Page 16—Foraging Around, Lancaster Farming, Saturday, April 22, 2000 Starter Phosphorus And Potassium For Cold Soils NORCROSS, Ga - Early spring seeding of cereal, oilseed, and pulse crops is critical to optimizing grain yields. Along with shallow place ment of high quality seed, seed zone fertility for immobile nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium is important to giving the young seedling a good start. Phosphorus and potassium are transported to roots largely by diffu sion, the movement of nutrients to the plant root down a concentration gradient. As the phosphorus and potassium concentrations around roots are depleted by plant uptake, the solid phase components of soil replenish the soil solution. Diffusion is a short-range process, dependent on soil moisture and temperature conditions. The colder the soil, the slower phosphorus and potassium will diffuse, the slower that plant roots grow, and the slower phospho rus and potassium will be taken up by the crop. No-till production sys tems increase the amount of water stored at the surface of most soils by maintaining surface residue cover. While improved soil water leads to increased yield potential, it slows the warming of the soil in the early spring. Early season phosphorus and potassium deficiencies affect seed ling development. A poorly devel- Install The Gates & Fencing That Are Manufactured To Last! Finished with Top Grade TGIC Polyester Coating TGIC Powder Coating Finish • Is superior to epoxy • Resists acid, chemicals • Protects against rust, corrosion • Resists chipping • Stays cleaner All Gates & Fencing manufac tured of 1.9” outside diameter high yield steel tubing with 13 gauge wall. 13 gauge steel is 15% heavier than 14 gauge, 45% heavier than 16 gauge & 85% heavier than 18 gauge. Call or write for additional information & the name of your nearest dealer Added Value With Our 2 Coat Process! 1 Five step metal preparation including iron phosphate conversion coating to enhance adhesion & prevent undercoat corrosion 2 Zinc rich epoxy powder undercoat 3 TGIC polyester powder top coat baked at 400° to fuse coats forming a cross link molecular bond aul B. Zimmerman, Inc. 295 Woodcorner Rd. • Lititz, PA 17543 • 717/738-7365 1 mile West of Ephrata oped root system in the absence of adequate available phosphorus and potassium results in slow growth, reduced leaf size and tiller forma tion, reduced grain filling, and ulti mately lower grain yields. Starter fertilizer placed near the seed ensures an abundant supply of phosphorus and potassium for crop uptake early in the growing season. It also is critical to balancing ever increasing nitrogen rates being used by farmers to achieve improved prof itability. Phosphorus is well known for pro motion of early root growth and root system expansion, but potassium may be of even greater importance to root development. Cereal plants have two root systems: the seminal roots that emerge from the germi nating seed and the nodal roots that develop from the crown to support advanced leaf and tiller formation. Surface soil potassium deficiency affects both of these root systems: however, it can have the greatest impact on formation of nodal roots critical to survival of tillers. High spring cereal yields are dependent on the early establishment and sur vival of primary tillers. Root and leaf disease of cereal seedlings can be a further stress on crop establishment with early seed ing dates. Research has shown that Standard Heights • 4 bar: 38” high • 5 bar: 48” high • 6 bar: 54” high Hinge for 3/4"pin <' Round corners for welded to gate | safety & strength Slant Bar Feed Thru Fence Section Custom Built to Any Length Stub welded to gate g for automatic latch Vertical bracing j Hours: Mon.-Fri.: 7-5; Sat.: 7-11 both phosphorus and potassium fer tilization can be effective in reduc ing root diseases of spring wheat and barley. Take-all in wheat was reduced by 50 percent with seed placed phosphorus, while root rot severity in barley was reduced by 10 percent in Saskatchewan research. In Alberta, barley grain yield losses due to root rot were reduced from 40 percent to 30 percent with the addi tion of phosphorus in the seedrow. Should potassium be applied to high potassium soils? We cannot ignore our soil test results. If they indicate high potassium levels, a response to potassium fertilizer addition is unlikely. However, if yields are lower than expected, and crops are seeded into cold soils early in the spring, addition of potassium CLAAS offers all the time- saving economy harvesting machinery any small farmei needs, from high-speed disi mowers for any crop or ter- rain to rotary rakes for unift quick-drying windrows. Rol tedders gently and thorough!' lift crops for uniform spreai reducing crop loss and dry down. Our fixed chamber round baler makes a dense 4' x 4' round bale that hold! its shape and stays weather- tight to resist spoiling. CLAAS’s extensive selection meet your expectations for quality, efficiency and dcpei ability at an affordable prii PENNSYLVANIA: Bedford: Bence's Farm Equipment 116 Willow Brook Lane ... Greencastle: Meyers Implements, Inc. 400 North Antrim Way, RO. Box 97 ..717-597-2176 M.M. Weaver & Sons, Inc 169 North Groffdale Rd Leola New Bethlehem:. Hetricks Farm Supply, Inc Rt. 3, Box 177 Smith's Farm Equipment 30 Acker Road Sandy Lake Newport: Williamsburg: ...Longeneckers, Inc Rd. 2, Box 121 A-1 CLAAS® has big answers for the small farmer's harvesting needs Meeting all your harvesting needs! cffms Country Contact your local CLAAS dealer today for the harvesting machinery you need now. Visit our internet site at www.claasofamerica.com or e-mail us at claas@claasofamerica.com Sandy Lake Implement Co., Inc, Rt. 173, 3675 Sandy Lake Rd. - to starter fertilizers may go a long way in improving seedling vigor and early crop development. The “art of farming” involves the integration of management prac tices and crop production inputs to maximize yields every year. Ensuring that a crop has a balance of plant-available nutrients from seedling establishment through to grain filling is critical to capitalizing on best management practices such as early seeding on the Canadian prairies. For more information, contact Dr. Adrian M. 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