- *he bedf#rD gka£ette IS PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY MWTMNFL BY B. P. IfIRYKRS, RI HIP following terms, to wit: s'.> 00 per annum, if paid within the year. $2.61 " " n°< paid within the year. Q7*NO Mihtcription taken lor less than six months. QT7"NI> paper discontinued until all airenragesare paid, unless at the option of the publishei. it has been decided by the United States Courts that the ■•opptg* of a newspaper without the payment of arrearages, is prima farie evidence of fraud and us a criminal offence. [CThc courts have derided that persons are ac countable for the subscription price of newspapers, if they take them from the post oltice, whether they subsetibe for them, or not. Professional <ffavl>3. F. M, KIMMXIL. '- VV. LINOENVKLTKR KIMMELL & LINGENFELTER, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, BEDFORD, PA. [GTHave tormed a partnership in the practice of the haw. Oltice on Juliana street, two doors South of the "Mengel House." JOB MANN. (J. H. SPANG. MANN & SPANG. ATTORNEYS AT LAW, BEDFORD, PA. The undersigned have associated themselves in the Practice ot the Law, anil will alien I promptly to all business entrusted to their caie in Bedford and adjoining counties. Ks~Olfice on Juliana Street, three doors south of the "Mengel House," opposite the residence oI Maj. Tate. Bedford, Aug. 1, 1861. JOHN CKS&NA. O. E. SHANNON. CESSNA & SHANNON, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, BEDFORD, PA., KP"Have formed a Partnership in the Practice ot the Law. Oltice nearly opposite the Gazette OHice, •where one or the other may at all times be found. Bedford, Aug, 1, 1861. JOII X P. REED, ATTORNEY AT LAW, BEDFORD, PA., Hespcetfatty teudets hit services to the. Ptih/te. second door North of the Mengcl House Bedford, Aug, 1, 1861. W.M.HALL. JOHN PALMKH. HALL & PALMER, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, BEDFORD, PA tCTWiII promptly attend lo a!J business entrus ted to there care. Oliice on Johanna Street, (near. 5v opposite the Mengel House.) Bedlerd, Aug. 1, 1861. A. 11. COFFROTII, ATTORNEY AT LAW, SOMERSET, PA., "Will hereafter practice regularly in he several TourU of Bedford county. Business entrusted to his care will be faithfully attended to. Decerob'.r 6, 1861, DR. B. P. HARRY, BEDFORD, PA., Respectfully tenders his professional services to the ritizens of Bedford and vicinity. (X7""()flice and residence on Pitt Street, in the building formerly occupied by Dr. John Holius Bntftrrd. fivg. I, IWI. JOHN BORDER, GUNSMITH, BEDFORD, PA. Shop at the east end of town, one doc west ef the residence of Major Washabaugb. SyAll guns of my own manufacture warranted. Bedford, Aug. I, ISO I. SAMUEL KIYTVKXH, BEDFORD, PA., K7"Woiild hereby notify the citizens of 4edford county, that he has moved ro the Borough of Bed foul, where he may at all times be found b> persons wishing to see him, unless absent upon business perlnining to his office. Bedford, Aug. 1,1861. JACOD KKKD, J. J. Sen ELL, REED AND BCIIELL, BANKERS & DEALERS IN EXCHANGE, BEDFORD, PENN A. REDRAFTS bought and sold, collections made and money promptly remitted. Deposits solicited. KEFKRKNCftS. Hon. Job Mann, Hon. John Cessna, and John Mower, Bedford Pa., R. Forward, Somerset, Bunn, Kaiguel & Co., Phil. J. A'att tc Co., J. W. Cm ley, h Co., Pittsburg. CHARLES HOTEL, CORNER OF WOOD / NO THIRD STREETS p i r r s n r e. G it, p A HARRY SHIRLS PROPRIETOR. April f> 1861. W. w. MAIR. JOHN S. DAVISON MAIR ANO DAVISON, Importers and Dealers in Saddlery, Carriage and Trunk Hardware and Trimmings, NO. 127 WOOD STREET, Pittsburg Penn'a. cf? (rr PITTSBURG, PA., Corner Penn and St. Clair Sts The largest Commercial School of the UnileJ States, with a patronage of nearly 3.000 Students, in five years from 31 States, and the onlv one which affords complete and reliable instruction in all the following branches, viz : Mercantile, Man ufacturers, Steam Boat, Railroad and Book-keeping. First Premium Plain and Ornamental Penmanship; also, Surveying and Mathematics generally. $35.00 Pays for a Commercial Course. Students enter and levievv at any time. sons' tuition at half pticc. Fot Catalogue ol 86 pages, Specimens ot Busi ness and Ornamental Penmansiiip, aud a beautiful College view of 8 square feet, containing a good variety of writing, lettering and flourishing, in close 21 cents in stamps to the Principals. JENKINS & SMITH Pittsburg, Pa. April 19, 1802. ADMINISTRATOR'S NOTICE. Letters of administration with the will an nexed on the estate of Jacob Stoudenour, late ol Golcrain Township, dee'd, having been gran' Jd to the subscriber, residing in said Township, notice is therefore given to all persons indebted t said estate to make payment immediately, nnd those having claims will present them-forth with for settlement. HENRY V. DIEIIL, Adm'r. cum. tost. arm. Feb 27-—ft? '*. - 4 VOLUME as. NEW SERIES. ulI)c 0d) oohnast er 2lbtoal). EDITED BY SIMON SYNTAX, ESQ K7"Teachersnnd friends of education are respect fully requested to the above caie of " Bedford Gazett POWER OF CUSTOM. In this age of enlightenment, and land of boasted liberty, where all men are declared to be free, and shivery viewed us ail unpardonable ott'ence, how strange to think that lueu should voluntarily and wilfully become the slaves of custom; one of the most arrogant, despotic, and, at the same time, inconsistent of inonarchs, as lie generally rules more by force than per suasion or arguuienlativc reasoning. And, not withstanding our assertions to the contrary, we are all more or less the subjects of his capricious will. No man need say that he is not a follow er of custom, or that he does not care for the good or bud opinion of his fellow man, as such is not really the case; and were it so, the state of society, to a certain extent, would lie worse in place of better. As it has always been con ceded that "a due respect for the opinion of all mankind," is preferable to cither real or studied indifference, on a subject so closely allied with j our happiness, whether we view the matter in an individual or collective sense. In following the usages and customs of society, if we could only learn to discern the useful from the bane ful. and the desirable from the destructive, wo might then, with firm faith, enlist under the banner of time-honored, praise-worthy customs, feeling perfectly sure of being lead aright. But Unfortunately how few there arc to enter the lists, and alas! that many should fall off, as the difficulties of life press around them, passing over to the ranks of tho enemy, without, per , baps, making one struggle to maintain the hon | arable positions they have assumed. Since wc I nil arc creatures of habit or custom, is it not befitting us as rational beings, to study well the nature and effects of the different customs by which wc are surrounded, before adopting and incorporating them as part and portion of our nature, cultivating thcui around us with links of adamantine strength. Reason certainly suggests and approves of such reflection, and yet how few there arc who ever give the subject a tho't; but foolishly adopt and fall into habits of the most pernicious character, without, probably, having ever asked themselves the true nature, tendency or consequences of the usages they are following, or the customs they are adopting.— The question now arises where, and nt what pe riod of life we should begin to exercise our rea soning faculties, in regard to good or evil prac tices, and the various influences which follow in their train. According to my own views, I would certainly be in favor of beginning the nc ccssarv exercise in the school room, and at as early a period as possible, for several reasons, one half which could not well be given in a short production like this. If it be true that I children resemble the monkey, in his attempts ! at imitating, that which comes under his eye, 1 how necessary is it then that the example placed before them should lie of a pure and improving character. And that they should he early taught the strong necessity of observing and reflecting well before making choice of any particular habit or custom. If the benefits arising from good, orderly habits were well impressed upon the minds of children in the school room, thro' the advice of teachers, and the still more effica cious influence of their example, much good j might lie done, and rapid improvement would doubtless ensue from such a course. Children i naturally look to their preceptors for advice, and if more time was bestowed in oral instruc tion of that nature, I firmly believe their minds would not only be improved, but that they would possess an energy of character, and a clearness I of judgment, which few persons now dream of. To show children but one side of tlie question, or to instruct litem in regard to good habits only, would be folly indeed, as it is by comparison alone, that we can judge of the relative value of anything. In order that they should learn to decide well and wisely, they must have vividly placed before them, the great misfortune of con tracting evil habits, and tho large amount of wretchedness which follows in their wake. If both sides wore fairly, earnestly and frequently portrayed, by skillful teachers to their pupils, some of the recklessness which we now see so boldly displayed would be avoided, and good conduct substituted in its place. In order to fix these principles well, teachers should begin early, and never relax their efforts, both byword and example, so long as the pupil remains tin der their jurisdictin; feeling satisfied in their own minds that if they have not accomplished all they would have desired in their behalf, the}' at least have assisted them to form many good and useful habits. It is nothing unfreqtient to hear persons, and intelligent persons, too, say that they lmvccontracted injurious habits,which, from long continuance, seem like second nature; therefore tlrey cannot lay thorn aside, and blush not to acknowledge themselves the willing slaves of that all-powerful monarch, CUSTOM. It is truly a puzzling problem to solve, that whilst we boast of independence in one breath, we freely consent to be slaves in the next, and nev er think of attempting to gain release from our self-imposed thralldom. But such is man! such ! is life! and such the Power of Custom! March 12, 1803. ' UNO. TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION. The semi-annual meeting of the Bedford County Teachers' Association will be held in the CoUrt'llonse in Bedford, ou Friday and Sat urday the 1 Oth and 11th of April, 1803, begin ning nt 1 .V o'clock, A. M., on Friday. The executive committee respectfully submit the following program of exercises. Ledum. Rev. B. 11. Hunt, of Sehellsburg, John B. Fluke, Esq., of Fattonsville. Reports. Geo. Sigafoos. County uniformity of Text Book? Freedom ef Thonght and Opinion. BEDFORD,PA., FRIDAY MORNING, MARCH 27, 1863. .T. U. Satterfiehl. Progress of Common Schools in Bedford County. E. I". Kerr. Oral Instruction and the true use of Text Books. Essayists. Misses M. V. Smith, L. Arnold, A. E. Younkin, M. A. Williams and Mattic Allison. Questions fot Discussion": 1. What arc the prominent causes of Fail ure in Teaching. 2. How can the cordial cooperation of parents he host secured. 3. Can Teaching be reduced to a science. 4. Do the good morals of a community de pend on its intelligence ? •T. GILBERT FISHER, Chairman. "Magnet's" commitment ion is unavoidably crowded out. We will print it next week. FRAUDS UPON THE GOVERNMENT. ASTOUNDING DEVELOPMENTS. The Committee of Congress appointed to in vestigate the matter of the character of trans ports for the Banks Expedition, have brought to light .some astounding abuses and frauds. It appears that on tho 20th of Apri', 1801, Capt. Richard F. latper was appointed Assist ant Agent of the War Department by .1. Ed gar Thompson, President of tho Pennsylvania Railroad Company, its Mr. Thompson himself says in the pretended commission under which he acted, "in accordance with the authority vested in tnc by the Secretary of War." The Comniitteo remark that tlicy "are unable to say. by virtue of what law an 'Assistant Agent of the War Department, was appointed, or how the appointing power came to lie lodged in the hands of tho President of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. This commission was revoked in May, 1801, by J. Edgar Thompson, who informed Captain Loper that he had been notified by the Secreta ry of war (Mr. Cameron) of the appointment of Mr. John Tucker as "United States Transport Agent." Mr. Thompson then wrote a letter to the Secretary of War, stating that Capt. Isiper had been "untiring in his efforts to serve the country." The more heavy operationsjof Capt. Loper began with the appointment of Air. Tuck er as ,'United States Transport Agent," und they have continued without intermission during the whole of Mr. Tucker's two terms of office, first no Agent, and sulwoquently as Assistant Secretary of War. Mr. Tucker employed Capt. Loper to "inspect nnd recommend" all kinds of vessels at Philadelphia, N .York and Annapolis, for various services aud expeditions, anc Capt. Loper proceeded to charge front five eo ten per cent, commission on the gross earnings of the vessels recommended to Mr. Tucker for charter; yet lie assured the Committee that, as he hud money enough for himself and his children, he iv;is "actuated solely by n desire to aid in crush ing this 'ungrateful rebellion.'" Tucker, in his testimony, attributed to him "great purity and patriotism." It appears by this report that oue Amasa Hall, of Baltimore, has enjoyed the monopoly of chartering all the vessels the Government needed at that port, and .Mr. Hall seemed to be fully awaro of the advantages of this monopo ly. No vessels could secure a charter of the Quartermaster unless Dir. Hall offered it. Mr. Ilall acted in the double capacity of broker for the owners of the vessels, und as u sort of a gent of the Government. We have now the three principal characters in tho drama before us—Tucker, Loper and Hall. We uow turn to Capt. Loper's "efforts to servo the country:" Commencing on the 20th of April, 18G3, to act as "Assistant Agent of the War Depart ment," he commenced on the same day to re ceive live per cent, commission oil the earnings of vessels chartered by his agency. The first vessel he took lip was the steamer W. Whildin, April 20th, 1801, owned by Anthony Itcybold, at $175 per day. (Senate, Ex. Doc. 37, page 2, 37th Congress, Second Session.) Mr. Rev hold testifies that the Whiidin remained in the service under the charter to the present time, although her rate of charter was subsequently reduced to S9O per day; the receipts of the steamer Whildin, up fo the time of the delivery of Mr. lieybold's testimony must have been somewhere between $97,050 nnd $ 113,925, on which Capt. Loper's commission were between $1893 and $5470. Mr. Reybold chartered the steamer Express to tho Government, through Capt. Loper, nt $175 per day, the Starnt sllO per day, and the John Tucker at S2OO per day, paying Loper five per cent, on their gross re ceipts. Through the same agency, Mr Reybold chartered the Diamond Slate (375 tons) at S2OO per day, the Swan (350 Ions) at S2OO (>cr day, and the Gen. Burnside (100 tons) at S3OO per day, Capt. Loper himself being part owner of them. Mr. Reybold testifies that his own re eeipts from these charters were about $llOO per day, or at the rate of $401,000 per year. Air. Loper's commission on Air. lieybold's boats could not have been less than $20,000 a year; for all hough he charged no commission on the three boats of which he was part owner, it must be presumed that the amount which he derived from tlicm over awl above a fair mercantile pro fit was nt least equal to five per rent., other wise he would have charged the commission.— If tho Government had bought Air. lieybold's fleet at the outset, instead of employing Cap tain Loper to charter them, it would have saved an immense amount of money. We now notice a few of the transactions of Mr. Hall, in whom the Assistant Secretary of War, Mr. Tucker, "expressed much confidence':" The magnitude of his transactions may be inferred from tho fact that 384 vessels were chartered hy him, 380 of them chartered under direction of Mr. Tucker, upon all of which Mr Hall received, or is fo receive, a com mis- sion not less than- five, per cent, of their gross earnings. In some eases, the Committee say thcy were ten percent. One transaction isgiv, en as characteristic of the business: Captain Rico chartered the Steamer Cecil to the Gov ernment through Hall at $75 per day, although lie bad offered to- Ilall to charter her for SSO per day. Hall inserted in the charter party the sum of SBO, saying to Rice, "you can give me (lie extra sl." Rice refused to countenance this. Hall, .the Committee aay, "either annul led the charter or satisfied Capt. Rice that he had done,so, for the purpose of getting the boat into the bands of sotne one who would pay the usual black mail." The Cmnimttce say steamers which cost $33,- 233 were chartered at $3-17 per day, or at a rate of *515,03 5 per annum, equal to 523.1 per cent., on tho investment. An old iron boat, which had been condemned even for harbor ser vice, wat chartered at SOO per day for the Gov ernment, -though unable to do service enough to pay for the fuel she consumed. One vessel brought a profit of 2220 per cent, to her own er. The barge Delaware, valued at '*>"2.500, whose running expenses were seven dollars per day, w:is chartered by Mr. T'uckcr for the Gov ernment at S7O per day. Ilcr net receipts were at the rate of $22,909 per annum. "Captain Hodges and Mr. Tucker thought she was the cheapest thing they chartered." Ten steamers and two barges were chartered of a Mr. C'o blcns a Prussian. All the vessels bought by Coblcna were under charter to the Government i when purchased, the charter having been gen erally effected by Mr. Hall, and be received live per cent, commission on earnings, and many of them were owned by Hall before passing into Cobleu's possession. Hall swears that he paid Loper thirteen thou sand dollars at one time "for getting business for liiin," Wc have given but n few samples of these a homiaable transactions, but enough to cause a feeling of soilness in the mind of the reader.— The committee say, they "arc overwhelmed with astonishment and sorrow liv the revelations which ban* been made. "If their recommenda tions tire faithfully ourriod out, some degree of justice may yet be awarded to the government and to these parties. WHO ARE THE TRAITORS. The Question of Loyalty Discussed. It is undoubtedly true, that the people of the loyal Stages are divided into at least two polit ical parties. One of throe i composed oftliose who yield an unconditional support to the Fed eral administration!; the other of those who are willing to support the administration only in a faithful exercise of all its legitimate powers It becomes, then, important to decide which of the parties named islhe most truly loyal to the gov ernment ; or rather, (as there can be no degrees of loyally between tlieiu.) which is really loyal and which really disloyal, lt'is quite notorious that the party which insists that the adminis tration should lie given an unqualified and un questioning support—should bo sustained* re gardless of what it may do, right or wrong—assumes to be the only loyal party in the country, and, of course, that all those who will not assent to their loose notions respecting the political duty of the citizen, and the claims of tiie government on his allegiance, are there fore traitors. If the people of this country were living under a despotism there might lie some sort of reason in contending that they owe and should rendeijabsulutc obedience to their sov reign: Hut they live under a republican govern ment, of limited and defined powers and juris diction.—They, moreover, are its creators, and it is their creature. Their obedience to it is commensurate with the powers and jurisdiction with which they have voluntarily invested it, and beyond it has, and can have, no just claim '■ of authority over them. The sovereignty ot the people is original and plenary—that ot the gov ernment they have instituted for their welfare —both State and National —is derivative and partial. The people, therefore, owe the gov ernments of the States and ol the Nation only so inuch submission and fealty as is correspon dent with that measure of their inherent sov ereignty which they have delegated to those gov ! ermncnts. And here we must take a distinc tion between a Constitutional government, and the men who undertake to administer it. A people may IK; entirely loyal to the political sys tem they have created for their government, and yet entirely opposed to the action of those whom they have appointed to enforce that system. The agents employed to execute certain powers, un der oath, may violate them. The trust is there by broken. Hut because tlio.se who gave the powers and reposed the trust, complain of the faithlessness of their trustees, they surely do not, therefore,oppose the trust,or tliu thing en trusted, nor can they be fairly accused for any such felly.—llonec a people who censure their political rulers lor grossly exceeding their del egated powers, arc surely not guiiiy of in fidelity to the government, which is a very different thing from the administration. Let us go a step further in this argument.— If censure of those who abuse a political trust, by exceeding or perverting it is not a crime, but a dul)', what should be thought of those who aid and abet such usurpation ? Who, pray, arc disloyal to the government They who re sist encroach meat on the Constitution, or they who countenance and encourage encroachment, 1 Are they disloyal who hold the private citizen and the public officer to the laws of the Slate ; or they who by agreeing to support tlio latter in treating the laws with contempt, virtually incite both the people and their servants to disregard and overthrow the laws! It seems to us that while the party which insists only on a faithful adherence of the people and their ser vants to the laws is really loyal, those who would support an administration in violating i the laws, arc but aiders and abettors of treason .We never . apposed that tie day would ever WHOM: number, 04S come, under this government, when a political party would lie denounced a.s seditious and trea sonable, for simply insisting that the clioson ex ecutors of tlie laws shall be faithful to them, and that another party, which more tlum ap proves of the grossest invasions of the Consti tution by the Executive, • would have the su preme impudence to set itself up sis the exclu sive embodiment of patriotism and loyalty. Surely the peolile of America never can be per suaded that the way to preserve their liberties, is to give thctn up-—that the best and safest mode of securing a government of law, is to suffer tyrants to destroy it on the plea of "ne cessity.'* "Junius-" said to the people of.-Eng land : "Both liberty ami property arc precarious, unless the possessors have sense ami spirit e nougli to defend them. Let me exhort and con jure you never to sutler the least invasion ol your Constitution to pass by, without n deter mined, persevering resistance. One precedent, creates another. They soon accumulate and constitute law. What yesterday was fact, to day is doctrine. Examples are supposed to jus tify the most dangerous measures. / J• assur ed t'uit the laws,- which •protect us in our ciril right! grow nut of' the Constitution and thoj must /nil or flour,..h with it * * * The power of King, Lords and Commons,-is not an arbi trary powt-r: thmj art the trustees, tint the turners of the estate. Thej'ce-simpfe is in us: tliey can not alienate, they cannot waste. \\ ben we say that the legislature is sopreme, we mean, thai it is the highest power known to the Constitu tion ; that is the highest in comparison with the other subordinate powers established In/ the lairs. In tliis sense, the word supreme is relative, not absolute. The power of the legislature is limi ted. not only by- the general rules of natural justice, and the welfare of the community, nut by tiio 'forms and principles of our particular Constitution. If this doctrine be not true, we must admit, that Kin<*. Lords and Commons have r.o ruin to direct their resolutions, but merely their own will and pleasure; they -might unite the legislative and executive powers in the same hands, and dissolve the Constitution by an act of l'nrlimcrit." . * V • .. Tbc dearest interests of this country arc its laws and its Constitution. Against every attack upon these, there will I hope, be always found amongst us t\\c firmest spirit of resistance superior to the united efforts of faction and ambition ; for ambition, though it aloes not always take the lead of faction, will be sure in tliu end, to take the most fatal advantage of it and draw it to lift OWn" purpose*. Jtot I trust our iky of trial is yet a fur otl; and there is a fund of good sense m this country/ which cannot long be deceiv ed by the arts cither of (also reasoning or false patriotism." The above language of an intelligent and free-spirited Englishman, addressed to his fellow countrymen, at a time when their Constitution al liberties were lieing endangered by a most corrupt Ministry and Ministerial party, is so applicable to the portentous state of affairs now existing in this country, that we deem it wise to quote it for the instruction and admonition of our people. The pith ot it all is that under a constitutional go- eminent, loynhty consists alone in adherence to the laws, and that the safety ot' puhli liberty depends on the rigor with which those who govern are held to the laws whom tiny represent.- I'htladcljihia Mer cury. THE JOHN BROWN RAID Ati Important Disclosure. Air. SrstxF.it was re-elected to the United States Senate the other day by the Legislature of Massachusetts. Mr. SWAN, a member of the Senate of tlmt Suite, although a republi can, would not, it seems, vote for Air. Sr.u- Nicit, and gave the following reasons for so refu sing: '•I cpme now. Air. President, to what U known in history as the John Hrown raid. This expedition was planned and fitted out 111 Boston, and its expenses defrayed by subscription. The day lie started for Harper's Ferry on his deed of murder, lie dined in room No. 4, Parker House, in company with some of the. most ardent and zealous supporters of Mr. Sumner, and for this reason I allude to it. The Republican par ty now disown tliu act; they called him a mo nomaniac—an insane man! but when tliu tele graphic wires, with lightning speed brought the news of liis death to New England, so depraved at that time was the public* sentiment here, that the village church bolls tolled out his funeral knell, and the ministers of Cod, with a few honorable exceptions, prayed in their pulpits that the departed spirit of the "patriot saint" might rest in peace. This act, Air. President, was the death-blow to the peace of the Union. Without it, Virginia would not have seceded— and (lod grant that we may yet recover front it. I know the names of the persons who were en gaged in this transaction, and shall leave a re cord of them for hiwtorv. "Another deed of murder, Air. President, and I will not detain you longer. When Anthony Burns, the fugitive slave, was confined in the Court House in this city, a meeting was held at Faneuil Hall to consider the subject. Theodore. Parker and the Reverend Thomas W. Higgin son were there. Air. Parker, in concluding an eloquent speech, alluded to the fact that a slave was confined in the Court House, and exclaim ed in substance, "Why stand we here idle? To the rescue!" A rush was immediately made for the Court House, and at the door stood a poor laboring man, a Mr. Batchelder, a night watch. His wife and two children were prob ably sleeping at home, possibly dreaming of him as ho watt toiling for their daily bread. The crowd demanded admittance, he refused, and was immediately ASSASSIN ATKU rro.s Tin: SCOT. Who killed him the world never know. These uicn, Air Pre. i drill, wrrc the confidential friends lluUs orßlofrttsiiig. On# tVqilar*, ttnec i.tjilol Icsf. .fl 23 One Iwjfitrre, i-arti ail<ti(lonal imefthin tef# ' than three monltii. •*-. 2tl 3 MONTHS. 6 MONTHS. 1 TtAR One square • $3 00 $4 00 $0 00, Two squares ....... 400 500 900 Three'squares . 8 =oo' '7 00 12 00 J Column . 600 900 13 00 J Column 800 12 00 20 9 0 \ Column ....... 12 00 18 00 30 Oil One Column ...... 18 00 .30 00 * *6 00 Administrators' and Executors' notires $2.30, Au ditors' notires $1.30. if nnder 10 lines. $2.00 if more t ban a square sod less thnh 20 Vines. Kstrsys. $ 1.23, if but ene brad is . ad-vertised, 23 cents for every additional head. The space occupied by ten lines of this sue of type counts one square, AH fractions of a square under five lines will be measured as a half square x and all over five lines as a lull square. AH leg#! advertisements will be charged to the periOn hand in? them in. ' VOL. G. NO 34 and sripporters of Mr. SCMVER. and for fliisrea son I have alluded to the mil joet. I vote tip gainst him." THE PRESENTMENT of the Illinois Legislature against Abra ham Lincoln. Whereas, Abraham Lincoln, at the com mencement ot' this present unhappy war, declared in every official paper that came ftotn his hand*, ihrit the solo object of the prosecution of the war, was, and should bit, tor the restoration of the Union and the law's as our fathers made them ; And, ]Vherefis By his subsequent acts lie had proved (o every unbiased mind, that such now is not the intention in the further pros ecution of the war, and that lie has wilful ly deceived the soldiers, by inducing them to t.iho up arms (as they supposed) ir. - honorable and just cause, which. L? h <s turned into a dishonorable and w i crusade against the establish' • . > States: He, lias declared mc . .. / loyaj Btate in the Uni He lias, without a 1 ight# imprisoned our citizens ir ...-.the .n.e * geons, an I refused them : V •ight--* ! y Irial: He has sanctioned the fak. /'of the 1> of the'innocent, jteaceablc and rc *- izens of these Btate i, to atone for the e J of others: lift has, by his proclamation ot' .January lst, ISS3, disregarded the reserved rights ot' tin* States, and attempted by that proc lamation to equalize the white and the black races; to excite servile insurrection in thy Soul hem States, thereby involving the in nocent with the guilty, without reterence to age or sex: He has persisted in listening to and car rying out the counsels ot' men, whose a vowed doctrines are inimical to free govern ment : He has divided a State wiihout the con sent of her Legislature: He has degraded the Union army by re ceiving negroes into the service of the Uni ted States: He has forced negroes upon us against our often expressed wishes, and the Qou sfitTftfrin 'iffin laws of' otTr Stale He has squandered the nation's wealth, and made us a bankrupt people": He has suppressed the liberty of the press, nud free speech—a iiljertv ieured on ly by tyrants: lie has closed the doors of churches and deprived citizens of these States of the light to serve Clod according to the dictates of their own conscience: He proposes to involve us in a system of ruinous taxation for the purpose of purcha sing negroes against our will and the inter ests of our people: Ile has pandered to New England capi talists in not using the means at his dispo sal for opening the Mississippi river: lie has given sanction to aniens tire known as the Morrill Tariff, under which the East is rapidly enriching itself at the expense of the West: Against all of which we do enter our sol emn protest; ami declare it to be our lihn and fixed intention to submit to these wrongs no longer. "Copperheads" vs. Republicans. Till-. MvllOCliATle 110CTRIXK. I inn forgetting l.ack lite .Southern States by fair and honorable moans, it such a thing Ihi possible; and I will hope for the best. The Union I desiro is a union of hearts and of hands, such as our fathers gave us. Nothing less will satisfy inu than the whole Southern States. Tnoa. If SI.VMOVK Tin: in-'.i'CBUCAN noorßiNc. I will not stultify myself by supposing that we have any warrant in the Constitutionior this proceeding. Tins talk of restoring the Union as it. was, under the Constitution as is, is one of tl.o ab surdities wliieh I have repeated until I have In come about sick of it. The Union can never he restored as it was. There are many things which render such an event impossible. This Union never shall, with my consent, be restored under the Constitution as it is, with slavery to bo protected by it. IION. Tu.umF.rs STKVENS, The Administration leader in Congress, Paper made from the swamp (lag, called "eat tails," is now manufactured upon -. what extensive scale at New York, and 'he demand for it is greater than ran ho supplied. It ap peals to !>e well adapted for curd-board and pa per-hanging.-, for which purpose? it , \ now used TAXINO THF DEAD!—In Boston, the Citv Clerk has to give a permit before i body r.;n be buried, and Commissioner Uontwciri! ban do rided that thik permit must bear a ten cent stamp Isn't this •'running the thing into the ground ?"• A gentleman residing n sir Syracuse, New York, has a family of one daughter and four sons. The aggregate weight of the sons weight, hundred and eighty eight pounds! The, "girl" weighs over tlm>e hundred, and the father about two hundred and sixty. In ]•'' ranee there are now 7,000 oonviets un der sentenco at hard labor, nml of thorn nra sentenced lor life. Threc-fil'l lis of the whole number are native ITonchmen.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers