M Vrtsbgterian 'anner. I'iTTSIBIGII,IIItBRDAT, DECEMBER E, 1861. tartan catholitism.—our leading article, This week, taken mainly from a paper read at the'Taie meeting of the .World's Evan k Alliance, trill be found extremely , , Tt IRtereeting on this subject.. It is long, but in, , . tea this account, the more valuable. luotations are richly instructive. tagl,sklanguage tiberia.—Un !der this heading we give, on our fourth page, , a• *very interesting article, from the lonization Hered, The-Christian phi la'rrthrOpiSt' especially' if the intgo-Saxon blood strongly courses his veins, must read i; ; 0 with delight. tie* Yeas—The first of Xanuary is near at, hand. A renewal of subscription to the Banne is r ia,ono . of theimportant pressing . , . ,51.nties., Also the making of a • holiday prdtent of the Banner to.y,our xnarrie,d'son, or daughber,.or to yonefriered, and espe . .e'rallY to your poor neighbor. '.ll , e'W-'stibiciiirers are solicited. TILE NEWS iFRO/1- ENGLIND, We 'give' nicii4 than usual space, this to %reign intelligoece. We do not ward it as perfectly reliable, or, at least, , up . As expressmg the purposes of the Gov o ernment. We, would await tbe -opening of decal:Lents, by `a 'messenger just arrived, before' spooking too PoSitively. But there - is evidently much ill feeling toward, us in England. There are men there who would seize on any pretext to get up a war against in this day of our trouble. Alliey bate Democracy, whether it be pure, op in the form of a Republic. They know that it is the aristocratic sentiment of the •Srluth,•which.his brought on the rebellion. For: this •sentiment they have a fellow i'epling,, and they think that now is ' the Aime-to,give the death blow to free govern- Ment-4hat is, to government by the peo :pie." And especially as they feel confident of the aid of France, they wish now to _, " • There are, however, many reasons adapted to:deter England for seeking the quarrel. hey'wanthread from us every year, and this year, in large quantities. We are by Tar the best customer they have for their tinu • mafaetures. Our navy, and especially , the. pr! . .vateters we could fit out, would 4 urn.their mercantile.xnarine. No nation Aiiluld injure them as we could: And they , can hardly confide in LOUIS NAPOLEON. He is' exceedingly cunninv and somewhat Youicrupulous. He has Waterloo still to aVinge, and naval supremacy to attain; and a war between Great Britain' and the llnited States would be his opportunity most emphatically. Ile may flatter the English till he gets them thorotighly embroiled with us, and then find occasion against 'them. Russia also has a longing eye toward Turkey and India, and would, re joice to find England's full energies occu pied in another. quarter. Then there is the long line of border, on our North, stretching from Nova Scotia, by New Brunswick, the Canadas, and Westward to the.Pacifte, every mile of which is assail able by our troops. England, is likely to think, twice, before she passes the irrevock: ble decree of war. Sill!, it becomes us to look calmly and Wisely into the, case. If we really have done:wrong in capturing MASON and Sra- DELL, let us make the reparation. It is hard.to do right under a threat. But. let us= bear it. Justice becomes us. If, how airer we have done no wrong, let us nerve .eurserv'es for the conflict. There is no use in yielding, under a show of force, to an unjust demand. If we begin to yield, we knoW not where the end may be. Providence evidently has some great pur pose to accomplish.. The American. Revo lution did 'much for freedom and religion. So also did the .French Revolution. And the Revolution in Italy is doing much. But thdre to st ll an immense amount of oppres stop, in the world. And God hates oppres- Oen. It may be-that he intends to use ha inustirring up the peoples in Europe to wierfain 'their 'appraisers, as well as to ad- Mmie humatt'rights at home. To him -let ithe,app eel be toade. ,; Christians *ill, under the present aspect ofi affairs; go %15 a throne of grace with greater, ardor, cm& under a deeper sense of need. May the LOrd. execute his purposes in nterey. The lasE I Verdino. Of 411 e, opinion of the Law-Offiaercrof the British"Orown, is thus given: tir f‘ It is, we qtrde,rstand, the opinion or these jurists that the ; right of the Federal Government, actin:kg by its officers,. was con- Me#,p ,t 714 visiting and the searching of the inagpacket; that if any men or things believed to be contraband of .war had been found, op, board,of , her, the proper scourse was to take her into port and submit the question. Court, which , would hear evidence : auff-argument on both sides, :rid ,Would decide the caee according to. pre cedent and authorities." • this is the real state of the ease, there bilthen not much' to guarfel about. The right' of search is adiiitied,- and also the right to capture — the vessel, with all on boaid, and to send all into port to be adju dicated,;by our own forms 'of law. Cap tain ,WILKEB was ••tod complaisant The Secretary of the Navy has already intimated that he should haye sent,in the vessel,with , fraiglit and ,15 . apiogers. , Then our Courts would have had ...'ship, cargo, and contra handl passengers, all to judge. Now only tlia , i,littier; and but . f:iiir of them, are ba c tnrzuw .. t . volelit b , Cannot the =matter be the more etudji settled ? Surely, it can, if justice and the sttirit'ofpOace are to Preside. rkrwd.liris d'ri'ven intet a 'War with It Eng. failleire ,iitititTicisecdte it wilb, vigor. .We We / to ‘ 37.; , ,: pyt r=,. ,l, , = 1., Arpin f robably A f ,,tu t mr 9 ti g to ,combat for victory against Augland and "the- South united, lte_againat4be_South. alone. We wcI NA? , Tt i :l• 3 9#Mei iffiler , 421 °Te7i 1 P71 1 .9 , M 1 .9 niora tra nut;wc ,have, hrimanly speaking— the 'pewer - to,Oonquetuboth, and would Ad didssib4urifelvils to thi l 'task.' We "would 1 11,1, .. ** a -unit V. t nee I liff" .1 • I , ~, u fight wet gwe load repel a wanton Te.ll .' , il. '4 e ;Objee . atlßT ll l94"P a .assv i t ky England,in suokoir cliVihttmetea.i,, ':`; 01 r 1 114 . 1'1 i vim. . i r ''el/14704i derc' r - &■ 'llf • Endan tint ,? If . iin)7. erwill. ©, 4., e, or .peace uv aont . 4 wit,. ~, 'r , 0 e x iii • :Ii • , J ..8 J ' *"it * ----* 1 ' ' er3 nave r- '.,' 1." 'itig ' M* " ". :° ',TIT' eCp 'l4O iim • eatuoßcenio . -k,` ".13ill , a. maw , . Y. INFLUENCE OF CIVIL AND RHLIDIOUS.,II4- ERTY ON ROMAN CATHOLICISM IN' THE UNITED STATES-OF AMERICA. This is the title of a paper read at the Conference of the Evangelical Alliance at Geneva, Switzerland, Sept. 7th, 186], by Rev. ROBERT BAIRD, D. D., of the United States. The paper is published, in the Christian World, of December, and is an ably written and instructive document Dr. BAIRD is one of our most industrious men. He has devoted many years to the Evangel ical cause, has travelled much • both in America and Europe, is a close observer of men and things, and is qualified for his work by the possession of a clear head, a warm heart, liberal lamitiments,,and en lightened and deep,piety. The article is quite too long for our col urns, or we mould love to present it to our readers. We shall try, 'by extracts and condensation, to give them some of its most important facts. Dr. BAIRD says : "On the 23d day of June, 1757, was fought the battle of, Plassy. The hero of that battle, was ROBERT CLIVE.. The vic tory which the troops of ,the East India Company there achieved over Surajah Dow lah-laid the foundation off, what became, in less than a century;, the vast British Em pire in India, with 175,000,000 inhabitants. The battle referred to terminated forever the hopes of both Mohammedanism and Romanism for supremacy in India, and se cured that great country as a domain for Protestant Christianity. " Two years later, (on the 12th day of September, 1759,) the battle of the Heights of Abraham, of which General WOLFE was both the hero and the victim,, destroyed forever the ascendency of Rome and the Jesuits in North America, by transferring to Great Britain the vast possessions of France in tbeCanadas, and the great coun try which stretches far Southward, between the Allegheny and the Rocky Mountains. Thus in two short years the French Crown lost a prospective empire in the plains of India, and an actual one in the valleys of the' gt. Lawrence and Mississippi, which • combined exceeded twice the extent of Eu , rope. This was a great loss for the son of ST. L ;it was a greater one for the pre tended successor of ST. PETER the Fisher man. " But this was not all. France ceded to Spain the great territory of Louisiana at the mouth of the Mississippi, by-the-same treaty (that of Paris 17-63,). by which -she ceded the Canadas and the Valley of the Mississippi to England—thus giiing to that Roman Ca.tholic..lKingdom complete do minion on the North coast of the Gulf of Mexico. In the year 1800 France recov ered Louisiana, but only to sell it in 1803 to the United States.. In 1821 Spain sold Florida to the United States; and in 1845 Texas, after having been torn from Mexico, was annexed to the United States; and thus the domain of, Protestantism was still furtherenlarged. ln 1848, New. .Mexico and the country, between it:arid:the Pacific Ocean, including Upper California, was added to the United -States. -These- polit ical changes contributed immensely .to en large the, territorial-extent of- Protestant ism in ,North America.- With the excep- - tion of the :Russian possessions in the North-western corner,. and the Republic of Mexico, and the States of ( `en tral America in the South, Protestantism has gained terri torial.possession of the whole of that vast continent. "Equally great has been the numerical in crease of Protestantism in North America. In the British possessions, where, in the days of the French dominion, Romanism had complete and undisputed' possession of the gronnd, the Protestants are nearly three times as numerous as the Roman Catholics. In the United States, seven eighths of whose area once belonged to France and Spain, and by consequence, were under the spiritual sway of the ,Bishop or Rome, the most ardent partizan of the Pope will hardly maintain that one person in seven is a ,Rorna.ri Catholic. It would, probably, be nearer the truth to say that not more than the one-eighth part of the population (now more than •31,000,000) is to be reckoned among the adherents of the Roman Catholic Church. "The discoveries of JOHN and SEBASTIAN CABOT gave to England her claim to a large portion of the Atlantic coast of North America; and when she , successfully com menced the colonization of that coast in 1607, the French were in possession of the Northern part of it, and the Spanish' the Southern. Several of the charters which the English monarchs gave to the colonies planted under their auspices, affected to give a title to the country Westward as far as the " South Sea," or what we call the Pacific Ocean. The colonies, even at the outset, with one temporary exception, were Protestaut—inchiding those from Holland and Sweden. But when these colonies be-. gan to push their way across the Allegheny Mountains into the great central valley, they found it sfudded over with French villages and Jesuit missionaries. Du Quesne, (now Pittsburgh) Detroit, Vincennes, St. Louis, Kaskaskia, Natchez, New Orleans, Mobile, were Roman Catholic settlementsas much so as Montreal and Quebec in Canada, and St. Augustine in Florida. But how great the change! In Louisiana, where thell,o man Catholic Church had great advantages, and• where there. was not one Protestant Church in 1803,-Protestantism has now a vast influence, if not a complete ascendency. Out of the original provinft or territory that bore that name, and was :acquired from France during the: Consulate ef NA POLEON 1., there,have been formed no less than five it not six large States,_ in all ex cept one of whiaTProtestantism is the re ligion of the majority or:the, people. In Florida, -Texas and California, Romanism is now an insignificant element. In only one city or town of Pfeiportance, (that of. New Orleans.) in all the great vallerof the . Mississippi does the Roman Catholic Church have a majority of the people, even in those 'in which it - was the dominant connu-, nion at the - comineocement of this century.: In Maryland, which was, in an important sense, a Roman Catholic colony, the Ro man Catholic ascendency lasted but a little, while. Whatever mayoha,ve been thecause —whether it is to be sought in the political movements .which severed the French and Spanish colonies spoken of, from their, re spective mother-countries, or in-the superi or qualifications of the: Teutonic or Saxon race over the Latin for colonization, or -the divine, energy of the. Gospel, -which Prot estantism carries with it, or all these com bined—certain it is, that Romanism has no where held its own when brought into COB tact with Protestantism in that part of . North America which'now constitutes Brit ish America and United Stite." thes , The paper then proceeds to state, that, the , Constitution and laws or the United States guarantee every rational right, and 'entire liberty equally to Protestant and Roman Catholic, to Jew and every other ioaiiit - li'then . notes as one effect of thisperfect religious liherty,upon Alm minds of Roman Catholics, that they are induced to affirm, then. ADMIaATION 4:4' the great and,distinc live characteristic of our i inOtittitions. other .e(eot is,' that it leads them 'to enter tain ,very, *root, views Tot', the ,uoreasona, Oennsa t 'Wickedness , oft PERSEcuirnost for tinusakejof Ithirdteffeet ,that”actherents.ofoerßonian'Catholferi3lig tonofrinm wleatim*colluittiytifeyitir grate, altiost invariably, attach sthemselves to that POLITICAL party which.is considered most favorable to the largest political lib erty. The influence of civil and religious liberty upon Romanists is seen also in the desire which speedily springs up, after their arrival in the States, to have their children EDUCATED • and in their patron izing of the NEWSPAPER press; and in their growing dislike to the CONFESSIONAL; and in their diminished reverence for the MASS and ABSOLUTION; and in their toler ance of MIXED marriages; and in the wan ing power of the Hums over the people. All these points are elucidated by Dr. BAIRD, and proved in a manner most con vincing. We can well conceive, as we were informed by a. gentleman who was present, that the reading of the paper was a rich treat to the Geneva conference; and even to us, to whom the facts are not new, for we had had occnlar demonstration of the truthfulness of what is said, their con templation, as presented, affords new pleas ure. God is working for the conversion of Romarti.sts, as well as for the downfidl of Romanism. Under the light of education, and the- freedom of inquiry, and the lib erty of choice and conduct, in our happy land, ten Romanists embrace Protestantism for every Protestant who' leaves ,an Evan geli,cal Church to unite with the Papacy. Dr. BAIRD'S paper concludes with the following comprehensive and cheering state merits: The sum of what may be, said on this subject is this: That although the. Roman Catholic Church in the United States has changed none of her dogmas, (.which,.in deed, could not be expected from a' Church that professes to be infallible,) the Roman Catholic religion wears some aspects that are in some measure peculiar to that country. We will specify a few. She is compelled to be, or profess to be, the friend of tolera tion, and even of Religious Liberty. Some Of her organs and, advocate.s have been even clamorous, to, an extent that is suspicious, on the sulkjP.ct. She has been forced to be the friend of popular,•even of Republican, institutions, and some of her priests have even had the qourage, to mention that Rome has alwaysand everywhere been the advocate of both civil and political liberty, and that she has ever professed friendship for popular education, (though with some reserve,) and for the freedom of the press l In all these respects the language of some of her friends forms a striking'contrast with the utterances of the Bishops of France, Aus tria, Italy, Mexico and South America. On these subjects her intelligent laymen are far 'in advance of the clergy, and yet there are few of the latter who do not in reality feel the influence of the political and religious atmosphere by which they are surrounded. . "'Still more : • the Roman Catholics in the United States are daily, and in many ways, affected by influences Silent as the dews Of heaven, but still powerful. Their children go with Protestant children to the same Public Schools in many places; in many cases their children attend the Pro testant Sabbath Schools; their puns, men are to be found in the same workshop or. factory with Protestant young men; •and share in discussions which often have a most - decided influence on the peculiarities of their Church.; their. young men often be= lobg to the same, fire companies, the same military companies, often attend the saline Temperance Societies and political meet ings with Protestant youngmen. The pres ,ent war is having a wondertideffeat in bring-' ing them into contact with Protestant sol diers, Protestant . chaplains,. Protestant prayer-meetings in the. camp, Protestant tracts and the New Testament. "In many respects - Romanism with us wears a considerable resemblance to Pro testantism. Its more repugnant features are concealed as much as possible. The infamous things in the past history of the Roman Catholic Church are plausibly ex plained away or denied. It is felt that, the less said about the' atrocities of' Rome- in ages gone by—such as the persecutions or the Albigenses and Waldenses, the Hugue nots in France, the Protestants in Flan ders, in Hungary, in Poland, and the events in England in the reign of BiboDY MARY, or even about the sale •of indul gences, the better. No priest with us would dare to boast of infamous conduct among the female members, of his parish, as is reported of some in Ireland. in Cuba, in Mexico, in South America. If a priest becomes openly a drunkard, or a bad man in any way,'he is not ''allowed to remain long in 'the same parish. He is' sent to some distant part of the country, or to Canada, or back to• Europe, if net, deposed. ";As in other Protestant' countries, the Roman Catholic Church in the United States is a far better Church—exerts a far better influence on the community—than it does in countries where it has the ground ; to itself. <lt does incomparably More for the elevation of its people and their moral instruction, than in any . papal country ' with which we have any acquaintance. The Roman Catholic Church in Lower Canada, in ' Hayti in Mexico, Central America and South America, will• not be gin to compare with .that of the United States. With us, the clergy of Rome must be able 'to do something more than bap tize children, confess the living, 'and say masses for the. dead. They must preach; and preach a. good deal, and preach respec tably, if they would retain their hold oil ,their people, and especially their young . ,men. They must treat their peciple the respect due to manhood ; if the3r would even s maintain their present . position, ;which, in many respects, is far, from being ta , ell-assured. Rome is, in Some sense, on. flier good beha,vior with us. But she' acts, in the main prudently.; Occasionally an ambitious prelate or .43, blatant, editor , does .e says indiscreet things. Her most know ing' bishops—bishops that most clearly .comprehend the demands of the times—are very anxious to have a better, educated class priests. The greater, part of those, who , ounie from Europe are, farfrom, being what the country needs.. Even ,Maynooth fails .supply a priesthood that is exactly what the United States dernantL, 44 With the liberal and just course ,of the Government the, ,Itomanists in ,the ThtitedStates are sincerely content... They kave no ground of cemplaint = they make ;nose. In the struggle, of the Revolution 0.775—'88) they stood shoulder to shoulder with the Protestants.. CHARLES CARROLL, of a 417011t00, was as earnest, and, • honest a ,patriot as JOHN 'ADAMS, and sincerely -re- Apocted as such. The present Chief Jus-. tice•of the United States (Mr. TANEY,) has mever,given+a decision, that, can, he charged with. a bias, even the slightest toward Ro atualism, although he was;born and brought ~np in that, faith .and,, adheres. to-it still. Re and his predecOsor, - "tlie Stine MIRSEALL, have held, that high office 4flaring .more than three-fourths of the pe tTiod that • has clap - bed sincett,tke Govern ment, under the present Constitution, has wasted. Al this moment not, a`.. s pfew of the ablest officers, in the ! civil ,go,vesnment as well as in the army and navy, are -Roman.; Catholics. r , T.A I ~•!;; "That civil' era religion§ lib p ertyin the ThlitedPStates-liii other' words, its , ;and , 'institutions and the influ ences which' they nreate ir -should 'gfeatjy, *Ugh Rilently,'affeWit e orclan: Ckthc4iciirn cointry 'thay'readily.'lie`helievee The aiubst ignnrant and `degratlod, as `well a's CeMis' to ourshores from 'lreland, from Belgium, from ,Germany„ from Italy, feels that be breathes another atmosphere,,if one may so speak, when he comes among us. A mer chant in the City of New-York had occa sion not long since to take into his employ ment a poor Irish laborer, who had not been three months in the country. A few days afterwards,' the - Irishman came to him and begged, as a favor, that he would write a letter for him to his kinsfolk in Ireland. But can you not write ?' said the mer chant. No; your riv'rence, I cannot? Well,' said the merchant, 'come 'to me in an hour or two, and I will write your let ter! He came at the appointed time, and the merchant wrote, as he dictated, an ac count of his voyage from. Ireland to America, his subsequent adventures, and his ,present prospects. When he had got ten 'through he said,.' And have you,any thing more to say, Patrick?' 'No, sir,' was his reply. But bethinking himself a mo ment, he said, 'Yes, tell them one thing more And what Is it Patrick?' said the merchant. 'Tell them, sir, that in this happy country no praist can domineer over them, as in ould Shall I tell them that ?' ' Yea, tell, them that.' "The Roinanists sometimes, hut not very often, boast of conversions in the United States. That there are such con versions is denied by no one. Occasionally a popular female school, at the head of which is a fetnale Jesuit, serves to prose lyte youth, belonging to' families of dis ' tinction, to Rome. A few Protestant min isters, 'chiefly of the Protestant Episcopal Church, have gone over to the Roman Catholic Church, anethere have been also some cases of return. 'But as the Episco pal Church with us has a , well-iristructed ministry, among which'-the Traetarian or PuSeyistic `element-never ,has been great, such' defections have borne no comparison .with .what has occurred 'in England. Take the' country as a whole, all well-informed -men will admit that if it were not for the continued, and large immigration from Europe, the Roman, Catholic Church, in the United States, could not possibly hold. her own One of her'journals, (published. in Philadelphia,) a few years ago; admitted. frankly, 'that for every convert Rome makes in' America, she loses ten.' 'This, is a dreadful country for our Church,' said an Irish woman, to the writer, not long since. On What account?' we asked. Only think,' said, she, my two brothers came over from Ireland., good Catholics, but now: they will not set their foot in a Catholic church! "That the Roman Catholic Church in the United States has lost many of those who were born within ,her pale is affirmed by her own authorities. Two, and only : two, will we cite: The first is the late Bishop ENGLAND, of Charleston, South. Carolina. That distinguished prelate, in to the Leopold Society, of Vienna, nearly thirty years ago, states that in his diocese alone, Rome had lost fifty thousand souls I But we shall give the testimony of a more recent witness, In the Autumn of 1851, we Made a voyage from Liverpool to New-York, in the same steamship, the Pa cific, which carried Father MULLEN, a very agreeable and intelligent Irish priest, who was sent to America, to collect funds Tor the then projected Roman Catholic. Uni versity, at Thurles, in Ireland. Father MULLEN travelled extensively in the United States, and six months after his ar rival at New-Yerk, he wrote from New-Or leans, to friends in Ireland, stating that, Trom all he was able to.learn, he was of the opinion that Rome had lost not less than two millions of her children by the great falling away,' as he called it! He fur ther said that several of the bishops had begged him to write to 'the friends' in Ireland, to keep the people from coming to America, if they did not wish to see them lose their souls. The estimate of Rome's loss by the falling away,' to which Father 14711.LLEN refers, may have been excessive. Nevertheless,we are' quite Sure that there is a great falling away. "Nor can we doubt that if the Roman Catholic people in the United States con tinue to be treated with kindness, their rights .duly maintained, their conscien tious convictions properly respected, and the Gospel presented to them clearly, prudently, and in the spirit of .Chrisitan love, Protestanisru in that land can have nothing to fear in the future." CIIIIRCII AT SEWICKLEY. On Sabbath, December 15th, the new. Presbyterian church at. Sewickley, near Pittsburgh, was dedicated to the service of God. The solemnities •of the occasion were conducted by the pastor, Rev. JAMES ALLISON, assisted by Rev. Dr. JAWED'S, Rev. Prof. WiLsoN, and Rev. Dr. PAX TON. A very large congregation , were in attendance, incliiding many members sister churche The day was one of deep' interest to .the People. It, cannot bUt be had in long and pleasant remembrance. The edifice is a handsome stone -struc ture, cruciform, in the Rustic Gothic style of architecture, one hundied feet in ,ei tretne length, ,the transept being fifty feet by sixty-four, and the nave forty-two feet by forty-nine. It will furnish sittings for seven hundred persons. The cost was $15,000; The building_ is well propor tioned, the finish, is neat, and everything is in exquisite taste. Sewickley congregation was organized in 1837 The only predecessor of Mr. present pastor, was Rev. D. F.ZTEviiv,., Mr. NEVIN resigned, some .years,ago, on account, of ill-health, but still lives to enjoy the prosperity of his former cherialied charge. The number of commu nicants at' this time - is 'two hundred and forty. . „ ,Sewickleyville is one of the thriving suburbs of Pittiburgh, distant twelve miles by railroad, and having access to the'city by five .accommodation trains daily. The situation is delightful a nd the society at Dr. Jitodous preached in the morning, selecting for his subject that prevalent and intense deslre of God's children, which, -beim/net grAtifted, every other, joy. suffers —a HoatE—A place where to meet with God in reverential, but familiar and sweet communion. "'One thing have I desired of the Lord,. that will! seek :after; that 1 - may dwell in the,house ,of the Lord all the days, of my life, to behold the beauty of the Lord, and tei , inquire in his temple." A home Yes, a' home, a dwellino plapp and the Father there, and the family there; free from all ill will, all pas 'aim], all= strife, all suspicion ;..free . from everything whioh dani' annoy! And td . abide there always with God's s love shed labroad, - in the the light of the Di= 'vine-countenance irradiating the.soul; the mind ever inqiiiringlor Divine knowledge; ;and alWays receiving- instruction: EaCh !happy One 'hebbldiukit,b'e beauty of the, :Lord I pow intense jpyl It is a foretaste of heavat; ,an earnest. of-the lieritance. -Thris reception' in the - outer court; where everything:is mado ready for an entrance to the inner and Upper inan. Gedrs'peOpleean never do without n cirtirat Rai n cif ddd - It their delightfiil home. Jesus is ever there, and there they'abide. Professor WILSON, in the afternoon, in vited the congregation to take a look at the Church; not the buildings in which the people worship, but at the true and real Church of God, and especially at the Pres byterian department: " Walk about Zion, and go round about her; tell the towers thereof. _Mark ye well her bulwarks, con sider her palaces." The preacher set out at once with Pres byterianism—the Divine sovereignty. God rules. This is the fundamental DOCTRINE —emphatically the great truth of the sys tern. Other doctrines flow therefrom and. depend thereon. Calvinism is older than CALVIN. The great AUGUSTINE preached it and wrote it. It is Pauline. The Apos tle promulgated it It is even older than_ Mons. We haVe it in the call of ABRA HAM, and the choice of eTACOB. There you behold sovereignty, election, the exe cution of a. purpose foreordained. And a firm-belief in foreordination does not para lyze, nor . render reckless. Who so zealous as PAUL, so laborious as AUCMSTINE, so energetic-as.CALVIN ? MonAmmED, CROMWELL, and .N2vroLEoN, were the three great conquerors, and each of them a most firm predestinarian ; two of them not so on on. Christian principles, but all show that the doctrine does not deter from the most strenuous exertions to attain a desired end. And the Church has a LIFE; and this life is vigorous n Presby teri an ism—in Cal viniSm. Trace the Church's history, noting times of general declension, and but topi cal life, and you find that life just where Calvinism—Presbyterianism—has an exist ence ; on the coast of Africa, during the fifth century ; among the Waldenses, during the dark ages; in the Romish Church, among the Jansenists ; then the Reformers, Huss, ZWINOLE, LUTHER ; MELANC - THON, CALVIN, JO/IN KNOX ; and the other worthies: , And in still more modern times, see how Calvinists preach to the people, and build churches, and send out mission aries, and establish Colleges, Academies, and Seminaries—in every place they are the patrons of education,. from , the speller and the catechism up to the highest walks of literature, science, philosophy, and the ology. Presbyterianism has a life in social affairs. The freedom of America, our representative system, our self-government; and much also of the liberty of England; may be traced directly to Geneva and the theological school of CALVIN. ; And espe cially has Presbyterianism an inward life —a life which is hid-with Christ in God. Its security and its fountain are the same, and it shows itself in leading its possessor to purify himself even as, that fountain is pure. The DISCIPLINE of the Presbyterian Church, in the parity of her ministers, in her care for the uprightness of her people, and the security of the rights of her entire membership, - will also be noted as beautiful features,' by him who will take a walk about Zion, tell her towers, and ; mark her bul warks. Dr. PAxxoN led, the evening service. -He read- the history of our Saviour's up ' prehension, and of hiS trial befbre PONTIUS PILATE. PILATE'S embarrassment when he" anxiously inquired of the people, " What shall I do then with Jesus which is called Christ 1" furnished the theme for the discourse. Jesus was in PILATE'S hand, and PILATE must act in the case. He examined him and was convinced of his innocence. He should, then hence have released him ; but he wished to please the - ,people. He thought to escape respon-, sibility by sending shim 'to HEROD, but HErton returned him. He then tried a compromise; he, would scourge him, and . let him go. But this would not satisfy the Jews_ Then he would release him instead, of BARRABDAS; but the Jews would not permit this. must act directly—must condemn or acquit. Alas,' for his course, .whett he crucified Jesus. But this is not merely a history of facts. It is an instructive lesson—a solemn ad monition and warning to us. ,Jesus, by the :preaching of his Gospel and the tender of himself to us, is now in our hands. We must accept. or reject—must take him as our Lord, or crucify him afresh. There is no evading th'e responsibility. In the one ease. our, ruin is irremediable and utter;, the other case, we secure a Friend, a Sa viour, and joys immortal. • The immense congregation 'present, and the contemplated celebration of the Sacr amental Supper on the next. Lord's day, gave the speaker a fine opportunity, which was earnestly improved, of impressing upon the understanding and the heart, the i sol emn nquiry, " What shall I do then with Jesus which is called. Christ ?" • The congregation of Sewickley - h a i e done well in building for themselves, their children, their neighbors,, and immigrants to their happy circle, a large, tasteful, and substantial church. They have, unhappily, some , debt, which it will be their wisdom 'speedily to extinguish. They have many seats beyond What" their present families can fill. They can hence proclaim aloud : Came, there is room. But they must do more than give the invitation by the herald. They must go personally into the streets and lanes: must search out the poor find thoughtless, and, by the sweet but power fully effective means entrusted to -them, '.compel them to come in." Holiday Presents are highly esteemed. Their influence on the youthful mind, and even on the adult, is not easily measured. They should possess an intrinsic value—an adaptation to permanent moraland spiritual benefit. At the Presbyterian Rooms, Hand Street, Pittsburgh, books suitable for pres ents may he Obtained. See advertisenient. ne Board of Missioas having determined to 4iscontinne collecting agencies, request all contributions. in the'bounds of the late Pitttburgli'Ageney, to be forviarded direct to the offiee, 910' Arch Street, Philadelphia. ECC,I,ESIASTICAL Rey. J. )1. JorqEs' Post Office address is changed fronv Walbott, to Dayton P. He 'takes Charge of the Glade - Run Acadeihy at thatplace. JouN J. Po miioY, a licentiate. of the Presbytery", of Carlisle,, was ordained on the '.447th"of November, by the Preshy.. tery of LeWeS, and installed pastor of the Pre i sE3itei* ,Ohureh .at Doyer, Dela . ware. 1 - 11 Mr. ROBERT BEEu, late of the Western Theological Seminary has taken charge of the Church at Beloit, Wisconsin. Rev. DAVID TULLY has accepted the chap laincy of the Seventy-seventh regiment of New-York volunteers. Rev. I. N. SHEPECA.RD, of Marion, Ohio, has accepted a all from the church at Muncie, Indiana. • Rev; P. R. CAMPBELL, of Wintersvime, Ohio, has received a call-from the church of St. Clairsville, Ohio. Rev. J. T. SMITH, D.D. of Danville, Ken tucky, has been called to take charge of a new church, in Baltimore, Maryland. EASTERN SUMMY• : BOSTON - AND NEFF-E'NGLAND A BOSTON PAPER says :---" We learn of the sale of a small quantity of cotton in this city at thirty-three cents a pound. Manufactured cotton goods, of the coarse grades; are sold by the quantity, at the rate of about forty-three cents a pound. THE'. FISHING SEASON, at Gloucester, has now closed, and the four hundred ves sels that have been employed since last February, are now quietly- moored at their harbor. Many vessels have been loat the present season, quite a number, with all on board. The present year has been a very hard one for Gloucester, probably the most disastrous for many years, as the prices for fish have ruled so low that even large fares of from three hundred. to four hundred barrels would hardly pay the vessels' bills. But still the people of Gloucester , are not discouraged, but will pursue the business another year with their usual energy. PEbPLE OF VERMONT have learned with deep regret that Rev. Calvin Pease, D.D., deems it his duty to resign the Presi dency' pf the Vermont University, and ac cept the pastorate of a Presbyterian church in Itoehester,,New-York. For, the last five years his ripe scholarship and rare execu tive ability, have adorned and strengthened the University, and it will 'he no easy mat ter to supply, the place which he leaves va cant. He: has also been a member of the Board of Education, from .the Commence ment of;its existence, and hasrendered im portant services to the cause of common schools. To lose such a, man is no small loss to Vermont, drained as she already has been of so many of her ablest men, to sup ply the demand of other and 6 wealthier States. NEW-YORE. There are now in , operation in, this - city forty-two PUBLIC EVENING , SCHOOLS, about half of which are for males, and the remainder. for females. The ' number of teachers employed is four hundred, ehiefty selected from those engaged in the day schools, who, by enlarging the sphere of their duties in this way, receive' a `slight addition in'salary. The "local boards, of school officers " nominate the ,night,teach ers.' The evening schools, as a whole, areyex , cellent institutions, and are doing a - good work—affording to persons of all agesand nationalities the full benefits of gratuitous elementary education. They are generally well' attended, and the teachers, with few exceptions, are capable and earnest'. THE COMMISSIONERS OF Emu:m.4mo have issued a bound volume •of their An nual reports, from the organization of the commission in 1847, together with 'much additional valuable, information concerning their business, prepared by Mr. , Bernard Casserly. It appears from this work that, from the sth cat May, 1847, to, the correS pending date, 1860, two Millions six hun dred and' seienty-one thousand; eight bun dred. and nineteen emigrants _reached New. York from .foreign countries..; We give .a . - table of the number from-each nation con 'tributing, to our population: Ireland, 1,107,084 Germany, 979,57. I England, 215,625 Scotlanik 71,835 1 - France„ 57;591 Switzerland,..... 43.625 Holland, 19,635 Wales, ' 17,276 Norway, 13,793 Sweden, 11,547 Italy, 7,474 Belgium, 4,769 Spain ' 4,537 Denmark,— ..... . 3,346 West Indies,- 4,402 Poland, " 2,406 Sardinia, 2,199= South Anierica„ 1,376 Portugal, 1;173 Nova Scotia...... 804 Ru55ia,......,,,511 Canada, . 438 Mexico, 324-Sicily,,' 276 China, 200 East Indies 133 Unknown,._ 95 Greece, 55 Turkey, 54`. Arabia,: - 8 , - The year 1854 brought the lar,gest nuth ber of people, the, grano. l total for that year being 319,223. Since the establishment of this Commis sion, not less than 53,911 patients 'have been treated , at, the' Marine Hospital. Of the diseases, 33,703 cases were contagious, and ?0,216 not • and 8,319 deaths occurred at the hospital.. It, abo.uld ; be stated how ever, that over 35,000 of the cases came from the city. At Wald'a Isl.nd grant Refuge there were 101,325 admis- Sions, 11;953 deaths. , . . The avowed destinatton of emigrants Shows a c;reat preference Isar New-York first,'Pennsylvania next, and the Western States, after these two:: Since 1855 i naless than 3,491 passed through New-York for THE AgERICAN TRACT SOCIETY hasijust received two, donations of $l,OOO each. One of these 'Was' anonymous, '" for tracts and small book's for the use s of` the army and navy of the Vnited,States s ;" the other, from a long Friend : friend, one-half for the army and navy, and - the Other 'half for the general purposes of the'SoCietY.' If all 'the friends of the Society would vci ve according t o their ,ability,,,,it i iivOuld soon give a new impulse to the Society. , • THE Christian• Intelligencer gives the following significant thrust at the Rev. N. L. Rice, D.D.: Dr. Rice, on Sabbathevening last,preach ed a .sertnon in behalf of the Tract cause. Re could not havoF heard, we guess', of : the political embroylio into which the Tract So ciety was once coaxed by Bro:-Reecher,and sundry - Boston: , notion people, else: heiWould have ,been, obliged, ~ o n, his owe pr T,elpips, to forego, the, advocacy of. the. intotti4Xcel lances of the , Tract Society: h PH I LADEL.PHL4 9 1 iik THE 141 r.: .pR. at :present officiating at the „Presbyterian Theological Seminary in Phllailelphia, .fell in' the street on Thuriday;ihe''sth'initi brewing thj his left :arm. He wag tie residence of m. pßopAr Ai, eared, for. ;-, - ':I T$E REP J4llEs S BAD was tuesclak. evening zastor of 'the Fifteenth Street Presbyierian citirdN''cor ner of Lonibard,antt PifteenthlStreets.,,,, THE REV:Hui ALi)-•ViAiti&lik, tnerly . pastor of the Ninth Presbyt er ;,, chiiroh, died in this city on the 60 1 from constitutional decay. New-York Correspondence. NEw-Yogi, December 6. ISni MESSRS. EDITORS :—Our mun icipal tion, has resulted in the defeat of the av r. , demagogue who appointed a thank day with 'the impudent assertion that th e : was " nothing to be thankful for," an d Ict. closed the present canvas by a speech Sunday Beer Garden, against the Sahl, t • and all Sunday and Excise laws. A versal feeling of relief is felt that w e „ r , freed at last of an incubus we seemed ,i,.. tined to carry indefinitely, because of t! ,,, divided opposition to his rule. The friend; o f the Christian Sabbath and of social or der, especially, congratulate themselv es ~, a result which betokens a resuscitated se l f. respect, and the ascendency of right run.. ciple , over unscrupulous political intri 4zu . The dram-shop . interest has also receiv e ; a stunning blow-in the result of this e l,„ tion. Its vote was concentrated on the dc ~feated candidates, and its power in our pi t y government can be .much checked by t hj, 31ayor-elect, with the increased power o ur Legislature are likely to place in his hand: . I.t, also suffered by the presentment of t h e Grand Jury, last , week, of over nine tho u . thousand unlicensed dram shops as nti i, -settees, and the exposures of the inefficien t; of officersY of the law in suppressing t h' e known cause of a large part of the p auper. istu, taxation and crime with which tb, city is -burdened. One of the most lar results otthe Presentment is a move ment it has prompted on the part of th e decent Theatre proprietors, to extermin ate the vile " ConcertnSaloons," justly char. acterized ,by the Grand jury as t. extern. porised brothels." <Y A law for this purpo se has already :been framed, and is to h e pressed by the Theatre men themselve s . The unquestionable signs of improve. went in the moral - condition of this city cannot fail-to interest 4,,m0d men in other parts of this country. - They are many and incontrovertible. Thelawless youth, whos e drift - toward.rowdyism• - or - crime awakened the greatest : . alarm= lour or five years re, have been brought; into subjection to law, Sunday and week-day crime has greatly di minished, and public-order is rarely inter rupted. Notwithstanding - the excitement of the war,rand its anticipated social evils, it may: be, doubted /whether this city has been more -free , from•distrirbanees of the peace and other infractionwof the laws, fo r a quarter of a century: The authorities, encouraged .and suPported by the orderly daises and by the respectable press, are getting the upper-hand of crime, and with reasonable attention to public affairs, our city: may be redeemed from its humiliatin , - degeneracy in polities and morals. One of the mnst cheering•lndications of a- sanctified improvement the present unhappy War, is.found - in ,the liberal devo tion of wealthy- not only, to the support of the• Government, =but-to Charitable uses. It is not "a small thinwthat nearly seventy millions of;dollars should-have been sub scribed to the popular! loan . • But it is a greater thing that a single appeal for the :suffering ,•North. Carolinians "at Hatteras should have realised some $lO,OOO, with a readiness'to' give ten tittles as much, if needed. And this is' but one of a hun dred 'claints'''made ; on the' beneVolence of 'our citizens.' Ihappento know that a sin- Ve firm - placed forty thousand dollars in Bank last week, exclusively- for charitable objects ;:and that -inch of the amount, -perhaps already begun its manifold M a e ll r 4 - in -O s f ten e c h e r - ra iii tia t n hi n b e n u: e ll e otled l g n e ,ana single merchant has consecrated at least 4550;0b0 to "a ,'favorite educational project, Connected with missions` abroad. In yet recently e a n t i l e y a a nrer th tt,co " oo 6' 'E to k6 th eu e l Tre li as a u v r e y ding charity. These are; ii3died ; extreme id stances ;- butlliereire others that indicate the general drift of ientiment in favor of the wise' use of `accumulated wealth for the good ofthe race`.“ Our religious institu tions bay-find:fillet what Seemed to them a crushing' - calamity, will, by G od's• provi- May recall the fact; that it was dence•and grace, eventuate in rich blus h; i n r sl atgeevsriBt.;,Ch:N;;:ihni of px filled atrnet thiaiidricsotthraemoasdenisciieasi dis aster. not the 1836 year of speculation and ex tanity.l.;!7: yours:, Ksrox oppor- PERSONAL. Col. Wigfali and 2 Judge Oldhamlave been elected Senators from the State of Texas to the Confederate Congress. - ; 11rs. Mu C. Breckinrufge is said to be holding receptions in Baltimore. A, party was lately given, in her honor, at which all the ladies wore badges of - red - and-white rib bon, and ithe cakei was frosted with the same colors. She is ,re,p2qesentekas the centre of the female secession element of Baltimore. ir.lo 1° cl e m L an li d ar t lr it " F li o r r ° t w Y ll' ic t k il e e nc;, °ffl is ee a r in nati e v h e ie o f f New-Jersey, an& is from sixty t to seventy years of age. _lle wa,s admitte.d as a cadet at West Point, in the year 1814, and when appointed, to the army stood sixth in his class. Hewes breveted,Second Lieutenant in the Light Artillery corps on, the 24th of July, 1818, and was made full Seeond Lieu tenant of the Fourth Artillery, in August, 1821; before the month was out was pro moted to a First Lieutenantcy, and in Sep tember, of the same year, was , appointed an Assistant Commissary •of ,Subsistence During the years 182 4 , 4nd , 1825, be was aid-de-camp ; to Major:Ganeral Brown, and from May, q 1826 to February,, 1829, was Asetepant Quartermaster in_ the , army. In August, 183 1, Aeiwas,lbretieted fCaptain for ten years' faithful services in the army of the United States, and in April, 1835, was promoted to a full Captaincy ff , ' From Sep tember, 18.36 4 ±0, September, 1837, he acted as Lieutenant-Colopel, o f the Mounted Creek Yolunteers, ip tlie Florida war, and was breveted Majorof the United States army, for , ,liise.,gallant conduct _on ,several occa sions, and general efficiency in the war against the Florida bi,dians, his commis sion hearing ,date .govember 21, 1836. He was distinguished iii l the battle of Mon terey; was acting Major of ,histregiment in 1847; was breveted a,Lieutenant-Colonel for gallant and, meritorious conduct in the battled of, Contreras .and •Cherusbusco, his commission elatin g from August 20, 18-17, and.; Was furthe`i breveted a olonel for oal- NIA conduct at the gate of Belen. This last brevet dates from September 13, 1847 On, the 9th. day - oEl4olla q , 1851. he was appointed,full Major, of the Second Artil lery, which conithission he held at the breaking ont of the presmit troubles. On the 14th of 'May, 1861, he was promoted from the breVet Colonelcy to the full Colo neley of the new l Aitilleiy Regiment, the Fifth Artillery, ivliieh rank he still holds, Garrett Davis, wh o l as the Legislature of Nntnelty to fill the place inthe, United States Senate lately ,by:hy. the,occupiedbeen elected by ridge, is one exielled traitor Breekin of the ablest public men in Kentnek.Y. 4 1 1 4 ,' . lO a native of that State, fil th t e Y b e a i r g , li a t- nd l: av e y 44' Ilion and lins.acquired great distinction at , Bolirbon tfrict lucrative practice. Il' was a RepreileitatArd in tongress from the alawyer by profet- Yeare, 1839iion ' l.7Tl4 e 7 ll , tuc H kY is ' f r o e r sid e e ig nt is Paris ? 'the coul4 seat of Bourbon, one of the ivealthiest "bttie grass " counties in the State. When he left the public ser vice, soli& had,be riseit as a forensic d batvr atid skillfurParliamentary tactioiaol For the rresbytetiaa r, a „
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers