was defeated ; —Tils coolness and intrepidity in the j mi.lft of a rpoft bloody scene, finally sustained his char. a<Jter *bove censure, and added credit to the American arras. In 17 78 he shared in the hanor of the viilory over the British army at Monmouth. In the fanjie year he dittinguifhed himfelf by a bold attack upon a block house on the North River. It was rendered unfuccfi"- ful according »o the account given of it by General J Waihwgton in his letter to Congress, only by the in temperate valor of his troops. v In 1779. he diftingurfhed himfelf by fu'rprifing and Jtorming Stony Point —In effe&ing this business, he 1 marched several miles through a deep roorafs in the ' middle of the night. In the attack upon the fort, he wasftruckdown.by a ball which grarifed hisheai. It was expe<!\ed that he was ; but he foen rose so as to reft on one knee. Feeling hi« situation, and be'iev- *• jng his wound to be mortal, he cried out to one of his 0 Aids, Carry me forward, and let ras die in the fort." ' When he entered it, he jjave orders to flop the effu fion of bleotl by th' sword, and to make the garrison prilbners of war.—This humane/ command was the t more generous as the garrison eonfifted of fjme of the t troops who had ufetl the bayonet without mercy, at s the faoli. F In the year 17*1, he bore an a&ivepart in the cam- e paign which reduced the army of Lord Cornwallis to <j the necessity of surrendering prisoners of war. After f this event, he was sent by General Washington, to con- h dudl the war i« the State of Genrgia. Here his pru- S dcnce, courage, and military Ikill were amply tried. He contended wi'h equal fueceii with British soldiers, Indian savages, and American traitors. In a short tl time, he established peace and liberty in that once dif- f trailed state. As a reward for his eminent frrvires, S the lfgiflature <Jf Georgia presented him with a valua- f ble farm. Upon the return of peace he retired to private pur suits. In 1787 he fubferibed as a member ofthe Pe»n fylvania conventionale inftrumtnt which declared the prcftnt Federal Coti'lVitution of the United States to be part of ths supreme law of the land. In the ye?r 1791, he accepted ofthe command of the Amarlcan army, to be employed agjynft the Indi ans, who fqr several years had carried on a fuceefsful and desolating war, upon the frontiers of the United State». In this Situation his military genius broke forth with accumulated luflre. He disciplined and created an army, and by uniting in his fyttem of ta&ics In dian llratageir.s with civilized bravery, he led on his troops to /lAnry over numerous and conledtrated tribes, and thereby gave peace in a single day to the United States. Ha died of an acute disease, at Prefqu isle, in the fcrvice of his country, on the 15th of December, 1706. * Reader! whoever thou art, remember that the man whose name is hereby revived in the public mind, was thy friend. He endured hunger, cold, pain, . watchfulnefs and fatigue, and he fought and hied, that thou mighteft enjoy Liberty and Independence.— He died in a hut in the wilderness, remote from his friends, that his countrymen might enjoy in fafety, beneath dcmeftic fh'ades, and in cultivated society, the peaceable fruits of their labours. Traveler! who ever thou art, that (hall visit the shores ofthe lake, on ■which his body is interred, stop, and drop a tear in behalf of his country, over his grave. Plant near it , a willow, which fballconvey to it the dew of Heaven, J and cut its bark, in letters that ihall grojw with timo, the name of WAYNE, with the precious epi theti, of PATRIOT, HERO and FRIEND. \ CONTINUATION OF Late Foreign Intelligence. By the arrival at New-Ljndon. ABSTRACT, from a Liverpool paper of November 15. BY letters from R. Craufotd, to the Brnifh mi nister, as late as the 27th of Oa. he fays, after several defeats, Moreau was obliged to recrofs the Rhine on the night of the 26th of OS. to Hun in E en. The last of his rear guard was this m»rn ;„a (the 27th) on the heights of Weillar, on which Morcau had conSrufled a large and solid work ; but after a little skirmishing wuhthe Hnlfars, they evacuated the heights and redoubt, before any in* fantry could come up, and nothing now remains on this fide of the Rhine, but a few troops in a fma.l Tete de Pont, behind which is a kind of horn work, lately conftrufted on the island, called Shu terinfcl. The French are Rated to have met with great leffes in cannon, prisoners, &c. bolh by Mr. Crauford's letters, and the difpatcl.es to the empe roi's minister in London, which detail the particu lars It is further stated, by this mimftei's dis patches, that the defeat of the French by WW fer Oft. 7, w as mo(l compleat. The Vienna Ga zette ofthe 19th, merely dates, that Wurmfer, after two fruitless sttacks on Governolo, (near Mantua,) at last carried that place by assault, and put a whole French garrison to the sword. We irealfo ta observe, that the official reports of the Fiench generals and commissaries of the 15th and 17th of oa. from the lalt Paiis papers, make no mention of these affairs. The news from the Lower Rhine is not impor (am it principally coitfifts- of alarms oceaf.oned by the Auflrian detachments now on 'he left banks of the Rhine. They makeextenfive incursions, and cmifc great alarm to the garrisons of Coblctuz, Landau, See. . t 1 11 *1 The Imperial armies in Italy as well as upon the Rhine, receive daily reinforcements ; and unless peace is concluded, the ImpenaUlU will follow up their fuc<*ffes by a winter's campaign in France. SWITZERLAND, Oa. 20. A report prevailed that the army of Moreau was approaching onr frontiers in it. retreat from Swab*. Some cantons proposed to convoke an affably of 'J the ttates ; bat the canton of with firmnefs, that troops ought to be assembled in the firit inltance. In h&, <s°»° men marched to the frontiers, and this example was followed by the other Cantons. LONDON, Not. IJ. A eorvette of 24 gum. one of Rtchery's fleet, J. mentioned to be taken by an Englifli fr. ? ««. There are 3 English squadron. cra.Ußg for Riche ry in the channel, Mann's, I hompfon s, and Cur tlSßv the papers it appears that Lord Malmftury Hill at Paris ; and » is obfetved, under Lon don head of 15th Nov. from the total hlencc for s om e davs on the fuhjeft of Lord Ms. negonati on, tIKV hope, that things are going on in a tram ' which prrmifa fair for a fp«dy adjustment. Philadelphia, j FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 13, 1797. Married lafl: evening, by the Reverend Mr. Aber croinbie, Doctor James Gallahe*, to MiU Margaret k Dobson, daughter of Mr. Thomas Dobfon. Died, at Lancaster, Pennfylrama, after labonring under many hard Mr. Democratic So- CtETY, of that place, in the 2d year of his age—Hi3 stock in trade will be fold at public auiflion. The pafiengers and crcvr of the ITiip Barrington, Captain Stewart, loft on the Isle of Sables on the izd 5 of last Septeml>er, are arrived at New-York from f Halifax in 14 days. i The Common Council has rcfolved, nnanimoully, that the address of the President ofthe United States to the People be printed with their refotves and ordi- i nances. Also, that an address be presented to him ex prefiive ®f their Uigh sens« of the services he has render- . ed ro his country, and their deep regret at his relin- 1 quifhing that high office which for eight years he has filled with so much honor to himfelf and advantage to hit country. These resolutions have beea sent to the Select Council for concurrence. € Agreeable to the plan laid before Congress of a \ dire<st tax of one million, soar hundred and eighty- r four thousand dollars, to be laid upon the United States, the apportionment of the several States is as L . follows: * Dollars' 3 To the State of Vermont, 18,000 ) 5t,000 { Maftachufetti, 196, «oo , Rhode-Island, «?,000 £ Connedlicut,, 98,009 New-York, 140,000 ' New-jersey, 7«,ooo 1 Fennfylvania, 181,000 > Delaware, 14,003 | Maryland, ua,oOo 1 < Virginia, 166,000 ( Kentucky, i8,30c North-Carolina, 140,000 Tenneflee, 14,000 I South Carolina, 84,000 1 Georgia, 18, oca < Amount to 1,484,000 . From which there being dedu&ed for ") , abatements, erroneous afTefTinents ajid ( , charges »f collection, fifteen per cent. zn,oeo 1 There will remain the eltimated net / , proceeds of the proposed tax, being 3 %l *°° CIRCULAR. B'Jlon, Decemhr j2, 1756. Gentlemen, I am informed that " Winterhotham's Hillnrical, ' Geographical, and Philosophical View of the United States of America," firft pubiilhed in England, has been rep, inted in this country It is apparent to every intelligent reider, an I in tne Englifli edition it is acknowledged, that the author I " his availed himfelf of the I "hours and abilities" of others s and that "he has often no other merit than what arises from feleftion and a few connecting fen- If ' tences. Part of my literary property has-been in this manner invaded ; and I am advise t 'hat flie KVt'S ofttl'e tJHit ed States will give me a fufSci.-at remedy against any person who (hall .reprint, import, publith, fall, or expose to sale, any part of the shove work, which may comp ehend any confiderahle portion of my pub lications. As it is probable that some sopies of the above work mav be trsufmitted to you for sale, T have thought it friendly and proper to apprize you of my intention to apply Ui# prSvifi»ns of the law upon this fubjeifl to my rtlief, if it fliould become neceftiry- I am, Gen:lernen, Your humb'e servant, JEREMY ISELKNAP. To the Hookfellefs of the United ) Staus of North-America. J Yeflerday the Senate of this Commonwealth waited on the Prrfident of the United States and presented to him the following address : To GEORGE WASHINGTON, Pxbsidiht of the United Status. SIR, YOU R late address to the pesple of the United States, whillt it awakens every sentiment of grati tude, deeply affects our feelings with regret. The friendly c«unfel you have offered, to your fellow citizens, to induce them to adhere ftedfaltly to their present union repress the spirit of par ty : to cherilh religion, knowledge, and public credit ; and to maintain a dispassionate and impar tial, though amicable disposition tawards foreign . nations, meets with our warmed approbation. In your forcible expolition -ef the dangers which will | result to their freedom, fafety and prosperity, from ' 3 dereliaion of those falutsiy maxims, we recog nize thatjuft discernment of the real interest as our | countty, and that firm adhetence to the principles of true patriotilm, which have always diftinguilhed your public conduct. Your fellow-citizens, fe* i lible that with your measures their dearelt interefU were intimately conneaed, have regarded them with anxious attention ; t.h«y have beheld you, under the aufpioes »f divine providencc, leading their ar mies to viaory, and guiding their councils to prof -1 peritv and peace ; nor has the closest examination of yourcondua produced any other effea, than to flrengthen their reliance on your wisdom and 1 virtue. The various testimonials of attachment, whicis ■ you have received from the people of the United States, mult have fully convinced you, that those affeaionate fenfation6 towards them, whifch are so feelingly exprefled in your address, are reciprocated by correspondent femimems on their part. The , figna! inflance of steady approbation, with which they have supported your administration, and the - ftiirCefs which lias attended it, have exhibited to the - ivortd a (Inking proof, that the mod effeaual me tliod of securing the confidence, and accompli(hing f the welfare of an enlightened nation, is,- to pur • iue, with undeviating frrmnefs,a policy founded on r the purest integrity. The fatisf#aien ve have derived from your fa il lutary communications, is greatly allove Iby the Intorrhation which has accompanied them, that we ire (*o soon to lie deprived of those faithful fervi.-es fjom which such important benefits have resulted to this in cemmoa with the othef flutes. We are, at the fame time, compe'".*d to a {Tent to the ju ll ice of your claim :o that repose in the evening of your days, which nas been so long facrificed to the voice and intereflj of your country. You will carry with you into retirement, the so lid enjeiymfnt ariGng from the applause of your grateful country, and the canfciouf.iefs of a life da voted to virtue and public utility. In addition to these faurces of happiness, may you long enjoy the bielflnga of health 5 mav you largely partake of that national felitfity,.to the establishment of which you have so eminently contributed ; and may your successors in office, be influenced by yoar example, in their efforts to promste the peace, fafety, and dignity of the United States. * Signed by Order, ROBERT HARE, - Spcaksr of the Senate of the Commonwealth of Pennfylvaivia. To which the President returned the following anfvjer. To the Senate of Peunstlfahu. Gentlemen, I RECEIVE with great pleasure the expressi on» of your approbation of ray public ferrices. The general mirks of fatisfa&ion, and the various tefli monies of feleft and difceraing bodies of men a mong my fellow citizens, refpe&ing my public coftduft, while they have ftimslatsd my exertions to b« ufeful to my country, the sole object «f all my aiMs and withes, have also enforced the juftncls of your remark, " that the nvift effectual method of fecuringtha confidence, an 4 accomplilhing the wel fare of an enlightened nation, is ta pursue with »n ---deviating firmneft, a policy founded in pure inte grity.'' And I (hall be patdoned when 1 add, that conscious integrity has been my unhealing support, and while it gave me confidence in the m?afures I purfaed, the belief of it, by acquiring to me the confidenae of my fellow citizens, ensured thefu:- cess Which they have had. This consciousness will accompany me in my retirement : Without it, public applauses could be viewed only as proofs of public error, and felt as the upbraiding of petfonal (dement. In this retirement, to behold the nation al felicity will be largely to partake in it; and if with this felicity I enjay health, which you kindly wish me, my hopes in this world will be oonfum mated. (Signed) Go. WASHINGTON. For the Gazette of the United States. Mr. Ffnno, It is proposed to fubrait a fe.v observations on thequeltioii " WheAer a citizen has a right to dived himfelfof his allegiance, without thecosfent of the society of which he is a member," —as ap plicable to the cafe of captain Barney, who is fai l to be a&ing under a commiflioH to capture tne property of citizens of the United States. To acquit captain Bumy, or a.ny nther Ameri can citizen, in his it will be tiectffary to proyc, either that the tight to expatriate, is a natural right, which man cannot be deprived of, on entering into fo;icty ; or if nut a natural right, one ftipuhted for in the facial c«mpa<£\, into which ' he entered, or permitted by fume «& of his affoci atis. Is it a na'tiral ? We shall not apply to books for a solution of this problem. There is hitjher authority nearer at hand. We conceive that Americans, who havu had a frae intercourse with thj savage tribes, and a pretty correct knowledge i <*f ihe principles which govern them, are better able to determine, what are maa's right* in a Jiate of nature, than either H tSbes or PufFendorf. What do wu learn.from their experience ? That the mem bers of tribes are attached each to his par ticular tribe—knd that no inflanees are known of a savage leaving his afTociates, and connefUng him felf voluntarily With a different tribe to fight against his original tribe or nation This fact, therefore, may be conftdered r.s a eonclufive, though negative proof ; that it does not belong to man, as an in herent right, to divert himfelfof his allegiance, or desert his tribe and turn his arms againll thofs with whom he was an original afTociate. Is it then under the conflitution ot laws of the United States* that her citizens acquire the right to abandon and plunder theii afTociates ? No Neither the conflitution nor laws favor or fofler any such principle. On the contrary, the afTociates to the constitution, bind themselves " to a mart perfect union," which cannot mean a right to desert each other, and thus diflblve tha union—" to ejlablifk juflice," which cannot meas a right to turn pirates '—" to insure domejlic tranquility," which cannot j mean a right to diflurb it—" to provide for the I common defence," which cannot mean a right te weaken it— 44 to promote the general welfare," which I cannot mean a right to deltroy it—apd " tofecure I the klejftngs of liberty to themfehetand their fioflerity," , which cannot mean, to secure them to the people of France and their pufterity. Such are the objedts and purposes, as exprefTed in cheir conflitution, for which the citizens of the United States have afTociated. They havefolemnly bound themselves to abide by this expression of their will, and they have not yet altered these par ticulars by any fubfequei.t inflrument. As to the laws, these emanate from the coitllitution, and mult be subservient to it—they cannot contravene its obje£ts, or authorise what is to destroy the compact itfelf. For, if captain Barney miy lawfully make a piize ot the property of 'he citi zens of the United States, under colour of a French commiffioi), and an oath of allegiance to the republic of France, every other American citizen may a A in the fame manner towards their afTociates, which amounts to a breaking up of the society. 1 But does not this interpretation of the compad " trench upon man's natural liberty and independ ; ence ? Mait does not derive from nature a right to violate engagements, into which he has freely en- I tered ; nor a right to prey tipon his affociatas, - whose welfare he it pledged to promote ; nor has i nature given to man faculties and powers, that car render him independent of others, er enable hiir - to live without society. t If man may at all fever himfelf t-emthafe with c whom he is ail original affoctf tes,afid ci.terinto ob & II orations with a fereign nation; the new obliga tions can be no farther binding on him, thim as permitted by his ass.i iates, or as they do not clalh with anterior and primary obligations. On this ground a, government may naturalize the fubje&s or citieens of other governments—but .cannot exa& from them ftrviees, repugnant to their original obligations, unless they have been released from these, by some adl of their aflociates. These opinions are net new—hey are but a tran fciipt of the general sense of mankind touching this queflion, in all ages of the world. I shall only add ta these (hart remarks, an ex» tract of an ordinance of France on the fame fnbjeil —with a commentary thereon by Valin. ORDINANCE. Article 111. " We prohibit all our fuhje&s, from taking commijjiens, from any foreign king, prince or state, ta equip vefTels of war and cruiae under their flag, unless by our pcrm'ijion, under pain of being treated as pirates." COMMENTARY. "To these general and indefinite propoGtions, there is no exception. They extend to commiflions taken from powers friendly or allied, neutral or fuf pefted. They relate also at well to a time of peace as war. " The reason for so general a prohibition is, be eaufe it amounts to a fpeciesof deftrtion, combined with on engagement to serve a foreign sovereign. That of imploring his protection to cruize under his flag, in preference to the prote&ion and flag of their own favereign. " The alliance of the sovereign with the prince from whom the commission may be taken, cannot ferre as an excuse, because though "an ally, he i* not less a foreign power. Besides, if tl\ecomniif fion of the foreign prince, is to a& again# the paw er with whom he intends to remain neutral, it would be giving him just grounds of complaint—which might finally be the cause of a rupture. " It is therefore evident, that fsch' commiflisnt cannot be taken nvithiut the permtjjton of the fove *eign : and that a contravention meiits the puuilh ment due to pirates—as decided the,4th article of the declaration of the Ift February 1650 —the ar ret of'con ncil of the 26th Augull of the fame year—and that of the 31(1 O&ober 1662. " This fame declaration, besides the words all our fuljeSs, adds domiciliated or not domiciliated in our kingdom, or the countries under our dominion, which addition is to be underftjod of the above ar ticle—bccaufe Frenchmen having fettled in a fo reign country, are not less Frenchmen and fnhject* —at least they remain to far fubjcQi that if they take up aims againll, the king or a3 againfl the French vtffels—-they deserve death as rebels to their king and traitors to their country." LOCCENIUS. By this day's Mail. BOSTON, January 6. By an arrival at M irblehead, which left Rotter, dam November 14, It is f*id,news is received, {hat she French haverejefted the tarms of peace, which the British plenipotentiary, lord Malmelbury, w-t» authorised to offer. The fchooorr Phenix, arrived at Marblehead from Holland, brought French and Dutch paper* of a late date. By the arrival at New-London, letters have been received as late as November 30. Tuesday, J*n. 3. Arrived (hip Financier, Parsons, Oporto,. 54 days Left there, bitg Rebecca, Bruce, of New- York, likely to be condemned, as unfit for sea. Dee. 11, lat. 36, 42, long. 6t, ao, spoke sloop Gardner, 30 daya from Martinique far New bury. Dec. 6, lat. 40, 56, long-. 58, spoke brig- Mary, Ward, 6 days from New-York for Amster dam. The brig Eliza, was spoke with Dec. 12, lat. 41, bound to Philadelphia, had fprunk her fare, mail. On the i6th ultimo, the following velTels failed from, the port of Sath in the Diftriil of Maine. It is a good proof of the astonishingly increased importance of the eastern part of this State. Ships Nancy, Lord, for Liverpool; Curls, Hol brook, for Trinidad; Mercury, Farnarn for Demera raSchs. Polly, Martin, for Demerara ; Hannibal, Pat terfon, for do, and Guardian, Redman, tor do. NEW-YORK, January ti. Captain Terry, of the brig Commerce, from Jacquemel, informs, that previous to his failing, it was reported there, that the schooner Romp, Oliver Peck, matter, belonging to Isaac. Riley,' t was captufed off the harbour of Jacquemel, by • British frigate, and fuppoled to have beeu sent to Jamaica ; and that the captain, aad Mr. Paul I Richard Randall, supercargo on board, were put c in irons, and sent to Male St. Nicholas. ■ , War between England and Spain, was declared at New-Orleans, on the 17th December. Schooner Active, Wilcox, from New-Orleans, j failed December} left there, c Ship Two Friends, Billings, to fail for the Ha vanna in 7 days. Brig L'ttle George, Holden, to fail for New . York in 10 or 15 days. e r " 1 Pantheon, 8 AND RIGKETTS's AMPHITHEATRE. Y Corner of Chefnut and Sixth-street* Y For and Stags Performances* Tl-lVfomzit Evening, Saturday 'January 14, Will be prafented a variety of Entertainments, as will be eipreffed in the bills of the day. n The whole t« uoncludc With, for the firft time, a new comnc Pantomime (Under the diredti#n of \tt. Jo mss,) Called a The Magic Feast. j. —— 0 For Sale, ]' Two Convenient BRICK HOUSES, S, * as Three (lories high, 16 feet front, and 40 feet de.-p , n each, and adjoining; situated on the east fide of Front, m between Race and Vwe-ftreets ; Nos. 161 and 163. They will he fold on very reafanablc terms, either separately or together. Apply to JOHN MILLER, jun. A CO. b_ January 13 - a**"
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