his neighbour, paifl no Higher'* tw tVan he who- p poficffcd the pnor lan<l. , What, laid Mr. H. must then be done ? Would you lefort to an aiT.flment ? If so, you embrace an n immense expeiife. For an assessor to go through p , thc 'United States, land to class every farm accord- v irig to its value, would not only be very expense, but it would require a very long time to accomplish g such a bafinefs ; and the expense could not be dated at left tfean from twenty to forty percent, the firft . year upon the sum raised. And to preserve . iy, thing like a just valuation, it mali frequently be E Tepeated, as from emigration, and a variety of a other caufei, the value of property was continually f * changing, and thereby the expense would become very heavy. Besides, from the attachments and interelts of the persons employed on such an occar- (ion, there would be no certainty of obtaining a . just valuation. t , Viewing ail ri'.efe objections, thersfore, he be- j lieved it would be allowea', if it was not impeffible, f it was at lead impracticable to any good effect to ' lay au equal land tax. In other countries, he said, ' " these difficultier, did not exist. The rent of pro- ( perty afforded a certain criterion by which to judge , of its value, and there was therefore no difficulty , fn forming a just apportionment. 1 These obje&ions, he remarked, couli! not be I urged againlt iodircft taxation ; but there were other objeftioHs. They were told that the fotirce ' of indirect taxation was so far exhauded, that to | encreafe these taxes would risk the int,rodu&ion of ' fmujjgling, by which the. morals of individuals 1 would be destroyed, and the revenue dimiuifhed. 1 These, allowed, if tine, were very serious ob- ' jefliont; but he denied their truth. Ho.* did it appear that this source had been so much exhausted 1 that no addition could be made without introdu cing smuggling? TUere was no flatement to prove this ; bnt he believed he should produce a state ment which would prove th<; contrary. He be- 1 lieved the duties on several articles were rapidly in creasing. This proved that duty was paid with ease and, convenience, and that it might be aug mented withont danger. But they were lold, that whilst the revenue depended upon commerce, it was in the power ef foreign nations greatly to embarrass it, and utterly to destroy it by a war with, this country. The propriety was therefore urged of transferring the tixes from sources which 1 might be so affc£lgd to internal sources. These objeiflions, Mr. H. said, deserved to be very seriously weighed. He believed them to He infinitely the moftfolid which could be urged against this mode • of taxation ; and if true in their whnle extent, would afford real ground of objection. But, in the firft place, it miy.be remarked, we are already in this pre dicament. as ojjr refeurces depend upon duties arifrng from foreign articles imported ; and we should be fto morefo, by increaling those duties, since we were as «ffe<ftually under frhat influence whilst five millions were drawn from thit source, as if double the sum was drawn from it. He would ask, if the danger was in creased by increasing the duty ? He believed not; but that the benefits would be increased, without increasing the danger or evil. He believed, however, that this objection was so so lid as to command attention, and to require us to fbape our course accordingly. He believed it was advisable for them to turn their eyes from foreign t» domestic sources of revenue, and commence a system, which may be increased as neceflity may require, and upon which may be transferred a part at least 6f that duty which is at present drawn from foreign sources. This, he thought, was found policy, and this would be found to be his intention; There was another point of view, in which lie plan lie should propose recommended itfelf. all knew money was Immediately wanted. They were not to project a revenue which would be wanted by and by ; 1,t00,000 dollars were wanted immediately. This sum, he said, might immediately be drawn from esta blished channels ; but how long a time, he asked, would it take to raise it by a dire£l tax ? Thof« who were belt acquainted with the fubjerft, would be able to fay there' was always great uncertainty in new sources of reve nue, particularly when the objedt of taxation was en tirely untried. Circumstances might hereafter juftify a transfer of a part of this tax, but, at present, the system of taxes already organized, should be relorted to, as in that there could be no deception ; they would only have to ask for the money and ft would be there. He believed it would be to extend any farther his general observations on the introduSion of this fubje<?t x he should now fubir.it to the committee a sketch oi objefis, which he meant to propose in place of a direct tax on land. He did not mean this as a Complete system ; some of the articles might pe-haps be properly enough struck out, and others introduced. He intended more to recommend the plan than any particular object. He would, however, point out the sources which had struck him as proper tolie resorted to, and leave the committee to determine upon the propriety of adoptiiig or rejecting them. Salt at present paid u cents pe; bushel, ard theckar inereafe of duty from 179J to 1795* had been from *47>000 to 345, cop dollars. This inereafe, he said, proved that the present duty was no way burderiforrte, as the ccnfumption had greatly increased. He there fore proposed an addition of 12 cents pirbufhel, which ■would make an inereafe of duty at least 300,000 dollars. „ If it was thought this was too great an inereafe, a less might be adopted. It might be said this was taxing a necefTary of life ; bat, he said, if fait were taxqdi ! he could use what he pleased of it; but the fame re jr.* k wmld not hold g<;od with refp*<ft t 0 a tax on land. Three bushels of lalt would serve a laboring man, his'wife and three or four children a year, or admitting it; to be four bushels, this additional duty would only amount to half a dollar, and what portion of a land tax would fall lighter than this! It would be said fait was used for cattle alio. The quantity used for this purpose, he believed, was final!. A bushel of fait would be enough for 30 cattle in a year, but if \it ■were twq bushels, the additional duty would only be a quarter sf a dollar, which would not be felt by a mar. who kept this number of cattle ; and if his num ber «as larger, and he were a dealer, those to whom' be fold them weuld pay the duty. The fame jekferva tion wquld hold good with refpeil to fait used in fall ing up provisions for file. His next'objea was an augmentation of the tax on foreign merchandize which at preient paid percent, ad valorem. This duty, he said, had increased from T793 to '95 from 4iJ,000 to 1,781,000 dollars. There had, indeed, beer, a small inereafe of duty between **9j and '794, w hie I. operated 111 1794, bat the in ci'eafe of duty had nfct been by any means equal to thi« n.creafed produce ; and this being the cafe, it hi concluded the duty ha* been paid with convenience and that it would bear an augmentation, and more pari ticu'.-rlv if It was recollefled that the articles included »n this clals, wtrc raeftly articles of luxury and ex pence fair rtbjetfs of fine* « ihe tax won la fall fpuu the rich cpffwf*. P^ a Pfj he said, there aiight be inme articles ot riectULy the lift, whfch might bedeiudted, without making a material iifl«ence in his calculation, lie would pio- j pose to augment this class of articles to ij per cent. which would produce 300,000 dollars. He would propose alf<> to augment that clats 0. goods which at present paid per cent, ad valorem. The duty on these from 1773 to 1795 had increaled c from «3,0c0 to 645,000 dollars. This duty having t increased five-fold (allowing for a small increak ot a dutv as in the former cafe) it might very well be aug mented, especially as the articles in this chfs were alf) articles of expellee and luxury. Suppoic 2 i-i per cent, added to this ; clifi, it would produce ieo.soe dollars. , His next objefl was that class of foreign merchan dize which at present paid 15 per cent- The net re venue of this class in 1793 was 81,000, m 1794, 36a,800, in X79J, 885,00 c dollars. Thucla f s of ar ticles, he said, was exctedingFi numtrous, «ind corn prifed many articles of geuei al confumptisn by all clal- 1 fes of the community, but also some of expcnce. rei- < haps it would not be advisable to increale the duty very much on this particularly as many of ( were such as were manufactured in this country, and ( to increase the duty too much, might enrour a mo- j nopuly amongst our manufacturers at home, wjiich he i w r ould wilh to avoid.—He (hould think, however, 25 per cent, upon the present amount might very well be 1 laid, which would produce ioc,ooo dollars. ( Madeira Wine was an article, the duty upon , which might be increased, though it was already 1 pretty high. In 1793 this duty had produced 1 17, 1 000 dollars, 1794, 152,000, in 1785, 190,000 ( dollars. The consumption it appeared had increaf- 1 ed very confiderablv and he thought it would at 1 least bear 10 per ctnr. upon the present duty, which 1 would produce 15,000 dollars. He believed this might be done ; but if it (hould be doubtful, it might be dropped without inconvenience. Sherry, Lisbon, and certain oii er unenumerated wind, the duties upon which he oelieved liaol in creased mere tha» upon Madeira, he proposed an augmentation which (hould be equal to 15,000 dol lais. Foreign Spirits not distilled from grain, was a msiigft the objects on which an augmentation might take place. This article produced in 1793, 898, COO dollars in 1794, 1,492,000, in 1795, 1,400, 000. The drawback in 1795 had been greater tha* the preceeding year. He would augment this duty to per ceut. on present amount, which would produce 100,eoo dollars. Bohea Tea was an article of great consumption, which at present paid io cents per lb. In 1793 this uriicle had produced 163,000 dollars, in 1794, 226,000, and in 1795, 222,000. He said he was not so certain with refpeft to the pni*irietyof increasing the duty upon thife article as upon ethers. The fmallnefs of its bulk made it a convenient arti cle for fmugglisg, and it would not therefore, be prudent to advance the duty toj high upon it. He thought, however, 10 per cent might be added to it, which would produce 20,000 dollars. Brown Sugar, he said now paid if cent per Ib. It had poduced in 1793, 646,000 dollars, in 1794 510,000, in 1795, 7o 1 7,000 dollars. This duty of t 1-2 cent having been found a very light duly, being more so than the duty upon moil other for eign articles, he propose to augment it one cent per lb. which would produce 4®®,oo® dollars. These augmentatioasjadded together, he said, would amount to 1,450,000 dollars. This sum, he believed, might be very well raif- I ed by additional imposts, which was a greater : sum than was wanted ; 1,200,000 dollars being 1 ' the ettimaied sum required. The augmentations j ( which he had proposed might therefore be greatly ; . reduced. This additionaly revenue, he said,"- would i be raised without as increase of expence of one cent in the pound, by a fylletn ef collection already ef ' tablifhed, and understood, and might be produced ' without delay. ' ] He proposed also that 100,000 dollars ftieuld . be raised by a tax on (tamps, and 150, or 200,000 , by a tax on windows. He propefed these ? he said, not so much with a I view of immediate revenue, bur as a means ps tranf -1 ferring by degrees the revenue from foreign to do mestic sources. He had no doubt that a tax on ' (tamps might be made to produce 500,00o v dollaißj and a tax on windows 4,000,000 if wanted. This ' might also be done with great facility, ant) would t be infinitely preferable to a land tax, as it would j fall equally upon all parts of [he Union. He was . not lure jjut a lax upon hearths might not be (till r better; and by these meafu res they would fee how j far they could go in drawing revenue from internal instead »f foreign fosrees. This, he said, mn(t be gradual. The firft thing aeceffary was to organize a tax, which might take , several years to bring to perfeftien. In the mean time, they (hould get what was immediately wanted ) from the sources he bad already pointed out 5 and - in cafe of future wants, they could have recourse h to the (tamp and window or hearth tax. s r ° ar P cr Concluded with faying, he was feufi ble the Dianhehad proposed an imperfect one; » but as gentlemen had been cautioned agaitift object ing to the fyfiem of direst taxation, except they n produced a fubltitute, he had piodueed this, which g might be added to or dimiuilhed from, as the c«m >r mittee (hutild fee proper. He was convinced of the ) neceffily of iurther -evenue, and he believed that a the paiiiatifm of the people <>f this count,y would d ll,du! :' e ,hem to pay-whatever tax they might be >f convinced was nectffary. « Mr. S. Smith, from the committee to whom i l a was referred to enquire whether any and what »- a » endmen " were nece(Tary in the aft relative to the n military eftablilhment, made a report, recommend -1 Ifund, y iterations, the principal of which was t- the repeal ot that part of the, aft which relates to Mg.it dragoons, and to a n ajor.general and his Raff n Ihe »cport was ordered be committed to a com t. mitiee of the whole. •e Mr> M'difon, from the committee to whom was n referred the confidential communication leceivcd from the Prefideiit of ihe United States, a few davs is ago, gave notice that he had a report Io make L d 1 uis business sni(bed, the houfc Adjourned till Monday. v Philadelphia, February 7. j Ext raft of a letter from Norfolk, dated January 27. '797- . <• Our allies are pkyiftg the devil «.th " where they can take hold, here we are weaning fait from our iratfmiring quilitie.. The Yankee, are as ««ch exafpetated again ft them, Jo you fee what ehanges a little time brings abeut. I Married on Saturday evening last, by the Rev. { Doctor Rogers, Mr. John Howe, to Miss Eliza FlinTham, both of this city. . I COMMUNICATIONS. , The French party seem very sure that an envoy extraordinary will be sent to France—because they infill that the very fame (hould now be met ed out to France that W33 raetcd to Btitain it), 1794. If they think thus, is it not strange that they do not propose an embargo ? Does their own i conduct make' no precedent for ancfther call exact ly similar, putting France instead of England ? i Why are they filer.t about sequestration of French , debts and propetty : Why do they not prohibit all i commercial intercourse vith France and her coio- | nles ? Yet these are the men who boall of a majo rity in one house of Congress, and neve i belefs have ( charged the friends of order with paitiality and in- i confirtency, as if a minority were answerable for | what they cannot d», and as if they thought the , task easier to make the charge again ft others than , to answer it themselves. Fasts are ftubboru things. Colonel Pickering is attacked by a drowfyfeep tic, yclep'd " a citizen*' on the score of ignorance, because he was not so learned in the treachery of courts, as to di Jbeiieve every thing that the Minis ters of Louis the 16th, /aid, published, or did ! A Secretary of State here is to aft the part of a member of a Democratic Society—to believe every thing untrue that any government asserts) and to aft upon any thing foatier thau the evidence of faftsand the best authentic documents. The ,tio ral spirit of this country ib net debased enough to fanftiau this fort of political decyphering. When e»er it becomes rteceffary, however, in felf defence, good mailer citizer. has told us in what diplomatic corps we may find a mailer key to the cyphers. It has been been frequently and justly remarked that a habit of falfehood realiy bewilders some per sons. When once accustomed to represent things as they are not, they lose the nice and ready dil cernment of the impreflion that facts make upon those who ate nfed to feeing and reprefeuting them at they art. The chatafter of public men is a fact of this fort—it is in reality the impreffioti that the public has taken refpefting such men. When we 4 speak of a Congress man's or Secretary's charac ter, we do not confine it to one man's pi irate judgment, .npreven to that which would'geneially prevail, if the foibles and weaknefles of the char-, attcr in qtieftion were trumpeted abroad. The ac tual impreflion on the public decides what is called, character, a word which imports that we speak of what is, not what might be. TheTe observation lead one to remark on the great blindntfs of the diforganizersas to facts. | Their little junto has so longbrpoded over the tales ! thai are hatched in their midnight meetings, that | they lwfe all knowledge of the judgment that the impartial and refpeftable public has definitively ! pafled upon the characters thev have slandered. The Prefiderit and the heids of the Depaitments are mentioned in the Jacobin Gazettes, as having funk very low in the estimation of thc'Citizens— and thi3 they lately tell the very public which at the moment is solicitous to evince it a unbounded ref [ pest for tha President, and which is alfa reading the , 1 able, perspicuous and masterly report of one Secre t tary 011 the Land Tax, and the excellent and irre , fragable diplomatic letter of another. The Jacobins mistake their own opinions for that of the public, and they become once more as they , have been invariably heretofore the dupes of their own credulity and malice. | The anarchists arc sue that an extra envoy will be I fcle<sted for a Trench million froai the iDemocratic corps. It might indeed please Fiance to fee such an ' ; one, becaafe Charles de la Croix would answer our end 1 no worle and that of France nc better' rhan a true De mocrat. Ihe man who would have fubjesed Mr. Jay I in 1781 to the Count de Vergennes has given proof of his gallicism and might polfefs and deserve the confi . denee of every body, but his o»n countrymen. Yet ; however experience has not much encouraged the selec tion of Jacobin miuilters or corporals. The burnt child j dreads the fire. ' | EXTRACT From the Speech of Governor AD/!MS, tc the Le gi/lature of AUJfaclufetts, on the 27th January * . Friends and Fellow Citizens, 1 I think it a duty incumbent upon me to ac ' quaint you, and our fellow citizens at large, that 1 having arrived to a ftsge of life, marked in holv ■ win, and verified by constant expciieace as a time : of labor and fjrrow, it is highly proper both upon t my own account, as well as that of the public, to i decline the future fuffrages of my fellow citizens for : the office 1 have now the honor to sustain. i have had this in contemplation near a twelve month palt. t The infirmities of age render me an unlit pcrfen, iu' , my own opinion, and very probably iu the opinion c ot others, to continue in this Ration ; and I men . lion 'it now, that those of the Electors who may g prubabljrbe too wa.mly attached to me, may not „ nullity their own votes by giving them for me. I J have always been convinced that many others might have been found to fill my place, to greater advan tage to the commonwealth than is now or evet has # been ui my power—b the civil department during d the times of war and of peace, 1 have served her , •^ va "® n »*«n« n » t0 the belt of my ability, -and 1 () hope with general approbation ; and I can f ay w ;,h , UWh, that 1 have not enriched myTdfin her fer viee. My warmed thanks are justly di eto my con wT ot r n lJr , t t! : I£CO " fiJence tl,s y have placed in me. nIM " ft felehfcd from the burthens of my public ftatien, I shall not forget my country. Her welfare and hern j I- liberty and' independ L great lhare in the bell wishes of my heart." ' * TREATY qf PEACE, Between the French. Republic and , he „f„ t Dn , s P 2: ma " coneluded undcr the rhe « , » ft L important condition* follow • * ftal P " CC l| d """'y between these "" w 9 - f r . The ftipulatiow of Buonaparte, on the zoth Floreal, , r e be ft,idly and solely 2 ° h * .sftr &r"" r """ »**»<>* .There is no region upon , he eom each/ country, but the neceffiry dimes „f . u country, and preference is acceded ro rhe inhabT L a,,t fi AT T Mry ' ™' mmual dl ».ret be fixed by a separate convention The exportation of French me ,; h andiz, throat M eftpu. ,f the duke shall psy onlv a , § transit or passage, and not of imp or , a ,; 0 ,, being intended for the maintenance of Widge, Jd i repairs of roads-articles tranfmiucd by rivers or navigable canals, (hall pay no duties In execution of the 6th article of, the Haeue treaty, concluded the zzi Floreal, tWd year the present peace is declared also wi,h the Batavia'n re public. (Signed) CHARLES D£ LA CROIX, COUNT POLITI, LOUIS BOLLA. Paris, November 6. ■ «isf»7rft7rrE ARTICLE. His royal l.ighnefa .gives u j, one-fourth of the duties of entry upon merchandize coming f, om the foil of the repubhef its colonies, and filhfries for his int«rior conlumption, ai.d exjj,.r; , „ thear Wcle* of his produce designed for the republic itp on a reciprocal advantage allowed him with :hcra namely, on their importations from his territories' and their exports intended his fubje&s. JN; ew Theatre. 'ON WEDNESDAY EVENING, February 8 Wilt be profented, (for tht fourth time) an Historical Play, calkd Columbus'; Or, A WORLD DISCOVERED WITH NEW SCENERY. MACHINERY,'nkESSFI AND DECOR tTIONS. The music composed by Mr. Reinagle. The proceflions and Pageant by Mr. Byrne. In this Play the manners and tuftoma of Mcxico and Peru characterize the firll discovered nations of Ameiica. ■ Such deviation from HiUorical truth was deemed nereitry ™ , for drs'matic effed, and has euablcd the anthor to mtro " duce the pathetic Tale of CORA and ALONZO, from Marmontel's lncas. aUE-y\\lbe (poke by Mr. Wic • SPANISH PAt i Y. . -Columbus, Mr. Cocier 3 Alonzo, Mr. Moreton t Harry Herbert, Mr. Wigtfell Dodfor Dolores, Mr. lianuooi liribon, Mr. Francis Roldan, Mr. Fox Valverdo, Mr. Barley s Mufcofo, Mr. Bij/fett r Captain, Mr.' WDuuali ift Spaniard, Mr. 'Barley, j;in. „ sd Spaniard, Mr. Morgan INDIANS. Orozimbo, Mr.\ Warren Solafco, -Mr* V lift mage Catalpo, Mr. Warrell Cuto, Mr. J riurrcll 1 Cora, Mrs. Merry t Is'elti, Mrs. Francis \ Priefteffcsof tkeS.m,{J£; , Indian Women, —Mrs Htivey", Mrs. Doctor, Miss Mil bourue, Miss Old field Miss L'Elliange, Mil* Batea, Mill Anderfon, and M'etle Sophie c In ?£f i. A PROCESSION' OF IN Dl, A Ns, and the fir! Landing ot CAlumkus. 1 In a 6) ,n. d REPRESENTATIONGI' A STORM AND EARTHQUAKE; wittl a (> r~:l }■' " T.' -- : "• r- : c . if A March of Sacrifice, and Proceflion to the Execution i- of Cora. ■t The whole tb Conclude wun A GRAND PAGEANT. TheTcene of the Volcano designed by J. Kich.irdi, ■j Esq. r. A. principal Sccbe Painter to.Covtflt-Garden Theatre. The reft of the Scenery designed by Mr. Milbonrne, an<i the whole executed by him and under his direc tion. Machinist, Mr. Lenthai!. The dresses designed by Mr. Gibbons. To which will be added, A FARCE, called « Love a-la-Mode; J Or, THE HUMOURS OF IHi TURF. Ie [Written by Cbarlea Mackllfi, Efq ] , n Sir Calaghan O'Bralaglian Mr. ll'arrcn ■ 0 Sir Archy M'Sarcafm Mr. Bates Squire Groom Mr. Harvjotd >v Beau Mordecai Mr. Frauds e Sir Theodore Goodchild Mr. V/arr '■, Sci vant Mr. Mitchell in Charlotte Mrs. Harvey in {5° The Public are rcfpe&fully informed, that the new n comedy ? o.f The Way to get married is in preparation, and will be speedily brought forward ; after which Co 'y 'lumbus will neteCarily be JaU aside. Box, One Dollar twtntj -five tents. Pit Seven E!g«- * I "of a Dollar, and Gallery, half a dollar. ht £5" Tickets to be had at H. &P. Rice's dook-ftore. p. No. 50 High-llreet, and at the Office adjoining ! e Theatre. . Ladies and Gentlemen-are requeued tolled t ctr 'Si servants to keep places a quarter o'clock, cr ro order them, as fooa as the company are teatf®, to I Withdraw, as they canoot on any account be pern" 1 " th ted to remain. , • r . The Doors of the Theatre will open at j, a n " lie .. Curtain rife precisely at 6 o'clock. . , Places for the Boxes to ue taken at the Office in ' |C IC ' front of the theatre, from lo til! 2 o'clock, anc ium ■X io till 4on the days of performance, cr VIFAT RES PUBLIC J!
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