that the negro "would always vote as airoot:d by bis employer," and that he would necessarily vote against mat employer, ander tho wild hallucination ol "a natural antagonism between capital and labor." 1 tiust you have too much sense to believe in any such antagonism; at all events, I am sure your lue s:av s httve. 1 think ihe laboring class naturally, though not unilormiv, incline to vote with employers who treat them kindly and respect their manhood when thoy cau do so without hazard ing tho loss of their own rights I have no doubt that those planters of your state who treat the freedmeu woll aud maintain tueir richt to be treated by all as men, could quite generally influence tiieir votes. But, while you stnhoornly resiBt enfran chisement, and make no coneesMions of rights to the blacks but such as are lorced from you, yon soem to me to be squandering precious opportunities aud arousing lee ings of distrust and uislike that it were better to preclude ' VI. Let me say, once for at', that I make no pro fession ot love for the negro raco, aud that your cluiin to superior "regard" lor or "intoresL" ia tho blues race is wholly unrivalled I do not love ne groes as negroes; I like whites better; but I compre hend that Justice is ad mou's true Interest, and that wrong done to the humblest, the most despised, is an injury aud a peril to all. 1-y superior regard for the white race leads me to protest against and seuk to prevent, to foreclose, to preclude, any injust-co by it to anv race or c ass whatever. Are not you Chris tian enough to realize that it Is more lamontable to do wroiiK than to suffer ltf If ymi are, why need I constantly repel this assumption that 1 am impelled by specia afleotion for b .cksf VII. You tell mo that the negro Is Inferior to the white man (wbica I have nevor disputed) and you prote it by citing the tact tuat the blanks oi ilayti do not allow whites to vote It 1 thought the whiles ol this country Interior to the blacks, I might seek to protect the former bv a liaytiau exclusion of the lu ter from political lights. 1 can qul'e understand why the nogroes of this country, if they possessed a monopoly ot political power, might sek to guard and perpetuate it irom Jealousy ol the superior meu tal cupacity ot the bites; bat tor the whites to act In that pauicky way is an impeachment oi their own relative abilities aeainst which 1 indivnan'ly protest. VIII. 1 quite agree with you thut population at fords an equitable basil of poetical power, provided it is hu.nan population. It horses, mu es, and oxen re reckoned I do net agrei to it. It any class is lit to ko an element or kubstratvut of political power, then It is tit to vote. And, at all events, I cannot consent that ball tie people of your hiato shall be good eneugb to balance un equal number ot white licemen in .New York, bu' nel good enough to vote. It will not do, Governor! be assured ot itl 1 here is no analogy in the cas of women and children. The butbautf aud falsi r votes ter his wife and children he cousideis their interests ,'he same as his own his vote is represeutatire, patvra!, coinpreuensive but you whites ot Houth Carol na do not vote for the blacks of your State you re in no tense their re presentaure your relation to them is radically dif Is rent Irom that which bin la you to your wires uit children the anafov Is too palpablr fallacious t Mcnuiuimm. iou mutt let the blacks vo e or arre that they shall not count. IX Ihe;e Is very muoh ol "railing accusation" In your lct'er. wh'cti I pass in silence. I do not agree i hat the blacks of the South are destined to exter mination, because 1 do not bltcve they are to be leit to the tender mercies of her whtos As to tho FrcDdmen's Bureau, it is to da" subsisting qu to as many whites as fe:acKS. and I Joyfully trust that it may very soon be dispensed with. Civo ns equal rights, secured by equal laws, and lo; tho Bureau be abo iehed at once! tomo wi'l die wiiom its opera tions wouid leen alive; but the blacks are very wiling to take ' r clianco without it, ifthov may thereby secure the ines.:iDb.e b'e-sing of Just and equal aws X. You and I are not helv Intlow tio tufa t?- benion aliko You hold it au rsicrtlon ot "tho r ght oi self-government;" I regard it as tho fru t ot a r .i.stiirrcy ol slaveholder to extend the area and intiease the power ol tncir iniernal "institu tion." You Iflkol "iho ntrht to change and alt?r their form of government" in tbo samo breath that you deny ths llht oi four mi lions of southern pe ople to any voice whptever in framing or nio itfy lag their government or i lie laws nndor whon thoy live. It is plain thut wo are at varlnnco nh n.r-t to first priucp'es, and cannot proii'ably aroo till we have settled the moaning of terms. From your point of view, the linns' on an unarmed steamboat sent with lood to the Federal Harri son in tort Bumtor. the cncirc.imr oi that inrt whh frowning iron-clad batxries. the rntihrirv ot the Federal nrscuals, armories, aud sub-trta-bunes throughout tho Mouth, mo seizure ot the Na tional fortresses, the bitraval nnd captivity (under Itucliauan, niind you!) of tho Fodoral" trmn puaid ing tho ironti'Tfl of 1'exrs. the mob vln nnon unH terrorism which hunted down and silenced Union. ii-ts, eiicciaily n orthenierj. ihrninrhnnf iio s aveholding roffiou, and, finally, tdo boiuburdmsnt and reduction iT Mini.cr, weeail Ktriklug exi'iuo i licafioiisoi the pi-c ho, laaib I'ko tcndciiuios of tho ctiunpiiBTorsior srce.'Siou VDi', then, uhould you no i aisciis inn n.ai.'orr i tint "tho people" (1 mean, lor t.ns ouce, the wh tes only) weio not for teces-ion until bu lied, torronzed, lied into acquiescence in the plot turouuli dread of more imineaiaie it not more lortnidab e ptrils, hold my soil at all limes ready to demonstrate nut iur consmrators anew ttiev wnrn n,.t i. proved bv the hpsto ol trie bouth t aroli na nltirnrnnv I n ...all . I. . k nc T . ... . n . ' vAunn uiuu cwiu uub ui mo union wuujut awall in any torm ol "co-operation " Tho facta that in an me states mar seceded tminrA Sum mo uif nun iii'ru iieart," more wa-a uauiiuus uvoiuance oi any lair, nanir mihmiu nn m the momentous oruinunco to a nnnmar i,i. thoulier rout oi tho tMceEsionists in a majority of mu rioTt) O UILT, UHVH HQ e OOU 'HCH tllaB InF nut weighs arcumcnt. I need not expatiate on thorn. fai vornor I err? I it is thn hmirhr. nt nr.an rnntlnn in those who lor lour years did their iitmii.r in .in. strny tho Union, now to susumo tn mpi.in dhh n,,,:. the ugh s of the loval men, whlri ir mack, at whose nanus inuy fxiHTieuc"" so toirioio a Uol. at ao com' pieie un overthrow Yououht to counsel them to utw ii rt-uuuv. irraieiu iv. eniiiLi nviit. .hfui Kn "i b iue Basis oi apro'iut, itioroogb, beneu cont roconstruc.ion Wneu before did evei the abso lute victors in SO miehtr n a'rinrirU minHinnn. quithed, "Lot us henceforth bocquals!" only to have uc vi;i un- i( JUHtU BUU BCOU Mil I 1 Oil TO It VOI1 tO vuiisiuer: lours, HORACE I hkhiev Kew York, Blay 1, 1866. J.tlter Irom th iiw. II v. Cerrv In tiia n uorace wresirv To the Edi or of the N. Y. Tribune. Sir i I think I know the feolimrs Anil wlatinn nrth. peopled South Carolina as woll as auvonein t.ie State. My recent posi ion asiProviBiunal Governor I' I UU I brought mo m contact with all the prominent and tion in saying, as an old Union man, whoso political life has been spent in deli nse of tho Federal Union, that thov are now all sincere y aud truly loal to tho United States, and will lakhfnllv tlHtnin anH Halai, I luBuumiMi men oi iue nuire. anil i nnvn nn limita the Government. This vnnr manor dn nnt k.ii and have no right to believe, irom tin gross misre pi osculations whioh are constantly made to thorn ov cotton agents and other empioyts of the (Jovornmoiit in the Southern Stales. All hope or exoocJation of living separately from the orth was givon np with the surrender ot tho Southern arm v. mrl tna in o ure anxious to rene voico more their social, com mercial, and political relations with the Morth. I sta'e what I know to be the fact, that thoro is no feeling of unklnduess on the part ot the former Slave-owners towaids thoir fromlmrm !, ..- trarv. there is an earnest dixiinaiMnn aliinui i,i. sal among them, to protect aud assist thuir former slayes. This they would do more cheerfully and moreonec'ually It the Freedmou's Bureau did not interpose and assunio tho guardianship of these ireecmen. Tho nepTO has recoived munh mnrn oTinao and suffered much greater wrongs at the hands of the F'eueral troops in this section Ot the COUBtrV than from 111 Inrmnr nnnii. Ihe other night, a negro man was lnurcered in cola blood by a drunken soldier n.ar this place. Ihe soldier has been sent off, and no lurther notice taken of the murder. The garrison, at this plaos, have been in the habit of knoomng down and kick ing off the sidewalks all the negroes they met of nignts in the streets! Nooneblumes ihe North fnrwishinir in nrntnnt mo uetf'o in me enjovment ot lite, liberty, and pro perty. Ibis has already been done in mostot the S'.uthoru States by law. Iu South Carolina, he is allowed to sue aud bo sued, to give his testimony in our Courts, inherit and purcha-e property, soil and devise i b-same. lie is allowed to make contrasts, owu real cstata and be educated, Tho young neirroos who are apprenticed arerequ r d to be sent to school, ii iiioio uu auv Ecuooi in me neignuoroooa, by their nrsters. l'retty much all that the Civil Eights hill proposes has been dono bv tho State, except makin th'in o tizeus ot the State There are vory tew offenses in our criminal code wbica do not apply to the while man as well as the negro. You sav that lam mistaken in my assertion that the rteero does not waut the right ol suffrage, and in order to "how my mistake you say, -I beg leave to romt'i.dyou that the laws of moAt Southern states allow negro testimony to be takon in issues to which they are parties, and on this point they are at least one tbouand to one against you." I do not com prehend our reasoning. It does not follow that, because a negro is allowed to give testimony, that thereloro he desires to vote. I am confident thoro is not one negro in one hundred who wou d care to vote, er would vote, In anv e ectiou, if not promoted to do bo by bis emploter. Then he wou.d always vote as direoted by his employer. This wou'd bJ giving uudue influence to wealth, aud establishing an odlouB po.itical ari.tootacy, whioh would destroy or swallow up all the political influence et tho poor white men. That the employe will vote as his employer wishes is proven by all expoiience. In manulacturingcom panics, the operatives are generally Whigs or Demo crats according to the politics of the owners of tne establishment. How much more is this likely to be the case wilh ignorunt negroes, who are incapable of comprebend'ng any political question? In several ot the Southern Statos, iroo negroes were formerly entitled to vote, but thoy n- yer thought ot exercis ing this privilege, un ess urged to do so by some white person. You sav "it is qmto poos. lie that a restoration may bo effected which will givo one wlnto man in South Carol.ua equal power in our common government with two white men equally capaMe and into hgeut, and certainly not less loyal, in ew York." You know very well that our Federal Government is a compromise of political power between -ma 1 Statos and largo Hates, between States having a large black population and States having a very small population of that character. One white man in Rhode iB'and or Delaware had guaranteed to n'm. lu the Senate, as much political power uader the Federal Constitution as ten, or porhuos twenty, white mon in Virginia, Nw York, or fenusvlvanla. One White voter In Conuectmut or Massachusetts has twice as much political power iu the House of Re presentatives as one wh to man in Caliiornia the population ot t alitorn a being most I v voters, whils a very large proportion oi His population ot Connec ticut and Massachusetts are women and children who are not allowed to vole. Ueprcsentatlon in pro portion to voters would acpnve all the N:v Knuland Mates ol several members of Con -ress and transfer the same number of Kcpresoutativos to the new States. The framers of tho Federal Consultation wisoly determined to give each Ma to, whether large or sniuli, r ch or jioor, the saino vote in the t-enate. They likewise determined, with equal wisdom, that representation iu the other House should be in pro portion to free popu'a ion and three filths t a'l otheis. Thpy knew that the slaves of the South ex cluded that tree population which oultivat. d the soil in the Northern States, and deoided that three-filths of them should be counted. No that these slaves have been emancipated, they must be counted as free persona in apportioning the representation ol the House. There is no more injustice iu counting them, although they are not voteis, than there is in counting the children, and women, and foreigners ot allowed to vo in New York. Tbey may cob trikate as much to the defense anil prosperity of tka United btateii as any Uier class of aon-v oler. It would Derhani be difflonlt to estshllnh mo -a eqmtable I a-is ot representation than that of po. u- iiuu, a ver small proporvon oi me oopu'a'ion of any State are voters. The women and children are excluded ; lorcigners are excluded ; pprons con victi d ot infamous crimes are excluded ; selditrs in mo regular army are generally excluded ; and. in many ot tho States, pe sons paving no taxes, and unable to read and write, a-e excluded. Who sha'l be allowed to exnrolse th right of suffrage has boon, very properly, loft for each State to determine I. r Hereon as it is to make bor o.vn her iud ciarv and nniicn But you contend that tfio Southern 8fa'os shontd reioici'd to a low the nerrro to vote whether he is enj aoie oi prurient y pxeicising lus privilege or not. for tho same reason women and chl dreu should not be excluded irom the ilirlit nf MilTrairn I hav aro infers oi me state", nave to obey i heir laws, and ere punished even with death tor thoir ll.obodionce. Jhev have to pay taxes on thoir property, and are counted re recntition. Tho young men from Kiiieen ro iwenty-one, are called noon to go fort 6 in deP n.e of their country, and sacrilice their lives for a Government over which they have no eontrol The same may ta said ot the loroiguer till be is The history of the world shov, for tho lat six thonsand years, that the negro Is Inferior to the white man Jn Africa t' ere has been no progress "u.niiii iiiini iu civiiizniion, win e an tne . auca sihii l ations ot the earth have bfen making the most "..i ui-rim s.riuus in an t e arts, sciences, litcra tnie, and imorovemonts ot tho world. In his for .,u 0,1,1. i ur , inijnicai ana into loctual. as weil s color, the necro is inlerior to the white man. God has made mm so; and yon cannot chance rielis exercise of political In regard to civil rights all shou'd be equal, so far ss the protio ion ol lno. liberty, and property are nrnnnvii-.l . I .... I . . .... ' . . nui:iiier luaio or ienia e, old or vonni', rich or poor white or black. All should bo allowed 10 sue and be sued, sell and purehaso, Inherit and o, ith lesnmony in conns etc. In a cioat mea fure.tt" 1 've already said, this has been dono in rou in vuroiiiiB. How unreasonable It Is in you Northern mon t suppose that wo have less slncote regard lor the negro man you nave! Jt is apainst nature, and COUtrarV tO all roaann nnrl nYnnriunnn I'l... .w...-.w.d have been our slaves and property, the objocta of ui winmiuiauiiiiuu, 1 ney are Known to us and have lived with us lor years past. They have de scended to us from our ancestors, and were the ob- ji;ib 01 11 vir care anu solicit uao. iu many instances, they and their progenitors Lave been in oar faiuilios lor more than a century. There are others who have been raised by us. or havo grown np with us KuuipuniouB, laituiuiiy serving us through life Is it not most likely that we should, under these cir cumstances, leol a deeper Intorc-t in their woliaro t nan strangers T J'ho Southern peoplo aro not less iiuiuaue, or ess aiioctionato, or less influenced by sentiments of honor, than the Northern people aro 1 hey aro as generous and as kind to persous tn dis tress. 1 think their history and character as a poo p e sho-.r this. Why, then need you tr mble your- """'i " 'uuu Bouut rio protection 01 the negror You will sat that you have caused the emancipa. iHiii 01 me negro against our wishe-, and this proves that you feel more interest for thorn than we do. I haye no doubt that you yonieif will acknowledge, jn less than ten years, that Ihe nogro race has not ueuonica Dy iretcom. Instead of a blessing. emancipation will prove a ctirsi to them. Ihe n- xt B move mat uiey nave aiminisliod in uum bers, insfad of increasing, as they herotoloro have done, with great rapidity. The old and voung. the . . " lougnr iiavo mat care and o'tentien which thoy always had in slavery. Wbat has emancipation already done tor the no f.'tS?0"'6'11 States f it Is said mat mow than 6C0 0C0 of them have perished died ot dis -ases contracted by leaving their homos, or been slaugh tered in battlo The next census, It is supposed by othors, will swe I this frightful destruction of the rnvo ui i,uuu,uuo ot victims. YVhon. the war commenced, there were 4.CC0 OtO of nogroos in the Uuitod bttttos 1 do not believe that the next census will show 000 OCOot tbein left. This is a blessing v.ithavougeance! Ihoso still remaining hero are juxtaposition to the white man. Thsy are disposed uuoiiiiuu vj i nuiiiif m aim v. um irifi 1 nman 11 .1 a ... to quitnoia work, nnd flock Into the towns and VilillgCS. Where thev must tinona.nrilir on (To, ( -... the want 01 lood, and contract diseases that win iciujiuuiu meir lives. ihe care and attention which the Freodmn'a rtn. reau now extends to the negro is only to encourage him in idleness and vice, instead Ot III aklfl or Ann. tlQCtB to labor lor Inn inrmnr nwrmf im u nH milled to oust tho urnnrletnr nt thn 1, r.rl nA 11-.. the same himself iu id euens at the expense of the federal Government. Instead of encouraging the ukiv iy wuur mu ions, iu iiib lormer o vuor as his uusi irienu. me aeenis 01 tnia Hnnun hin n uiui iv iciimu iiib lurmor owuer as nis enemy aud w, auu iui 10 mo r eaerai uovernment for support and protection in his idleness It is very doubtful whathor lnv for tho no rrivi nnrl anything to do with his emancipation. A bitter feel ing of jealousy and hatred towards the Southern slaveholder prompted this abolition movement in the first instauco, and it was finally seized ho d of lor the purpose ol conquering the South and puttiug an end to the Rebellion. By it your armies were rpcruitea with our slaves, and your own citizens per mitted to remain at homo InainuH nf onin t-tV. do battle themselves. This bribe of freedom turned the southern slave against his master. anH thotr nc.u oiuuxuiuruu uy muusanus ana tens of thou sands. In this way you showed your love for the poor slave, aud made him your vioum. ll you really aud Bincorelv wish to protect and beneiit 1 be negro, why do you not take h m North and provide tor hin f The Somhern people would te very glnd to have a largo po..iou of them sent to you especially tho3e who will not labor, and whom you are now protecting in idleness at the ixpense of the Southern people. Having them at home with you, and immediately under your own supervision, you may be able to benefit hem But it ia impossible to t o so when they are a thousand miles from yoa. While they remain ta the Southern States tney w.ll tave to look u timately to the Southern people ior protection It is passing strange that all ot your philanthropy should be exhausted on tho negro, and you should have none tor your own race and olor! The Southorn people are in a most deplorable condition at this time without money, aud in aut of the most con mon nocesarle of lifo Their co tutry has been plundered and robbed by your soldiers, their towns and villages burned, their fields laid waste, aud their provisions destroyed and their clothing stolon Irom ihoml Government agents havo boon sent amor g them like a swarm of locusts, to gather up what still leniains ot property in the laud. I'hey are subjected to tho moat tyrannical mili ary rule, fined and imprisoned at the w li and pleasure of every petty 1'rovost Mar-hal. Military cominis sions are appointed in time of poace, to try thorn lor thilr lives and send them to Northern I'eniteutiaries or the gallows ! Thoir lands have boen taken from them, and given to their lormor slaves cot to cultivate, but to live on in idleness and be supported by ihe Federal Government Hundred, of thousands who were reared in wealth and all the refinements of life, bava been driven from their homes, and are now refuaoos aad wanderni. h. ping their bread and perishing all over the southern States. Taxes ere levied and collected whiUt their Pepresentutives aro excluded Irom Congress ! Laws the most stringent an 1 ctnel are being oasod, atlbct ing their civil and constitutional rights, without permitting them to be heard in their o vn defense! And yet not one word of Bvinpa hy is expressed lor them by the radical party North, either in (Jougr -as or then feewspapers. Uowitbisr Why Is it that you love the negro so well and bate the white race so much t lher have erred ana eoue astray, it is true; but tney are now penitent, and are asking mercy at your hands! Their punishment ai d suffering, it would seem, were enough to satlslv tbo most muliimaiit reveinrn and oufht certainly to appeal to a philanthropist like yourself You should remember tuat thore are thousands ot Uuieu mon In the Southern States guiltless ot their country's wion. who am unfTtrm,, equa'ly with those who brought on this Kohollioa Auuwuai great unpardonable crime have the Se. coconuts themselves t eeu ui ty olf They believed in thut sacred principle set forth in our Declaration of Independence, that every people have tho right of sell government, and the right lociauie aula ter their iorm of government as they may see propor. This was the bead and lront or their ofloudiur, nothing more. They expressed thoir purpose of living separately Irom the Ner'horn States! That was all I I hey did not seektoinva ie the Nor t a or govern the Nottb It was not their purpose to wago waracaia t the Korthern btaUis, b it to live quietly and peaceably by them as neighbors and friends 1 hey had been taught by their greatest statesmen ior halt a century ps.t that they bad the right to peace ably secede Irom the Federal Gorrniuont. And thy attempted to extrcise this nsht That is a'l. For this at ainiit tbey hare been conquered and subdusd, tboit pioperty taken irom them and their ooautry deso lated! Is not this puuishment enough lor a simple error ot ludgmeutf But they have suff-red a still more terrible pamshmeut in tho loss of 200 000 of their most gallant sons! In every heuse through out the laud, there is deep, bitter moarnlng tor the lost (if some loved one. IhoBnuad aud bundled of 'rensant of widows and omhans aro sestfored over the Southern Mates, living in want and desti tution, while tbey hear of ampe 1 rovmnn being made if tbelr Government for the supoort and pro tection ot the widows and orphans of those in the istri ern r. atos who fell Hunting against iholt lathers and husbands I In their cover , too, thpy ' imv uiey 1 lave to contnoute toward the payment o ihese pens ons. Km ail this thoy have iia maueup i.etrmtudsto bear In all timo 10 rome. It seems, however, thnt thoro ia anofhop nnnlah. ment (o hoinflio ed on the Southern people s'ni more deep and damning bv the leadors ot th ralicnl party In Congress. I do not think that the great onus 01 me raaicat patty win 'o soo in the Southern tat a war 01 races Ictween tho whites and blacks But It wenld seem, irom the legis'ation of Congress, that such a fiendish purpose is entertained by some ot (he membois of that body First, the negro is to be invested with all po'iticil power, and then the umvonism 01 interest between caj al and labor is to work nt the to-nlt! futitistobe hoped that the noxt e'octlons for ooc-ress wiu renove the country of so h loudors, and save the -'ou.hern Mates Irora sohorribb ata'e wnne I mistiust the wisdom and sincerity of oollti- v.ou., m icr nave uouotea mo yirrue aoa patriot ism ot the peoDlo It IS alwava thoir Inta vil In j iK", auu Rcnerauy tney witi got rip-fit. , a. F. runny. Grcenvll If, S. C, April 18, im THE MTIOML CAPITAL Special Depntchc to The Evening Telegraph. W'sKniNnTON, May 3. Work or the Fori I tin Unman. During the month of April last the Penblon Bureau admitted and disposed of 2371 invalids and 2fi00 widows', mothers', and orphans' claims. The Rtfprolty Treaty. The President ha3 approved the bill authoriz ing and empowering the Secretary of the Trea sury to remit, or, if paid, to refund, any duties levied on produce shipped from a port of the united states to a port of the United States via Can Ida, if the said produre was actually in transitu, and detained by ice, wheu the recent Keciprocity Treaty with Canada expired. Notice to Slarluera. Thn T lnl.1 T.... r 1 1 nuu duu.u uuve puoiisiif-a a not ce to mariners, of the establishment of a new lieht house on Federal Point, N. C, on the north 6ide of New Inlet, north si le of Cape Fe tr river, anc the re-establishment of lights at Co ic- pur Island aud Oyster Beds. Savannah river, Georpia. The Hoard had alio received official !. 1.11! . lLieingence 01 the establishment of a lieht at Black Sod Quay, on the northeast coast iana; also oi.e oa C-lt Rock, near Darsey Island, pnnol tf r.xb- T 1 js . ..... . t, wi, iiiiiuiu; ana a nxea Itgnt on Amedee Inle, near Pori-de-France. The Portu guese Government has also offloially notified our government that the lierht house of Nossa 8an- hora da Luz, at the entrance of the river Douro. is about to be replaced by another, and that in the meantime, from the llih day of March. 180G r. .1 . . ' I uum lunuer nonce, a provisional white light win do cxnioucd from the same tower, visible in clear weather from a distance of eight miles. No German War. i telegraphed on the 20th ultimo that, not withstanding the threatening aspect of affairs In Europe, there would be no war between Austria and Prussia, owing to the mediation of the Em peror Napoleon. I now learn that the State department has received by the last steamer despatches from Mr. Motley, and also from Eujr Ktuu. wiiieti conurm tms view in every particu lar, private letters have also been received bv Koniieuien uere, Dotn irom Paris and London, which contain assurances to the same effect. luisis important in view of Mr. Seward's last deKpatcbes to Mr. Motley. They were written at a time when it seemed certain that Austria had a war upon her hands. The Mexican I.onn. There is a disposition in Concress now to take up and rush through the guarantee of the pro posed Juariit loan. The friends of the measure are greatly encouraged by th recent decision ot Attorney-General Speed, to the effect that arnid may be exported to the Juarists across the Rio Grande 4without Tiolaiing anv law, and they propose to send arms in large quantities as well as money to the Juarists. As ma.teis now stand. the Mexican question is in a fair way to be set tled peacefully and honorably, but there is high authority for saying that it Congress jiaiBci this guarantee resolution, and If arms are allowed to be sent to the Juarints, tho Mexican question, so lar as France is concerned, will quickly assume a very different aspect. Tho Committee on Foreien Affairs have refused to confirm Mr. Campbell as Minister to Mexico, and the Senate is about equally divided on the question of his confirmation. Rejection by the Senate. The Senate had an executive session, yester day, of an hour's duration. The nomination of Frank Blair as Internal Revenue Collector of St. Louis was rejected by a vote of nearly three to one, only the Democrats voting for him, and several ol the Republicans who sustain tho Pre- sideLt's policy being absent. Jlosneatead entries. The General Land Office had decided that where a party fniukes a homestead entry, and beloro the expiration of live years, settlement and cultivation the homestead settler dies, the widow or other representative of the deceased may complete the title, by paying for tho land nnd takiuur the evidence of pure jaie in favor of the heirs of tho deceased settler. Treasury Olabarseiuesife. For the month of April last the disbursements of the Treasury on account of the War, Navy, ad Interior Departments wer as follows: War, $12,116,7G4; Navy, $3,716,2,12; Interior, f2t,487. Fractional Currency. During the month of April fractional cur rcucy amounting to $1, .121,015 was whipped to the different parts ot the Union by the Treasury Department. The disbursements aad traustera of the Department during the same period were $G5,lG6,2b3. Military Areoams, During the month or April last military accounts involving the large amount of $a4,448, 709 were revised by the Fourth Auditor of the Treasury. Ohio Union Convention. Cincinnati, May 3. A cull for the Ohio Union Convention, to be held at Columbus June JO, for the nomination of a candidate for Secretary of Btate and Judge of the Supreme Court, was made jttcrdT by the Unlea state Committee, THIRD EDITION REPUBLIC OF PERU. Arrival of Iron-clads at RIa-tha nuescar- captures Two Prizes and Takes them Into Port The Peruvian Iron-clad Fleet to Attack Ad mlral Nunez's Squadron at Once. Nbw Yobk, May 3. Advices from Bio Ja neiro to April 3 state that it is believed that the ksue of the Bank ol Brazil will be Increased, the uovernment guaranteeing it. and the ten mil lions of gold In its vaults will bo withdrawn to meet the expenses of ihe war. Two Peruvian iron-cluds have arrived from England, and the capture ol the Spanish schooner Dorothea, U3ing the United States flag, Is reported. A Peruvian iron-clad is daily expected from the United States. The news of thn attar-lf Patria and the crowing into Paraguay is hojrly expected. It is rumored that the Paraguayans have advanced into Mipeurls to attack the Bra zilian divihlon, underBaron de Porto Alegre. liio Janeiro. Anrli A nn ha i.t tron-c'ads arilvcd nn Btcnously in thl port They weie the monitor llurtmr .nH .i, the Brst built in Liverpool by Laird k Co . the lamous neutiahty arm, as witness the A'abama and other Pintles, and the second by 8amardas, ot Lon don. The first lias a tingle turret, mouutiug two iiHed Armstrong guns ot three hnndrod pounds. 1 he other is not turre ted, but has fourtean iormlda oie Armstrongs en the broadside, besides two swi vels, two huiidred-nmindei i. nn Hv.u Tho p b vrero built ior the Peruvian Government, against the Spaniards. 1H PORTA NT CAPTURES BY THB "HCKSOAR." The Uuencar actnallv nnrfnrm. H . oinnn. two da) b botore coming into Rio Janotro. This was e iher more nor less that th capture, just off ihe lort, ot two Spanish vess lB belonging to the Spanlso me.canti o merino, named tne Dorotht and the I ocas. 1 he latter escaped in a Bquall. Kverr effort was made by tho two vessels to pro.ect each other: but in such a case as this it was ot no use. for tho liutsrnr, which was previously nndor sail, furled o; ervthinft, and was on her viotlm m a tw nkling Dm ing the chaso, if such It could bo called, the Jfuesrar bad the American flair Airing h.. ...i. On coming within speakin? distance the American flag was hauled down and the Spanish eaptun or cored 1 on boaid the Poruvian, and on the following day the piize was brougnt into Rio Janeiro h a pnzo crew as a Peruvian transaort. Whether th i ourts sustain this remains to be aeon. ..Yew York 1 let aid. FROM BALTIMORE TO-DAY. Mrs. Jefferson Davis Clone to FnriPK.. Monroe Distressing Suicide Heavy Hailstorm. Ete. Special Despatch to The Evening Telegraph. IUltimorb, May 3. Mrs. Jefferson Davis and son left here on the yesterday afternoon boat for Fortress Monroe, with a permit from President Johnson to see her husband, where she arrived this morning. A young soldier, with respectable connections. named Alexander Webb, shot him3elf throueh the heart yceterday, alleging as a cause that he could get nothing to do, and hated to see hi )i. other in want. It is supposed that forty thousand panes o c asswtrc broken in Baltimore by the recent hailstorm. Much damage was also done in the surrounding country. From Havana. Nbw York, May 3. The Havana correspond ence says that a cargo of negroes have Just beea fauded and distributed on the south side of the island. There is a large stock of sugar on hand and freights are brisk. The cholera is less violent at Guadeloupe and tne deaths now average 7J per cent. St Domingo advices of the 14th state that the late revolutionary movement at San Cristobal was promptly suppressed. Importers to St. Domingo hereafter can pay duties in gold, silver, or the currency of thn island. From Venezuela. New Tom, May 3. Venezuelean dates to the th state that the new gold mines of New Provi dence yield abundantly. A few military squab bles had occurred at some points on State Rights claims. The Cholera. Nbw York, May 8. Two new cases of cholera occurred yesterday from the steamship Virginia, at Quarantine. One hundred and one patients were in the hospital yesterday. The oatients are rapidly improving. From Mexico. New York, May 3. The City of Mexico cor respondence of the 11th says that the siege of Mazatlan was continued. The Liberal com mander was found by the French s'ck in bed. and shot. Markets by Telegraph. New York. May 8 Cotton is oulet at 833-Si eents tor middlings. Flour has advanced S a lOouu'ts; jaesot WCOUbols. at $7 209 lor State; 8 90 12 40 tor Ohio ; f 7 20( 9 lor v en tern i ( 10cf 10 60 lor oouiuern; anu a 1U( us 25 lor Canada Wheat lirm; Bales unimportant, corn dull. Beef firm. Port firm ; sales ot 2000 bbls. at 29 26 29 87J for mess. Lard firm at 17M20 cents. Whisky dull. FINANCE AND COMMERCE Office of the Evening Telegraph, Thursday, May 3, 1806. f Secretary McCulloeh's plan for funding the national debt meets with universal approval. The present varied forms in whioh Government certificates of Indebtedness, bonds, and interest bearing notes are held, is the result of the nume rous exigencies which called for the authorizing ot continual new loans, and is at ouce annoying to tne omciais, and calculated to compel con tinual financial changes arising from the falling duo of the 7,30s, their conversion, and other re demptlon provided for by law. In tM early portion of the century the BrltW debt, a third larger than ours, was in exactly toe same disordered condition. England reduced all her perplexing forms of currency to a gene ral basis, and funded alt her debt by he issuing ol "Consols" bearing 4 per ceat. A similar plan of remedying the difficulties of our situation has been proposed by Socrete.ry McCul. loch, and moved in the Senate by Senator Sher Kan. lie favors the reception of all the various certificates, etc., and the Issuing In return ot coupons or registered bonds, bearing 6 per cent,, and redeemable in 30 years. Thus, besides giving one per cent, more than Great Britain, provision Is made for the ultimate redemption of the "eon solldated debt," while England Is well known to never intend a redemption of her oonsols. Although the fact u known, yet the people free! j Invest and at a premium; and if such be the popularity of th s British debt, have we not every cause to prophesy a still p-eater ialcand satis faction with our own? The "consolidated debt'' Is exempt Irom all taxation, and full protection is made In the bill for Justice to the holders of the 7-30 bonds. We see many and excellent reasons for the adoption of the proposed plan. It has been carefully examined by the first financiers of our land, and has beea approved by all our leading public men. It will undoubt edly bo adopted, and by its passage will do much towards rendering the public credit safe from all the dangers ol financial revolution to which a heavily burdened nation is so much exposed. The Stock Market was duJl this morning', aud prices continue steady. Government bonds are in fair demand at about former rates. 5-20s soldatlOlJ. 107 94-100 was bid for Cs of 1881; I01 for 730s; and 9!J for 10-40s. State and City loans are in fair demand. Pennsylvania 58 sold at 88i; and ne City 6s at Ofli Railroad shares are tho most active on the list. About 3500 shares ot Philadelphia and Erie sold Bt3333J, the latter rate an advance ol ; Catawissa preferred at 30130.', no chance: Camden and Amboy at 121, no change; Reading at 534, a slight decline; Lehigh Valley at 6l no change; and Northern Central at 441. no' change. 33 was bid for Little Schuylkill; 531 for Pennsylvania Railroad; and 42 for Klintra preferred. City Passenger Railroad shares are In fair demand. Second and Third eold at 75, an advance of 2; Hestonville at 37J38, a decline of H; 52 was bid for Tenth and Eleventh; 19 for Thirteenth and Fifteenth; 39 for Spruce and Tiue; 51J for Chesnut and Walnut; 2G for Girard College 10 for Ridge Avenue; and 35 for Lnion. Bank shares are without change. 140 was bid for First National; 208 for North America; 61 for Penn Township; 29j for Manufacturers' and Mechanics'; GO for City; 40 for Corn Ex change; and 02 for Onion. n Oil shares continue very dull. Ocean sold at igUUM. uu ciiHiuxe. The New York Tribune this morninor aura- "Money is abundant on call, nt Urhh 39 nonr and loans have been made at t0 days upon Gov- v.uLuiiiiB, hv per cent, in commercial paper no special chancre. Best n and second grade at 8(aii. The general opinion ot the street favors an easy money market until it is disturbed by the Secretary of the Treasury. That he will propose auy funding scheme until Congress adjourns is very improbable. After Congress ia out of the way, tho aoorooriation bills passed, and the revenue lavs amended, the whole subiectwill come before th Hormt.i freed from many erobarrassaip.ntn that- attend the matter. While the Secretary delays money will accumulate a', the commercial cen tres, and call loans promise to rule loer dnrino- the summer of 1806 than has been known in a long time." PHILADELPHIA STOCK EXCHANGE SALRS TO-tiAV Keported by De Uaven fc iro,, Ho. 40 S. Third,strei.t. FIRST BtlARn ff200raos....transf 681 1 6X0 sh Ph & E e 83 ctmiu o new 10C0O 00 S2000 do 600 do 96l OOji KG) lOdsh do 8a 100 sh 100 sh 100 sh 8C0 sh 100 sh 800 sh GCOsh 100 h 200 sh 6X0 sh 100 sh 100 sh 200 sh 1C0 th 100 sh do s6. 881 do s6 84 do 831 964 1 f 100 do 300 do, 700 do. P1C0O do. ...C... 061 C. 94U cs! ao bo Kit do b6 8al do.. ..b80 8tf C62 "COO do Dili ao Do Wi. CO....S80.. mi 2(!00 US 6 20s 62....I01i 1000 ra K 2J mtr 6 Cl uo. 83 do. .bo 83 r00 Heading- s, 70. 98 do. do. do. .D5 &, .16 88 zoii n uccan. , 2C0sh do.. lCOsh do.. 2C0sh do.. '.DOsh do.. 2C0 sh Caia pf ICO sh do. . do 83 do c. 83i 100 sh UO HH l si Atinehill 66 4 sh ao 651 lOOsh N Central.... 44: 80 sh Union KkTonn lo' 21 sh 2d 4; Ud in 1 0 sh do 20 ss Cam k A.. Bo. 121 20 sh l'cnu R fifil 1C0 m Keamnr. . b30 5l 1 1(0 sh do s6 63 100fh do 63,1 25shLch Val ou 100 sh Host b30 88 10 sh do b80 8 100 sh do b80 87J The following is a statement of coal trans ported on the Delaware and Hudson Canal for the week ending April 28, 1866, and for the season : " A week. Ftr tht Delaware and Hudson Canal Co. . main? April 2d. natan. 88, lift 104,6!) Pciinsy.vanla Coal Co ... 67H 1,660 Total tons 86,693 For the same soriod last vnar: 106,240 47.474 6,187 Delaware and Hudson Canal Co. . 83 029 I'eunsy 1 vania Coal Co , 6,187 Total tons g 216 82.B81 PHI LAD' A GOLD EXCHAMUK OITfir ATUixa 10 A. M V2H4 13M 127? U A. M 1271 I P. M 12?! Harpicb, Dijbnby & Co. quote as lollows: Hminw UmII . American Gold 1271' 128 American Silver, b and is 120 1211 American Silver Dimes aud Half Dimes 110 11 J Pennsylvania Currency 65 it Now York Exchange par, par. Messrs. DeLTaven t Tirothftr. Ki. in flritk Third utreet, make the following quotations of the rates of exchange to-day at IP. M. : American Gold f.Wi American Silver, i and is 121 lowpouna intorest Motes: June, WA ... Hi ... 10 ... 10 ... July, 1804 Auirust, 18(4. October, 114 Deo., 18I4 8f May. 185S. . . . 6i Auvast, IStfo. ... 4 V Moot., mib. 83 October, 18ti6. . 8 Philadelphia Trode Report. Thdrsdat, April 8. In Quercitron Bank no ehanire to notice. We quota No 1 a' 823 1 ton. Ihe firmness which has. characterized the Flour Market for some time pa-t still continues, but the transactions are restricted on account of the limited receipts and icoi k. There is a steady demand fro ra the houietrado, but uo inquiry for shloiuent: sales et 1000 bbls. In lots at 99-60.o;10'50 for Northwesters extra family (the bulk of this description); $10 6ftfl) 11-60 for Pennsylvania and O1I0 do do j 9SW9fot extras; 7ial for superfine; and 12rill-for lancy brands, accordmsr to quality. Itye Kiour may quoted at Q5(afi 26 bat there is not much doing'. In Corn Meal no change to notice; 8u0 bbls. Brandy, wine toidon puvate term. There la no new foature to presnt In the Wheat starker, aud prices are firmly maintained; sales of 4000 buslio's at $2 402 45 for fair; S2 10 a2 66 f t good j aud t2-65 tor i hoioe; wiit rsnires trom 2 66 to 2'96. Itye meets with a Arm demand, but there is very little here; sales ot 1500 bushe a Pennsylvania at 98o.91. The recoipis ot Corn are trifling and yellow Is held for a further advance 1 sales of 2200 bushels, afloat, at 1285 oeuta Oats are s'osdf, with email sales ot Pennsylvania at 60 oenu. No sales of llarley or Halt have been reported. Whisky is unohanpedi Pennsylvania Mill slew) t 2 1443 28; and Ohio at M 27. ..b80 Vj ) ..b30 7J 71 ..s0 7' ...bS 80 8u., 801 i f-
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers