Ing, Saturday, May 4, 1991 C4-Lancaster Farmii Paper Recycling- Right Answer To The Wrong Question How many trees do we save for every ton of recycled paper we use? Good question one that a lot of people are asking these days. But like many good ques tions, this one is not easily answered. For openers, just consider the enormous variety of tree sizes. Are you talking about “saving” a 300-year-old Douglas-fir tree, or a 20-year-old loblolly pine? The first could easily be 200 feet high and 6 feet in diameter. The latter is likely to be about 60 feet high and as wide as your waist That’s a big difference. Another variable is the type of paper product you’re talking about. Paper products vary great ly in the kind of wood Tiber needed to make them. Products that demand durability and tear resistance usually require the lon ger and thinner wood fibers that come from pine, fir, and other softwood trees. Products that need density and printability require the shorter and thicker fibers from hardwood trees such as oak and maple. The kind of product you want influences the amount of so-called “virgin fiber” needed to make it. Even the question itself is dri ven by a more fundamental mis understanding. Most people who are interested in “saving” trees by using more recycled paper mista kenly believe that the trees to be saved are the towering, pictur esque ones commonly found in the great forests of the Pacific Northwest. In fact, these trees are not used to make paper, so they aren’t “saved” when recycled material is used. Instead, the trees typically used in papermaking are the small, pole-size trees. By remov ing these smaller or undesirable trees, it leaves space for other trees to grow to help insure a future supply of wood of all kinds. These are not the kind of trees that inspired Joyce Kilmer’s poem to the woodsman. WOODEN WHEELBARROW * Made With Pressure Treated And Poplar Wood * Assembled With Stainless Steel Screws * With Removable Sides * 66” Long, 27” High, 24” Wide * $157-00 Plus Tax Unless Exempt * Wooden Wheel With Steel Rim * Also Smaller Sizes In Stock Elam M. Ebersol 558 Gibbons Road Bird-In-Hand, PA 17505 Call Answering Service 717-354-5561 Dealer Inquiries Welcome Another misunderstanding may also be the root of the ques tion. Many people believe that when paper products are recycled, no new wood fiber from living trees is used in the produc tion process. Alas, the truth is less dramatic. Eventually, even “recycled” paper products require new fiber. That’s because with each use, paper fibers wear down during the manufacturing process, becoming smaller and less cap able of binding together. For that reason, to sustain the process, it’s necessary to inject a continuous infusion of never-before recycled fiber into the wastepaper stream used to make recycled paper. All of which isn’t to suggest that recycling isn’t a laudable goal. Far from it. In order to reduce the burden of waste mater ial on the nation’s landfills, paper industry officials believe recy cling should be an important goal for both consumers and the paper industry. In fact, paper producers have taken the lead in nationwide recy cling efforts. Paper and paper board today account for more than 80 percent of all post consumer material that Ameri cans collect for recycling. Already, the industry recovers about 27 million tons of waste paper annually to produce count less newspaper and paperboard Leadership growing planet products. Papermakers have recently announced a goal to recover up to 40 percent of all used paper by 1995-up from today’s 32 percent. Industry observers concede this goal is ambitious, particular- Ivin view of the nation’s enorm ous appetite for paper products of every description. Last year, each American used an average of 670 pounds of paper- not surprising when you consider a few facts. Americans usually read 24 billion newspapers and more than two billion catalogs. In 1989, we also used 312 billion square feet of corrugated containers (enough to cover the slate of Maryland) to ship most of the country’s pack aged food, clothing, appliance, and industrial products. Even though we don’t know how many trees are used in each ton of paper, industry officials do know that the trees used in paper making are used efficiently. For example, fully 30 percent of all the raw material used in paper making comes from forest residues, and waste wood, not from standing trees. On the West Coast, where big trees flourish, the paper industry gets two-thirds of its fiber from wood chips. Add to that total another 25 percent derived from recycled waste pap er, and less than half of the raw material used to make paper com es from standing trees. 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers