Psttllaittßu*. A SCOTTISH PROFESSOR ON THE AMEEIOAN OHHEOH AND NATION. Address delivered by Eev.Prof. McCosh,LL. E.,D.JD., before the Evangelical Alliance Bath, England, Oct. 18? A. (continued.) FRIENDLY FEELING TOWARD THE MOTHER COUNTRY, I uttered such sentiments as these wherever I went; and wherever I went I had oppor tunties studiously furnished to me that I might utter them. I delivered them in St. Louis to the two influential Assemblies, and in Cincinnati, and New York, and Wash ington and Baltimore, and Boston to large congregations—in Washington before dis tinguisked members of the Senate and House of .Representatives. I had opportunities of speaking them more privately to leading statesmen and generals, including Mr. Sew ard, the Chief Justice, and General Sher man. I introduced the subject in a dozen colleges, with their professors, and their trustees, and their graduates, and their stu dents, constituting the intelligence—the rising intelligence of the country. And wherever 1 expressed them I was met by a hearty response —the echo was ever louder than the voice I uttered, and was reverbe rated from all quarters. I was received with attention and honors which I would have declined imperatively had I thought they were presented to me as an individual; but I believe they were offered to me as one who came from the Old Country to express sen timents of affection, and I received them. In some quiet, academic quarters I may have owed the kindness I received to the circum stance that I was believed to be an expounder of a Bound philosophy, facing the specu lative errors of the day; and it would be af fectation in me to say that I was not greatly gratified by learning the extent to which my works are read there by intelligent peo ple of all professions, and the attention paid to them in Colleges. But I was indebted for the enthusiasm with which I was received in so many places to the circumstance that I spoke words of kindness on the part of Christians in Britain to Christians in Ame rica. 1 was in America when the Atlantic Cable spoke its first words across the ocean. We all felt that day that the two countries were three thousand miles nearer each other than they had been the day before. Blessed be God, the first words uttered were messages of congratulation from the head of the one country to that of the other, and heralded the tidings of the proclamation of peace in troubled Europe 1 I look upon them as an augury of the blessings which that great undertaking is to convey to the nations, to show what combined science, and wealth, and enterprise, taking advantage of the laws of nature —that is, the laws of God— may do lor the cause of human progress. But I showed that in our prayers, which mount instantaneously from earth to heaven, and come back instantaneously in their an swers from God to man, wo have a swifter means of communication than even the At lantic Cable; and that in the mutual affection and sympathy which vibrateand throb from heart to heart in the bosoms of Christians we have a stronger and yet more myste rious bond than the electric flash. By the formation of a branch of the Evangelical Alliance at New York there has been a cable fixed on the American side; I have come here to Bath to see it fixed on the British side. MUTUAL IGNORANCE AND PREJUDICE, Every one knows that there are parties in America who would rejoice in a collision between their country and ours. Now it would be well if we knew who our friends are on the other side of the Atlantic. I have found in the United States a Avondcrful ig norance of the state of things in this coun try, but it does not equal the ignorance in England, Scotland and Ireland of the affairs of the United States. In fact, we have not known who our friends are in that country. Our best friends I invariably found were among Evangelical Protestants of all de nominations, among those who hadinherited the genuine Puritan, or Episcopal, or Covenanting, or Wesleyan, or Baptist, or [Quaker spirit from the old country. These [L found were the persons who were discour aging everywhere the miserable Eenianism or the ambitious democracj 7 , that would seize Canada, or set out on a universal con quest, which would be sure to issue in a uni versal Avar. But then our friends complain, and 1 think Avith some justice, that instead of encouraging them, avo have been in the Avay of ridiculing them in certain portions of the public press. And here I may refer to Avliat I reckon a Aveakness in our Transatlantic brethren. They are sensitive, to an extent that is un- Avorthy of them, of the expression of public feeling towards them in this country. Let me tell them that the portions of the public press that have been ridiculing them are the A 7 ery same that have been ridi culing much that many of us hold dear here ; are they not to a large extent the portions of the public press ihat have thrown con tempt upon the Evangelical Alliance? We have found in this country that we can get on Avith or Avitliout these portions of the press, and so can our friends in the United States. And let me tell our brethren in America that they do not now need to boast that they are a great people, and that they Avould be a greater people if they did not boast of it. If there be a John Bull of an Englishman Avho will not acknowledge them to be a great people, I advise them strongly never to think of arguing with him. The Englishman is not in the least likely to be convinced by their assertions and repeated assertions, but he will sooner or later, aclcnoAvledge it all, provided the Americans go on acting as a great nation, showing- cour THE AMERICAN PRESBYTERIAN, THURSDAY, JANUARY 24, 1867. age and enterprise in maintaining and pro moting the cause of justice and education and religion in their own land and through out the world. THE AFRICAN RACE, I now turn to more general topics. It will be expected, I may presume, that I should say something on the present condi tion of that race which was so long enslaved, but is now free for all time coming. Every reflecting mind secs how the late war was made to turn, not so much by the wisdom of man, as by the Providence of God, round the question of slavery and emancipation. It is true that the Northerners did not start the war on the avowed ground of freeing the slave but on the principle of Union. But all along there was an immense body of people, being, in fact, the Evangelical p'ro testants, to whom I have referred as being our best friends, who prayed and expected that the war would deliver them for ever from their national sin and disgrace. And the war could not be ended as long as it was a mere question of Union. There was de feat after defeat, and the suspension of one general after another, till at length that great and good man —the greatest public man of bis age —instigated and supported by the people, and moved by his own loving heart, issued his Abolition Proclamation, and has ever since held a place in the hearts of the people second only (if second) to their great Washington, and among oncrace will go down through all generations as the greatest man that ever lived. When he was massacred they said, “ They have shot our best friend on earth, and left us only this comfort, that they cannot shoot our better friend up in heaven.” From that day— I mean the day of that memorable Procla mation—the best young men of the country rushed to the contest in greater numbers than ever, and pious fathers and mothers de voted their best-beloved sons with a feeling of joy (“ that day,” said a mother to me, “in which my sons told me that they were about to join the army was the proudest in my life,”) to a cause they believed to be sa cred ; ana great generals were trained for the work ; and the black man took his place alongside the white man in their thickest battles, and the God of battles decided that the great reproach of the country should be wiped away forever. NO SETTLEMENT, EXCEPT ON PRINCIPLES OF JUSTICE, People are ever asking here 'whether the United States are settling down. But let me tell them that the people of that country have no intention of settling down in the sense in -which those who put the question use the phrase. They are a living and a moving people, and they advance like the currents of the sea, by wave upon wave. An age ago we in this country gave twenty millions of our money to set the slaves free in our colonics, and we let things settle down; we looked ho more into them; and'tliispast” year we have been amazed to find that, while we slept, the embers which we had left burst into a conflagration. The Americans may learn a lesson from what befell us in Jamaica. They have given more than we have done for the same cause; they have given not only hundreds of millions of treas=" ure, but the blood of their best sons. And now as an imperative duty, they must see that all this is not spent in vain. God forbid that there should be more blood spilt; hut they cannot shrink from securing that these colored people whom they have emancipated be educated and trained to industry. I confess to you that I have fears as to the destiny of that race. The Anglo-Saxons .ever ready to advance themselves, have not been so successful in advancing other races. In this country we cannot as yet boast of what we have done in the West Indies, the Cape of Good Hope, in Australia and New Zealand, or even among the Celtic Irish, (though I admit we can in regard to the Highland Celts,) for the elevation ofthe peo ple subdued by us. The Americans have certainly made little progress in raising the condition of the Red Indians, who can be taught to read, who can be taught Christi anity, but cannot be trained to habits of agri cultural industry, and are, in consequence, diminishing in numbers (they numbered for merly, I believe,'9oo,ooo, and they are now only about 850,000). Is the same fate to be fall the black race in America? I was grieved to find not only worldly statesmen, but Old School orthodox theologians, pre •dieting that in a century the negro race will disappear in America, and looking on the prospect with complacency! NOT AN INFERIOR RACE I Avas af pains to inquire into the capaci ties of the colored people. I watched them, I con\ T ersed Avith them. I cross-examined those who kneAV their state thoroughly, I worshipped Avith black congregations, Avith no white person present but myself, and per haps a friend or tAvo accompanying me, and I visited black schools at Washington, in Virginia, and at Baltimore. lam sure that I ha\ r e personally examined, in all, between 500 and 1,000 scholars belonging to this race. It is my professional business to study the human mind, and I think I can estimate the capacities of young people; and I am here to testify that the young people brought into schools, in the year that had elapsed since the close of the Avar, had made as much progress in acquiring elementary learning, as persons of the same age in Eng land, Scotland, and Ireland could have done in the same length of time. But it may be asked, l)o you really mean to say that they are equal to us in intelligence? I reply on the instant that I make no such assertion. In certain qualities they are equal to us:— in memory —I may add in music; in quick ness of apprehension and readiness at catch ing your meaning; in learning the elements of instruction, such as reading writing and arithmetic: in all, in short, that can be learned by young people under fourteen years of age or so, they can match ns. They certainly are not inferior to us in docility, affection, and gentleness; I believe it is a fact that, during all that terrible war, when the strongest passions were excited, there was not a single case of a slave massacrcing 1• ° ° his master. Some of them have capacities of a consid erably high order. I have heard a black doctor of divinity preach as clear and judi cious a discourse as I have heard in my own country. But surely no one would expect a race which had been found in a savage state in Africa, and been kept in an enslaved state in America, should be equal in reflec tive powers, in shrewdness, and in power to resist sensual indulgences, to a people which had forages been in a condition of freedom, and in the full enjoyment of education and Christian cultune. I maintain that the col ored people are not at this moment so infe rior to the whites, as the Britons and the Germans were inferior to their conquerors when the Romans subdued our forefathers, even the forefathers of lis, the British and Americans. The elevation of this long down trodden race must be the work of time, and of a process of training continued age after age, till higher brain-povjer, and intellectual capacity, and energy and perseverance of character are produced and made hereditary. But all this, if ever it is to be done, must be begun now. At present;the colored people are not only ready to deceive instruction, but. are enthusiastic aboujt it. According to the latest official information with which I have been favored by jthe Inspector of Schools from the Freedmen’s Bureau, there must, on the Ist of July lust, have been at least 125,000 pupils under|an organized sys tem of instruction. The! schools are sus tained by benevolent associations, under superintendence of the Fnjedmen's Bureau. WHAT THE FREEDMEN ARll DOING FOR THEM- SELVES. It was acknowledged tome by the South erns, that though after the war thefreedmen betook themselves to large pities, and perish ed in thousands—it is said Hundreds of thous ands—they have this lait summer been laboring industriously, commonly on the plantations of their old masters. I was told that they were fast learning the value of the dollar; that they were molt anxious to pur chase property, where smajll pieces of land could be had; and that they were depositing considerable sums in the Sayings’ Bank char tered by Congress last winter. The planters who profess to know their character, did in deed tell me that this taste for education and attention to work will ndt continue. My answer was, that if it exists this year, I do not see why it should not be.found next year, and I added that if there bt a risk ofthe ex isting zeal subsiding, the moj-e need you have to seize the present opportunity. If the present time is not embraced, if the colored people are encouraged and allowed to con tinue ignorant they will speedily sink into habits not only of idleness, but of profligacy and infanticide, from which At will be ail but impossible to reclaim them.' 1 spokcof these things freely to the President of the United States (who graciously granted me an inter view,) to senators, to judges, to Southern ministers ofthe Gospel, and people, as I had opportunity. In particular, I urged the Ibrethren of my own communion, as I met yith them, that, as the Presbyterian Church had always been noted for the interest it had taken in educa tion, so they should move with all their ener gy in favor of the extensionlintothe South of a thorough system qf education for blacks and whites; I said whites, fpr there are por tions of the whites there as ignorant as the blacks. The .reply of the Southerns often was, that they could not wqrk with the Yan kees; upon which I said, ‘Then work for yourselves; but with or vjithout the Yan kees, let these black peoplejbe educated, that they may be a blessing to you.” I showed them that if the colored people need the in telligence and capital of the masters, the masters equally need the labors of a people accustomed to their climate. I told them plainly, that if the Southerns opposed all that the Northerns did, and did nothing themselves, the South would inevitably be exposed to greater evils than had yet come upon it. It was with ineffable pleasure that I was able to express my persuasion that the great body of the Southern people did seem to feel an interest in the physical comfort of the black people; and my decided conviction that, with an educated people, black and white, these Southern States would prosper more than they had ever done in former times, when they had been hindered in their very industry by the incubus of slavery. Any fear that I may have of the colored peo ple dying out in America, does not arise from any native incapacity in the race, but from the prejudice ofthe whites, which may lead them to neglect their duty. Happily the best people of the New England States and in the Western States, and not a few ev en in the Southern States, are alive to the crisis; and let us see that we do not in our ignorance, and to our own injury, throw ridi cule on those who are at one and the same time the most enlightened friends of those formerly in slavery, and the most disposed to live on terms of amity with the people of this country. (TO BE CONCLUDED.) JEBUSALEM. Jerusalem is, perhaps, unlike any other city in the world. The midnight slumber is undis turbed by the shrill voice of the iron horse as he thunders along, proclaiming the march of science, and bearing with a speed swifter than eagle's wings the products of civilization, and the labor of genius. The weary sufferer, tossing through the long watches of the night, is undisturbed by the roll of wheels. The devotee of fashion, the midnight reveler —one who has tarried long at the game of chance, and quaffed that cup which at last biteth like a serpent, and stingeth like an ad der—has no cause to curse the fireman’s trumpet which has startled him from his drunken slumber. The man of literature, who has labored long and sadly, until the night has far waned, to bring from his brain the creatious of his fancy, that his loved ones may be preserved from starvation, will not have consciousness aroused, and his weary mind called back from the holy land of dreams by the roll of the market cart, bringing to his memory that Aurora has already harnessed her horses, and again the burdensome cares of the day must force him to arise. No fire bell tells in which ward of the city the power of destruction is wasting, with more than lightning speed, and implores the strong arm and stentorian voice of the noble fireman to rescue some helpless infant or trembling maiden from the suffocating flames. The weary mother, bending over the cradle of the sick child, is not pained by the hilarity of the theatre-going crowd. There are no brilliantly-illuminated streets —no light to be seen without, save the fitful glimmer of a paper lantern carried by the hand of the soli taiy night-walker. No policeman stands sentinel. The soft light of the moon cannot penetrate those narrow, dark alleys. The daughters of music have been brought low. There is a quiet perva ding these streets, in which the wind even seems faint, and nothing finds utterance save the bark or a dog, the matin bell, and the muezzin’s cry, doleing out his lugubrious summons for the faith ful Mahommedan to arise and come to prayers. And this is Jerusalem, once the joy of the whole earth! And this the spot spread out by Jehovah himself for the eternal dwelling place of his chosen. And these miserable, filthy, poverty stricken and oppressed people, are the descendants of the friend of God —the children of Abraham. Behold the literal fulfilment of the prophecy! See them “meted out, peeled, and trodden down by the worst of heathen; their houses possessed the pomp of the strong has ceased, a'nd their holy places are defiled.” Where now is that magnifi cent temple erected by King Solomon? Yea, “ not oue stone has been left upon another that has not been thrown down.” "Well might the Sa viour say, “ daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me; but weep for yourselves and your children.” “ Yet, behold there has been left a remnant that shall be brought forth, both sons and daughters. For the Lord shall comfort Zion; he will comfort all her waste places. Then, for Zion’s sake, let us not rest until the righteousness thereof go forth as brightness, and the salvation thereof as a lamp that burneth. Fray for the peace of Jerusalem; they shall prosper that love her,” A STRAY REMINISCENCE. I once heard Dr. Lovick Pierce in the midst of one of his unparalleled appeals on the subject of the parsimony of professing Christians, carry his audience through an ordeal like this: “Go out,” said he, “ and look towards heaven and say —0 God! a new year is beginning; we want rain, and wind, and sunshine, the regular order of the sea sons, the fertility of the soil, the germinating quality of the seed, and all these in that harmo nious adjustment of times and relations, that will ensure us a rich harvest, and multiplied bags of cotton. 0 God! scud these, and health, and friends, for we intend to revel upon the good things of Thy Providence; but let it be distinctly under stood that we do not intend to yield a dollar to the support of Thy cause in the earth, until we have feathered our neste to our own liking. At tempt this if you dare,” said the Doctor, “ and you will feel that lightning ought to strike you before you get through with your petition. And yet,” he continued, “this is the plain English of what you are doing!” “ The words of the wise are as goads.” Ijfofatfemtirt#. HATS AMD GAPS. H. S. WALTON’S FASHIONABLE HAT AND CAP STOEE, HTo. 1024 • MARKET STREET. LATEST STYLES, LOWEST PRICES. A Full Assortment of Umbrellas al ways on Hand. 10fi5-6m J. GOOD & SONS, UNDERTAKERS, i No. 921 Spruce Street. ENGLISH AND CLASSICAL SCHOOL, FOR BOARDING AND DAY SCHOLARS, FORTIETH STREET AND BALTIMORE AVENUE, WEST PHILADELPHIA. REV. S. H. McMULLIN, TJtINCII’AL. Pupils Received at any time and Fitted for Business Life or for College. References: B. A. Knight, Esq.; Rev. J. AY. Mean; Rev. Jonathan Edwards, D. D.; Rev. James M. Crowell, D. D.; Hon. Richard 11. Bayard; Samuel Sloan, Esq. SF’ECIAXjTY. HOLIDAY GIFTS. WATCHES, FINE JEWELRY, AND SILVER WARE. REDUCTION IN Please call and examine. Every article warranted as repre seated, at p w PARROTT'S STORE, , HO. 6 SOUTH EIGHTH ST., BELOW MARKET, tO7l-3m PhOAMIPHU. Classical School, 8. X!. Corner of THIRTEENTH & LOCUST STREETS. PHILADELPHIA. B. KENDALL, A. M-, J. H. BURDSALL’S COKTPBOTIOWER Y, ICE CREAM & DINING SALOONS, No. 1122 Chestnut St., Girard How, • PHILADELPHIA. Parties 'supplied with Ice Creams, Water Ices, Roman Punch Charlotte Russes, Jellies, Blanc Mange, Fancy and Wedding Cakes Candy Ornaments, Fruits, Ac., Ac. 1070-Gt DPHILADEIiFHIA. COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE FOR YOUNG LADIES, North-West Corner of Chestnut & Eighteenth Streets. REV. CHARLES A. SMITH, D.D., PRINCIPAL. Circulars may be obtained of S. P. Moore A Co., 1304 Chestnut Street, and at the Presbyterian Book Store, 1334 Chestnut Street. Presbyterian House. SMYTH & ADAIR, manufacturers of SILVER-PLATED WARE, GOLD AMD SILVER PLATERS, 3XTo- 1334 CHESTNUT ST., OPPOSITE U. S. MINT, SECOND FLOOR. FACTORT.-NO. 35 SOUTH THIRD STREET, Philadelphia. 1064-ly ROBERTSON & CO.'S GENERAL UPHOLSTERY, 2>3~0. 1338 Cliestuut Street. Hair, Husk, Straw and Spring Mattresses, WHOLESALE OR RETAIL. Curtains and Shades hung in the best manner. Carpets neatly sewed and fitted. Furniture repaired, re-upholstered and Tar nished. Old Mattresses renovated at 1338 Chestnut Street. SOMETHIN'S NEW. —Prepared'Cork Mattresses, Cork Stuffing or Church Seats, Ac. GYMNASIUM FOR LADIES, GENTLEMEN & OHILDEEN, N.'E. Corner Ninth & Arch Streets. The Institute, which again has been greatly improved lor the coming season, is now open for subscriptions all day and eve nings. Bodily exercise imparts health and strength, and is highly re commended to both sexes and all ages. Terms for instruction, 6 months, $8 00 Terras for Self-practice, 3 months, 500 ■ For particulars, send ior a circular or give us a call. Professors HILDEBRAND & LEWIS. VOTERS' BOARDING SCHOOL FOR YOUNG MEN AND BOYS, FORMERLY A. BOLMAR’S, AT WEST CHESTER, PA. A Classical, English, Mathematical and Commercial School, de signed to fit its pupils thoroughly for College or Business. The Corps of Instructors is large, able and experienced; the course of Instruction systematic, thorough and extensive. M dern Lan guages—German, French and Spanish, taught by native resident teachers. Instrumental and Vocal Music, Drawing and Painting. The scholastic year of ten months begins on Wednesday, the sth of September next. Circulars can be obtained at the office of this paper, or by appli cation to BEHEKTXCE 19air Restorative. WONDER OF THE WORLD! The hair can.be restored and scalp cleansed by ’he use of Bere nice Hair Restorative, manufactured at the Laboratory of H. FRICKE, 930 ARCH STREET. No family should be without it. New Perfume H.OSACR3 DE VTOTOIRE. Tor the Handkerchief. Haa no eujjetior. Manufactured by H. FRICKE, 930 ARCH STREET. PHYSICIAN’S PRESCRIPTIONS CAREFULLY PREPARED AT G. W. HARRIS’ DRUG STORE, NTo. 1320 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 1067-ly 1867. THE SUNDAY-SCHOOL TEACHER. VOLUME SECOND. A LIVE SUNDAY-SCHOOL MONTHLY. Fresh Lessons for every Sabbath in the year, prepared by a master hand.- The best of Contributors, S«Seot Les sons, Colloquies, Geographical Exercises, Foreign and Home S. S. Intelligence. New Music every month. Im proved typography. Increased excellence in every de partment. The course of Lessons for 1867 will be The Second Year with Jeans, Taking selections from the Parables, Conversations an* discourses of our Saviour. . Terms— sl.so per Year, in advance. Single Copies 15 cents. Send for a Specimen Number. Address, ADAMS, BLAOKMEB & LYON, CHICAGO, ILL- Principal. WILLIAM F. WYERS, A. M ? Principal and Proprietor.
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