| IMte’jf Sairfe. I AW IXftOBY IN HEBREW EXEOESIS. |Kerr. The Jewish Church in its Relations'toTh% I Jewish Natign and to the “ Gentiles;’’ or the Peo -1 pie of the Congregation in thfift "Relation to the People of the Land, and to the People of the Lands. By Rev. Samuel C. Kerr, M. A. Cincin | nati : Wm. Scott. l6mo. pp. 237. For sale by, J. S. Claxton, Phila.; / t > The object of this essay is to determine definite ly the composition of the Jewish Church, and the relations of foreigner# and ■their'-descenSSifts in the land of Palestine, to. the- Church, and to give, as nearly as possible, the .equivalents, in English, of the terips used, both in the Hebrew and in the for these classes iof persons. The author, by a thorough and ex tended induction of instances, seems to make very blear the ofVthe di'stiotion be tween “proselytes of the gate" and “proselytes of ighteousness,” hitherto regarded as a matter j t»f tradition 0n1y.,. Many .passages .of the Old Testament acquire new force, .and many seeming Inconsistencies are removed from the text, by ob ■ jßerving these distinctions; hitherto bve’rlbdkeiFahd Confounded by translators and commentators. The I or also endeavors to show that there was ic Jewish, Church within the Jewish nation, 1 upon a spiritual change—regeneration— ell as marked by outward ordinances and re- Bsliips, whose members were “Hebrews of Hebrews,” —“the people of the congrega ” The bearing of this discussion on the tion of infant baptism, as 1 defended from cir sision, is important; and the autHdr is of the ion that it leaves no room £or,any, sjxch thing avery irt the lichrew ComtiSotfvrCalth. r hile we doubt whether every thing regarded he author as involved in liis exegetieal re i is indeed to be foundltliCre-,! we unbesita ly accord warm praise to his diligent efforts ucidate from theoriginal, important and hith-, obscure Scripture truth, and we commend his : as a highly creditable* additibn to the eh of scientific theology to which it belongs, book will be sent, post-paid, for $1.50, mailed e author, Box 10S7, Cincinnati, Ohio. irds of Five Years. By Grace Greenwood, islon : Tieknor & Fields. 16mo. pp. 222. For e by J. B. Lippincott & Co. Dthing comes from the pen of this gifted au sss, that is not eminently readable. Fine ag, keen observation, freshness and vivacity, ,o say boldness of style, with a choice of s which shows a: knowledge of human i>a and a soul alHflive to the grand 1 issues which jountrymen. have been; settling during'..the; ve years covered by these “ Records,” must com lend them to general regard. The piety and the it are, however, often rather superficial; some of he pieces, perhaps we should say, parts of some, re little more than what a woman of culture and ~ „ | nA— a ft I CS f> y. iw. o vt. ;W&iau.!a. • u ttv.* no* conversation. . The volume is divided into two ijarts—“ln Peace;” “In War.” M. F. K. Smith. The Sparkling Stream. Temper ance Melodies. Compiled by M. F. K. Smith. New York: Clids. M. Tremaine. This is a large collection, with music in four parts, and, in some f *otis6s, with instrumental ac companiment. It'-includes suitable pieces for Sons of Temperance, Bands of Hope and Family ■Entertainment. .It is handsomely executed, and appears well adapted, for. the important purpose [contemplated. Household Reading: Selections from the Congre gationalist. 1849—66. Boston: Galen, James & Co. Bvo. pp. 498. We doubt whether any religious paper in the land has ccntained a more uniformly readable, entertaining, stimulating and well-written run of articles on every one of its. four pages, than has the Congregationalist. It ias had the good for tune to secure a very large number of contribu tors, admirably adapted for religious newspaper writing; men and women, who have been instruc tive, pious, evangelical, withojit being ponderous and bookish; who have had command of pic turesque elements, striking narratives, and raci n'ess and vivacity of style, and, in short, have represented some of the best phases of the New England mind. During the war no newspaper, secular or religious, had a correspondent, who, all things considered, excelled Chaplain Quint. Its contributors to the Juvenile Department have been thoroughly competent to their impor tant task. Its poetry has been of a high order, and the well-known piece entitled, “No sect in Heaven," the popularity of which is not confined to this continent, was first published in its col vfrnns. There, too, Gail Hamilton began her ex traordinary and somewhat meteoric career. The volume before us is made up of selections from the more popular of these very popular pieces, and is given as a premium for subscribers to that enterprising and prosperous journal. We hope both the volume and the paper may enjoy a wide circulation. PAW CHLETS AND PERIODICALS. Blackwood, for January, contains : Oar Na val Defences, Where are They ?—full of humilia ting concessions and complaints, with compari sons suggested by our recent great advances in naval matteVsj Nina Balatka, concluded; Sir William Parker, the Admiral of the Fleet; a biographical sketch of “ the Last of Nelson s Cap tains,” who died last November ; Uonington’s Translation of the JEneid, with a sketch of pre vious English translations,-f|tvqTab|e. to :Gomngj[ ton, yet declining b promfee a’longfease of fepu THE AMERICAN PRESBYTERIAN, THURSDAY, I FEpRUARY 21, 1867. larity to the version; Cornelius O’Dowd writes some clever things on the Pope, the Fenians, Genteel Mormons, and Fiction Writers not equal-to his best; Capt. Cheney gives the Cam paign in Western Germany; Women and Chil dren in America : a very ■ absurd tirade a la Blackwood,- based upon false and exaggerated views of the somewhat unfeminine traits to be ob served atnong the softer sex in our country. One of the; assertions of the writer is; that if no seat p offered to a lady in a crowded vehicle,tsh'e goes boldly up to some .gentleman iu possession, “and informs him; without periphrase, that’she'wants his seat! ” Philosophising o'n such' facts may be very able, but what are the results worth? “ Brownlows, Part 1.,” a New Tale; “ Who are the Reformers, and what do they want ?” Politi cal. Littei.l’s Living Age for February 9th, con tains eighteen selected articles, with Poetry. “ The Obstructive President "from “The. Spect ator,” puts the case of Mr. Johnson very forcibly, The Sabbath at Home for February. The American Tract Society, Boston, have issued the second number of this magazine, which is well adapted for the purpose designed; and yet might be made still more so. A sufficient number of talented writers could, we think, be secured, to make the enterprise not only laudable, but thor oughly taking. “All for the Best," “ Wasted Sunshine," and “ Thfe Honorable Club,” are good pieces; but several of the selections are decided ly dull. We hope the Society -will improve in carrying out their idea,, which is undoubtedly ex cellent. 1.1TE8.48Y IMTEIXIOEXCE. Germany. - Theology. “ Christianity and Positivism,” a small French treatise, by the anonymous author of treatises on Religion, Pure and Undefiled, on Prayer, on the Religion of the Bible, &c., is highly commended as an antidote to the baneful influences of Comtebm. It has been translated ..into German.— 11 Bi,ble and Na ture, being Lectures on the Mosaic ‘History, and its Relations, to the facts of Natural .Science,” by Dr.®: H, Reiisch', Proifessotiat flJpnni &d Edition, i The author is a Roman Catholic, but has done good service to the cause of inspiration.——Divini ty, Freedom, Immortality, by L. Feuerbach Leipsic, pp. 293; Advanced Hegelianism, Pan theism, qualified with gross materialism, repro duced, after some years, in a new form, and with a new title Pressense’s Life, Times and Work of Jesus Christ,” has been translated into German. The Second Edition of “ Outlines of Church History, for the Higher Schools of Evan gelical Churches,” by. Dr. Wipperman, is an nounced and commended; The Confessions of Augustine, have been newly translated into Ger man, and, with a brief sketch of his life, been published, in Frankfort. Dr. Burkhardt, Keep-- er of Archives, in Weimar, lias anew the Letters of Luther, including. ■ D.e s Wctte scarcely attempted to give, ih'e letters to LufheV, necessary a cmnplej,e. 'understanding fof the Correspondence. .Nearly 300 new letters are embraced in this collection.—Memorials "of the Life and Work of J. M. Rautenberg, Pastor St.- Owgirts-lir nnurom-gj- uamvutgr^u cy of the Rough House.” Besides the interest attaching to a life ol Christian beauty, these memorials show their subject in connection with Twesten and Schleiermacher, and with Wichern’s beginnings a.mon£the_,.dep rayed youth of ILiui : purgiiTnd with.the:lnner Missioo'itseli. Ihe au thor deft some choice poetry, which. hasralspLeen published.——To a very considerable German Literature on the subject of Conscience, com mencing .with.'Schenkefs Systenf of Theology, with Conscience as a Centre,” and continued By Auberlenj Kaehlef, Giieder, and Vilmar, an addi tion has .lately been' made by Dr. R: Hoffmau, Professor and University Preacher, at Leipsic. His book bears the title “ The - Doctrine of Con science.” “ Judaism in Palestine, at the Time of Christ,” another work of value by a Roman Catholic Professor (Lahgep,);at:: Bb.nn. It aims to meet the questions now agitated about the Per son and Work of Christ, and recognizes the ser vices of Protestants in che same field. The second edition of Ueberweg’s “ History of Phi losophy fronp Thales to the Present,” is an-: nouueed at Berlin. Also a second and im proved edition of Dr. H. Ulrici’s “God and Na ture,” a defence of the belief in a personal God, against the theories of Modern Spience. The second volume‘of Prof. J.E: Erdinann’s “ Plan of the History of Philosophy,” embracing Modern Philosophy has been published at Berlin. It comes down; to the present time. It contains 812 pp. Bvo.,&nd ishighly commended. ; fjluml f cmtmttg. IMMIGRATION OF PLANTS. Whenever a new country is settled, the character apd quality of the incoming set tlers vp.ry in accordance with a tolerably definite law of progression. The settlement of Rome, of Yeniee, and of Virginia all il lustrate the working of this law; the build ing up of the towns on the banks of the Mississippi, the peopling of California, and of the metalliferous territories of the Rocky Mountains, are recent instances in point. At first, a generation of horse-thieves and desperadoes of every grade —men who have most emphatically 7 left their own countries for their countries’ good —rush in. These men are commonly, but unjustly, reputed worthless, even as first occupants of a wild territory. As pioneers, they are redeemed by their intense vivacity; taken in mass, they can endure and live through vicissitudes and hardships such as are 'supported by no other human beings excepting galley-slaves. These first comers not only drive away or destroy the original native residents, but they bear the brunt of that inevitable war fare with an unfamiliar nature which is so harassing to colonists. Speculators, more or less honest and enterprising, quickly follow' upon the horse-thief’s steps, and these in turn make room for the com monplace farmer with his traditions of law l and habits of morality. Thus the new land soon ceases to be a Yale of Gehenna for the 'bn man f- the. world; w The TTnited State’s are always cited as a remarkable instance of this admixture of all sorts of elements poured forth from other lands: to the average English essayists on America, this country is still a simple sink wherein are gathered the scum and offscour ings of other nations. The American, on the contrary, likes tc think of this mass.of frag ments as in’tbe act of being shaken in the great kaleidoscope of there to as sume incessantly new form's' of 'beauty. Meanwhile the naturalist finds in ‘this’un- : wonted commingling of diverse germs and atoms a mew field of research,’for it was not with human life alone that the new..country is freshly, stocked. With man came in a multitude ofplants and not a few animals. As regards animalsi the laws of are not Obscure, for from the mice in the first meal-bag up to the'camols of the plains—from the huge elephant to the flea in the blanket—the imported animals-are' most ly mere parasites, hangers-on toman where everhe may be. Man’purposely carries ceiy tain animals to his new horhe. It is quite, possible that, in the course Of time, house-' sparrows, and even skylarks afid red-breasts;, may come to us from Europe, but in all cases of the importation of animate, the direct; and usually the intentional, intervention of man is apparent. With plantsj’ho'weVer; the' case'is different': their ini migration is iride peiident of man’s volition. In! the Eastern States of ( this country there have long been firmly established some sixty or seventy species of vile weeds, which haye come Over to us from Europe. A list of'these weeds, would' include 'such questionable characters as the ox-eye daisy, the thistle,!and the bar berry bush. When shall we hivve the daisy proper and gorse. as well ? Bejsides the nu merous representatives of pernicious classes of plants,’we have a host of Kbuest foreign grasses ahd clovers, and many imported' flowering plants. It has been! reported 0 f late that the heather has come over to live among us, patches.of it having been' found wild in Massachusetts and Newfoundland. Every where along the Atlantic border the indigenous plants of the country! are rapidly yielding to the inroads of imported species, in the same 1 way that the red man upon the frontier is disappearing before the advancing white. At the Natural History Spciety of Bos ton, Dr. Sprague descants upon the singular fact that the weeds which broadcast around the New Englander’s djbdr are all of foreign origin; the weeds of native'growth being now confined almost exclusively to un improved lands. At Philadelphia, bnithe other hand, Prof. Porter informs the philosophical Society that foreign plants • which were re cently esteemed by botanists to be; rare have already taken such complete possession* of the valley of the Susquehanna, ;bat the time may soon come when a large ; part of the flora of that region will have an essentially, foreign character. A spcciallj'inotcworthy locality is mentioned by Prof. Bprter as ex isting on a reclaimed portion of the bank of the T)elaware, below the Yarclmb where at least ninety species of Perhaps sev enty genera of plants have beer discovered, belonging for the most part to the flora of the Garolinas, Florida, and otheii Gulf States as..far west as New Mexico, And some of. them being Western plants. This colony of plants is divided into two groups, growing upon the two banks of a narrowfiagobn, one bank consisting of heaps of 'refutje dirt from the city, and the other composed of ballast thrown from vessels trading eoa6twi.se with the port. Some of these botanical waifs have been found also growing oripmilar ac cumulations thrown upon the Opposite or New Jersey shore. > I The ways and methods of importation by which the foreign plants arrive and the means by which they are disseminated are manifold. Botanists have remarked the growth bf strange German weeds around the hovels of newly-arrived German immi grants, and many observers' Have noticed the introduction ofplants from/the'dust and rubbish obtained in cleaning foreign rags and wool at paper-mills* and factories. Rail roads, according to Prof. Porter appear to be one of the most active agents ii the process of naturalization. ; , IcifltUltf. FORMATION OF MOUNTAINS AND, 00NTI : NENTS. I _ ')■- from agassiz’s lecture on ameiscca The oldest part of that jeontinent is the table land of Guayana. It, is as old, proba bly 7, as the northern portions of our continent. North America! compares in a striking manner with : Sputh America, both in form and geological constitu tion, and 1 shall allude repeatedly to the physical features of our continent with a view of giving a more precise idea of the continent of South America, ,as I take it for granted that .the aspect of this continent is more readily known. The next oldest part of the continent is the table land of Brazil, the youngest is this, (pointing to the Andes.) It is of compara tively recent date, and presently I shall Show 7 you how geologists have succeeded in determining the relative age of different mountain chains. There was a time when Guayana existed as an island, when the ta ble land of Brazil existed as an island, but when the whole range of the Andes did not yet exist. The ocean has probably swept be tween these two islands from the Atlantic to the Pacific, just as with us there was a time when what constitutes Canada and the whole extent of the land to the north of the great Canadian Lakes was a large island, stretching from Labrador in a direction west ward to the Rocky Mountains, When no other part of the continent of North Ameri ca existed. .... ... The geologists who were charged by this Government with the survey of the mineral landS'-on-Lake.-Superior have established be- yond the possibility of a doubt, that that portion of our continent is the oldest, and that it was at one time an extensive island, oblong, narrow in the direction from north to south, extensive in the direction from east to west;, that is, a large island extend ing in an east-westerly direction was at one time the only portion of North America whiqh existed, or which arose above the level oif .the sfea, and the titne when it existed in this isolation \vas anterior to that during, which our eoal deposits have been formed. At a later time another, traet of oar Northern continent has been .raised, the Alleghenies, and so the Continent of North America became, as it were an open triangle a:T,.the northern lands extending in ah: east-westerly direction’fthe Green and White mountains,) and the, Aileghanies in a north-east south-westerly direction; but there were no Rocky mountains, the land was open and falling off toward the Pacific, just as in South America the land was open to the west, there being no Ahdbs at- that time. You see, then, tljat our portion of the con-, tinenthas been built by three great geologi cal occurrences; first, by the up-heaval—'and what I mean by up-heaval I shall explain presently—by the up-heaval of the lands trending in the direction of the Canadian lakes; then by the up-lieaval of the land trending,in the direction of the Alleghenies; and then the up-heaval of the Eoc,ky Moun tains—so the triangular shape of the conti nent of North has been formed. Now ; y6u see there is something similar to that, in slightly . modified proportions, in South America, Gruajmna corresponding to the Canadian; high-land, the table land, of Brazil corresponding to the Allegheny re gion, and the Bocky Mountains to the An des; ‘ 1 :r - The manner in which these up-heavals have taken place is well understood by geol ogists ; and yet 1 fear that, I might not be able to explain with sufficient precision the formation of the valley; did ! not make a few general statements with reference to these up-heavals. While our earth was cool ing from the state of primary igneous fusion, it naturally shrunk ; for every body knows that materials in a heated state are larger than when cool. A bar of iron red hot is longer than when cold, and the same bar stretches when it is heated; and contracts when it is cooled. Now suppose our , earth to be cooling, the material of which it con sists will contract, and the crust upon its surface will necessarily collapse; and, in consequence of this subsidence, it will shriv el, it ; will fold itself, and these folds will form irregularities, and these irregularities, pressing upon the materials below, which are still in a state of igneous fusion, deter mine a flow from within of those which may burst through the crust of the earth and may cause all sorts of disruptions and irregularities. i: _ . of melted materials within, finding their way out through the solid crust, or solidified;, which, in consequence of the shrinking of the surface, is thrown into wrinkles and forms and all sorts of irregularities. We can tx-ace"these'charigeS\Vithgi-eatml'nxLtenosß,~ and there arc some tracts of our country and some tracts of Europe in which all the de tails of this formation of mountains have been ascertained with mathematical: preci sion. The first data- concerning this mode of mountain formation were traced by the greatest geologist of our age, Leopold Von Bueh, a German geologist, in the JuraMoun tains, on the’shore of the Lake of iS'eufcha tel. There are these facts which indicate and illustrate the geological formation of our earth, with such a degree of neatness that those mountains may be. considered as a geological museum, containing a'great-mass of instruction for. all who may visit them. It has been,! during fifteen years, my good fortune to live there, to teach geology there, and to bring my classes to the examination of those hills; and I know that anyone who has once crossed the Jura must understand how mountains are formed, because the facts there are so plain that it is impossible to overlook ithem> or ;to withstand their evi dence. - NATIONAL. BANK OF THE REPUBLIC, 809 and 811 Chestnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. Capital, $500,000. Fully Paid. DIRECTORS: JOSEPH T. BAILEY, Of Bailey A Go., Jewelers. EDWARD B. ORNE, „ , . „ Of J. F. A E. B. Orne, Dealers m Carpeting?. NATHAN HILLES, , President of the Second National Bank. WILLIAM ERVIBN, Of Myers A Ervien, Flour Factors. OSGOOD WELSH, - ■ • Of s. k IP. Welsh, Commission Merchants. BENJAMIN ROWLAND, Jr Of B. Rowland, Jr., A Bro., Coal Merchants. SAMUEL A. BISPHAM, . „ t » Of Samuel Bispham & Sons, Wholesale Grocers. WILLIAM A. RHAWN, . Late Cashier of the Central National Bank. FREDERICK A. HOYT, . Of P. A. Hoyt k Brother, Clothiers. PRESIDENT, WILLIAM H. SHAWN. CASHIER, JOSEPH P. KTTHFOES. SAMUEL WORK, STOCKS, LOANS, COIN, GOVERNMENT SECURITIES, Bought and Sold on Commission, Ho. 129 SOUTH TMED’ STREET, (Second Floor, Entrance on Book Street,) "PHILADELPHIA. INSURE YOUR LIFE I YOUR OWN HOME COMPAII AMERICAN OP PEtirjAIJBrjF'HIA, S. E. Cor. FOURTH & WALNUT Sts Insurer* In this Company have the additional guarantee of the CAPITAL STOCK all paid up IN CASH, which, together wit* CA SH ASSETS, now on hand amount to $1,516,461 8L Income for the Year 1866, $766,537 80- LOSSES PAID DURING THE YEAR AMOUNTING TO $223,000 00. Losses Paid Promptly. DIVIDENDS MADE ANNUALLY, thus aiding the insured to pay premiumH. *" The last DIVIDEND on all Mutual Polices in force January Ist, 1867, was Fifty per Cent. of the amount of PREMIUMS received during the year 1866. Its Trustees are well known citizens in our midst, entitling it to more'consideration than those whose managers reside in distant cities. . . Alexander. Whilldin, William J. Howard, J. Edgar Thomsdu, Henry K.Bennett, George Nugent, Isaac nazlehurst, lion. James Pollock, : George \V Hill, L. M. WhiUdin, xgy, ' John M. Chestnut, P. B. Mingle, John Wanonioker, Albert C. Roberto. ALEX. WHILLDIN, President. GEO. NUGENT, Vice-President. JOHN C. SIMS, Actuary. JOHN S. WILSON, Secretary and Treasurer. CHARLES G. ROBESON, Assistant Secretary. INDEMNITY FOR LOSS OF LIFE OR INJURY ACCIDENTS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. TffATELERS’ IN SUB AS Cl COMP AN HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT. Cash Capital and Assets, December 1, 1865, >96.888 18. PHILADELPHIA BRANCH OFFICE, 409 WALNUT STREET. The Pioneer Accident Insurance Com- pany in America Where policies are issued covering all and every description ot accidents happening under any circumstances. An institution whose benefits can be enjoyed by the poor man as well as the rich. No medical examination required. Policies issued for amounts from $6OO to $lO,OOO in cases of dewth and from $3 tos*>o weekly compensation in case of disabling injury, at rates ranging from $3 50 to SGO per annum, the cheapest and most practical mode of Insurance known. Policies written for five years, at twenty per cent, diaeount ou amount of yearly premiums. Hazardous risks at hazardous rates. Ocean Policies written, and permits issued for travel in any part of the world. Accident Insurance to persons disabled by accident is like the Sanitary Commission to wounded soldiers ih the field, providing he inean3 for comfort and healing and supplying their wants while prevented from pursuing their usual employment. The rates of premium are less than in any other class of insurance, n proportion to the risk. No better or more satisfactory investment can be made of so mali a sum. Therefore —insure in the Travelers. OLDEST ACCIDENT INSURANCE COMPANY IN AMERICA. J. <x. BATTEIISON, President. RODNEY DENNIS, Secretary. HENRY A. DYER, General Agent. WM. W. ALLEN & CO. General Agents for Pennsylvania, PHILADELPHIA. Removal. THE GIRARD FIRE AMD MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY have removed to their NEW OFFICE, North-east Comer of Chestnut and Seventh Streets, PHILADELPHIA. GEO. W. JENKINS, Manufacturer of choice Confectionery. Every variety of Sugar, Molasses and Cocoanut Candies. 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers