There are few occupations where the wife is anymore important to the success of the business than farming. It’s just that kind of business. And it’s rare to see a successful farmer whose spouse is not deeply involved with the farm. In days past, that involvement may have been a clearly defined role of housekeeper, and the one who tended the garden and took care of the chickens. But all that has changed. Lines of respon sibility are not so easily drawn, and wives are now involved at every point in the farm production spectrum Department of Agriculture data show many of them as full-time TAKE ADVANTAGE NOW OF THESE LOW PRICES 55 GA! .LON D 1 CITGO C-50015 W-40 CITGO C-500 SAE 30 VALVOLINE ALL FLEET PLUS 15W-40 VALVOLINE ALL FLEET PLUS SAE 30 ** TRACTOR HYDRAULIC FLUID ATF DEXRONII PERMANENT ANTIFREEZE * Recommended for Diesel and Gasoline Engines ** Recommended for Allis Chalmers, J.I. Case, International, John Deere and Others. _ Additional Discounts For Volume And Pickup (Minimum Order For Delivery -30 Gallons) [call your nearest sico office! THE SICO Company, Mt. joy, pa FREE DELIVERY IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS Carlisle (717 ) 249-5027 Ephrata (717) 738-3704 Lancaster (717) 394-2649 Farm Talk Jerry Webb farm operators while their spouses work off-farm jobs. And more and more of them take active roles in other farm enterprises, including dairying, swine production and vegetable crop farming. Here on the Delmarva peninsula, it’s quite common for a husband to work an . off-farm job while his wife carries sole responsibility for a large broiler operation. But even in today’s modern society, it’s rare to find a farm woman operating the farm while her house-husband takes care of the cleaning and cooking, runs errands, and minds the garden. For all of the advances women have made into the production side PRE-SEASON MOTOR Oil SALE PER DRUM PER GAL. $165.00 $3.00 $165.00 $3.00 $178.75 $3.25 $178.75 $3.25 $181.50 $165.00 $156.75 717/653-1411 Lebanon (717) 274-3454 Lemoyne (717) 763-7294 sion- 15 MOUNT )OY STREP" MT /OY PA 17552 “More answers for energy than anyone else around.” of farming, they still remain a virtual monopoly when it comes to the responsibilities of the home Researchers at lowa State University surveyed almost 1,000 farm households to find out more about “home economics” on the farm They wanted data that would help farmers make decisions on having children, pursuing outside jobs, or going back to school Here are some of their findings: • The average farm wife will spend an additional 430 hours a year doing household chores-for every child under six years of age • Rearing three children of various ages means more than a eight-hour workday for a farm wife • With a 10 percent pay raise from an outside job, a farm wife will spend $32 more that year for household services. • Each child under the age of six increases the probability of a woman not working at a wage paying job by 11 percent. the lowa researchers used an economic model and a computer to determine values for household work. They found that 60 percent of the wives worked at least an hour or more a day in farm-related duties, including tractor driving, keeping records, or handling 5 GALLON PAII.S * VALVAOLINE ALL FLEET PLUS 15W-40 * VALVOLINE ALL FLEET PLUSSAE 30 ** TRACTOR HYDRAULIC FLUID GREASE PAILS-VALVOLINE MULTILUBE CARTRIDGES - VALVOLINE MULTILUBE $3.30 $3.00 $2.85 or Mount Joy (717) 653-1411 livestock More than one-fourth worked off the farm for wages They also found that of the 430 extra hours each year required for a child under six, 315 of those hours came from what was previously classed as leisure time. The 430 hours is an average Obviouslj, young children take more time, older ones take less. Children between the ages of six and 11 need only 130 hours a year, and those between 12 and 18 require about 45 more hours a year, according to the study. That means a farm wife rearing a child in each of these age groups would work at household activities about 2,700 hours a year, or more than 50 hours a week That does not include any farm ac tivities or off-farm employment Using the tools of economic analysis, the lowa researchers concluded that it is a lot easier to substitute capital in basic farm production, such as crops and livestock, than it is in basic household production. They found such things as appliances, maids, housing and nursery school, were relatively poor substitutes for a mother’s household time in caring $21.10 each $21.10 each $19.50 each $24.85 each $47.25/case Oxford (215) 932-8350 West Chester (215) 696-5930 York (717 ) 848-2159 Lancaster Fanning, Saturday, February 15,1986-823 for younger children. “The capital labor ratio is 10 times larger for farm production than for household production,” according to the report. About a fourth of the husbands in the survey reported some off-farm work, and four-fifths of them said they did some work around the house. The report did not spell out how much The researchers concluded that as family sizes decline the demand for household capital goods, such as durables and housing, will decline also. And the reduction in family size will also give wives more leisure time. They figure three-fourths of the time released from household labor will then be available for leisure time. Or, depending on the situation, available for farm production. In some ways, farm families are more traditional in the way they face the task of household management and child rearing, with the wife bearing the bulk of the responsibility with very little outside support. On the other hand, farm wives have been liberated for (Turn to Page 826) Factory Fresh - For Easter Smoked Me, |tS(Old Fashioned, Amish Style. Dry-Cured, Aged and Smoked With Hickory And Sassafras Wood.) * Hard Salami 51b. *14.50 * Boneless Ham (fully cooked). 7Vi to 9 lb. * 19.50 * Regular Ham (Farm Cut - Partially Cooked 16-18 lb *27.50 * Trail Beef Rings (Ready To Eat Delightful, spicy) 51b. *11.50 * Smoked Sausage (Made in old Amish tradition No garlic or sage) 51b. *10.75 Fresh Beef (Canned) (Tastes Home-Canned) Beef Chunks (In Broth) .. . 2 Lb. Can *5.95 ea. Beef Broth Contains Some Beef Pieces ... 2 Lb. Can *3.45 ea. Cheeses (all brands made in Sugar Creek area with Milk from Amish farms) * Colby Longhorn B'/i to 10Vi lb. *19.50 * Swiss (Rind is removed - please specify mild or medium aged) 7 Vi-9 lb. *19.50 * Baby Swiss Wheels 4-5 lb. *9.95 * Weights are approximate and vary a bit from order to order Coatings. Candies. Etc. Bakers Chocolate 10 lb. Block *12.00 Colored Chocolate (White Green or Pink) 1 Vi or 10 lb. Block *14.00 Yellow & Butterscotch Flavored Carob 1 Vi or 10 lb. Block *14.00 Semi-Sweet Chocolate. IVito 10 lb. Block * 14.00 Nestle's Carmel Loaf 5 lb. Block *8.90 Brocks Irregular Mints... .5 Vt lb. Box *8.75 Nestles Peanut Butter Block 1.99 lb. or 10 lb. Block *18.50 Sweet Chocolate Cookie Chips ... Butterscotch Chips Carob Chips Peanut Butter Chips Coconut Flakes Nuts Jumbo Spanish Peanuts 1.45 lb. or 30 lb. Carton *4l .SO Extra Large Blanched Peanuts 1.69 lb. or 30 lb. Carton *48.50 Cashew Pieces .. 2.95 lb. or 30 lb. Carton *86.50 Broken Mixed Nuts (No Peanuts) .. 3.59 lb. or 25 lb. Carton *87.50 Roasted and Salted Peanuts (in shell) 98 lb. or 25 lb. Carton *23.50 Roasted and Unsalted Peanuts (in shell) 98 lb. or 25 lb. Carton *23.50 English Walnuts Halves and Pieces 2.20 lb. or 25 lb. Carton *53.00 Pecan Halves and 3.75 lb. or 30 lb. Carton *110.50 Pieces Dried Fruit California Seedless Raisins 95* lb. or 30 lb. Carton *27.00 Pineapple Rings * 1.85 lb. Papaya *1.85 lb. Apple Rings *2.19 lb. Banana Chips *1.45 lb. Turkish Apricots *2.99 lb. Will be shipped U.P.S. with shipping charges COD Visa and Master Charge welcome. Please include complete number and expiration date. Send or call your order to our family butcher shop in Sugar Creek, Ohio Miller Distributors c/o Troyer's Butcher Block Edelweiss Dr. Sugarcreek, Ohio 44681 Phone 216-852-2747 (A Family Business Serving You From The Amish .99 lb. or 25 lb. Carton *22.75 1.45 lb. or 25 lb. Carton *34.50 1.29 lb. or 25 lb. Carton *29.75 1.45 lb. or 25 lb. Carton *34.50 1.251b.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers