146 aintrithin wletobtievian apt, foto et evangelist. THURSDAY. MAY S. 1861. NUN W. MEARS, EDITOR ASSOCIATED WITII ALBERT BARNES GEORGE DUFFIELD, JR. THOMAS BRAINERD, I JOHN JENKINS, HENRY DARLING, THOMAS J. SHEPHERD THE REVIVAL OF LOYALTY. One might well be willing to exchange several years of life, at the ordinary rate, for the privilege of having lived during the three weeks which have elapsed since the issue of the President's Procla mation. To behold and to share in the noble en thusiasm which, at a single signal, electrifies the bosoms of twenty millions of freemen, rousing them from ignoble ease and sloth, silencing their petty divisions, and creating an inextinguishable rivalry for the first and foremost place of danger and self sacrifice in the patriot cause, imparts to one's whole life a peculiar value. We feel that we have been translated from the worn paths of old use— from the oppressive air of expediency and self-in terest, from an order of things in which treason was fast ceasing to be a crime, or patriotism to be a virtue—into an heroic age, such as the historic and the epic muse will celebrate for the instruction and delight of future generations of men. We saw and shared in the blessed and unprecedented revival movement of 1858, and thanked God for prolonging our lives to that privileged time; close upon its heels comes a revival of a different cha racter, yet not so far removed in its nature and causal connexions from the first, as might be ima gined; and we cannot but feel how rich is a life which has embraced two such grand movements of the human mind, and has felt itself in full sym pathy with their loftiest manifestations! Yes! we believe the world is, and will be forever better, for these two grand and simultaneous outbursts of feeling and of purpose. How and why the revi val movement of three years ago was a permanent benefit to the world, it is needless to attempt to prove; we will only attempt now to explain how, in our opinion, this revival of loyalty will work a lasting good to the nation and to mankind. The sentiment of loyalty itself is needful and healthful. The respect which the faithful citizen feels for his nation, for the government, and for the symbols of its existence, authority and power, ; is second in its moral value only to the reve rence he rightly pays to God. The acknowledg meta of rightful authority is ennobling, huma nizing, refining; the opposite sentiment of disre spect, of individual caprice, of haughty defiance, is degrading, and barbarizing, and brutalizing in its tendencies. Loyalty is an outgoing of the spiritual nature—the expression of a feeling which belongs to man especially as cultivated and Chris tianized. Conscience emphatically approves its exercise, and places it, as a duty, above every duty but that owed to God. Loyalty to government keys together the principles of men, so far as they relate to their intercourse, in the various spheres of life and business, with each other. It is faith fulness to that great interest, in which the highest earthly interests of all are bound up. It brings vividly before the mind the great, heaven-designee object of government—to provide effectually for the common good,—and so it promotes a disin terested and affectionate regard for the rights of others. It brings into the transactions of common life the high and holy spirit in which the very origin of government was conceived. It throws a certain sanctity around the meanest subject of government, and re-inforces every moral principle brought into play in the social relations of life. Why is England so great as a nation ?—why so peaceable and, for more than a thousand years, so steadily progressive?—why so universally respect ed by enemies, and so trusted in by friends? Why is her reputation for commercial integrity so high, and her whole social system, with all its imper fections, on the whole so thoroughly sound? We answer, because of the devoted loyalty of her Christian people. Because of their truth to their monarch and to their laws. Because they scorn the traitor, even in the ranks of their enemies; because their virtuous men refused to give their bands to Benedict Arnold, while their poets, ora tors, statesmen, and historians vie with each other in the praises of the pure and steadfast Washing ton. And would you behold the present effects of disloyalty in our own country? See it in the dis honored obligations and repudiated debts of South ern communities, States, and individuals, which count by hundreds of millions; see it in unscru pulous seizures and appropriations of Federal pro perty, arms, money, and forts, to the value of other millions; see it in the attempted legalization of piracy by an usurped government which has not been recognised in any corner of the globe, nor legitimated by the very people over whom it pro fesses to rule. There, loyalty is decayed; the pique of disappointed politicians, and the insane purpose, at all hazards to perpetuate and ag grandize a sectional type of society, have usurped its place; a loose "confederacy" is put in place of a national Union; and the narrow bounds of a State are at last to limit the sense of citizenship, the sovereignty of law, and the protection of go vernment. But the revival of loyalty in this section is destined, as we believe, to work a great clearing of the moral atmosphere, and a deepening of every sense of obligation in all the social re lations of men. The majesty of an offended government cannot be exhibited, as it has been for the past few weeks, without restoring some of its faded dignity to the laws. Justice will seize this opportunity Co re-adjust her disor dered robes, to reclaim her half-vacated seat ie all our courts, and to draw her sheathed swotd, and to clothe her brow with salutary terrors to the bad, whom the timidity of her agents has so long emboldened. The miserable, paltering theories set afloat by a false and infidel charity which would shield the criminal from the penalty of his crimes, will vanish like dusky mists befdre the glory of this healthful sunrise. It is Horace Greeley who writes in the last Independent:— "There is a false philanthropy which would enjoin on us not only to love all men, but to love all that men do, or at least to look on it with a catholii3 toleration. Times like these are divinely sent to imbue us with an intense hatred of evil, not merely when it assails our own personal well-being, but when it lives and works in the remotest cor ner of the universe." And will not the.popular mind, roused as it has never before been, to a sense of the majesty of law, and the heinousness of unjustifiable rebellion, be better 'prepared to render duo reverence to that Government which is over all; and to discord, as inadequate and dangerous, those views of the Deity which overlook hie awful justice, and merge his whole moral character into the mildness of An in dulgent parent? Shall we not find in these loyal bosoms, a sentiment easily led to admire that, t3od, whose first concern is for the honor and security, of His vast government, in which the interests of the universe are bound up? Will it not be almost a natural and involuntary impulse in those hearts, to approve of the condign puniihments threatened to all rebels against this government in the Scrip tures? We verily believe a revival of loyalty to a righteous government, will not be found ftivera- Ele to the growth of Universalism. We have been suffering vastly in the church from loose notions of the binding force of cousti tutious, and of official pledges and vows. Family government has degenerated to a mere name. A general restoration of loyalty is urgently needed in all the departments of life. We were rapidly approaching a great gulf of disorder, anarchy and disintegration. We have been rocked by pros perity into slumbrous ease. But now, thank God, the clarion call of the guardians of public order has thoroughly roused us to the impeding peril. Apathy is forever gone. The appeal made to the great sentiment of loyalty has shown that, though sleeping iu the depths of the American heart, it was by no means, dead. If it be but nourished and directed aright by its lawful leaders, and not frit tered away by complaisance towards mere rebels, it will lead us to a better moral era than we have ever yet enjoyed. This result we confidently ex pect. OUR BALTIMORE CORRESPONDENT. This excellent friend is much displeased by our editorial of two weeks ago, entitled "Better than Peace." He thinks it does not breathe the spirit of Christianity, Which is the spirit of peace. Our friend, of course, does not mean to say that all wars are unjustifiable, or that in no case could minis ters of the Gospel consistently stir up the people to war. A just and decisive war is sometimes the surest, if not the only, road to peace. A war wttich is in principle nothing more than carrying out the public police,—i. e., sustaining, the go vernment and the laws when unjustly attacked by a force too great to be overcome by the ordinary peace arrangements,—is, in our view, the most justifiable and necessary of all wars; and the wore Christian a nation is, the more sure it would be to inaugurate such a war, when circumstances de manded it. If' there were no other way to sub due a Baltimore mob than by calling in the whole power of the general government, we feel very sure our friend would be among the first to apply for such aid, and would be willing to sacrifice his own property, if necessary to facilitate the right eous undertaking. Would that be an unchristian proposal? But when a whole section of country is as truly in rebellion against the laws of the land as that mob was against the laws of the city of Baltimore; when federal property, which was as much our correspondent's and ours as any other individual's in the land, is seized and appropriated; when co venant obligations are thrown to the winds, and a federal fortress in peaceful possession of the go vernment is attacked with all the fierceness of open war, and its garrison, with the national en sign over them, compelled to surrender; shall our friend, who professes to be one of the Union loving and order-loving citizens of Baltimore (and we believe him) reprove us for counselling re sistance with all the power of the government to such acts? Is it not resistance to mob law in one case, just as much as in the other? Would not the policy of yielding to the rebels against the general government encourage =Am everywhere; and would not our Baltimore friend feel safer and breathe more freely within his own city, if the majesty of our Constitution were vindicated wherever assailed by disorderly men? We most earnestly hope that our esteemed friend and the people of Baltimore of whom he speaks, will not want to stop and try compro mise" with traitors again before they ally them selves heart and soul with the government. We much rather look to find him and all of his class, in reliance upon God and the righteousness of their cause, throwing themselves forward and la boring to lead and shape public opinion to a posi tive and loyal issue, instead of appearing to hesi tate, and thus giving countenance to those who are in arms against the government. THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY This body meets on Thursday next at Syracuse, and will be opened with a sermon by Rev. T. A. Mills, D. D., the Moderator of the last Assembly. Amid alarm and discord we have the happiness of knowing that no special cause of disagreement in our highest judicatory exists. With great una nimity, and in imitation of the patriotic body whose true successors they are, they can and will express themselves loyally, patriotically, and so lemnly upon the 'National crisis now upon us. They will command the regard of all lovers of their country by the clearness of their utterances. Upon the general methods of carrying on the ac tive operations of the denomination, they will be even more unanimous than heretofore. Some de tails of the plans on which we are to work may give transient embarrassment, but they will be a body of men so cordially agreed and with such a thorough understanding of each other as to lead ing points, that they. will not suffer minor con siderations to distract them. It is probable, in view of these facts and of the prevailing excite ments, that the session will be brief. Let us all accompany it with earnest and hopeful prayer that the counsels there taken may prove for the last ing benefit of the denomination and the Church a large. LETTER FROM STEPHEN CEREGHINL Favale, Italy, March 20th, 1861. Dearly beloved brother Antonio:—With great emotion I received your last, dated 29th ult., which to us was a great consolation. * * * I understand by the same, that the spring is a pressing time in your busiiiess, and that you can spare little time for collecting on behalf of our church and school; though 1 see that your endea vors are always fur the promotion of God's holy word, which gives me hope that you will do what you can in collecting for the completion of the same. The church will be consecrated in the mouth of April next. I earnestly pray you to do all you can in this behalf. We have bought a place for our burying ground, near by our church, which is also nearly completed. Dear brother, we put our trust and confidence in God, that he will give you strength and health to go forward in the goon work in which you are engaged, and we hope that our American brethren will sympathize with us hereafter as they have done in the past. Six members of our church have been sent by liev. Mr. Geynionat to distribute Bibles and sell other religious books, &c. Two in Sardinia, two in Sicily and Naples, and two in Lombardy and vicinity. They are making good progress. Last Sabbath I preached to a large audience—from three hundred and fifty to four hundred persons. The number of converts is rapidly increasing. Our prayers are always added for our American benefactors, and our protector I Victor Emmanuel. ;I,itterirait Nrcolltttriait and 6etteort 6rangtliot, Arerpt ear cordial regards and best wishes roar true and affectionate brother, STE,PBENO CEREGIIINO. WILL OF THE LATE MR. BURROUGHS. Extract from the will of Mr. Wm. Burroughs, graduate of Yale College of the Class of 1843, and of Yale Theological Seminary of the Class of 1847. lie subsequently studied law in Philadel phia, nod was adniitted to practice in 1853. "1 give and bequeath' to the Corporation of the President and Yellows of Yale College at New Ilaven, State of Connecticut, the sum of ten thou sand dollars, for the purpose of increasing the fund of the Dwight Professorship . of Didactic Theology. Bat if in the judgment of the said Corporation, at the time this bequest shall be paid over to them, the Dwight Professorship Fund shall be large enough to support the professor, then I desire that this bequest go. to increase the general fund of said Theological Seminary for the purpose of supporting another or other- pro fessors therein, according to the judgment of said Corporation. But if the funds of the said Theo logical Seminary shall be judged, when this be= quest shall be paid over to the said Corporation, sufficient to maintain such professors as are deemed necessary for the completeness of instruc tion therein,,then I desire that the said 'Corpora tion merge this sum in their general fund, to be used for the best good of the. College." Mr. William Burroughs died at Germantown, on Sabbath, March 21st, 1861. Communicated by "Tolin Burroughs, executor of William Burroughs. MARVELLOUS CHANGE. We learn from a recent number of the World, that the Rev. Henry J. Van Dyke, on a recent Sabbath declared in strong terms, the duty, of sustaining at this time the Union, the Govern ment, and the flag of the country. He adhered, he said, to the, opinion set forth in the sermon on slavery .preached some months since; but while he recognized the right of revolution, he repudiated the theory of secession; and insisted that when the laws were resisted, and the autho rity of magistrates contemned, it was the duty of all citizens to rally to the . support of the go vernment. Some time after his notorious fast-day ser mon against abolitionists, a letter of his, writ ten to a friend in Georgia, came to light, in which the following sentence occurs:-"I say freely, that unless the hostile legislation of Northern States is repealed, and the violent and unchristian agitation of the slavery ques tion put down, your State and all the Southern States ought to break loose from a government that will not protect their rights, and from a people who disregard the plainest obligations of consanguinity and brotherhood." We do not quote these sentences for the pur pose of showing up the gentleman's inconsist ency, which would be altogether superfluous, but as furnishing one of a countless multitude of proofs of the tremendous power of the peace able public opinion of the North on the ques tion of the Southern Rebellion. THE LADIES OP OUR CHURCHES AND THEIR. PATRIOTISM. The ladies of our (N. S.) Churches are, we re joice to learn, taking their full share of responsi bility and labor, in the preparations which are going forward in Dr. fioardnaan's (0. S.) Church, for furnishing clothing for our brave volunteers, and in supplying with bedding and other necessa ries the Pdoyamensing Hospital The association of ladies which meets in the above church for con venience, and which is ably presided over by Mrs. fudge Jones, is composed of ladies from all evan gelical churches in our city, (excepting, as we have been given to understand, Episcopalians,) each of which vies with its sister church in prac tical devotion to the interests of our noble govern ment, and in care for, and sympathy with our sons, our brothers, and our fathers, who go forth to de fend " the Stars and Stripes," that noble flag which was never dishonored, until traitorous southern bands laid it in the dust, and supplanted it by the flag of rebellion. THE LADIES OF GREEN HILL CHURCH AND VICINITY. Another paragraph about our patriotic Chris tian ladies, will not be out of place. Those of Green Hill Church and vicinity, having prepared comfortable garments and other conveniences, for the volunteers of COMPANY H., CAPTAIN DOYLE, belonging to the FIRST REGIMENT UNDER COI,. MouEBEAD, a formal presentation took place in the lecture room of Green Hill Church, on Wednesday evening, the Ist of May. Stirring addresses were made by Ma. GRATZ of that neigh borhood, by REV. GEORGE DUFFIELD, JR., (who exhibited a copy of the old Continental Congress Bible, published for the use of the Revolutionary Soldiers,) and by REV. JOHN W. MEANS, who urged on the men the importance of a regard to their health, and commended to their imitation the example of the water-drinking army of the victorious Cyrus. The r STAR SPANGLED BANNER was sung by the ladies, the men joining in chorus, and great en thusiasm prevailed for the Constitution, the laws, and the whole Union. A suitable reply was made by one of the officers, thanking the ladies for their kind attentions, and promising that the company would give a good account of themselves. PRESBYTERY OF NORTHERN MISSOURI. This Presbytery convened at West Ely, in Marion Co., on the 19th of April. 11ev. John L. Jones, and elder Harvey J. Mann, were ap pointed commissioners to the General Assembly, and Rev. James A. Darrah and elder John C. M'Afee, alternates. The Presbyterian Church of Alexandria, organ ized last year by Rev. T. Hill, was, by request, received and enrolled in the• minutes. The con gregations of New Providence and Newark have been refreshed by precious revivals. Two pastors have been installed since the last regular meeting. The Presbytery found it to be their painful duty to suspend Rev. Joseph Lowry, one of their mem bers, from the office and functions of the ministry until he shall give satisfactory evidence of repent ance. A minute was adopted, approving of the revised plan of the Permanent Committee on Education, and pledging the co-operation of this Presbytery in carrying on its educational work under its provisions. W. THE SOLDIER'S FRIEND" is a. little volume adapted to the pocket, and contains thirty-one brief religious readings (original,) thirty-one selected psalms, thirty-one hymns, the ten com mandments, creed, the Lord's prayer, and a few other prayers. Its price is fifteen cents, and twelve dollars per hundred. Orders may be sent to Charles S: Luther, 1334 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. THE MEEKNESS OF SOUTHERN CHRIS- TILiI3B. A clergyman of this city, who even yet turns his whole face South, roso last week in the noon day prayer-meeting to read extracts, to show the meekness of Southern Christians in contrast with the North. It was like him. We will aid by, copying a few extracts from Southern religious papers. • We learn, says the Lynchburgh Reptibitenn of yesterday;that the students of Hampden Sidney College have formed the selves into a military company, and have eled Rev. Dr. Atkinson, the President of the College as their Captain, who in a patriotic speech consented to accept of the posi tion, and lead them wherever duty maycall. To day the students will raise the flag of the Confe derate States from the inp of the old College. The Richmond Religlous : Herald, says of Vir ginia: ' ' g Meeting intimidation with defiance, she only accepts the stern arbitrament thrust upon her.— She would have ceased lo be herself, if, she had not dope so. And when her sovereignty calls, she has no sons who will not answer to the sum men& The Christian, Advoc ee of Nashville, says: Send your gun tote fixed. Waste no more iitiwder in idle salutes and at small game. Keep Wary. Hoard your ammu nition; it may yet be scarce.. He that bath no sword, let him sell his garment and buy. one. There is.no middleground. He that is not for the South at this houel's "'against her. Talk of armed neutrality for thtl Southern border States! The Bqnner of .eeace(!) of the same place, There is not a worm So mean that will not turn with indianation on its pursuers at its own . doer. The whole South, feel that their rights have been denied by a sectional Administration, and now they are to be whipped , into subjection. Mr. Lincoln issues his proclamation, /nd orders the rebels to disperse in twenty days. I ; Will they : do it? Nay, verily. The North will `neet a united South, and unless the war is stopped instanter, much blood will flow. The same paper style's the recent action of our government "the, most atrocious wickedness of the sue." The N. C. Preshytericin, of the 27th of April, says: There are none who Nyll deny that the Revolu tion of '76 was justifiable before God and man. Yet the cause in which the South is now engaged is as just and holy as that, in which our fathers fought and died. It may even, be asserted that for one sufficient reason . . which they could plead in defence of their course, the South can present a score. The Southern. Presbyterictn of South Carolina, This revolution has been accomplished mainly by the churches. Ido not undervalue the name, and position, and ability •of politicians, still I am sure that our success is chiefly attributable to the support which they derived from the co-operation of the moral sentitnent of the country. Without that, embodying .as it obviously did the will of God, the enterprise would have been a failure. I suggest that every Christian shOuld put his support of the Southern Government, on the footing of obedience to God. Let him give to his politics the force of a religious principle. Throughout the South the religious people have acted harmoniously, and sympathetically, and re ligiously, with the rest of the people. Nay, it is a fact that the rising of the South is an uprising of the religious people of the South. They control and guide the•action of the country. They are the country. They are. profoundly convinced that this contest is a religious contest, Rev. Dr. Dabney, in the Central- Presbyterian of Richmond, Va., after+ dilating upon the recent attitude of Virginia as am attempted mediator, That at the President's proclamation, this pa tient, peaceful, seemingly hesitating paralytic flamed up at the insolent, touch, like a pyramid of fire, and Virginia stands forth in her immortal youth, the unterrified commonwealth of other days, a Minerva radiant with the terrible glances of po licy and war, wielding that sword which has ever flashed before the eyes of aggressors, the sic NM per tyrannis. Of South Carolina, be sass: - At last, after a magnanimous forbearance, little expected of her ardent nature, she proceeded .to what was an act of strict self-defence, the reduction of Fort Sumter. The True Witness and Sentinel, (Presbyterian) of New Orleans, calls the President's proclamation a combination of rage and alarm, 'a declaration of war, and says: If the people North , ere not 'bereft of reason, they will look into this dictatorship. As to the South, such conduct demonstrates the wisdom of throwing off such a government, and will ignite every heart and hand as one man. And the South is invincible. THE CHRISTIAN OBSERVER AND THE SECULAR PRESS The unpatriotic course of the Christian Ob server is gaining for it the undesirable notoriety which was to have been expected. The EVENING BULLETIN, one of the most loyal of our city jour nals, and yet one of the last that would make 41 wanton attack upon any, in its issue last Satur day felt constrained to animadvert upon the course of the former paper throdgh the crisis. The Bin- LETIN says: The unanimity, and vigor of the entire religious press.of the North, in lening their moral support to the Government, is, ever,cheering to all lovers of loyalty, Union and ordei r , If compelled to make any exception to this, wtshould be obliged to name the Christian ObserTer, of this city, edited by Rev. A.masa Converse„ ! formerly of RichMond, Va. As his paper is the organ of a Southern Sy nod, and it bears the name of fourteen Southern ministers among its special contributors, it, of course, has a Southern leaning. It then proceeds to quote from the Observer of last Thursday, an issue which, for disguised trai torous innuendoes against the President, against ministers and Christian, people who sustain him in their prayers, and against those who call treason, rebellion and perjury, by the,ir right names, is, per haps, worse and more mischievous in its tendency than any number that, has appeared since rebels and loyal men took their positions. In Monday's Bulletin, Mr. F. Bartlett Con verse, fresh from Richmond, Va., where men 'of his views should, as a matter of consistency, re-_ main, undertakes to answer the article of Satur day. • Here was certainly a fine,opportunity of mani festing to the people :of Philadelphia his real at tachment to the Constitution and laws of the country, if he had any. If it were true that a desire to promote exclusively the spiritual inte rests of his hearers, in his own columns, prevented such a manifestation there, there was no difficulty in the way here, where a secular journal oflarge circulation opened its columns for a response to the charge of disloyalty. But the whole article is simply an artful attempt to crawl out of the grasp of the patriot sentinel who has challenged him, and to escape, if, he may, without taking the hated pledge of loyalty upon his lips. Bere is the utmost that can be extorted from him in this peri lous position Our ministers should be,_ and we doubt not, all of them are, willing to do their utmost, as citizens, for the maintenance of the Government and the honor of our country; but we must protest against any effort to compel men, ordained to preach the gospel of Christ, to preach instead the policy of the State. Behold the loftiest flight of the Christian Ob server's patriotistril All' that stirs the popular heart so mightily, obliteriting every party line and bringing back the days of '76, is—the policy of tho State/ is on the same footing with the tariff and the Pacific Railroad! Such language is an insult flung into the faces of twenty millions of loyal people. He then proceeds to say:— The Christian Observer has long been before the country; and, we •may safely say, has done more for the cense of union in -the Church, and thus indirectly in the country, than any other religious paper in the city. The unblushing effrontery of this assertion is only equalled by the following:— The Observer is spoken of as being the "or gan of a Southern Synod," and "of course has a Southern leaning I" The Observer is equally the organ of the Synod of Pennsylvania, has Northern editors, and Northern special contri butors; and, of course, has a Northern leaning. The editors of the Christian Observer are adepts in the'art of misrepresentation; but the persevering and unscrupulous attempts they have lately made to hold the Synod of Penn sylvania' responsible for their' course, especially since 'the Christian Observer has become the only organ of an entirely different body 'of Christians, throw all.their former achievements in this line into the shade. 'They should know, that the body which, six months'ago, unanimously and unreservedly endorsed the AMERICAN PRES BYTERIAN, only tolerates the Christian Obser ver ; and that it needed nothing more than the impudent assertion above quoted, to bring the Synod to a formal repudiation of the Observer, which it will doubtless 'embrace the first oppor tunity of doing. There is not a minister in the Synod of Pennsylvania, nor a respectable lay man' in this portfon of the Church that sustains the Observer in its present attitnde towards the Government. We challenge it to produce single name. SUMMER WORK AND SUMMER • PREACHING. (Continued.) But the, summer has its work for him who may feel disposed to grieve over it as a spiritually bar ren season. J. The summer affords, a special opp,ortunity to the pastor to become acquainted socially with his congregation. The days are longer and:pleasanter than in winter—he has more time for visitation, there is less necessity for hard study. In, winter the shtirtrkess of the days, the inclemency of the weather, the demand for earnest and thorough pulpit preparation, all interfere with the social in tercourse of pastor and people. How important is it that he should be thus acquainted; that he should know them all, both old and young; that he should be acquainted with their condition, both temporal and spiritual, and be, as far as it is;pos, sible, at home among them, I need not attempt to demonstrate. The winter does not furnish the coveted opportunity for this. The summer does. Its pleasantness invites him, from, his study, to spend much of his time among his people. He has leisure which the winter did not afford., The people neither demand, nor desire from him,through the summer, the pulpit labor for which they would look in winter. The discourses of winter preached in mid-summer would often. be ill-timed. • Briefer services, shorter and simpler discourses, efforts extempore, would be more acceptable than the lengthier services and more labored discourses of winter. There is then less labor of mind demand ed, and more time and attention may be given to the cultivation of an intimate acquaintance with the people: There is a great deal of what :may be called the lighter work of the ministry, which falls naturally into the summer. The visitation and care, of the Sunday-schools, and of mission schools, may be increased; attention to Bible classes, the catechetical instruction of the young, with which the special labors of the, winter may have interfered—all these may.now receive new and increased consideration. The summer also affords the pastor leisure for I t quiet and thoughtful review of his •own life, of his } ministerial efforts, of the past winter, and its spe cial labors, to study defects, to lay wiser plans for the future, and to prepare, for new efforts. The summer is often fruitful in this way. During its quiet thinking, the past is all recalled, lessons for the future are learned for it, mistakes are corrected, , plans for coming labors, for special discourses and series of sermons may be formed which will go far to lighten the work of the winter. ' The summer is also of special use to a minister I as a period of rest and recreation. There is no I class of men who are severer workers than the I ministry, no class of men who do so much close and continuous thinking, or of whom so great de wands are made. There is no other profession, that would be endured, if compelled to present ; three discourses 'a week to the public on matters per- Mining to it If each of our lawgivers were obliged to, entertain the public with three discourses each week, on theories of government, questions of law,'; and civil duties, and each of our medical students to do the Same' with matters ,pertaining to the theory and practice of medicine, and each of our lawyers to offer finished discourses—not the special pleas which they may now offer in courts of justice--it would speedily be manifest that . the success of the mi.- nistry is due not 'entirely to the intrinsic impor tanee of their message, but in part to their .supe rior zeal, and to their unequalled labors. Dulness, repetition, and Common-place are more readily pardoned anywhere else than in the pulpit. iret, thimgh severely tasked and over-worked, there is no profession that is allowed so little recreation. It is within the memory of not the aged merely, 1 when it was a new and strange thing for a pastor to I take a month's vacation, and by many churches of the land it is still regarded as highly improper. He I must work seven days in the week, and preach fifty-two SUlldays,in the year. They are impatient of any absence, as if it were a fraud upon them. On ids own account, nor less on the account of I his people, the pastor needs recreation—needs a vacation when he may unbend his mind, free him- I self for the coming of Sabbath, and drop, for a I brief tine, the pen which, had for a time almost be- I come a part of himself. fi It is not enough that he take a daily walk in the streets of the city, or, if he can reach it, into the country—for the habit may grow purely auto rustic. It will demand no attention, no special thought, and he will rise from his desk, issue from } his study, and as he goes through the familiar scenes of many hundred like recreations, he will be intently thinking still of his sermon, and look ing into the subject presented by some new text. Or, if these do not occupy him, there are labors pertaining to the congregation, anxieties revived by the sight of their faces, the load of care is not 1 lifted. Nor is it enough for him to follow the example of celebrated names—of Samuel Clark, Who made leaping over the chairs and tables of his room do for exercise; or of Petavius, who, we are told, spent five minutes of, every two hours he was at work, in twirling his chair. Nor would it be considered consonant with ministerial dignity to imitate the leained Paley, Who was re nowned for his feats of rapid horsemanship. The end to be aimed at in all recreation, is . to secure an entire change of thought and Occupation, and all plans which do not involve such an entire change, just so far fail of their end. Those who are partial to it, may, 'perhaps, secure something by turning their attention and their leisure time to gardening, raising fruit, berries of choicest kinds, and grapes of rarest vari&ies; but it will be difficult for the minister to secure the needed recruiting by any amount of such partial and side efforts'while in the midst of his people, and with all the responsibilities of the Sabbath and the weekly lecture, and the care of the church upon him. All working men need play. They must have it, or they will perpetually give way under the'perpetual burden. The farmer gets his in the repose of winter. The mechanic hiS, in the wee sidnal cessation of bUsiness. The 'Auer his, in the irregular demands of his profession. ' The physician his, in periods of general healthfulness. The pastor needs his. A sober afternoon walk, an hour's handling'of the hoe or the spade in the garden, or an hour's ride while one is thinking of a coming lecture, or feels the cares of immediate duty, has very' little of the delightfulness of play ab out it. (To be Continued.) NEW REVIEWS. The first article • in the PRESBYTERIAN QUAR TERLY FOR APRIL, on the GALLICAN CRURUH, will be welcome to every one desirous of under standing the present conflict going on between Napoleon and the priests of France. It is translated from the Staatsworterbuch, and bears the marks of thorough acquaintance with the sub ject. The worldly character of French society, unfavorable to the groWth of any form of religion, explains in part the fact that the Popes and the Roman Hierarchy never rooted themselves very firmly in the soil of that empire. " The Callican libertiee," as they are called, are nothing but' the principles of the common law, which were never compromised for the advantage of, Rome. Tbe Ultramentane principles,. which France has always resisted, are: Ist, That all ecclesiastical power is centered in the Pope, who, is responsible to God only, and superior to all councils; 2d, that all tem poral power, as of kings and princes, is subordi nate to the spiritual and pis immediately subject to the' -church. Against these usurpations, the Pragmatic, Sanction of St. Louis, and the, Gallicao Liberties of Pithon, published in 1594, are a'pro test. In these,- the following principles are main tained: Ist, The Pope has no right to order or de cree anything which affects the temporal things in the king's territories; and if he does, the king's subjects, even if priests, are not bound to obedi ence; and 2d, the Pope's acknowledged sovereign ty in spiritual affairs, is restrained by the canons of the ancient councils held in that kingdom. "It was not until the reign of Louis Philippe, that the younger clergy brought up in the school of the Father Lainennais first discarded the inheritance Of Gallican freedom, and made known their dogma of papal infallibility." The author proceeds' then to-unfold more fully the views held by France on these points during the reign of Louis the Four teenth, when the old customs were strengthened by ordinances which existed 'down to the time of the Revelation. Among the partieulars, it is-well to remember that althdugh the power of the Pope, in France was after all very great, and the bishops, only in a very. moderate degree, independent of his holiness; yet the In'quisition was never admit-. ted into the country, and the Index of 'forbidden books was never recognised by the people. The concordat formed by the first Napoleon in 1801, with the Pope, singularly enough relinquished nearly all the old "liberties," and handed over the reorganized French church, bound hand and foot, to Borne- This is its present condition. Under it, the church has flourished beyond precedent in France. Hence the priests and the Pope struggle mightily to retain it, and to resist the restoration of the old privileges which are likely to be greatly multiplied and enlarged at the same time. City churches is a discussion of the various re lations, power, advantages, and disadvantages of this important class of our churches,including the desirableness or undesirableness,of a pastoral. re lation to them, with some sensible advice as to modes of constructing and arranging the edifices of city churches. It is evidently written by one who knows, as well as one Who handles: a' free pen, with discernment of the proper occasion for, I a sprinkling of judieieus patire,to which' those whom it may concern may well give heed. The economical aspects of the case are almost startling. The city is shown 'to present a wonderful concen tration of opportunity for- the accomplishment of good. In the four Synods.of Albany, Utica, Ge neva, and New York and New Jersey, there, are 288 churches, with 44,280 members. Of these, the 32 churches which are in the cities contain very nearly one-third of the entire membership. "Suppose all these churehes supplied with minis ters. Two kindred and fifty-six men preach to a congregation represented by 29,938, while thirty two men are ministering to a congregation repre presented by 14,464. So much for personal labor. Call the average salary of the rural ministers $5OO, and that of the city ministers $2500, and the ag gregate cost of the, gospel to each will stand thus: rural churches, $143,500; city churches, $BO,OOO. The facts, if accurately collected, would pretty surely show that the gospel is preached; counting men and money, at a less cost to the dwellers in the city, than to those in the country.":. Ambi-: tious young men in our seminaries, or-discontented country pastors, w ith, longing eyes hied ,upon a "city charge," would do well to ponder die shre'wd suggestions beginning with the Words "A city' pastorate, therefore, -does 'not, as a matter of course, imply a marble church, with steeple two hundred feet high, nor a salary of seven thousand dollars." The very healthful tone of the article on the imprecatory Psalms reminds us that we are just witnessing an awakening of the popular mind from a fearful state of lethargy on the whole sub ject of vindicatory justice, and entering, in all probability, upon, an age better fitted to appreciate the stern sublimity of these passages of Scripture, which, while furnishing difficulties to all commen tators, are chiefly stumbling-blocks to those who sympathize with "the morbid type of mind. of the philanthropy and.religion current at the pre sent day;" by whom' "the, employment of force is branded as a relic of barbarous times, and the exercise' of authority scorned as contrary to the spirit both of the gospel and of an enlightened . age." • The Ohara and Reforms handles a very im portant and practical subject of the times. The specific business of the Church, according to the writer, is not to engage, as such, in the work of reform—Moral and social reform we suppose is meant. Nor can the church wait, until such reforms are fairly in progress before entering upon her work: But she, must occupy no dubious atti tude towards the cause' of true reform. She must encourage the true reformer by a friendly attitude towards him; she must "furnish conclusive evi dence that she approves of all wise efforts to pro mote reform, and ardently desires their success." But we scarcely agree with the writer when he says: "Should the preacher perform in the pulpit the work of the reformer, he would do not only what he is not required, lout what he is forbidden to do there." We would ask, How is it possible to separate from the 'character and work of Christ as a preacher, the specifie idea of a reformer? And the attempt . to represent the Church as so utterly distinct and isolated from the active efforts even of her own members,to promote temperance, to remove slavery, &c., is, in our view erroneous. We prefer to regard the Church as comprehend_ ing the essential spirit and principle of all true reforms, and as easily and naturally led to active. sympathy with such as in the providence of God, are in each age rendered peculiarly. prominent. The Arraw-.Headed Inscriptions are made the test of a discussion of the two Rawlipsons' recent, researches,in the fields of Assyrian history and discovery. Even in the early stages of these r e . marlable investigatibus, much important confirma tion of the sacred records, and of the old favorite Herodotus, has been brouglit -to light; but it seems only like 4 ihe - promise 9f what is yet ti come—only-a stimulus to the curiosity of the inquirer. EDITOR'S' TABLE. Very interesting extracts from Rev. R. DER'S late work on MISSION ScrrooT..s have at dif_ ferent times appeared in our columns; yet no ex_ tract can give a proper idea of the thoroughnes s and earnestness:with which the author enters into the work of exhibiting the importance of this arm of missionary service, and of exposing the errors of those who have disparaged and, in part, dis carded it. The author, when in the employ of the A. B. C.F.. M. in India, openly disagreed with the Deputation who, our readers will remem ber, visited the country` for the purpose of coun selling with the missionaries, and who greatly re duced the educational department of their labors. The remonstrances of the missionaries, against such a step, were, at; first, unanimous, but were after wards overruled,. and • finally, in a number of in stances, silenced; but , the author of the volume before us adhered to his opinions, and has now taken this method of vindicating them. He re views the history of this branch of missionary ef fort in the various flourishing schools of India and Ceylon, and gives - the testimony of missionaries from every country, and of intelligent English lay men, in their favor. .Not content with this, he passes to the Missions among the North American Indians; the Armenians, the Nestorians, and in the Sandwich Islands, and gathers a vast mass of facts, such as repeated revivals, important and interesting cases of individual conversion; interest excited in the minds of leading :.person's among the heathen, &c., which make a powerful argu ment in their behalf. The arbitrariness of a de putation interfering so seriously with this tried and faithful means of effort among the heathen, is, in our opinion, but justly stated.. While the author shows, through his whole volume, that it is not in the spirit of a mere controversialist he has written, but as a friend of Christian missions, and as a since well,wisher of a_great institution, whose few errors by no means undermine its claims to the regard .and, support of the churches. The volume is embellished with a handsome view of the Mission Efouse and city of Kolapoor. It is published by RANDOLPII, of New York, and may be had at the PRESBYTERIAN HOUSE. ROUGHING iT WITH ALICK BAILIE, Parochial Schoolmaster, North Britain, by WM. S. Stewart, is a story of in orphan boy falling into the hands of hard, though kindly relations, sent to school at a distance, and learning- independence,,and gain fog stability by contact with the world. It is a freshly-written, origtnal story, and will do good to the youthful readers,who will not fail to meet with it. Published by essrs: CARTERS.. For sale at the -PRESBYTERIAN ROUSE.. • THESSALONIOA; OR, THE MODEL CHURCH, by H. L. Hastings, is a stirring little volume, ,in which the example,of the Church of Thessalonica, as it appears in the Epistles bearing the name, is set forth and applied to the churches of our day, with no little forceful and healthy criticism. There is observable some disposition to use the cant phrases of those who set , themselves against the church altogether; as on page 103: "One man, bringing Christianity in the shape of loaves of bread to hungry souls, would make more impres sion 'on. the needy, than with a bushel of books, catechisms, and Bibles!' This is, however, but a. mere.blemish in what is, as a whole, evangelical and scriptural in tone.. The extract from the Thessalonica Daily News," is a pungent and not unneeded sarcasm Published by RUDD & CARLTON, New York. FOT sale by HAZZARD, Philadelphia. ~.p! , SILAS MARNER, the Weaver of Rs' veloe, by author of "Adam Bede," has just been:published by the HARPERS, and, at any :other than the pre- Sent ttate,of public disorder and excitement, would be'sure to attract the same large circle of readers Which welooded the previous issues of the gifted author. The hero is.w lonely weaver' who, in his day; was regarded, -with all his clasi, as an object of superstitious fear., .The volume is:issued as the first part , of a larger, work. , is for sale by LIND SAY & BLAKI6TON .The seventh, and next to the last volume of Milman's great HISTORY OF LATIN CHRISTIA NITY has just been issued by Messrs:Sheldon & Co.,' Of Nevi York; and is for sale at , MARTIENS'. It covers the. period of .1313 to 1433, and em braces such topics : es -Rienzi; the Great Schism, with its rival popes; :Wycliffe; the Lollards; John Huss, &c, - IE is almost, superfluous to renew our oft-spoken commendation, of this greatest,' of Eng lish. efforts in the line of Church History. Its flowing.and picturesque style will refresh, while its facts instruct, the, reader; and the exterior adds attractions of no common character to the vo lume. CAKTER'.B FIRESIDE LIBRARY has received an addition of three vOlumes, winch are for sale at the Presbyterian Ronse. They are THE ITAvEN and TIM PRIZE,, by the"indefatigable author of the Life of Capt. Vicars. Moronism; a tender mother's story of her two ; children. THE Gun THREAD;, a collection of allegories, by the very successful editor of GOOD Woßns, Rev. Dr. MA CLEOD, Glasgow, Scotland. All are; gotten up in excellent style. The il lustrations in ;the last are especially fine.. For sale at the, Presbyterian Book Store. The satie publishers have also published the SOLDIER'S 'AND SAILOR'S TEXT-BOOK, by Rev. J. R. Macduff, D. D., in separate editions, in a cheaper or' handsomer style, as may be preferred. We are pleased 'to learn that our Committee are about 'to issue ulittle volume, - suitable to be placedin the bands of our. brave soldiers, with a closer adaptation to the wants of our own,country men. It is„expected to be ready at the; present date. . THE SEMI-ATTACHED COUPLE; a tfpory of so cial life in England of thirty years ago, hy the author of the Setni-Detaebed Etonse: Published by T: O. 11. P. BURN AM. -; .BOttIOR: for sale by LIPPIFOOTT & CO., Philada: • SUSAN AND FRANKTE, by thelantbor of Frankie:s Book of Bible Men, recently noticed in these co lumns, is an attempt of no' common merit to in terest the youthful mind, in, the characters and teachings of the "Scriptures The style is simple and perspicietti; and exhiliiti'a, tender regard on the part of the author for theiVelfare of the young. Very pleasing;stories, of country life, domestic animals, itc., with choice verses such as captivate childish fancy, are interwoven. Typography, il lustrationa, and' binding all- combine to render it orie of The ebbic'eSC'of Messrs. Tilion i s admirable series for the young. For ,sale by tr. B. LUPIN corDA Co. The SAME runrasEtrats ha've issued a packet of SELECT TRACTS, suitable for enclosure in letter envelopee,,whose contents And exterior commend them to the attention of all who desire to do good in thise method of tract distribution. GOVERNMENT AND RERELLION.-A discourse on this all-absorbing topic; preached at Spring Garden Hall, April 28th by Rev. E. E. Adams, and published 'by request, has. been laid on our table. The fervid, patriotism with which it glows: serves to commend the underlying argument, and the appeals to good. sense, and to Christian prin ciple, with which it abounds. It is truly a pam phlet of and for the times, and may well be pro sarved as faithful reflection of the style of pa triotism which .loyal ministers felt it their duty to inculcate in the pulpit, in our day. For sale at the Presbyterian Honse. May 9,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers