B2B—Lancaster Fanning, Saturday, February 27,1982 Proper interpretation of soil sampling tests Penn State’s Ray Shipp, far right, to some of is essential in determining manure spreading those attending a manure management rates on different fields as pointed out here by workshop held recently in Gettysburg. BY GINGER SECRIST MYERS Staff Correspondent GETTYSBURG - The manure produced by a 50cow herd is worth $4O per acre in available nutrients. This figure and several other economic points were presented by Hay Shipp, Extension agronomist, at a recent manure management workshop held at Gettysburg High School. Shipp compared the nutrient value of manure while District Conservationist Ray Voyer discussed the Soil Conservation Service's role in manure management systems. Shipp presented a comparison ot the required application rate tor poultry manure, sludge, and dairy manure necessary to obtain 160 pounds of nitrogen (Nj that would be required to grow 150 bushels of corn per acre. Poultry manure, which contains 5.4 percent N and 15 percent water, requires 3.4 wet tons; sludge, which contains 4.0 percent N and 96 percent water, requires 100 tons or 25,000 gallons per acre; and finally, a dairy manure, which contains 4.1 per cent N and is 85 percent water, requires 26 wet tons per acre to produce the desired yield. This information, as Shipp stressed, reveals the percent solids or the percent water in the manure is very important in determining the required rate of application that wdi be required to reach specific nutrient levels. 'Hie question was raised about the practicality of applying sludge considering the voluminous amounts required compared to other manures. As Shipp pointed out, these figures show that sludge application could be very useful as a supplement to other fertilizers but probably shouldnot be the total planned source of nitrogen. Shipp also compared the available nutrients of cattle manure, poultry manure, and swine manure in pounds of per ton. Cattle manure contains 10 of N, 3 ot phosphorus, and 5 of potassium, in the same order poultry, manure contains 30, 20 and 5, and swine manure contains 10,6, and 9. Shipp cautioned that these figures show poultry manure contains more available nutrients than other manures and therefore should not be applied in as great a quantity to avoid burning the crop. When determining how much manure a dairy herd might produce daily, Shipp said he uses the formula of 85 pounds of manure produced for every 1,000 pounds ot live weight. Therefore, a 1,400- pound cow would produce about 12& ’manure daily. Manure management saves dollars and scents This manure can provide great savings on fertilizer costs. Ac cording to Shipp’s calculations, the manure from a 50 cow herd can provide $4,500 worth of nutrients to the soil. However, how this manure is managed can also determine us economic value. Tf you spread your manure and just leave it, you’re losing much of its value. You must incorporate it as soon as possible to avoid nitrogen loss through escaping ammonia,” Shipp explained. His findings reveal that, if manure is incorporated immediately, 50 percent of the nitrogen content is available to the sod. This figure could drop to as low as 20 percent it it is not incorporated into the sod within one week. Shipp stressed that manures differ greatly from farm to farm and therefore differ in their nutrient contents. He strongly encouraged the use of manure and sod testing as a guideline for manure application. Manure test kits are available from the Ex tension Service at a cost of $22. The test provides information on each sample’s nutrient value along with spreading information. District Conservationist Kay Voyer defined ag waste systems, their need, and SCS’s role in these systems. According to Voyer, an ag waste management system is "a planned system to contain and manage liquid and solid wastes including runoff from con centrated waste areas.” The manure will ultimately be disposed of in a way that won’t degrade the sod, water, and related resources, he said. USDA establishes canned celery grade standards WASHINGTON, D.C. - U.S. Department of Agriculture grade standards will be available to aid in marketing canned celery beginning Feb. 9. According to Charles JBrader, a fruit and vegetable marketing official with USDa's Agricultural Marketing Service, the standards establish quahty requirements and will provide canners and com mercial users with uniform marketing guidelines. Develop ment of the standards was requested by the Florida celery industry. Two quality grades— U.S. Grade A and U.S. Grade H—are provided. •vy 4- In a manure management system, according to Voyer, Die goals are io limit pollutants, recycle Hie manure’s nutrients m the soil and plants, and also to control odors. He said planned systems conserve nutrients in the manure, are more convenient than daily hauling, and have en vironmental advantages in con trolling pollutants. if a farmer is interested in a planned management system, Voyer strongly recommended that he work with his local SCS office. SOS wilt require that the farmer first have test pits dug at the manure storage site. From these test pits, SCS can determine the building materials that will be required and the drainage patterns of the soil. Voyer staved that SCS also can advise the tanner on how to minimize odor, recommend the type of spreading equipment that witi be needed, and what spreading patterns would be most ad vantageous with crop rotations. Following the test pits, SCS will assemble a design layout for the system and will work with the contractor on specifications until the job is complete. Another valuable asset of working with SCS on a manure management system, Voyer pointed out, is that Us sister agency, the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, can provide some cost sharing on the project. This can amount to as much as $3,5U0 per farm per year and is subject to approval by the county ASCS committee. The standards are based on a numerical score point system of grading. Scoring ranges from zero to 100 and considers such factors as the product's flavor, odor, color texture and freedom from defects. To quality as U.S. Grade A, canned celery would have to meet specific requirements and score at least SO points. Canned celery can be sliced, diced or chopped. The standards also provide lor two types of pack—aciditied and brme cooked. Acidified celery is used mainly in salads, whole brme cooked is used for soups, vegetable mixes and casseroles. See your nearest HOLLAr\D Dealer for Dependable Equipment and Dependable Service: Alexandria, PA OapperFarm Equipment Star Route 814-669-4465 Annvilte. PA B.H.M. Farm Equipment, (nc. R.D 1 717-867-2211 * Belleville, Pa. WanJ ZooK Farm Equipment Belleville, Pa. 717-936-7948 CarWate. PA Paul Shovers, li -.to vers, tnc. 35 East Willow Street 717-243-2686 Catawiua, Abraczmskas Farm Equipment, (nc. R.D. X 717-356-2323 Chambersburg. PA Clugston Implement, Inc. R.D. l 717-263-4103 OavKt&burg, PA George N. Gross, Inc. R.D. 2, Dover, PA 717-252-1673 Elizabethtown. PA Messick Farm Equipment, Inc. Rt. 283 • Rheem's Exit 717-367-1319 Gettysburg, PA Ymglmg Implements R.D. 9 717-359-4848 Greencastle. PA Meyers Implement’s Inc. 400 N. Antrim Way P.0.80x 97 717-597-2176 Halifax. PA Sweigard Bros. R. 0.3, Box 13 717-896-3414 Hamburg, PA Sharttesville Farm Service RD.I. 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Schretfler Pitman, PA 717-648-1120 Pleasant Gap, PA Brooks Ford Tractor W. College A ve. 814-359-2751 Quarrywiile. PA C.E. Wiley &Son, Inc. 101 South Lime Street 717-786-2895 Ringtown, PA Ringtown Farm Equipment Ringtown. PA 717-889-3184 Shippensburg. PA R.B. Miller, Inc. N. Seneca St. 717-532-4178 SHverdale, PA I.G. Sates 80x149 215-257-5135 Tamaqua, PA Charles S. Snyder, Inc. R.D.3 717-386-5945 Weal Chester. PA 'M.S. Yearstey A Son 114-116 East Market Street 215-696-2990 West Grove, PA S.G. Lewis A Son, Inc. R,D.2.80x66 215-8682214 Churchville. MD i Walter G. Coate, Inc. 284853 Churchville Rd. 301-734-7722 Risli Sun.MD Ag. Ind. Equipment Co., Inc. 120? Telegraph Rd. 301-398-6132 301-6585568 2188683542 Washington. NJ Frank Rymon & Sons 814-7983791 Woodstown. KJ Owerr Supply Co. Broad Street & East Avenue 609-769-0308
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