D6-Lancaster Farming Saturday, July 27,1991 Livestock Notes (Continued from Pag* D 5) mastitis is defined as a single event which requires withholding milk from the bulk tank. Once milk is permitted into the bulk tank, additional withholding con stitutes another episode. The minimum data that a pro- Cow: 345 Calving date: 5/1/90 Start Finish 7- 7-22-90 8- 8/25/90 10-11-90 10-17-90 10-25-90 11-10-90 DDM = Days of discarded milk DDMLAC = Days of discarded milk per lactation The data should be entered after every milking to keep the records current. Using this system, the producer can answer two impor tant questions. Herd Prevalence? Tally up the number of cows with clinical mastitis and divide by the total number of calvings for time interval of interest. This indi cates the percent of cows that have had clinical mastitis. Specific guidelines for typical rates are not available for Maryland but researchers in Ohio found 38% of all lactations experienced clinical mastitis and in Florida, D. Morse BAUER TRAVELLING GUNS Tired of moving pipes and dragging hoses?? Let BAUER TRAVELLING GUNS do your work! PUMPS IN STOCK, Submersible, Engine Drive, Electric Motor, PTO Call for full specifications on each pump. We can choose the correct pump for your application AUTHORIZED DEALER RAIN-FLO IRRIGATION 884 Center Church Rd. East Earl, PA 17519 PH (215) 445-6976 ACRES HOSEI.D. REG. IN./WK. /LENGTH WIDTH GUN MODEL PRICE 1.65”x410’ 2.1”x720’ 2.5”x920’ 3.0”x985’ 3.7”x985’ 3.9”x1150’ 3.9”x1250’ 4.5”x1150’ ducer needs to collect is cow iden tification, starting date of withholding milk from bulk tank and date milk is allowed into bulk tank. Using this data, a very simple record-keeping system may be developed on 3 x 5 inch cards as indicated below: )i',ode #DDM DDMLAC 2 4 12 3 6 18 4 16 34 reported 45 and 40% of Holstein and Jersey lactations were identi fied as clinical mastitis positive. These rates are on a per lactation basis, and thus, records need to be maintained for several months to accurately access the extent of clinical mastitis. A majority of clinical mastitis episodes are known to occur within the first 2 months of lactation, and thus, this has to be taken into consideration when reviewing the records. Cows Responsible for a Majority of Discarded Milk The last column on the 3 x 5 p— TRACTORS MFC’S 1 YEAR WARRANTY —I Belarus I On-The-Farm I I Tire Service I J 1 j T42WD Bickhoc Loader 57 521^,6 75 0 ’ 562 4WDw£ab . 70- 572 4WD w/Cab 70 . 514,259 g 820 4WD 85 -513,895 825 4WD w/Cab S 5 515,422 0 922 4WD w/Cab .... 100 518,989 > 1770 4WD w/cab . . 180 536,880 2 Engine for /u, \ ((Ml—-) -31 ■ 52,995 jy Replacement Vex-*/ 57 53,695 p) Toy Tractor 1/43 Scale 515.95 H Bam Equip. t berg 5 FARMWAY 3 FIBERDOME “ JAMESWAY S STARLINE JK ROVENDALE SUPPLY •r 7 But 31, 1-80 to 1-180 Ml 8 7, f to Watsontown Exit (You Are There 1 ) Sxt 8 5 I I Ph. 717-538-5521 or 742-7521 Open t 17 Holidays TOLL FREE PA 1-800-232-DALE Dealin’ Days USA MADE 50 TSi 65 Ti 75 Ti 90 Ti 110 Ti 125 T 125 TH 140 HT PB5 SRW2S SRW2S SRW3S SRW3S SRW3S SRW3S P2OO Table 1. Average and range of rate of clinical intramammary infection (C1MI) episodes and costs per episode of clinical mastitis in nine low somatic cell count (greater than 80% low on DHI) herds decreased milk Rate Cl MI production and per herd nonsalable milk (*?* <SL Average 38 90 Range 16 to 64 44 to 114 ♦Rate = no of clinical episodes x 100 30S days Table 2« Avenge and range of costs on a per cow basis for teat dip, dry cow medication and paper towels among the 9 herds Preventive item Teat dip Dry cow medication Paper towels card is a cumulative total of the days of the discarded milk per lac tation from all episodes of clinical mastitis. Previous studies indi cated that a small percentage of cows (1-16%) are responsible for up to 50% of the discarded milk. A record of the days of discarded milk is a good economic barome ter since no payment is received for that milk. It is also known that cows with more than 5 episodes of clinical mastitis are often respon sible for the bulk of discarded milk. Florida research has found that culling cows with 5 or more episodes of clinical mastitis (10% of herd), would eliminate 50% of the episodes. Accurate records on clinical mastitis will assist produc ers in identifying the problem mastitis cows. Summary Maintaining a simple 3x5 inch card system on the occurrence of clinical mastitis can help the dairy producer determine the extent of clinical mastitis in the herd. Aver- 4,800.00 11.500.00 14.250.00 18.250.00 22.250.00 27.250.00 29.250.00 33.250.00 Costs of • Arrow Alfalfa • Apollo Supreme • Aggressor Alfalfa • Redland Red Clover BAUER 9 Toro Timothy 9 Climax Timothy • Pennlate Orchard Grass • Reeds Canary Grass • Reveille Rye Grass • Highland Pasture Mix • Horse Pasture Mixture • Waterway Grass Mix SALE PRICE 4,320.00 .10,350.00 .12,825.00 .16,425.00 20.025.00 24.525.00 26.325.00 29.925.00 *ledication cost ($) I to 27 Average cost $lO age rates of clinical mastitis range from 38% to 45%. Cows with 5 or more episodes of clinical mastitis usually account for 50% of the discarded milk in the herd, and thus, these cows should be culled. Economics Of Mastitis Most dairy producers are aware that mastitis is the single largest disease cost in their herds. What producers may not realize, howev er, is the actual cost and the range of those costs. Hoblet et al. from Ohio State University reported their findings of mastitis costs at the 1991 annu al meeting of the National Mastitis Council held at Reno, Nevada from February 11 to 13. Their study consisted of nine well man aged dairy herds near Wooster, Ohio. Eight Holstein herds and one Jersey herd (avg. size = 149 milking cows) averaged 19,386 lbs and 13,017 lb of milk, respec tively at the start of the study. Bulk tank somatic cell counts averaged 265,000 for the year and greater than 80% of cows had low DHI somatic cell counts (Provo DHI records). All herds were housed in free-stall confinement with little or no access to pasture. Thirty-eight percent of all lacta tions experienced at least one epi sode of clinical mastitis with an average cost of $lO7 per episode (Table 1). Thus, on the average, a producer in this study would expect to lose $6,058 annually to clinical mastitis (149 cows x .38 cases per year x $lO7 per year). ROHRER'S Quamy SEEDS FOR OVER 75 YEARS HOLLAND EXTRA BALER - BINDER TWINE Labor “elis. Veterinary cost (S) 9 to 5 1 to 5 Range of costs among the herds $3 - $2O $2 - $ 4 $6 - $27 Notice the tremendous range in costs. The lowest cost would be $1097 (149 cows x .16 cases per year x $46 per year) and the maxi mum would be $13,541 (149 x .64 cases per year x $142). During these times when milk prices are reduced, examination of the clini cal mastitis records may reveal that this is an area where substan tial savings could be realized. Those producers, in particular, with higher than average clinical rates and medication costs could save several thousand dollars each year. The major cost (over 80%) of clinical mastitis is the unsalable milk and reduced milk yields (Table 1). Only about 20% of the cost was due to medication, veter inary cost and labor. Consequent ly, if clinical mastitis losses are to be reduced, then management practices must be evaluated so the rate of clinical episodes decline. Hoblet et al. also quantified pre ventative mastitis costs (Table 2) and found a wide variation among producers in expenditures. The difference between high and low costs per cow were nearly 7 fold for teat dip, 2 fold for dry cow medication and 4.5 fold for paper towels. If the herd that spent $2O per cow on teat dip and $27 per cow on paper towels could reduce that cost to the average of $lO per cow, the savings could amount to $4,023 ([s2o-$lO (teat dip) + $27 - $lO (paper towels)] x 149 cows = $4,023). Thus, producers should also evaluate their expenditures on preventative mastitis products for potential savings. Seed Grains • Cert. Barsoy Barley • Cert. Wysor Barley • Cert. Twain Wheat • Cert. Tyler Wheat • Winter Rye More Information Upon Request Total cost per episode ($) 107 46 to 142 Range of costs for the average study herd (149 cows) $447 - $2,980 $298 - $ 596 $894 - $4,023
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