"OLD MAID" OFFENSIVE TERM I fiO CHANCE TO GO. WRONG Bueno&Aires a Modern City if-, . u -i THE city of Huenoa Aires, cap ital of the Argentine Repub lic, has an estimated popula tion of 1,300,000 Inhabitants. The rate of Increase has been close to five per cent, from year to year, and promises 1.0 raise above this owing to circumstances that are naturally and artificially advanta geous. This growth of the city Is high as compared to other important cities of both Europe and America, surpassing even every city in the United States except Chicago. The reasons for this Increase can be traced to three causes. The first is the steady stream of immigration which flows from other countries to- - ward the River Platte; in 1907 329,122 Individuals landed at the port: of these 209,113 were immigrants arriv ing for settlement wihln the coun try. The nationality of these embryo clt f izens Is of great interest: Italy and Spain send the largest proportion, but Russia, Syria, France, Astralia, Ger many, ureat Britain and Portugal each send over 1,000; every country In Europe offers some contribution, all divisions of Africa and many of the Latin-American republics are repre sented, while North America, China and Japan and Africa help to. swell the total. Not all of these Immigrants become residents of Buenos Aires, some going further Into the interior, and a measurable proportion re turning to their oversea homes (of course this does not imply that the same individuals come and go, but ' Immigration usually surpasses emigra tion by certain fairly accurate fig tires); the result, however, is that up- ward of 100,000 Immigrants are added each ear In the population. ( The Birth Rate High. The second cause is the high birth rate enjoyed by Buenos Aires, for sev . ral years this has .been steadily maintained at close to 35 per 1,000. This is twice as high as that of Paris, half again as high as that of London, higher than that of New York, and surpassed by the birth rate of Nuremberg, Germany, only. The chief cause is the low death rate of the city in which respect it compares very favorably with all the cities of the civilized world, beine lower than that of Paris and New York, and higher than that of London, Edinburg, Berlin and Hamburg. The results in the reduction of the death rate are due unmistakably to the great prog ress made by the municipality of Bue nos Aires In all details of improving the hygiene of the city. Buenos Aires is both a municipality -and the capital of the Argentine re public, and as such has an organiza tion as a city as well as an Intimate connection with the federal govern ment The latter association is main ' talned by means of an official called the lntendente (municipal), who Is ap pointed by the president (poder ejecu tlvo) of the republic, subject to the approval of the national senate, for a term of four years, and who receives a salary. He performs to a great de gree the function of mayor in any North American city, and is to a large extent amenable to the rules of the deliberate council. Through him municipal matters are presented to the national assembly whenever nec essary, and he likewise, as representa tive of the nation, Is empowered, act Jng thus through the minister of the -interior, to present to the municipali ty whatever business has originated in congress. Other manifestations of this dual character of" the city are to Ibe found In the direction of the police .and ifire departments, which are under the control of, and the expense of .which are met by, the federal govern imeat Certain factors of the educa itlonal system, and likewise the sani tary regulations of the city, carried i itut by means of a national depart jmunt of hygiene and a municipal da-. partment of public service the Agist- ancla Publlca are partly national in character. These institutions will be examined later. How the City Is Governed. The city, municipality itself, Is di vided into 20 parishes (parroquias), corresponding to the wards of a North American city. From these par ishes, on basis of population, repre sentatives are chosen by ballot of the citizens tc form a body called the Concejo Deliberante, corresponding in most details to our common council. These officials serve without pay for a term o. four years, one-half of their number being elected every two years, however. This so-called delib erative body chooses from among its members a president. These officials serve as provisional substitutes for the lntendente whenever occasion re quires. The great departments of the muni cipal government may be classified as follows: Finance, which includes the functions usually understood in such a department; public works, having charge of municipal buildings, water supply, sewers, Btreets, paving, re pairing and opening of streets and al leys, administration of building laws, control of public markets, bridges, parkB squares and monuments; se curity and hygiene, giving particular attention to buildings like theaters, where public meetings are held; street cleaning, food supplies, regula tion of weights and measures, certain authority over hospitals and asylums, prevention or control of epidemics and the municipal side of the public relief service. Rules for the preservation of public morality are enforced through this department. A law department is also maintained. Buenos Aires Is about equal in size to Washington, D. C. (which in this respect is coextensive with the Dis trict of Columbia), but smaller than London, Marseilles or Manchester, Greater New .York, New Orleans, Phil adelphia and Chicago, and larger than Paris, Berlin or Vienna. Ample prep, aratlon has been made for future growth; because the open spaces, ex clusive of an extensive park system, will permit a much greater population than lives at present within its con fines. In the city ten years ago there were 65,000 houses; 64,000 building permits were issued since then to 1906; and in 1907 there were 14,489 building permits Issued, which is the highest figure reached in the city's history. The city Is laid out on the rectangu lar plan, each square measuring 130 meters (almost 400 feet) on a side. The rectangular pattern Is more evi dent away from the older portion of the city, where, despite the radical improvements within the past genera tion, some Irregularity was unavoida bly left. Every corner of street inter sections is marked in clear letters by' the name of the street, easily readable by the foot passengers; street num bering is on the' century systeja.At the end of 1907, 7,000,000 square yards of pavement had been laid, the most generally used being granite blocks with mortar foundation, stone, wooden blocks, macadam and asphalt Over 300 Streets. The number of individual streets passes the 300 mark, but some of the longest have separate names for sep arate sections. If extended In a straight line they would measure about 600 miles. Many of them are fine, broad avenues 100 feet or more in width, only a few of the narrow passages of the earlier city being left after the reconstruction of the city lrom 1889 onward. The municipal revenue, is derived from many of the same sources that furnish funds to all cities. Among the sources of revenue Included under the tax lists are imposts upon street cars, carriages, dogs, theaters, billiard halls, telegraph and telephone messages, the use of spaces beneath city streets, on provisions and wagons conveying them about the city, peddlers, hotels and such public houses, cellars, tc. Such a special taxation as cities In the United States impose upon what are here called saloons, the intent of which is often quite as much for the purpose of prohibition as it Is to raise revenue. Is not applied In Buenos Aires, because the people are, In the main, temperate, and the business of dispensing beer, wine or stronger al coholic drink is not so specialized there. Many shops sell drinkables, but saloons or barrooms are to be found only In too congested center of the city, where foreign habits have j popularized themselves in a cosmo politan sense. FOR GIFT SEASON DAINTY TRIFLES THAT MAY BE ' PREPARED NOW. No Need to Go to Great Expense In Providing Welcome Presents for Your Friends When Christ mas Is Here. ' With strips of cardboard for founda tion and a fairly ingenious mind there can be evolved some of the most At tractive holders for gifts or acces sories that feminine hearts can wish. It is never too early to prepare for the gift-giving season, and for summer work nothing Is more enjoyable than to make from cardboard the holders pictured here. Fold a handkerchief in quarters. This will give you an idea of the size of squares of cardboards, which you will cut and cover with silk. Figured Bilk Is effective for the outer covering. This must lap over the edges and be met by plain silk that reflects one of the colors of the outer facing. Baste and hem with fine stitches this inner piece. When two of these silk squares are ready, make a band of silk elastic, with a tiny rosette of colored ribbon to match the' lining; this resembles a small garter, and when the gift handkerchief is placed between the silk covers, the elastic Is clasped over the case. -It Is an idea from Paris, and one that is as pretty as it Is clever. For your friend the bride, or your aunt the homekeeper, a dolly roll Is a welcome gift. You can make It from a cylinder with muslin, which you can paste on, turning in on each edge far enough to give a covering for the in side of the roil. The outer cover can MODEL COSTUME OF LINEN Cedar-Green in Color and Trimmed With Linen Braid and Buttons to Match. Cedar-green linen is employed for our model, which has a. panel taken down front of bodice and continued to hem of skirt; this Is edged with linen braid to match, also buttons; several rows of braid trim the lower part of skirt. A handsome design Is braided round the middle of the skirt sloping to the back. The bodice Is trimmed to match, and has the sleeves cut In with the side. Lawn is used for the yoke and under-sleeves. Hat of chip with puff crown of lawn, trimmed with bunches of flowers and foliage. Materials required: Five and one half yards linen 44 inches wide, about six dozen yards braid, oae-half yard lawn 42 inches wide, &14 dozen buttons.- . When on a Trip. No one should start on a trip or summer vacation without a hot water and an ice bag. The need of them is often when stores are Closed. ' Besides the bags there should be a folding aluminum alcohol lamp, as it is rarely easy to get boiling water quickly 'j strange places. be of figured silk; better still, of em broidered linen that can be buttoned on the form with tiny loops and but tons, and removed for the necessary cleaning. Try this if you are search ing for a grateful smile. ' Then there Is the ribbon holder made of very thin cardboard. An ob long piece should be covered with silk, dainty muslin or mull. An extra straight piece must be added and di vided by a line of stitches into little pockets, each one large enough for a roll of lingerie ribbon. . The narrow ones at the end show a delightful ad dition of a pair of small scissors and the bodkin or. threader. The whole article folds in three flaps and Is tied firmly with colored ribbon. The monogram of the owner is suggested as the personal touch always appre ciated. One piece of pasteboard will make the holder for stockings. Cover with paste and apply the cretonne, silk or poplin. Or sew the material as sug gested In the handkerchief case. This straight piece should then be folded and the hosiery slipped be tween the top and bottom. A ribbon tied over the case and its contents Is a good finish. For spools, cut two disks of card board and cover with cretonne or chintz. With a piercer make holes In each and place the spools between. Run cord through the spools and the covered disks and knot at the top. For a little addition to the sewing basket this suggestion comes as an Inexpensive relief. All with cardboard as the working basis! The scraps of silk and cotton are not difficult to find, and practical women will always manage to have a little time to use in a sensible way.' Why not make the holders for your Christmas presents? WITH THE FOULARD FROCK Most Appropriate Hat to Accompany This Popular Material of the Moment. A hat of drawn net made over a wire frame, which would go appro priately with a foulard frock, could have bias edges and a chou of im mense size of the same silk. The ad dition of a rose would give it the true milliner look, for the modiste always gives an extra little touch to these home-made-looking hats. Some trim mings for the coarser straw hats are of the rudest description wide scarfs of a linen so rough that it seeniB like canvas, and this patched over at the ends with one or more bias bands of flowered cotton. One black hat seeu recently had a scarf of linen as coarse as gunny sacking and figured cotton bands in the most dazzling hue. As the trimming was all very stiff, It was put primly about the crown, with nn immense tailored bow at the side.' More dressy styles may be made of flowered chiffon and plain taffeta, these materials in bright or delicate colors providing the smartest hat that can be had for the midsummer frock in airy materials. A superb hat worn at a recent affair was of rtiantecler red chiffon figured with a deeper red mingled with a smoky blue. It was in the shape of a huge sailor. The chif fon was shirred with cords over a wire frame, taffeta in the lighter Bhade binding edges and farming the crown band and side bow not taffeta put on in the usual manner, but finely plaited and edged in turn with a neat plain bias. The very edge of the hat had this double treatment of the silk and It showed up mo'st artistically In the wide band and bow. Although the price paid for this hat was $40, it could be made at home for $1. Make New Girdles. They are an attractive means of freshening and changing frocks, the newness of which has worn oft. Bargains are plentiful this time of year in ends of brocade, short lengths of Boft ribbon and handsome trim mings In motif or mednllton effect. Small remnants of fringes may be worked In, too, for trimming, and fringed sash ends. Most of the girdles are made quite high In front. There may be a deep, long motif ol some kind of fabric, caught with soft ribbon which ties around the waist and falls over the skirt In back. Smart 0tlng Hats. , Smart-looking outing hats with large round crowns and medium-wide brims, the latter slightly turned up an Inch all the way round, are of natural coloi shantung, the material laid on smooth, the edge bound with black velvet. The trimmings are scarfs of Persian silk, soft and full, laid In deep folds around the crown, and finished with twist at the left side, held In place with Egyptian ornaments. Women Hate the Appellation, but Philosophically Consider It Is Dig nified and Complimentary. It seems strange that an unmarried woman should object seriously to be ing called an old maid. But one of that blessed status in life took offense at the term in Long Island and caused the man who applied it to her to be haled Into court, where he was stern ly reprimanded by the magistrate and directed to expunge the word from his vocabulary. Hut it is not clear where in lay his offense. The terra is dig nified and complimentary. There may linger a feminine 'objection of the ad jective "old," but that could be elim inated by a very slight application of philosophy. As for the noun, it Is us ually supplemented by terms of pralBe. Unmarried men do not rush Into court when they nro called bachelors, or even old bachelors. The bachelor uncle Is normnlly n delight to nephews and nieces. The maiden aunt is be loved and cherished in every household blessed by her presence. She is not in frequently its most attractive mem ber, even without the clinrnis of youth. For that 'she has substituted a golden glow of placid beneficence. If there were In her early life a love affair, It Is preserved in the lav ender leaves of her memory. She has no occasion to brood, nor need melan choly cloud her brow. The geo grophicol distribution of old maids In the United States has happily grown less uneaven. But it Is prob able that the number of old maids by their own choice Is greater even than before the days of more money per capita and of readier transportation. Women has advanced In both educa tion and Independence. She can, when she will, set higher standards for her choice. The suitor has more difficulty - proving his case, provided the fair o.te Is endowed with discriminating Judgment. There Is less common need of marriage for a home. Such emancipation of femininity would have Inevitably an effect upon the census. It may have also Its In fluence upon the development of char acter. Within somewhat elastic socio logical limits there cannot be too many old maids among the population. They have their peculiar mission to perform, and they usually meet its re quirements with sweetness and light Doubtless it was the Intent of the Long island boor that consituted his offense. He might better wish that this maid may grow older and older. Men and Animals. It Is difficult to make out Just why at this period of history there should be a sudden multiplication of plays in which the animal and vegetable kingdoms ,take the chief parts. The genre is, of course, as old as Aesop, but the new century has touched It with a fresh tenderness, a new sense of the kinship of all life. Some day a German doctor of sociology will make research studies and decide what hidden influences are at work. In the middle of the nineteenth century the peasant and the plain man rose suddenly to the pinnacle of romantic attraction. Up to this time literature had concerned itself chiefly with the aristocracy. If the peasant was in troduced, it was as a Jester, a money maker, a laughing interlude. But t! tragedies, difficulties, the shining gifts of life seemed to belong only to those of distinguished social position. Is it the influx of religious ideas from the east; is it, perhaps, an ef fect of the renewed interest in, the mystic consciousness, "the Call of the Whole," the sense of the unbroken links of life, that has sent the drama Itself to the life of the trees and in animate objects, of barnyard fowls and insects, for characters? Har per's. Weekly. Cutting Up Battleships. Formerly the cutting up of huge masses of steel like the armor belt on old battleships was a Herculean Job, costing much time, money and use of powerful machinery. To tear up an old battleship was the labor of months, re quiring the careful cutting of no end of rivets and laborious chiseling and hammering. Such a Job can now be done In a Jiffy by a bigblowplpe, In which air and coal gas are burned under pressure. Two fine nozzles close together do the Job. Or, if coal gas is not handy, acetylene or gasoline vapor can be used. Of course, the blowpipe is connected to the gas holder by a strong rubber hose. With the gas lighted and the air turned on, the hardest steel runs off like a bar of melting wax. The cut Is surpris ingly clean and smooth, the metal in ho way being injured. The same sure way can be used in the cutting down of big trees and big, thick timber, in stead of the slower and more ex pensive ax and saw. It can be used instead of drills and chisels In drilling holes and planing off rough steel. greatest disadvantage is difficulty in getting coal gas, but the gasoline takes its place pretty well. She Admitted It. A young lady from the country got Into one of the town tramcars. The vehicle had not got far when the con ductor said affably: "Your fare, miss." The lady blushed. The conductor repeated, "Your fare, miss!" and the lady blushed more deeply.) By this, time the conductor began to look foolish. After a pause he again repeated: "Miss, your fare!" "Well," said the lady, "they Bay I'm good-looking at home, but I don't see why you' want to say it out loud." Jester. . . Statement of Beauty Doctor May Hav Been True, but It Was Not Gallant. William F. Oldham, bishop of Sing apore, talked at a dinner, on his last visit to New York, about missionary work, "A certain type of man," he said, "goes about declaring that we dom inant races civilize the- savage out of existence that we do them harm In stead of good. "Well, as a matter ef fact, it these cavaliers knew what I know about some tribes, they would speak less confidently. Some tribes are so de based that to do they anything but good would hardly be possible. They are, In fact, Just like the ngly wom an who visited the beauty doctor. "This woman was ugly In every fea ture, but her nose was particularly ugly. That, no doubt, was why she desired the beauty doctor to begin on it. " 'I am willing,' she said, 'to pay you liberally, doctor, but I demand In return substantial results. We will start with my nose. Can you guar antee to make It Ideally beautiful?" "The doctor, after looking attentive ly nt the woman's nose, replied: " 'Well, madam, I can't say as to Ideal beauty, hut a nose like yours I couldn't help Improving if I hit It with a mallet' " Pipe Gives Cadet Typhoid. Midshipman Smith, who was strick en with typhoid fever on the Indiana at Plymouth, England, contracted the disease. It is said, from Bmoklng a briar used nearly a year ago by hi roommate at Annapolis who had a bad case of typhoid. This theory is taken as proof that concentrated nicotine cannot destroy a typhoid germ. The medical department of the navy will examine into the theory with the re sult that midshipmen of the future may confine themselves to their own pipes. Not to Overdo It. Lily I'se gwine to a s'prlse party tonight. Miss Sally. Miss Sally What will you take for a present? Lily Well, we dldn' cal'late on takln' no present. Yo' see, we don't wan' to s'prise 'era too much. Evidences of Wealth. , "I wish we had a piano; I'd like to Impress those people." "Show 'em the piece of beef you've got In the refrigerator." WORTH MOUNTAINS OFGOLD During Change of Life, says Mrs. Chas. Barclay Granlteville, Vt "I was passing through theChangeof Life and suffered lrom nervousness andother annoying symptoms, and I can truly say that LydlaE.Pinkham's Vegetable Com pound has proved worth mountains of gold to me, as 16 restored my health and strength. I never forget to tell my friends what LvdiaE.Pinkham'a Vegetable Compound has done for me during this trying period. Complete restoration to health means so much to me that for the sake of other suffer ing women I am willing to make mr trouble publlo so you mar publish this letter." Mrs. Chas. JUbclat,' B.F.D.,Graniteville. YL . No other medicine for woman's ills, has received such widespread and un Jiuallfled endorsement. No other med cine we know of has such a record of cures of female Ills as has Lydia E.1 Pinkham's Vegetable Compound. . . For more than 80 years it has been curing female complaints such as inflammation, ulceration, local weak nesses, fibroid tumors, irregularities, periodic pains, backache Ingestion bb& nervous prostration, and it is unequalled for carrying women safely through the period of change of life." It costs but little to try Xydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound, and, asMrs.Barclay8ays,ltis "worth moun, ' tains of gold " to suffering women. Relieves the PAIN of a Burn N'l Instantly and takes out all inflammation In' one day. The most serious Burns and ScaMs instantly relieved and quickly healed By D r.Porter'G Antiseptic Healing: Oil A soothing antiseptic discovered by an Old Railroad Surgeon, All Druggists re fund money if it fails tocure. 25c, 50c & $ 1. Full Mr, lie lee Co. Bent. N. C Mywttowie leverelv named lrom a red ho cook too. WeepplledDH. PORTER'S ANTISEPTIC HEAL ING OIL. lad la tea mlautei her bural wero relieved. We uted it ei directed aud la lew deyf the buras wera entirely heeled. We ceo itfoagl leceaunead It 10 heal the worst burae tad toree. I SI reed) J. W, Oarer,. Wotery PtibHa. Made by . Maker of Laxative Bromo Qulnina
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers