EFNEP Programs Help Break Cycle Of Poor Nutrition And Poverty UNIVERSITY PARK (Centre J* 3 '' 6 Umiicd access to affordable, 20. Many of these girls make nu- Surveys show that upon enter- ing. Others have had their children Co.) This year marks the 25th healthful foods, including fresh tritionally poor food choices. ing EFNEP programs, only one- returned to them from foster care, anniversary of the Expanded Food aod vegetables. Their diets Of the infants bom to teenagers third of the participants had diets For many clients, EFNEP pro and Nutrition Education Program *‘kely to be deficient in vita- who gam less than 20 pounds dur- containing recommended quanti- grams have been a starting point (EFNEP), a federally funded pro- 01108 A and C, calcium and iron.” ing pregnancy, more than 15 per- ties of foods from all five food for turning their lives around. “I gram offered by Penn State Co- ® ne 10 s ' x Pennsylvanians age cent have low birth weights. These groups. This number increased to learned how to prepare creative operative Extension to low-in- or younger lives below the low-birth-weight babfes are more more than three-fourths by com- and nutritious meals on a low bud come families throughout Penn- that’s nearly prone to a wide range of health pletion of the programs. get,” says Dcnita Anderson, a mo sylvania. 440,000 children. Long-term, problems and disabilities. But EFNEP paraprofessionals ther of six in Meadville. "When EFNEP paraprofessionals help chronic undernutrilion slows “Participants in EFNEP pro- arid volunteers do more than teach you have a big family, that means thousands of families especial- learning and cognitive develop- grams learn ways to stretch food nutrition. They help participants a lot. ly those with young children m6 °U lowers motivation and hind- dollars and provide nutritious further their education, find jobs “But that was just the begin and pregnant teens choose a ers concentration. mea | s f or tiieir families,” says and become more self-sufficient, ning,” Anderson says. “The pro healthful diet on a limited income. Poorly nourished children and Hcald. “This includes information Graduates often report that they gram also helped me make con “ Families living on an extreme- 16608 also have weakened resis- on preparing food', food safety, are making use of educational-as- tacts to further my education, ly tight budget often are chronical- 13066 10 viruses and other infec- reading food labels, making good sislaoC6 programs and other ser- Thanks to the encouragement 1 got ly undernourished,” says Judith tions. In addition, approximately use of food stamps and other re- VIC6S - Ma °y have returned to the through EFNEP. I’m going to at- Heald, EFNEP program manager 40 percent of all girls in low-in- sources, eating sensibly during work f° rce or have enrolled in high tend Penn State and major in agri m Penn Stale’s College of Agri- come families become pregnant at pregnancy and feeding babies and S6 b°°l* general-equivalency di- cultural business.” cultural Sciences. “They often least once before they reach age children.” ploma (GED) classes or job train- V Melmar Acres, Inc. V Elizabethtown, PA Parlor, Holding Area, Milk House, Utility Room & Heifer Barn Constructed By Craft-BUt SURGE 9u unit'* t pMm (01E. High StrMt, CHnMhtown 17023 (717) 367-1221 yBv Taltphona; (717) M 64681 Manufacturers of Laminated Rafters and Wood Roof Ww-m e. undw ”?frr„ wciinnd.B» Trusses 170(7 W Mt. Joy H-B Wmberger'sMlll Farmers nia rd4.ro. box 545 CO-OD ""SfKJSr* Lebanon, PA17042 Mr PO. Box 7, New Holland, PAI7SS7-0007 IS SJ 717-867-5161 MtJoy, PA 717-8534431 Pt»oe: 717-SM-eoii • fax 7170H4n« * Congratulations!! 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With proper management, you can extinguish Tire blight before it damages the woody ornamentals in your landscape, says an expert in Penn State’s College of Agricultural Sciences. “Fire blight is a disease that can attack more than 73 species of trees and shrubs,” says Dr. Gary Moorman, associate professor of plant pathology. “Susceptible plants include apple, pear, quince, mountain ash, crabapple, haw thorn, cotoneaster, scrviceberry and pyracan tha.” Infected plants display a variety of symp toms. Twigs, branches and leaders on trees and shrubs wilt and blacken, especially during flowering. Affected twigs and branches may bend over into the shape of a shepherd’s crook. Blackened flower parts remain attach ed to the tree. Cream-colored liquid may ooze out of the cankers and run down the trunk and branches in the spring if contilions arc very wet. “The bacterium that causes fire blight over winters on infected plants in darkened, slight ly sunken cankers,” Moorman says. “In the spring, the bacteria are spread by insects, rain, wind and birds. Although plants are most sus ceptible during flowering and new shoot de velopment, fire blight can continue to spread later in the season.” Certain conditions promote fire blight. “Fcrtilicalion practices that product very suc culent growth can make plants more susccpu blc,” says Moorman. “Temperatures between 70 and 81 degrees Fahrenheit, combined with high relative humidity and rainfall during flowering, provide optimum conditions for the disease. Injury due to hail or wind-blown soil opens plant tissue to infection.” Moorman says to avoid fire blight, you should grow resistant varieties when ever possible. “Purchase and plant only disease free trees and shrubs, and remove severely in fected plants.” IAftRIMUI tMiMW »•*» Once the disease has begun, Moorman re commends a three-pronged management strategy: • During the growing season, inspect sus ceptible plants and prune infected tissues. Look for blackened twigs, branches and flow er parts. Find the sunken, darkened cankers on the wood. Prune when the weather is dry, cut ting at least 12 inches below the canker. Dis infect pruning tools between cuts by placing them in one part household bleach to nine parts water for 10 minutes, then rinsing them in clean water. • During the dormant season, prune infect ed tissues by cutting at least four inches below the canker. Disinfect pruning tools between cuts. • If necessary, use a chemical that is regis tered for use on the type of plant infected or contact a professional landscaper or arborist for treatment. When using pesticides, be sure to read and follow all directions and safety precautions on labels. For more information on plant diseases, contact the Penn State Cooperative Extension office in your county.
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