ttinsiptallaitrt. FROM OUR SPECIAL EUROPEAN CORRES PONDENT. THE LATIGHAM HOTEL,. } LONIiON, Aug. 17, 1567. DEAR EDITOR : There is so much to see here in . London that we feel as though we could spend a month looking about us, and See new things every day. WESTMINSTER. ABBEY her a fine historic study. In the nine chapels which surround the rear of the building, no - less than thirteen cif the former kings and queens of _England lie buried, beside dukes and duchesses, earls and countesses, bishops and deans by the score. Here is the tomb of Queen Elizabeth, and on it lies her effigy in alabaster, all dark and dingy in color, but perfect in its carving. Her likeneae is a good one, as we suppose,—slightly Rom in nose and firth countenance. Around her neat is carved her pearl necklace, also her large peed ear-drops. A golden Collar, which former over her breast below the necklace, has been taken away, but the marks of the fastenings still appear. She wears the immense ruffled frill around her neck, and the whole dress is so much like the pictures we see of her that we almost feet as though we 'saw her dead corpse lying there, 'and not lifeless stone. Overhead is a handsome canopy in marble or alabaster, supported by fonr 'columns of yellow colOred alabaster, once hand- Seine; but now dark, almost black, with age. The inscription is difficult to decipher, but speaks of her being the " Mother of her country, the pat manes' of religion and learning—that she en riched England, &c., &c., being for forty-five years a virtuous and triumphant queen," Slc. In the eame tomb lies the body of Bloody Mary, without any 'separate monument. Not far away • is the tomb of Mary Queen of Scots, whom Eliza teeth beheaded. The two tombs resemble each other very much, and were built by the Same monarch; James I, eon of Mary Queen of Scots, ada successor to Elizabeth. The two effigies are mach alike, as are 'the canopies and columns. The' same sculptor' executed both. What levellers death and time are! The chapel of King Henry VII. is a marvel of tilaborate workmanship. Fine Gothic arches support a roof of finely-carved stone-work. Over a hunared statues of saints and martyrs in niches stand around the walls, while stained windows throw mellow light upon it all. In the centre is the tomb, of Henry VII. and his queen, sur rounded by a high railing of finely wrought brass. Overhead hang old• banners, falling to decay— banni3rs of the Knights of the Bath. The chapel of Saint Edward is very interest• ing. Here lie Edward 1., Henry 111. and Queen, Richard 11., Edward 111., Henry V. and Queen, —monarchs who flourished between five and six hundred years ago. Here is the chair which every monarch has sat in at the time of their coronation from the time of Edward 1.-1307 down to Victoria. It is a square oaken chair, with high, pointed back, and square sides up as high as the arms rest. Many names are cut on it roughly with penknife; but it is now kept be hind a rail to prevent its further mutilation. A large square stone is fastened under the seat, which Edward I. brought from Scotland, and which, legend says, is the identical stone Jacob slept upon in Palestine, when he saw the vision of the angels, and which was taken to• Scotland long before Edward's day. Edward's tomb was opened ninety years ago, by some, antiquarians who doubted its genuineness. His body was found' in good preservation, having lain from 1307 to 1774. It- had a velvet robe on, beside one. of gold tissue, a scepter in each hand, and a crown on the head. The tomb of Henry V. bears his effigy, carved in oak, and formerly plated with silver, with a head, of silver, but the head and plating are gone. Above it, fastened on a beam, are the helmet, shield, and saddle which the king - wore when he fought at Agincourt The various monuments and tombs all around the Abbey are intensely interesting. On one side of the poet's corner stands Shakspeare in full length; opposite him, Handel, the eompo4r, and in his hand a piece of music, which you eau read from where you' stand on the ,floor, " I know , that my Redeemer liveth," that moat sublime and inspiring air from the Messiah. Near by are bas relievos or_ busts of Campbell, Goldsmith, Thomson, Southey, Milton, Gray, and many others, each with a favorite quotation, and the date of birth and death. But I cannot linger here. They have religious services three times every day ‘ both here and at Bt. Paul's, at which a choir of about twenty.boys and men do the chanting, and a priest does the intoning and reads the lessons. What good they ever elspect to come of it, I cannot imagine. Perhaps I am blind in not being able to see any. 'worship-in it at. all.- I hope-I am. - IiOI.II3ES OF PARLIAMENT - The Houses of Parliament are a splendid pile of buildings, some 900 feet long, and right on the 'banks of the Thames. , At one end is an in - Menge clock tower; at the other - the Victoria tower, a splendid square tower, 2feet high, with a large Gothic arch way it the' base,'uncler. which the Queen enters when she goes to Par liament. The entrance-ways to the houses' of THE AMERICAN PRESBYTERIAN, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1867. Lords and Commons are beautifully decorated in pannels and lofty Gothio curves. The walls are handsomely frescoed with prominent events in English history, The House of Parliament is a much smaller fOoiri than we expected to see. A small gallery, holding probably 150 spectators, occupies one end of the room. At the opposite end is a small reporter's gallery, and back of it a grating which encloses a dark gallery for ladies. No one in the house can tell whether there are any ladies present or not. The body of the room below is arranged in rows of seats facing each other, ranged along= the two longest sides of the room, and rising from the centre towards the wall They are oak with green morocco cush ions, and clown between the two rows in the cen tre, sit the 'speaker"and clerks. Fine stained windows admit the light. The walls and ceilings are elaborately carved and gilded, but the whole appearance is decidedly inferior to what 'we ex pected. The House of Lords is -much • the same in character, and that it has no -galleries at the . end. It is finished up with oak and red moroc co cushions. At one end is the throne whichthe queen occupies when she opens Parliament. It is a gilded'cliair and has over it a magnificent canopy of finely. carved and gilded =work. :The Chancellor sits upon a great' red cushion, three yards long and a . yard broad—the wooleack. - Efe. is the speaker of the hoilie,'ind. Wears . a wig, which' falls to his waist. He dresses in a black gown, and always rises when putting a inotion or stating the question. The. lords sit around with their hats on, but take them off when' they speak. They are generally man -with gray kalis, and their speaking is indistinct with a:good deal of —"a—a"—hesitation. , We heard= the Earl =of Derby, who spoke well after the:got started, Lord - Westbury., who said " Me Lud;" and went on speaking in such a way that none but those Us'ed to him could understan 1 a word. Then LOrd Littleton, who said one word clearly, then.Wdbzen all mixed up, so that the closest attention was necessary to learn what he was talking about. There were half a - dozen Bishops present, with white gbwns and immense sleeve's.' The most gentlemanly treatment we have received inz Eno.- land, was shown us just here. One'of the ushers told a member of the Peers who 'we were 'and that we wanted admittance. With pleasure, sir; bring your lady right here, Sir, , and. I will be happy to take her. to the ladies' gallery, where she shall see the house, - and you shall. have' the proper' pass for yourself." It was Sir James Brady who not only took us in, but pointed out D'lsraeli and other celebrities who happened to be present. My pass from the Legation, I feared, would come tonic too late' for me, so I went with out waiting for it, and you have here the result. The could get`no pass for my all, and with difficulty one ,'for myself, Without waiting a long time. Now a step from the sublime to the ridiculous. BILLINGSGATE MARKET I wended my way, one- cold, wet morning, to the Billingsgate. Fish . Market. A square before you reach it, the street is jammed tight with carts and wagons of all descriptions: The police can't keep it. clear. Along the side-walk you meet scores of men carrying on their heads boxes, baskets, barrels of fish. All is dirt, slime, and crowd. The market is 'under a large' shed some 200 feet square. Inside are' spread out salmon of Splendid apikea.ra.nce, eels, flit fish or soles, and mackerel by the thonsand. The crowd .of dirty men and women is dense; the noise is Babel in tensified. Screanis, shouts, ; hallooing, fill the air. There are eight or nine stands where they are selling fish in boxes by auction. Menare pass ing up from the vessels at the dock, with heavy boxes of fish on their heads. They throw them down on a platform before an auctioneer, who cries them off at the top .of his voice. In three seconds they are on the head of another man being carried off. A man with a barrel of 'fish on his head walks along the narrowpath ,between the stalls. He hits the one walking ahead of him, in the back of the head with:his barrel; and knocks the head of his neighbor against the bar rel on the other man's head just beyond; the other ,man had stopped a moment, while the line behind continued moving. There is a scream and 'hard words follow. A boy with two big empty bex.es on his head knocks them against a man's. nose The tkixes fall; the man slaps The boy's face; the lioy screams out and shows fight. Ali this amid noise and din and racket and smell such as no pen can describe. The noise is heigh-: tend by women selling, combs and pocket books, boys selling shoe-laces—all crying at, the top' of their voices; while on the street Abase by, the horses are stuck fast,,the driVers shouting, horse's hoofs slipping on . the smooth, wet stones—all this with the ,:ceaseless cry of the eight or nine auctioneers, makes such a confusion as is seldom heard outside of Billingsgate.. watched the boxes and barrels both before and behind :me, and made my way out very carefully, after taking a survey of the place. „ IV. M. ; REV. DR. HIOKOK r (0. BO The Rev. ,Dr. Hickok, of Scranton, Pa., was taken with , a paralytic stroke in the pulpit, last . Sabbath evening, the-13th -inst.: 'ln closing his , sermon, it was observed that he spoke somewhat unnaturally ; biit he offered- a very short .prayer, afterwards; gave ottt gumber- ofthe . , ~ bir ymip be sung, without reading it, beckoned to a physi cian in a pew before him and sat down. The physician Went to hi Hickok said : " I am is immediately, when Dr. 'parilyza---have the con ' 1 These were the last words One of the elders an the Dr., and said the con without the benediction. it places arrested by great while their pastor was car py his friends. tprned from Europe but ere he went as a delegate finch of the Presbyterian 1 Assemblies of Scotland in good health; but re es, probably, with too much ..•.- of five months. His con ,.. his physicians as very gregation dismissed." be Was able to Speak., nounte.o4,lllness of! gregation would retir All, however, kept t solicitude and interes ried from the church Dr. Hickok had three weeks since, w from the Old School church, to the Gene and Ireland. He wa sumed his pastoral du absorption, after a rec dition is regarded !sterei..the communion in I ived seven new members the evening, he preached we-have fnot aligh-priest fed with the feeling of our All points tempted like as •n. , 'Let us , therefore_come re of grace, ithat we may ob !, grace to, he'p in , time of (assurance for-a servant of ic ministrations with. • . Dr. ,Hiakok. adni the morning, and re to the church. In Trout the. words: "F which cannot be•toue infirmities.; but Was. .we are,-yet without: boldly 'unto the thro./ min mercy, and fi. need." . A beautifu _God:to close his pu. ',PALESTINE. No. XIV. LETTERS FRO D PAYSON, HAMMOND• = BY'RtV: EDWA ~ .. . This. I think urna be my last letter from the Holy Land. Very iaany • objects of -deep inter est hate claimed on :attention of which. I have not had •time to write.:.; .- - . . When we reached , Jaffa the 13th of December, it had been just a 'synth since we left Beyrout. 0 hoW much we hart seen and learned in those thirty. days! We '' ight have, spent years in reading: the most . c itical .commentaries on the word .of God and ye not hate i learned as much as during• our the Holy Land. . 1 We had nodiffie4ty in settling with.our,Drag oman Michael Hany.. He lept al' his promises; our party of four paid. him five poundal - end five shillings4v day, and iwe had all we. could rea.soria bly have desired: Our food.wae. bead than. we had in many. Ooritineittal Hotels. Eighteen horses and mules were required' to--carry 113 and all that was needed for our long journey. We were glad we paid our gciod. Dragoman all he asked, for we 'should have .had no conscience .to. have urged him to a lower- price. If we were going again• , through`Palest:me , we would telegraph to Bejrout and secuWl - lichael. If not going thoughthadeserk'AMoild not on any account take a dragoman in Alexandria. While .in that city we were constantly besieged with dragomen who insisted od our reading:their credentials, but we were glad that we had not been persuaded to take them andhad waited until we reached Bey rout: . : . '; ' • - _ Our bronzed-faced muleteers and <servants had become quite endeared to, us, and when we gave them some tokens of our affection, `at parting they kissed our hands and seemed quite over come with emotion.; Antoine, the youngest, of about fourteen years, had often amu.ed us with his broken English• and curious antics; though be: walked nearly alt the way he never seemed tired. Selim,.Miclael's son, was: a fine young man, and would have liked to go with us to America. Sullimarriwhol had: been a servant to Dr. Barclay, formerly American consul at Jeru salem, had. exalted ideas of America and a' great desire to go there. Mustapha the Musslutuan, the dignified owner ofAhehorses, appeared some what moved when he saw us really stepping into the boat. W_e_did-noLfamet to bid_our horses good, bye as we save ,them a firtal crust of bread. My wife willeoiip : trietpoo: l )-artifii with her noble Charlie, 'who hh.d i iie‘ei made a misstep all the way, and was tWe'l fileet •horse of the party. 'We were all saddenett 'at - the -thought of parting with both men and ii ones. But bow to get from the shore to the ship be gad:A° absorb our attention:: There is no harbor at Jaffa, and many alife has been lost in rough weather in trying to get to and from the steam boats. The so-called harbor we foUnd full of rocks, but our 'boattben' succeeded, though the breakers were high, in getting between the rocks in safety to the boat. We were. specially grate ful-to God 'that -our journeythroug,i the Holy Land was accomplished'and we were all on board a good steatherliomeWurd bound. We found it necessary to , wait several hours before weighing anchor. • Let us now-from. the • ship--take a bird's eye `view: :Of • ; ' ' ' - •'• Those who.have been there will agree with me that "distance lends enchantment to the view." From this distance its appearance is pleasing, but who would wish' toclive in such a city?. No _sidewalks.; crooked, filthy, slippery,streets ; housds fall huddled, together, ; an- , incessant , tumult of boys, dogs and, donkeys •with only one gate, and that,so crowded that lit is with no little difficulty. ; we force our way through. : Q how, often have I thought of my old class on'ate, Rev. Samuel ,j , ,essup, Jiving in Sidon, a r place , not.-much ,more. Attrivntive in -appearance,. carkff..ef 460x:other in Beyreut, foritlwone object of seeking to win souls to Christ. Jaffa is bit a swill city of some 5,000 inhabitants, 1000 of JA_TPA wham are Christians, 150 Jews, and the rest Moslems. There we learned THE MEMORY OF DORCAS was still venerated. On the 25th of M'ertrgireat number form a procession and proceed into the country to the so-called, " House of Tabitha," a mile distant from the town. We were glad to sit quietly and look at Jaffa rather than to be obliged to walk about its filthy streets. We were tired of oriental cities with incessant barking of their dogs. If dogs were as numerous in Bible times as now, we do trot wonder that so frequent mention is made of them, and that so often they are compared to fierce and - wicked men, as in 'the Messianic Psalm (xxii, 16,) " For dogs have compassed me about, the assembly of the wicked have enclosedme, they pierced my hands and my feet." As these dogs have no owners, but sleep where night overtakes them and:live by plunder, so those wli6se natures" have' not heed changed are living without' 'a lioine, wanderers "without God and without hope in the world," to whom 'the words are addressed, "Will a Man.-:..rub Una ? yet 'ye have robbed me." In DamascUs especially we heebeen constant ly tormented with the constant barking and fighting of the dogs. Among the ruins of Jez, reel we found a great number of the cabin e species, ionic of which looked fierce enough' to have been , desceedants of thelones that ate up 'Jezebel. In the days of the prophets there must have been another race than these' animals, for in speaking of unfaithful watchmen on the walls of Zion he calls them " dumb dogs that cannot- bark," yea lie says " they are greedy dogs that cannot have enough." (Isa. lvi. 10.) The race of dumb dogs" in Palestine mast have become extinct; for - We never found-any such. God grant there may not be found any " dumb dog s " on the' walls of Zion ! Rather 'may they everywhere heed GOd's command, "Cry aloud;spare not, lift up thy voice like a Unit:4)a, and show my PcOple their tiansgitssions,. aid the house •of Jacob theii sins." (Isa..lviii. As we sat there on deck looking at Joppa we thow7ht of the time when Jonah " fled froin the preience 'of the Lord and went to JOppa," where he found a ship gbii% to Tarshiat. God followed him' and brOuolt him baCk to the Per formance of his unpleasimt mission to the people of Nineveh. • In that harbor before us once lay the floats of pines and cedars from the sides of Lebanon. (2 Chron. xi. 16.) There, at the foot of, those sand hills before us, it was, that four thousand hriman beings were slaughtered at the command of Napoleon.: br Porter thus describes that ter nple seeue. the, 44th.. of *arch,lp9„ Jaffa was invested by the French under Napo leon. In two days a breach was made by , the cannons and declared practicable : The town was carried by storm and delivered over to the hor rors of war, which never appeared in a form more frightful. During that scene of slaughter a large part of the garrison, consisting chiefly of Albanians, took refuge in some old khans, and called out from the windows that they would lay down their arms provided their lives mere spared; but otherwise therwould fight to the last ex tremity. Two officers, Eugene Beauharnois and Crosier, Napoleon's own aides-de cathp, agreed to the proposal, and brought them out disarmed in two bodies, one consisting of 2500 men and the other of 1500. On reaching the head-quar ters Napoleon, received them with a stern de meanor, and expressed his highest indignation :against his aides-de camp, for attempting to.en cumber him with such a body of prisoners in the faini-hing condition of his army..: The prisoners were made to sit down in front of the tents, their hands, tied behind their backs. Despair has al ready pictured in every face,• for the relentless frown of the, general and .the gloomy whispers of the officers could not he mistakin. . But no cry Was uttered, nod semblance of cowardice ex hibted. With the calm resignation characteris tic of the Moslem spirit and faith they yielded to their fate Bread arid water were served out to them, while a council of war was summoned to. deliberate.: For two days the 'terrible question of life-or death was debated. Justice, 'common hu manity, were not without their advocates ;' but savage barbarity, under the bailie of political ne cessity, prevailed. The committee to whom the matter was referred-unanimou s ly reported that they should be put-tO death, and Napoleon' immediate ly signed the fatal order l On the 10t1r,of March the frightful tragedy was brought to a close. The whole of the prisoners were marched down to the sand hills On the emit firmly fettered ; and, there they were arranged in small squares for ex -ecutiori, The French soldiers mere draMn up in front with a full supply cif 'ammunition. A few minutes were allowed the victims to prepare for death. In the stagnant pools among which they were placed they performed their ablutions ac cording to the rules of their faith; and then ut ,tered a few words of prayer. Taking, each other's hands, after kiving placed- them on their. hearts and lips, they gave and received an - etern i ll. adieu. They made a last appdal---tmt to the humanity of. Frenchmen ; for- that they saw would be useless, but to the,capitulation by which their ( lives had .been, guaranteed. The-, only answer they heard mas;the. command Sex! .thee soldiers-to : fire. Volley !after 'volley, Nas-:poured in., upon__ them. For hours together nothing was heard but the rattle of musketry and the shrieks of the wounded and dying. One young man burst his bonds, threw himself among the horses of the French officers, and embracing their knees, ha plored them to spare his life. No wild Bedawy of the desert could have resisted such an appeal ; yet Frenchmen sternly refused, and be was bay oneted at their feet. An old chief, slightly woun ded, had strength enough left to hollow out with his own hand a rude grave in the soft sand; and there, while yet alive,- he was interred by his fol lowers—themselves sinking into the arms of death. After the massacre had lasted some time,, the horrors that surrounded them shook the hearts of many, especially the younger part. Sev eral broke their bonds, dashed into the sea, and swam to a ridge of rocks beyond the reach of shot. The troops made hig,its to them of peace; and when they-dame hick murdered them! Four thousand human beings were thus butchered ; but the vengeance of Heaven followed their murderer to the rocks of , St. Helena." I am sorry to close this 'letter with such sad voids; but' it is already too' long; and we must now 'fart' with the land of ' the Bible and the , hone - of Jesus. KID-OLTVED REFORM. • Why is it that 304:ailed: respectable men and writers, are so often fowl enlisted against the only, Temperance measures likely to prove suc cessful? That the distiller, the wholesale dealer, and the tapster„, who supply the public, and indi viduals with. in.toxicating drinks, should oppose whatever is likely , to place their craft in danger, is to be expected. But it•is from the so-called respectable class_that the advocates of Temperanc e Continually meet the most serious obstacles to re form. If the aid of legislation, for instance, be sought to repress the increase of the dens where the vicious resort fOr their gross indulgence and obstreperous riot, the &Fge from the respectable opponents, ,is, that , temperance ,men "are endea voring to make society moral by law." When en deavoring to restrain the flood of intoxicating. driok thatis being poured forth around us, " why they,sre for restricting individual freedom and tyrannically deciding who shall and who shall not drink kglass.of wine." ", There ire few persons , of intelligence and ed uc,ation,'' says ,one of these genteel moralists, "who are not tronbled, every day by the feeling that they do too little for the promotion of human happiness and virtne„ Even the most besotted votary,of fashion feels now and then little twing,- es of remorse when { be sees, how much drunken. ness and, poverty , and,ignorance and vice there is about him..aod thinks how little he does to les sen Of course the' ;snore highly cultivated a person's moral nature the acuter will these panp be." Alas I for all true progress and the real " pro• motion of human happiness and virtue," if these occasionally troubled feelings of the intelligent and educated, and the little twinges now and then of the •. votaries of fashion" were all to whieli society could look,for its elevation from crime anti misery I In fact, more than most others, it is these very classes, the votaries• of fashion and the intelke• tually moral, that present barriers inst:ad of aid , , to social reform. Further on the same writer denounces legal opposition to the spread of intemperance on land. er ground, viz: " that this is not the way God ill tended the work to be done." He then submits as a remedy for this InightY evil of ours a theory (not quite original) of hie own. It is, in his own language, " to be put down by the voluntary efforts of those who hate it, work ing- through pure living, pare literature. pare teaching, through the ponstant practice of hu manity, through care in the education of childra --the Abundant supply for the poor and weal: refining and civilizing influences." This, dear reader, is something pleasant to wite and agreeable to read. But it is indeed only the .old theory that has always seemed promising . , 0 3 paper. Yet for the absolute over -mastering or .huge abomination, that has to this hour bufliell the- ablest of statesmen and the most ardent of philanthropists, it has proved utterly inadegtutte , It is worse than absurd r it is criminal. It argues on the part of him who advances it, either a position to, belittle the magnitude of the evil '° question, or, unpardonable ignorance of the iDs' and the agencies .whose pleasure - and gain it is"' keep this heinous immorality alive among it'• The suggestion that reformers are in too Oh baste generally; that it were better to ao" ,t ' ." God's processes,"—a somewhat strange. it . n ` irreverent manner of expressing limy be answered by the remark, that tiir.,al; man to argue against progress, however rapl4,•lo science or in the arts, would surely subject 11 .. a queer nu, to, the ridicule or pity of most intelliffmni Whence , then, comes . this . strange apprehee'l _that society may becoine moral too soon. In corielnaicin, What society most needs is ,u re Surely, otipenetitst4).reform; not twinges ?l a. morse in the.votaries of fashion, when co ll. "! iv perchance, by some.special spectaclet, woes; or troubled feelings, merely. fro! 'quarter, but, pure and elevatedexample and tt Heat efforts for its irepilivenient. Neither 11 " actite - pan t o* ige of the the highest cultivated 1115; nat ~, least public benefit, so log sufferer continues , to allay them in aoN of mentiof hostilityh ~t ose, who arc fatly in the"field - ' I reform. prac t a ••1..: -iniareprei3eration' or over-nervousiii, •. laws be too actively enlisted in the rel'r e- • ')i vice. F. l'
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