Solution To
(Continued from Page A 1)
accounted for 60-70 percent of the
mortality.
“Genetic selection has marked
ly decreased the ability of the
chicken to respond to environmen
talchanges,” saidßarbato. “Birds
are being pushed to the brink as
fast as they can grow.”
While ascites affects more broil
ers than layers, layers aren’t
affected because of die “hybrid
vigor” in their genetic selection.
This vigor allows them to “hide”
the problems more readily, accord
ing to the professor. Hens become
more adaptable to changes in the
environment.
In 1945, it took 93-95 days to
obtain a 3.5-pound broiler. In
1990, it took only 35 days to obtain
a 3.5-pound bird. In the year 2000,
it is projected, it will only take
23-25 days to grow a 3.5-pound
broiler.
The genetic selection for this
fast growth has limited the gene
pool of adaptability. The less days
to growout, the more energy is
needed for growth. That takes
away energy needed to adapt to
cool or cold conditions. As much
as BS-90 percent of the increases in
ascites can be attributed to genetic
selection, according to the
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Ascites ‘A Genetic One,’
researcher.
Penn State reproduced condi
tions to bring on the onset oi
ascites in broilers in a trial. They
used the ‘ ‘cod’ ’ model —after the
birds reached 14 days of age,
researchers lowered the ambienl
temperature to 55 degrees F. Whal
they found out was that the longei
the exposure to the cool condi
tions, the greater the incidence of
ascites in the flock.
“What cures ascites? Probably
nothing right now,” said Barbato.
The answer lies in not curing it, but
preventing it with “solid manage
ment,” he said.
The professor suggested that
producers ensure the birds receive
good ventilation year-round. Also,
keep the birds warm. One study
looked at feed restrictions to lessen
the stress of growout, but what the
research found was that, although
ascites was reduced dramatically,
there was a decrease in total breast
weight.
“The bottom line is that it
depends on what you’re selling
more birds or more breast yield,”
he said. “You must decide what’s
important to you.”
Research indicates that there are
some “exciting options” that are
still under review and may be pre
sented to poultry producers in the
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But, as the days to growout
decline, there might be a point
Dr. Guy Barbato, associate professor of poultry science, left, spoke to more than 30
broiler and layer managers and other industry personnel at the Poultry Management
and Health Seminar at Krelder’s Restaurant on Monday. Here, he speaks to David
Graybill, Pennfleld broiler flock manager, center while Dr. Nuket Acar, post-doc stu
dent, looks on.
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“Where all the good management
in the world won’t help,” he said.
Any perturbation will push the
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disease.
“Ultimately, the solution has to
be a genetic one,” he said.
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