Forage research center (Continued from Page Dl4) barn. They are fed 20 percent fat milk replacer and offered free choice hay, and weaned at eight weeks. From there calves are moved to small free stall areas. Manure is handled with a Surge solid-liquid separation unit, with the liquid going to an earthen lagoon and the dry matter being used for bedding. Coming through the system at 50-60 percent moisture, the dry matter is then composted to 140 degrees Cen tigrade to kill organisms. The dry matter is used to make a manure pack under cows. Venuto said, “It is fairly sterile under cows, but it needs a manager.” He said it offers a nice pack which is “good for feet and legs.” Barns at the facility are designed with an edging at the back end of the stall to contain the manure pack. Venuto explained that the top several inches of the pack must be raked and taken off from two to three times weekly. New natural material is added, WHEN IT COMES TO MONEY, PRUDENCE PAYS. We could leap on every new idea that comes down the pike We could enter the race for “new” and “never before," but we believe in prudence. So first we analyze each new idea Then we make sure that the new idea is not only what you want—but what will work. For you Take Certificates of Deposit. Highest interest on savings is great, but not everyone can afford to lock in money Nsw Horn* Division: Main Office-Penn Ave and Park Road Wyomissing 215-376-6151 • Ephrata 717-733-9621 • Fruitville Pike Lancaster 717-569-6491 First Federal Division: Main Office-East King St Lancaster 717-393-0601 • New Holland 717-354-4427 • Park City Center Lancaster 717-299-3745 Lititz 717-626-0251 ■ Millersville 717-872-4665 ■ Quarryville 717-786-1010 • Mt Joy 717-653-8121 East Towne Mall Lancaster 717-393-0488 • East Petersburg 717-569-5793 covered with chopped straw. The purpose of using the manure pack is to save on the considerable expense of bedding materials. Venuto admits that the manure pack can cause problems with coliform and mastitus, but feels with good management its use can be successful. The bottom part of their pack has been in place for two years. In addition to the stall barns, there are two separate free stall bams on the facility, built as one, but separated by a closing par tition and operated differently. One is naturally ventilated and the other is insulated and mechanically ventilated. Both have four rows of free stalls and a drive-through feed alley. Venuto says the naturally ventilated one is probably best for most farms, although cows must be fed more in the winter. The cost of the extra feed, however, offsets the ex tremely high electric bills from the mechanically ventilated system. The milking parlor is set up as a Member FSLIC Accounts insured up to $lOO,OOO 'Federal regulations require an interest penalty for early withdrawal New Home First Federal divisions of PennSavlngsßanlf HARRISBURG The number of Pennsylvania farm workers totaled 107,000 during the week July 8-14, according to the Penn sylvania Crop and Livestock double-four, side-opening parlor. There are two prep stalls where cows are given a warm udder wash of 45 seconds. A heat recovery system on their bulk tank has afforded them savings. The computerized milking units automatically record the number of each cow and measure her milk production, both morning and evening. Ventuo said it take 2 1/2 hours to milk the 130 cow herd, emphasizing that it takes longer in a research herd than in a strictly production herd. The Center is still working hard at getting their new systems to work at optimum, but look for this forage research farm to produce data which will be useful in helping dairymen get better production from their herds. year upon year, so we have terms from six months to ten years? And not everyone can afford $2,500, so we have minimums as low as $5OO That works for you. Take Money Market Deposit Accounts. A great new way to earn higher interest, but our way is to give ready access to your money plus checking-with-interest. That works for you. And NOW Accounts. We looked at them , Farm workers decline Reporting Service. This total in cludes hired, self-employed and unpaid workers. The number of farm workers decreased nearly five percent from the same comparable survey period of July, 1983. Self-employed workers ac counted for 33 percent, hired workers 32 percent, and other unpaid workers 35 percent of the total farm work force. farmers worked an average of 57.7 _hours during the survey week. Through the same period, unpaid workers averaged 45.9 hours and hired workers averaged 36.3 hours. Hourly farm workers in the commonwealth were paid an average of $3.90 an hour. Those paid on other terms, such as salary or commission, received an average of $3.69 per hour. Field workers earned an average of $3.78 per hour, while those working with livestock were paid an average of $3.48 per hour. Nationwide, a total of 4.1 million /Si T;'. carefully and liked what we saw, but we thought something more should be added So our NOW Account—our checking-with-interest—has no minimum balance, no monthly service charge That works for you Working for you. Prudently Perhaps that’s why our customers are winning the race. And that's why they keep coming back. Lancaster Farming, Saturday, September 8,1984-Dl5 Pennsylvania self-employed people were working on farms and ranches during the survey week. This is an increase of nearly one percent over the number for the corresponding week last year. Hired workers represented 43 percent (1.8 million) of the total work force, while farm operators and other unpaid workers ac counted for the remaining 2.3 million workers. Self-employed farm operators averaged slightly fewer hours this year, averaging 48.2 hours for the survey week. Other unpaid workers averaged 40.8 hours and hired workers averaged 36.8 hours worked during the period July 8-14,1964. The U.S. average wage rate for all hired farm workers was $4.16 per hour, up 1.2 percent from July 1983. Workers paid on an hourly basis received $4.12 per hour, an increase of five cents over July 1983. Wage rates by categories of workers were; field, $3.93; livestock, $3.93, and piece rate, $4.60. Sweet onion developed WASHINGTON, D.C. A new onion called “Sweet Sandwich,’’ unlike other onions, becomes milder in flavor while it is stored at low temperatures. That report comes from the U.S. Depart ment of Agriculture’s Clinton E. Peterson, who adapted the onion specifically for growing in the East. He is a plant breeder for USDA’s Agricultural Research Service, based in Madison, Wis. Commercial, home garden and market tests in 1983 in New York State showed what Peterson called “the new onion’s superiority.” He said the onion averaged 1,615 bushels an acre, out producing 15 other varieties in the East’s hot and dry growing season last year. Onion bulbs were “strikingly uniform in shape,” he said, and over 90 percent were two to three inches in size. Growing trials were carried out by the Agricultural Ex periment Station of Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. When harvested, each bulb was equally mild and improved in flavor while in storage, Peterson said. That’s in contrast to the “Sweet Spanish,” a salad and sandwich onion grown in the West which can vary in mildness. “Sweet Sandwich” borrows its taste and good storage traits from several varieties of “Early Yellow Globe,” he said. But, the new onion is missing its parents’ pungency. Tests also showed that after four months in storage the bulbs sof tened slightly, but were free of sprouting, root growth and disease. Production is ex pected to increase enough. Peterson said, for packet and catalog seed distributors to
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