VOLUME .16. NEW SERIES. THE BEDFORD GAZETTE IS rURLISHEn EVERY TRIDAV MORNING, BY B. I MEYERS, At The following terms, to wit: $1.50 per annum, CASH, in advance. s2.t)o " " if paid within the ypar. >2 50 " " if n °f P R i'i within the year. subscription taken lor less than six months. 2~?"NO paper discontinued until all arrearages are pa.d, unless at the option of the publishers It has been deeded by the United States Courts, that the stoppage of a newspaper without the payment ol ar rearages, is prima /.> evidence ol fraud and is a criminal otience. rrT'The courts have decided that persons are ac countable for the subscription price of newspapers, it they take them from the post othce, whether they subscribe for them, or not. oc 11 r. HONOR TO WHOM HONOR IS DUE. BY ALICE CART. Honor hint whose hands are sowing Seeds for harvest in their time— Keverence those whose thoughts are growing l : p to tie ultimate sublime. All the progress of the ages May be traced back to their hands- All the illuminated pages j Of the books, into their plans. F.very worm beside you creeping. Every insect Hying well, (•".very pebblfe ill earth's keeping. Has a history to tell. The small, homely flower that's lying In your pathway, may contain Some elixir, which the dying Generations sought in vain. In the stone that waits the turning Of some curious hand, Irom sight. Fiery atoms may be burning, That would fill the world with light. I.et us then, in reverence bowing, • Honor most of all mankind, Such as keep their great thoughts plowing Deepest in the field of mind. NOBODY' 3 OOHO. [Swift never wrote anything better in verse than thejfollowing lines Irom an unknown cor- • respondent.} Fm thinking just now of XoboJv, And all that Nobody's done. For I've a passion for Nobody, I'tiat Nobody else would own ; 1 bear the name of Nobody, For from Nobody 1 sprung ; And 1 sing the praise of Nobody. As Nobody, mine has sung. IT. In Lie's young morning Nobody To rne was tenuer and dear ; And my cradle was rocked by Nobody. And Nobody was ever near ; 1 was petted and praised by Nobody, And Nobody brought me up, And when 1 was hungry, Nobody Gave me to dine or to sup. 111. 1 went to school to Nobody And Nobody taught me to read ; I pla;ed in the street with Nobody, And to Nobody ever gave heed; 1 recounted my tale to Nobody, Nobody was willing to hear : | And my hpart it clung to Nobody, And Nobody sbed a tear. IV. Ar.J when 1 grew older, Nobody, Gave me a helping turn ; And by the good aid of Nobody 1 began my living to earn ; And hence 1 courted Nobody, And said Nobody's I'd be, And asked to marry Nobody, And Nobody married me. V. Thus 1 trudge along with Nobody, And Nobody cheers my life, And I have a love for Nobody Which Nobody has for a wife ; So here's a health to Nobody, For Nobody's now "in town," A ad I've a passion for Nobody. I hat Nobody else would own. rjfTbe phrase "down in the mouth," is said to have been originated by Jonah aboat Ihe time the whale swallowed him. QV*A German writer observes that in the United States there is such a scarcity of thieves they are obliged to offer a reward for iher discovery. your words," said a man to a fellow who was blustering away in a towering passion at another : "They won't weigh much it he did," said the antagonist, coolly. Tr*'Oo von know wno bnilt this bridge'' id a person to Hook. 'No,' replied the wit, "but it you go over you'll be tolled." AFOLOCY FOR A HOLIDAY.—A recent'trav eler, who made the tour ot the United Slates, fM-ntions a very singular custom, which, he 3vt, prevails in Philadelphia. We give his own words: " Every time an engine in Philadelphia gets a new hub or a fresh coat ot paint, five hundred men f-el it incumbent on them to lose a day's work and get up a parade!" EVERETT UN TILE UNION. AN ORATION DELIVERED AT BOSTON, JULY 5 th, ISSS. H'e give place, at the present time, to this ; masterpiece ol eloquence, not only because of itsoratorial merit, but because of its pure and ' Union loving sentiments and especially because of its glorious tribute to the lamented Choate, the great master ot American oratory. Read i it, ever y sine.— Ed. As Mr E verett rose he was greeted with tre mendous cheering, long continued, when he proceeded to speak as follows : SIR—I am greatly indebted to vou and the company for this most Mattering reception.— My attendance of late has seldom been given on occasions ol this kind, and could not with consistency have been given at this banquet, had not vo ir obliging invitation contained the assurance (hat you proposed to ceiebrale the Fourth ol July '-in a national spirit, excluding everything of a political or partisan charater." As long as [ was in public lite I was a member, ! as you know, Sir, ol thai old Whig party to which you have referred—the national Whig party :ja political association, Sir, I am sure you will grant, of which no one need be a shamed. The prostration of my health com- i pelled me, four years ago, to resign the honorable post which 1 then filled in the pub lic service. Since that period new parlies have been organized : the old have either retired for a while, at least, from the field, or have been forced in some degree on new issues : and if I felt the slightest inclination (which I do not), 1 with the partial restoration ot my health, to return to public life, 1 should be deterred from it by the tact, that between the extremes of opinion which distract and threaten to con- ; vulse the country, 1 find no middle path of practical usefulness which a frienu of moderate j counsels is permitted to pursue. Statesmanship, as it was understood in my younger days—that is, the study of the foreign relations of the country, its defences, naval and military, its tut irucj ariu lfuautr t ha iutr uai u# • * ments, its great industrial interests, and the re- ] lations of the Government to the Jndian tribes, has almost become an obsolete idea, and our political life has assumed almost exclusively j the form of sectional agitation. Into that dreary and profitless agitation I have no heart to enter. Justified by the character of your ceiebra- | lion, I have yielded without scruple to the wish rather 1 have found myself as little able as desirous to resist the all-powerful temptation of listening to the great living master of American oratory, (I 3m glad on ooe account that he has retired troin the table, as I tan speak with greater Ireedom what 1 think and feel,) on an occasion and ujion a theme not unworthy the energies of his intellect nor below the flight of his eloquence. And. Sir, I will say, il the pure and exalted principles of nationality which he has this day unfolded and ! illustrated, under your auspices, are a faithful exposition of democratic doctrine, then I must • be permitted to share the satisfaction of the ! worthy gentlemen in Mohere's piav, at finding j greatly to his astonishment and delight, that he ' had been speaking prose all his life. The j great founder of the Democratic partv, Mr. Jefferson, in his inaugural address on the Ath ; ot March, 1801, said "we have called by different pames brethren of one principle ; we are all federalists, we are all republicans."— If the orator ol the G3y to whom we have all listened with such admiration, has truly ex pounded the principles of your Association and your party, I think we must say with stilt < stronger emphasis, "We have c ailed bv difler ent names brethren of the same principle : we are all Democrats." For myself, sir, standing aloof from public life ami from all the existing party organiza- ! tions, 1 *an truly say, that I have never listened to an exposition of political principle with higher satisfaction. I heard the late Mr. Samuel Rogers, the venerable banker poet of London, more than once relate that he was present on the 10th ot December, 1790, when Sir Joshua Reynolds delivered the last of his discourses before the Royal Academy of Art.; Edmund Burke was also one of the audience ; | and at the close of the lecture, Mr. Rogers saw j him go up to Sir Joshua, and beard him sav, in the fullness of his delight, in the words of Milton, 'l'ne angel ended, and in Adam's ear So charming left hi voice, that he awhile Thought him stit! speakiug, still stood fixed to hear. When our friend concluded his superb ora tion this morning, I was ready, like .Mr. Cru ger, ofj New York, (who stood with Burke for the representation of Bristol) "to say ditto to 1 Mr. Burke." I wis unwilling to believe that the noble strain, by turns persuasive, melting and sublime, bail ended. The music of the words still dwelt upon my ears ; the lofty train of thought elevated and braced my understanding > BEDFORD, PA. FRIDAY MORNING', AUGUST 12,- 1859. I the generous sentiments thrilled my bosom | with delight, as the peal of a magnificent organ, i touched by the master's hand, thrills the nerves with rapture and causes even the vaulted roof , to vibrate in unison. The charmed silence ■ seemed for a while to prolong the charming I strain ; and it was some rfiomenls before I was ,t willing to admit that the stops were closed and the keys hushed. You have done, sir, a real service to the com munity—to the whole country—in this day's work, in the measures taken by vou to cele brate the day "in a national spirit, excluding everything of a political or partisan tendency." Would to heaven that we could all carry this ; spirit, not merely to the patriotic celebration ol this day, but to the discharge of all our civil and public duties, and especial I v of the duties which pertain to the organization of the govern i ment, and the political fife and action of the j State. Would that the spirit of a pure i nationality, such as has this day been described to us, embracing th? whole country in the arms of a living and loving patriotism, might take the place of the intense local feelings which so extensively prevail and lead the citizens of the different sections of the country jto regard each other Avith distrust, jealousy and hatred ! These are the feelings against which we are ! . ° so emphatically warned in the farewell dress ot Washingtou. .No topic is more warmly pressed in that immortal slate paper. Its author, reluctantly admitting that parties may form a useful ofiicc at least under monarchical govern ments, as checks upon the administration, and in keeping up the spirit of liberty, yet declares that, under elective and representative govern ments, this spirit is not to be encouraged.— "From the natural tendency of such govern ments, there will always be enough of that spirit i for every salutary purpose. And there being constant danger of excess, the effect ought to be, by force of public opinion, to mitigate and assuage it. A fire net to be quenched, it de mands a uniform vigilance to prevent its burs- J ting out into a (lame, Jest instead of warning j " cn.e' > , „ With this opinion of paity spirit in general, i ofall the forms which it can assume, ot all the directions which it can take, that against which Washington most especially warns us is the sectional. "In contemplating the causes which may distnrb our Union," says he, "it occurs as matter of serious concern that anv ground shooid have been furnished for characterizing by geographical discriminations—Northern and Southern, Atlantic and Western—whence designing men may endeavor to excite a be lief that (here is a real difference of local inter ests and views. One of the expedients ot party to acquire influence within particular district-, • is to misrepresent the opinions and aims of. other districts. You cannot shield yourselves too much against the jealousies and heart bur ning-which spring from these misrepiesenta tions . they tend to render alien to each other those who ought lu be bound together by fratei ual affection." " The .\'orl/t in an unrestrained intercourse j with the South, protected by the equal laws jof a common government, finds in the produc ' tions of tne latter great additional resources of j maritime and commercial enterprise and materi als of manufacturing industry. The South in the same intercourse, benefiting by the agency of the North, sees its agriculture grow and its commerce expand. Turning partly into its own channels, the seamen ot the North, it finds j its particular navigation invigorated, and while j it contributes in dfferent ways to nourish and [ increase the general mass of the national i navigation, it looks forward to the protection ot a inaratime strength to which itself is unequally adapted." For these and ether considerations, urged with a warmth and energy proportioned to his l deep conviction of their importance, the Father of his Country says to his fellow-citi zens. that "it rs of infinite moment that vou should properly estimate the immense value of our National Union to your collective and individual happiness ; that you should cherish a cordial, habitual, immovable attachment to it ; ; accustoming y^rselves to think and to sj>eak ; of it as the palladium of political safety and j prosperity ; watching for its preservation with j jealous anxiety ; discountenancing whatever j may suggest even a suspicion that it can IQ any event be abandoned ; and indignantly frowning upon the first dawning of every attempt to alienate any portion of our country from the rest, or to enfeeble the sacred ties , which now link together the various parts." Sir, I linger, but you I am sure will not , think too long, on the solemn and affectionate appeals, which seem after a lapse of two | generations, to come sounding to o- like an ? oracle ot wi*jo(n and love from the .acred i shades of Alount Vernon. It has ceased to be a popular strain : bot I willingly accept Hie J unpolafitv. f know that "Union-saving," as if is derisively called, is treated in some quarters with i teal or affected contempt. lam content to share Freedom of Thought and Opinion. i in the ridicule which attaches to an anxiety for , the preservation of the Union, which prompted s one-sixth'part of Washington's Farewell Ad- I dress. Would to Heaven that his sadly earnest ■ counsels on this subject might spread peace * ; and brotherly love throughout the land, as if i the sainted hero himself could burst his cere ments, and proclaim thpm in visible presence before his fellow citizens. The)' would be • worth to us, merely in reference to national ; strength, more than armies or navies, or "walls ■ along the steep." I speak literally, Sir, it were better lor the safely of the country against a foreign foe that the union of the r Mates should be jireserved, than that we should wield th army of Napoleon and the navy of England, while hovering on the verge ol separation. It would be less dangerous that the combined fleets of Europe should thunder m our seaports, than that one-half of the coun try should be arrayed against the other. Sir, about fifteen minutes before I left my door to go to the Tremont Temple, I received from a friend in Virginia an extract from the public records of that State, which, if I mistake i not, you will deem well worthy of your notice. j It is m the following terms : At a treaty held at Lancaster, Pa., July, 1774-, between the Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania, the Commissioners of Virginia and Maryland, on the one part, and the Indians of the Six Nations on the other, the head Chief, spoke as follows to the colonial rep resentatives : "We have one thing further to say, and that is, we heartily recommend union and a good agreement between you and your brethren.— Never disagree, but preserve strict friendship for one another, and thereby both you as well as we will become the stronger. "Our wise forefathers established union and amity between the five nations. This has made us formidable ; this has given us great weight s and authority with our neighboring nations.— We area powerful confederacy, and by your observing the same methods as our wise forefath- i ers have taken, you will acquire great strength never" fall" witf^ne A^T^F. 1 from Record of Indian Treaties, in the Virginia State Library.) My friend adds : —"What makes this wise! and excellent admonition more impressive is the fact that it was given on the Fourth ol Ju ly !" As I showed this paper a few moments ago to vour President and the orator of the day (who has- just left the table) Mr. Clioate remar ked, "and the moral of that piece of advice, the circumstances which have caused the annihila tion of the Six Nations within 84 years, are if possible, more significant than the counsel itself." Mr Choale had not time to unfold the significance of this remark, but I think I understand it. The Six Nations were indeed a powerful cenhtderacy. They occupi ed th" central portion of the North American continent, on this side of the Ohio and the M is sissippi. Their influence extended from Lake Ontario to the Chesapeake Bay, from the Mo hawk to the James River, pprhaps farther. At one time they transacted business with the colo nial government at Albany ; another at Lancas ter at another at Williamsbctg or Annapolis ; and at another at the confluence of the Alle gheny and the Monongahela. But their con federacy never extended beyond the Six Na tions : thev were successively at war with the Algooquins of the North and Last ; the Chero kees and Creeks of the South and West ; and the powerful tribes of various names beyond the Ohio. The red man has ever been the red man's deadliest foe. Had all the native tribes of of the North American continent been bound together in a grand confederacy, such as was projected by Pontine in the last century, and bv Tecuinseh in our day, 1 no not say that they would have eventually stood ftheir ground a gainst the swelling numbers of the white race crowding upon them with the arts and weapons of civilization, but most assuredly they would have long wielded a power emioently formida ble to the rising States, and would have greatly postponed their own disappearance from the face of the earth. What the United Stales would be, if, instead of this Imperial Union, which concentrates into one irresistible power the re sources of thirtv-two States, and covers with its mgis the vast territory which extends from Texas to Maine and irora the Atlantic to the Pacific, they were broken up into as many mi nor confederacies and separate independent tribes as our red brethern, let the disappearance not merely of the Five Nations, but of so many other warlike confederacies and tribe;, partly | teach us. I must not, however, forget, sir, that you bid roe speak of 'the day we celebrate; but how can I do so in worthy terms, unless indeed I could borrow the breathing thoughts, the burning words to which we havp already listened with delight. Surely a day without a parallel in the history of nations—lor where in the annals of i v mankind, in ancient ir modern times, can we find a day like that, in which, after centuries o; conscious and uncorf-cious preparation upon the illustrious theatre of a vast continent, hid deh for.-.thousands of years from the rest of man. group of feeble colonial dependencies authentic, and solemn act, proclaimed emelves to the world an independent con federacy of sovereign States 1 I repeat, sir, that on the Fourth of July, eigtyy-iwo years ago, a deed, which not France nor England, nor Rome nor Greece, can match in all their annals, was done at Philadelphia, in Independence Hall. Let Philadelphia guard ilia" Hall as flic apple oilier eye. Let time respect and violence spare it. Let every stone and every brick and every plank and every bolt, from the foundation to the pinnacle, be sacred Let the rains of heaven fall gently on the roof and the winds of winter beat'gentiy at the door. Let it stand to the end of ffme, second only to Alount Vernon, as the sanctuary of American patriotism. Let generation on generation of those who taste the blessing o' the great decla ration pay their homage at t.,e shrine, and deem it no irreverence, as they kneel in grafitude to ihe Providence which guided and inspired the men who assembled therein, to call its walls sal vation and its gate s praise ! Yes, sir, the men by whom the deed was performed, and to go no furtherThau the Com mittee who drafted '.he Declaration, (lor time would fail me to run down the long and honor ed roll of the entire body 5 ) what names, what memories! Thomas Jefferson, John Auams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, Robert R. Livingston : Virginia, Massachusetts, Connecti cut, New York, Pennsylvania. Three of them natives of Massachusetts, two of them Presi dents of the United States. Franklin, the most illustrious philosopher aDd skillful negotiator of the last century ; Sherman, who raised him self from the humblest walks of manual labor to be the guide of Senates : Livingston) the head of the tribunals of his great State—joint negotia tor of the treaty which added half the Norih American Continent, under the name of Louisi ana, to the Union : the confidential friend and partner ot Fulton in the creation of steam navigation.,. 0 f t j, e e the stupendous magnitude ofthe .A'SfJEi then inaugurated. Oh, that "with a compre hensive grasp ofthe impending future, we could reverently ascend the Alount of Vision, and up hold in the kindling promise ot the dawn, the brightness of tfie coming glories. The meridi an splendors of that coming day I attempt not to sketch ; but let us endeavor at least to form some conception of the country, to which this morning's sun proclaimed a patriotic holiday : so vast, so widely, though so recently settled East, West, North and South—the differences of local position—maritime and inland, alluvia! plains, hills propped with eternal buttresses of iron and granite, central piarie with its inex- haustible depths of vegetable mould, lakes that rival oceans, rivers that stretch from the polar circle to the tropics, every growth that clothe? the soil, every metal concealed in its bosom— the endless variety of occupation and pursuit clustering round so many centres of local power retogniied and organized by the curious adjust ments ofour political system—but throughout this vast extent and above the attractions and repulsions, the athnities and antagonism? of the land, this morning's sun proclaimed a holiday of peace and love. And at I fie focal memories of this day revive throughout the Union, let the all-absorbing interest of the great Declaration mould them into patriotic unity . so that all cherished traditions of every part of the coun try may be woven and twisted into a bright cord of mutual good will, to svhich every hon ored name, and every sacred spot, and every memorable deed shall add its golden and silver thread . and Jamestown, and Plymouth, and Bunker Hill,and King's Mountain, and Warren and Washington, with all the other precious memories of ancient and modern times, and ail of either sex who have meekly suffered or : bravely dared, in whatever part of our Com mon Country, shall this day be gratelullv en shrined in the American heart of hearts. Sir, I have lately seen much of this noble country, and 1 have learned, as I have seen it more, to love it better; the enterprising, inge- ! nious and indomitable North : the substantial and magnificent Central States, the great bai-, ance-wheel of the system . the youthful, rap idljr expanding and almost boundless West . the ardent, genial and hospitable South—l have traversed them all. I leave to others, at home or abroad, to vilify them in whole or in part. ; I shall not follow the example. They have ail their faults, for they are inhabited not by angels but by human btings ; but it would be well, in the language ol President Kirkland, for those "who rebuke their brethren for the faults of men, not to display, themselves, the passions of demons." For myself, I have found .in every part of the country generous traits ol character, vast and well understood capacities of progress, and hopeful auguries of good ; and, j taken in the aggregate, they are the abode of a j population as intelligent, a prosperous, as moral and a* religious as any to be found on the globe. There is one little corner ot each I should like to annihilate: if I could wreid a magician's wand, I would sink it to the centre. ! Its name is Buncombe: not the respectable county of that name in North Carolina, I against which 1 have nothing to sav, but aj pestilent, little, political election* ering Bun combe in evei y State and every district, which is the prolific source of most of our troubles. It we could get rid, sir, of Buncombe, and d we could bring hack the harmony which reign ed on the day which v.e celebrate and the WHOM: \TUBER * VOL. 3, m 1. f | flays which preceded and followed it—when Massachusetts summon-d Washington to lead j the armies ol New England ; when Virginia | and Carolina sent their supplies of cotn aod of : rice to leef their famished brethren in Boston ; when Jefferson and Adams joined hands to draft the great Declaiation—if I could live to see hat happy day, f would upon my hooor, sir, go to my grave as cheerfully as the fired and contented laborer goes to bis nightly rest. I shall, in the course of nature, go to it betore long, *t any rate, ant) 1 wish no other epitaph to be placed opon it than this: "Through evil report and through good report, be loved his whole country." THE STOLEJV SECRET. I he mam distinction between iron and steel is thai one holds carbon, or the matter of char coal, whereas the other does not. The araoont of carbon is trivial, ana is imparted by beating bars for a long period together, surrounded by powdered broken charcoal in a bo*. Hating • regard then, to this operation, it seems natural | enough that the outer portion of each bar should become more completely "steelified" (if I may i be allowed to coin an expressive word,) than the internal portions. Now steel of this sort, though perfectly good for many purposes, is ob jectionable for others. To give an example :it is by no means good for the manufacturer of watch springs ; nevertheless before the inven tion of cast steel to which the readers attention is to be directed, watch springs had to oe made of it. Ttrere lived at Atlercliffe, near Sheffield, about the Huntsman. He was very much dissatisfied with the quality of steel of which watch springs were made in his day, and he set himself the task of i thinking out the cause of inferiority. Mr. Huntsman correctly ieferred that the imper fection of such watch springs as came in his way, was refeiable to the fact of the irregular j "steelification" of the metal of their manufac | ture. I, thought he. 'I can melt a piece of 1 steel and cast it into ingots, the composition ol the latter should be regular and homogeneous.' succeeded. The fame of Hunts- fv. . (fee name of cast steel, under is familiarly known. That was his secret. About the year 1770, a large manufactory of this peculiar steel was established at Attercliffe. The process was wrapt in secrecy by every ments which the inventor could command.— | None but workmen of credit and charnct er were i engaged, and they were forbidden to disclose the secrets of the manufactory by a stringent ! formal cath. At last Huntsman's secret was ! stolen in the following manner : One night in midwinter, as the tali chimney of Atter cliffe steel works belched forth its smoke, giving promise of a roaring fire, which might indicate good lodging ; a man knocked at the door of Mr. Huntsman's factory. It was a bitter night ; the snow Tell fast, the wind i howled across the moor ; nothing then could have been more natural than the tired wayfayer should seek a warm corner where he might lay his head. He knocked, and the door was j opened. A workman presented himsplf, whom ' the wayfarer addressing, humbly begged ' admission. "No admission here, except on business." The reader may well fancy how this iotima i tion fell upon the traveler's ear on such an in i clement night. But the workman, scanning the traveler over, and discovering nothing suspicious about hiru, granted the request and let him in. Feigning to be completely worn out with cold and fatigue, the wayfarer sank upon the floor of the comfortable factory, and soon ap peared to have gone to sleep. To go to sleep however, was far from the intention ; the trav eler cbspd bis eyes ail but two little chinks. Through these two little chinks he saw all that he cated to see. He saw workmen cut bars of steel into lit'.le bits, then place into crucibles, and pnormous tongs pour their liquid contents into a mould. Mr. Huntsman's factory bad nothing more to dicio*e. Thus was the secret of cast steel.— Lor.thn Leisure Hours. A rr.an in Philadelphia, the other morning, found a lively little eel in fm milk pitcher. The milkman had not strained his water. A man came into a printing office to borrow a newspaper: "Eecause," said he, "we like to read newspapers very much, but our neighbors are all too stingy to take one." ACTING ON TUT: DFFINCIVE—"Be jabers," says Pat, "the devil a show has a man woo wait" tilt he ts kilt before he acts- on the de fiocive." When Charles V. read upon the tomb of % Spanish nobleman. "Here lies one who never knew tear," he wittily replied, "Then he never snuffed a candle with his fingers." An editor says ihai when he was in prison for . j libelling a justice ol the peace, he was reqoet* i ted by the jailor to "give the prison a puff."
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers