THE NEW TIME SYSTEM ONE THING THAT MAY COME WITH THE TWENTIETH CENTURY. A Plan That Would Simplify Matter, (ireutly— Nte<l of 11 Universal I>nv and I'll me Meridian—Some Karly Methods —Cocoanut* Clocks—Timing by Water. The new century will bring about many changes, but perhaps none of such everyday Importance as the pro posed now method of timekeeping. One of the most practical results will be that noon at Greenwich will be 32 o'clock all over the world. At present each day is spread over forty-elglit (and In some instances fifty-live) hours in different places. Willi the now system it will have it beginning and end within twenty-four hours all over the globe. The hours on our wjit dies and clocks, too, will run from one to twenty-four. It would seem odd for a while to order theatre carriages at half-past twenty-two in place of half-past tor. The waggish reply "A quarter-past thirteen" made by the policeman in the "Bali Ballads" will become the correct way of indicating "a quarter past one." But, after all, this will only he an enlargement of what actu ally begun as far back as 188(5, when the time for all "through" trains on the Canadian Pacific Railroad was first reckoned in hours running from one to twenty-four. WILL PREVENT COMPLICATIONS. The fixing of a universal prime mer idian will do away with the ambiguity which, as railways and telegraphs be come multiplied lead to such confusing complications in social nffil commer cial affairs, to errors in chronology, io litigation in connection with succes sion to property. Insurance matters, contracts, etc. The present variations of time are readily demonstrated by points in four regions about pinety degrees apart, for instance, Ja- Arabia, Newfoundland and Alas ka. On Sunday at midnight in Japan It is noon in Newfoundland, and on two distinct (lays, viz., Sunday and Monday. To explain this apparently contradictory statement note that Ara bia being west of Japan, the time there (at midnight in Japan) would bo V> p. m. Sunday, while in Alaska, being east of Japan, it would be On. m. on Monday. At C p. m. on Sunday in Ara bia it must be Sunday noon in New foundland, and at G a. m. on Monday in Alaska it must be Monday noon ninety degrees further east (i. e., in Newfoundland, also). Thus it will be seen by tracing time both east and west from a given point to its anti podes. the clock on the one hand be come twelve hours slower, and 011 the ■other hand twelve hours faster. And, therefore, it follows, as already stated, that when it is midnight on Sunday in Japan, at precisely that same moment it is noon at Newfoundland on two dis tinct days, namely, Sunday and Mon day. PERPLEXING PROBLEMS. ' It is only another application of this complicated method of time reckoning which gave rise to the following inci dent: A telegraphic message, dated 'Simla, 1.55 a. m., Wednesday," was received in London at 11.47 p. m. on Tuesday. The clerk very naturally exclaimed: "Why, this message was sent off to-morrow." The same per plexing problem has been presented by imagining a car suspended from the sun, and in the ear a man who in quires the day and time as a town rolls eastward beneath him. The an , swer, "12 o'clock noon, Monday," Is given. Presently another town comes under the car. The man asks the same question and receives the same reply, for, of course, It must always be noon, the town being immediately beneath the sun. Now comes the question, "When will the man in (lie car first receive the answor 'l2 o'clock noon, Tuesday?'" The solution is found in the fact that in traveling across the Pacific from west to east one. day lias to be repeated before reaching the American coast. If, for example, the correction be made on Saturday, July 4, there will be two Saturdays in the same week and two days of the mouth dated July 4. It Is this variation of time, too. which forms the pivotal point of the story, '"Around the World in Klghty Days," lit which the traveler, who wagered at his London club that he could go around the world and be back at the club in eighty days, so nearly lost his hot. He had forgotten this dif ference of a day, and thought that he dad completed his Journey twenty-four hours too late. ORDER OUT OF CHAOS. Does any one ask, "What Is going to straighten this out and bring about jrder out of the existing chaos?" The apswer is by simply putting into op eration the results of the deliberations of the international meridian confer ence, which met in Washington nt the invitation of President Arthur In Oc tober, 1884, for the express purpose of establishing a prime meridian and a universal day. This matter was freely discussed at the time by navi gators and astronomers, and the hope was everywhere expressed that the change would be effected on Janunry 1, 1901. At any rate it does not seem possible that the adoption of the new system can be deferred very long af ter the commencement of the twenti eth century. CRUDE TIMEKEEPERS. Even with our present defective sys lem of time-reckoning, consider how many advantages we enjoy over the ancients. In the sixth century be ' fore Christ the sun dial, which Is sup posed to have been invented by the Chaldeans, was Introduced Into Greece, probably ly the Babylonians. It was only a pillar or staff, and was not graduated so as to indicate the passage of any particular fraction of a day. When it cast a shadow six feet long, the hour for bathing had arrived, and supper was eaten when the shad ow became twelve feet long. Simple as it was, it seemed to satisfy the needs of that primitive race. It could not, of course, he used Indoors, nor was it of any use on a cloudy day. It was merely a crude timekeeper, and could not even he used for checking off certain brief periods, '""o accom plish tills the "Clepsydra," or water clock, was invented, and Greece seems to have been the land of its origin. Fifty years before tlie Christian era, a clepsydra was erected in the "Tower of the Winds" in the mrrket place at Athens. A running stream kept the water in an upper vessel at a con stant level. The discharge a float in a lower vessel. On this float was an Indicator or hand, which, as it rose, traveled over an adjacent scale and so gave a time indication, visi ble at a distance. This was the public timepiece of Alliens, and its indica tions could always lie compared with those of the sun dial 011 the frieze of the octagonal building by which it was enclosed. At the top of the roof was a weather vane in tlie form of a Triton, who pointed with his trident toward the prevailing wind. Thus the double purpose of a naval observatory and a weather bureau was accom plished. COCOANUT CLOCKS. A similar device lias been found la use among the Malay boatmen, where a perforated cocoanut shell floating In a bucket of water permits the fluid to enter gradually. When the shell becomes fi.f an hour is recorded. In northern India a copper bowl is used, and at the moment it sinks the at tendant strikes the hour upon the met al. In China the same idea occurs, but with this difference, the vessel Is filled and drop bj r drop the water Is allowed to flow out. Coming down to our own day, what else is the sandglass, which a few years ago was in common use in kitch ens to show the cook when Ihe eggs were boiled? And is not the mod ern clock based on the same prin ciples? In the clepsydra the water is the motor; the perforation, the escape ment; while the sinking of the shell or bowl is the index of the completion of a definite period. TIMING SPEECHES BY WATEB. A curious use of the clepsydra in Greece was for limiting the length of speeches in the courts. In very im portant cases an additional amount of time was allowed, and each side was permitted as much as fifty gallons of water, necessitating the use of unusu ally large amphorae. When a speaker was interrupted, to save the time be ing charged against hi 111 lie would or deT * the official to "stop the water." The system of timekeeping in Rome divided the day and night into four watches, which were determined roughly by observing the courses of the sun and stars. Noon was publicly announced by an official who from the senate watched for the appearance of the sun at a certain point AMONO THE INDIANS. Among the Moutagnnis Indians a crude form of sun dinl is used in hunt ing to let the squaws, who follow their lords and masters, know whether they may "take it easy" or "hurry up," for they might fare badly if they lagged behind when tlieir husbands were ready for supper. And so the men when hunting erect in the snow a stick at some well-known place and draw tlie exact liue of the stick's shadow in the snow before going 011. When the women arrive with their pots and oth er cooking utensils they note the new line of the shadow, and by ob serving the angle which it forms with the line already drawn In the snow they can tell how far ahead their liun hands arfc. Witli all Indian tribes the season of tlie year is indicated by observing na ture's own processes and not by months. Thus the changing of the moon, the budding of the trees, the falling of the leaves, the coming and going of the birds, all are symbolical of the various seasons. Even among the farmers in Virginia, not so very long ago the proper time for planting corn was "when the hickory leaves became as large as a squirrel's ear." The Indians have no clocks or me chanical devices for telling the time, but it is known that In Zimi and Moki the Pueblo Indians tell the arrival of noon by setting up stones and noticing when the shadows are shortest. It is not uncommon 011 farms even nowa days to have the "hands" say that when they can "stand on their head*" it is time to go to dinner. A CUMBERSOME METHOD. The old Japanese method of time keeping was very cumbersome. The clock was in charge of an attendant, whose duty it was to change the hands so as to keep pace with the con stantly changing length of the days. It was all right so long as the man at tended to his duties. Reverting once more to ancient times, it is well to bear in miml that had it not been for Julius Caesar, who established certain regulations which were formulated as the Julian calen dar, and Pope Gregory XIII., who in the sixteenth century recognized sev eral errors and defects In time reck oning and succeeded in devising his now well-known methods for correct ing them, we might still be hedged about with such confusing condtciona as would make it hard for a man to know whether he should get up or go to bed.—Washington Star. J( WFFWF The Division of the Day. Eight hours to sloop, and two to walk. And three to eat and laugh and talk, Six for study every day. Five are left for work and piny. Eat v.oll. sleep well, work well, road well, Aud your life will always speed well. —Chicago Record. The Skill of n Mouse, One day a naturalist lay motion less on a fallen log in the forest, and silently watched an animal at play in the grass near by. This was a large, brown-backed mouse—a mead ow mouse, that had come out from his home unddr the log, and, when tired of play, had sat up to make his toilet. Using his forepaws as hands, the mouse combed the white fur on his breast, and licked himself smooth and slick. Satisfied at length with his ap pearance, he began to search for food. He did not have far to go, for a few stalks of wheat grew among the thick weeds near at hand. The mouse was so large that he could probably have bent the stalk down and brought the grain within his reach. If not, he could certainly have climbed tho stalk. He did not try either of these plans, however, for these were not his ways. Sitting up very straight, he bit through the stalk as high up as he ► could reach. The weeds were so thick that the straw could not fall its full length, and the freshly cut end set tled down upon the ground, with the straw still erect and the grain out of reach. The mouse again bit the straw in two, and again the upper portion settled down. In this way ho bit off five lengths of straw before he could bring the grain within reach of his paws. These forepaws were very skil ful little hands, and he deftly husked a grain and ate it, sitting erect, and holding it to his mouth as naturally as a boy would hold an apple.—Chris tian Uplook. A Plucky Ferry Maid. Young in years, but full of vigor and buoyancy of youth, pretty Bertha Walz, a girl of 16, has a career as a ferry maid in the Ohio river that, for the novelty of its feature is rarely surpassed. For months the girl had been the sole support of her mother, younger sister, and brother. Week in and week out, unaided and alone, she had plied her big ferry skiff back and forth across the Ohio to secure means for providing for her helpless mother and sister. Bertha lives with her mother in an old, but neat appearing house-boat, 011 the banks of the Ohio river, near the Pressod Steel Car Company's works, .in Lower Allegheny. This boat has been her home for the past six years. The idea of running a regular ferry came to her through the suggestions of mill men who crossed the river at this point to the McKecs Rocks side to and from their work in the big mills. Partly through tho efforts of gener ous contributors a skiff was procured and the girl entered upon a new ca reer. She found her task rather ar duous at first, and her fair young hands were covered with many a blister at the end of a (lay's toil. But soon the muscles of her arms hade fair to rival those of the crack oars man of a varsity crew. Now she thinks nothing of rowing six or eight, stalwart men over the river 011 a single trip. Some days she makes as many as 10 trips, and has been known to take in as much*as $3 a day TS the result of her toil. The widespread popularity of her ferry, however, aroused the ire of !e: s favored ferrymen living In shanty boats near by. Fir: t. her best ; lciff was stolen, and later a new one was turned loose on the river. Finally, she was not permitted to land her skiff on the McKeos Rocks shore at. the large landing, but was made to run her boat in at somq obscure point. Considerable trouble arose over the ownership and use of a pair of wood en steps leading down the river em bankment to the shore. The climax was reached a few nights ago. Richard Griffeths, a ferry man, tried to lay violent hands on her. Only the timely appearance of a mill man and the presence of her faithful dog, which usually accompanies her for protection, saved her from serious Injury at. his hands. As a result, suit was promptly entered against Grif feths on a charge of disorderly con duct before Alderman Lynch. At th' hearing Griffeths was fined $lO and costs or 20 days in jail. The steps claimed by Griffeths as personal prop erty wore declared to be government property, and It was decreed that the fair prosecutor was fully entitled to their use.—Pittsburg Chronicle-Tele graph. What Our Native lllrrift Do for Man. It has been proved by the work of the Audubon society and by the re search of Mr. E. H. Forbush,ornitholo gist of the Massachusetts state board of agriculture, that, much as humans claim to love the trees and the for ests, the birds love them even more and are in a position to do more dl i rect good in their preservation than are we. Take, for Instance, the fact that the stomach of one yellow-billed cuckoo shot at G o'clock In the morn ing contained the partially digested remains of 43 tent caterpillars, and see if you have in your \cquaintance a person who would be likely to have I destroyed so mac y pests V~j that hour in the morning. Then take into con- 1 sideration, says the Boston Tran script, the fact revealed by Mr. For- < bush that there are 46 of our native | birds that feed from preference on the gypsy moth and it is easy to compute the good work these birds will do if given a chance —and, it's not costing the commonwealth so much by a good round sum to pro tect them as did the great sham ; battle the gypsy-moth commission put , up against that nuisance. Most of these birds that are so fond of gypsy moth diet are also partial to the brown-tail moth caterpillar, the can ker worm and all the rest of the worms and insects that take the beauty out of trees and forests. It is acknowledged, of course, by the most ardent advocates of bird protec tion, that blue-jays prey on the nests of other birds, that the grosbeaks and purple finches eat buds and blossoms, that a good many of the birds eat fruit and the buds of trees, and that wood peckers do some damage to the trunks of the trees. Yet all these sins charged up to their credit are as nothing when weighed in the balance with their beneficent ministrations. It is urged that nesting boxes and boxes also which may bo used for winter quarters, placed about in the woods and on the edge of the woods, will do a great deal to prevent harm coming to them from cats or from ex posure to extreme cold weather. Then, this much accomplished, it would be a simple matter and not an expensive one for a community to undertake to supply them with grain or food of some sort when the snow covers the ground and the twigs. Other foes to the birds —the gunners and the mis chievous boys—must also be dealt with by, say, one part of moral sua sion to nine of rigid legislation, and a long life and a useful one may be assured the birds. A Stow of Tliree Mary Dameron tells in St. Nicholas a story of three dogs. The other day, she says, I was walking from the city to the hospital. It is a long walk-, and I was alono. Just as I had cleared the city, and was climbing a wearisome hill, a dog came walking towards me. He had a coat of white-and-brown shaggy hair, clean, ; and soft as silk. He did not hesitate, but came right up to me. and. stand ing on his hind feet, put two soft paws up to my waist, and looked into my face as if he would say, "Good day! I don't know who you are, but I want you to love me, and oh, I know you will! Everybody does. I am j sure the world must be full of love." I What deep, expressive brown eyes he had. They seemed to speak, al- : though he did not utter a sound. I | patted his head, and he rested against • me with the confidence of a trusting i child. I stood a moment and patted ; him. He seemed to expect it. Present- I ly I bade him good-by, and walked on. ! -It was not long before I met another j dog. He was a little black fellow, and j his small eyes fairly danced with j mirth as they peeked out from he- j neath their hairy lids. He was evi- j dently desirous of play. He darted : toward me, # nud circled round me, bouncing, and wagging his tail. He was soon off to the road again. I , threw up my gloved hand, and called, j "Come, little doggy!" He came, only to be off again like a flash, looking back every moment, as he ran, as if to say, "What are you walking at that snail's pace for? You'll never catch me in the world!" He did not come to rae again. I think he was disgusted. So I walked on. It was some moments before I saw another dog, but just as I was turn ing into the broad, fir-bordered ave nue leading to the hospital. I spied a big, spotted fellow trotting toward me. As be neared me, he looked up with a forbidding eye, and began to tuck his tail close to his hind logs. Ho came on, and as he was passing 1 grasped a fold of my dress, which wa3 dragging on the ground. My motion (wmed to frighten him. for with a bound, he commenced to run down the road. I looked back, and he stop ped at some distance, and seemed to watch me, probably to 3oe if I had meant to strike him. "I'll learn something about the home life of these dogs," I said to myself. I found that the brown-3potted dog was called "Pete." He was the pet of an invalid. She could not Jump, and frisk, and play; she could only love him, and he had learned to be a gentle, loving little dog. The little black fellow was "Bounce." He was the pet of a family of boys and girls. He played with them all day long, and at night he was put to sleep in a nice warm bed. The last dog was "Dick." Poor Dick! He belonged to a rough, un kind family. Ho was not half fed, and feared to put his head in at his mas ter's door, for fear of a kick. At night he sought shelter from the cold and snow ar-where he could find it. When I mot hira he was doubtless returning from the hospital back yard, where good Christine, the cook, is ready to feed all the stray dogs and cats that come to her. And such dogs as poor Dick are quick to find any body with a kind heart like Chris tine's. So T have begun to think dogs are like looking-glasses, reflecting the manners of their masters in their own. If I had a dog I'd want him io be like Pete, but if I were a boy or girl I'd want him to be like Bounce. KPTOI utionn Fr*fth Kvury Hour. The South American stretched him self, yawned, and sat up. "Well, how goes ilie government?" asked the visi tor who had just entered. "How do I know?" was the answering qestlon. I've been asleep for over an hour."— Chicago Evening Post. - . . ■ -1 I 1 BLIP IL LIT. . - . > • Y ..i Y I This picture tells its own story of sisterly affection. The older girl, just budding into womanhood, has suffered great ly with those irregularities and menstrual difficulties which ! sap the life of so many young women. ■ Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound can | always be relied upon to restore health to women who thus j suffer. It is a sovereign cure for the worst forms of female complaints, —that bearing-down feeling, weak back, falling and displacement of the womb, inflammation of the ovaries, and all troubles of the uterus or womb. It dissolves and expels tumors from the uterus in the early stage of develop ment and checks any tendency to cancerous humors. It subdues excitability, nervous prostration, and tones up the entire female system. fflowM anything provo n:asro oConHy tho of flblenoy of ffflrs* Pinkham's Mcsiilasno than tho following strong statement of Gracs Sianshcsry? 44 DBAII MRS. PINKHAM I was a sufferer from female weakness for about a year and a half. 1 hove tried doctors aud patent medicines, but nothing helped me. I underwent tho horrors of local treatment, but re ceived no benefit. My ailment was pronounced ulceration of the womb. | ovaries, and tho bacl.ache was dreadful. I had I I loucorrhcca in its worst form. Finally, I grew so I | weak I had to keep my bed. The pains were so | hard as to almost cause spasms. When I could V v cn( lurc the pains no longer, I was given morphine. f M J memory grew short and I gave up all hope of *' getting well. Thus I dragged along. To please i[j Jl m ? B^g ter 1 wrote to Mrs. Pinkham for advice. Her V mw 9 answer co-m© but meantime I was taken worse si and was under tho doctor's care for a while. Y~ yik. j 44 After reading Mrs, Pinkham's letter, I con eluded to try her medicine. After taking two bottles I felt much better; but after using six J bottles I was curod. All of my friends think my ratgy cure almost miraculous. I thank you ver y. much GRACE 'STANSCuavfI for your timely advice and wish you prosperity ' iti 1 " '11..' -rrsiJ j n y our noble work, for surely it is a blessing to broken-down women. I have full and complete faith in the Lydia 9 E. Pinkham Vegetable Compound."—GßACE B. STANSBURY, j SCNNN REWARD SSSBSE ' LM WW H2 H H National City Bank, Lynn, MIM , $5,000, , iter'• special po*mis*ion.'-- I.VIUAE. PUICHAM MUDSCINU CO! g W aa—awnaa—— —asaa—an ragagagaßßananwwap The ii 2 cotton mills of Mexico con sumed last year 57.000,000 pounds of , cotton and produced nearly 10.000.000 ] j pieces of woven and printed goods. I These mills give employment to 22.000 1 operatives, and the sales for the year ' | amounted t<> more than 525.000.000. 1 Try Graln-O! Try Grnln-O! Ask your grocer to-dny to show you a pack ago of GIIATS-0, the now food drink that taken the place of cofifeo. The children may drink it without injury as well as the adult. All who try it, liko it. GKAIN-Q has that rich seal brown of Mocha or Java, but it is made from pure grains, and the most delicate stomach received ! it without distress. the price of coffee. 15 aud 250. per package. Sold by all grocers. j Edward Goll, oi Nappanec, Ind., had | 14 acres of wheat that was a failure last j ! spring. He bought nine bushels of flax- j | seed, which cost him sl3; sowed the | seed April 10, and from the 14-acrc field i threshed in August 215 bushels of flax- j j seed, which he has just sold for $333.25. I Coughing l.rad* to Cnnmpiln. Kemp's Balsam will stop the cough at once, j Go to your druggist to-day and get a snmnle I bottle froo. Bold in 25 and 50 cent bottles. . Go at once, dolays aro dangerous. A chameleon, when blindfolded, loses j the power to change its hues, and the j entire body remains of a uniform color. ■ i i | Cold Agony | : Pain intensified by cold is unbearable. Neuralgia in winter must seek J St. Jacobs Oil li ; Tor the surest relief aud promptest cure. Two thousand gallons of air aire a grown-up person's allowance for 34 hours. The stomnoh hns to work hard, grinding the food wo crowd into it. Make Its work easy by chewing Peeman's Pepsin Gum. The recent census taken throughout Switzerland has shown a remark blc in crease in the number of inhabitants. Perhaps the m<>-t extraordinary growth is in the Canton of Zurich, who v il lation in ISBB numbered 337,183. but now it is 428,030. an increase <f 90.847 in habitants in 12 years. This is consid ered a world's record. Geneva has in creased by 21.412 persons during the same period. l.anr'* family TfeilirJnr Moves tho bowels each day. In order to bo healthy this is necessary. Acts gently on tho liver and kidneys. Cures sick headache. Price 25 and 50 cents. Georgia has led the United States in ! textile mill building during the current 1 year, with North Carolina a close scc : ond and South Carolina in third place, i The two Carolinas still have each a I larger number of cloth factories than I Georgia, but the latter is steadily forg- I ing to the front. Thnre Is a Class of People Who aro injured by tho UHO of coffee. Recently thero has been placed in nil the grocery storos ft now preparation celled GBAIN-O, mado of puro grains, thnt takes tho place of coffee. The most delicate stomach n ?cives it without distress, and but few can tell it from coffee. It dooa not cost ovor as much. Children may drink it with great benefit. 15 cts. and 25 eta. yor package. Try it. Ask for GRAIN -O. , An Italian who has returned from j Abyssinia declares that in the more dis ! tant parts of that country there arc still I a large number of Italian soldiers liv ; ing in shvery. They are mostly men I who were wounded at the battle Adowa. 1 left on the field and subsequently taken 1 prisoners. Headaches and Nervousness fared by a remedy compounded of simple Herbn. Physicians have had the moat signal success in prescribing Garfield Headache Powders ft * Nervousness and Headaches. j In Hartford. Conn., the life of every j cat is in peril. The board of health of 1 that city has come to the conclusion that cats are the means of carrying diph theria. The licit Prescription for Chills and Fever la a bottle of (JIIOVK'S TARTBI.KM CHII.L IONIC. It la sluiply iron au>l quinine in a tasteless form. No cure—uo pay. Price 800. In Cincinnati there is talk of a.v.\> j mobile lines to compete with the street I cars
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers