England produced five uew hovels for every day of 18!)". In 1890, wording to the census, the foreigu-born of the United Ntntes were: Germans. '2,784.8(14; Irish, 1, 871,500; English, 1100,00'.'; Scotch, 242,281. . Hit-miii has the most ropidly increns ing population of nny country in the world. The gronth during the last hundred yen bus been n frnctioti It"1 than 1,000,000 annually. Murder ncemn to he decreasing in France, simply from tlit fact tlmt it in not paying industry. Htatistie from Paris show tlmt for twenty-one mur ders tho perpetrators only averaged 910 each. The general impression tlmt women hove only recently been employed in business houses is not correct. Miss Emetine E. Woodbury, wb bus just died, wns for nearly fifty years tho bookkeeper in n Huston business house, mid she succeeded another woman who had held the same place. The delta of the Danube is ubout to be drained and rescued for agricul tural purposes by the Roumnninn government. Nearly 750,000 acres of fertile land will be made available. Th enterprise is the greatest of its kind ever undertaken, and at least five year will 1 required to cany it to completion. Ilenr the complaint of the London Graphic thus:' "Our society seems to have degenerated into what may bo defined as a fortuitous concourse of pretentious ntoms. Fruity womeu and rich nieu form a combination which is not rare, and a gveat centre of civilization as Loudon is should be able to produce something more strik ing than that." Much has been written about tho asefnlnexs of mnsic iu the treatment of disease. That it has a certain effect is undoubted, and a recent suggestion is that a pleasaut-toned music box would probably prove ns effective us sleeping potions w ith a large class of nervously deranged patients. The nse of music, in the nightmare or "night terrors" of children has been subject of experiment. Cases pecu liarly obstinate to all other treatment were at once benefited, and after - time apparently cured, by having pleasing airs played on an instrument during the approach and first hour or two of (dumber. The Rev. 'Charles A. Berry reports to his British frieuds that during bin recent visit to this country lie whs most impressed by the flunk, manly, reverent speech of American Chris tians when discussing divine things, their zeal fur their own particului church, minister, and denomination, and the thorough efficiency of their Sunday-school work. He is reported to have said that, on the whole, it was well that the Olney-Pauncefot arbitration treaty failed, for it would not have been popular or had the support of the masses. He believed it better to wait for publics sentiment to gather force, so that it will roso lutely back up any treaty constructed on similar lines. Corn flour used in adulterating wheut flour is made like wheat flour, explains Farm News. The corn is crushed be tween rolls, and the flour is dusted out as the meal runs over a bolt This meal is crushed and i-ebolted several times, until nearly all the starchy part of the grain is in the form of tine floor. This corn flour is mixed with and sold as wheat flour. Consider ing that corn costs the miller about one-fourth as much as wheat, there is wide margin of profit in mixing tho Honrs. How much mixed flour is now put on the market is not known, but the evil has grown to magnificent pro portions. This matter recently came up before the National Board of Tra la, at the meeting iu Washington, in the form of a resolution, urging Congrost to impose tax upon the manufactur ers of mixed flours, and to require that such flour shall be pluinly branded 'mixed flour." The New York Pro duce Exchange has taken an import ant step toward correction of the evil of mixed flour, by a very simplo pro cedure, which we believe, if adopted by all the other inspection markets, will be more effective as to results de sired than the tax regulation plan. The exchange at New York, through its flour oommittea,has instructed the inspector that flour containing any foreign substance shall not be graded, nd that packages containing such flour shall not receive the brand of that exchange. It is to be hoped that other ewbanjr.es will net in the sam rnnr. WASHINGTON'S HOME AT MOUNT VERNON. 3 s 1 v 5 During tho Civil War there was only one spot in all our now United Slates where soldiers of both armies ftonld meet on common ground ns frieuds, not foemen, ns brothers and tons of one father, the "Father of His Country." That spot was Mount Vernon. A "truce of tlod" prevailed throughout the broad acres that con tained the homo and tomb of Wash ington. Whrlher hunted by their enemy or drawn hither by the some reverent in spiration that attracts visitors to Mount Vernon from every part of tho habitable globe, wearers of the bluo and the grny were eipinlly welcome. The only restriction placed npon their coming was tho servants' request that they leave their arms at whntever point they entered the grounds, some times at the old porter's lodge, three- quarters of a mile away. At Washington tomo nnarmeu pickets of the Bouth and North fre quently met during ttye years of the "great conflict." Hacred, however, as this home of peace is, it is to the women of the United States, and to them alone, that we owe the purchase and preservation' of Washington's home, and only their loving enre has made possible the past and present restoration of this fine old typo of the colonial mansion of a century nnd "a half ago. The high privilege and real happiness of visiting this house and grounds, with all" thoir varied and tangible memorials so intimately as sociated with the life and character of the immortal Washington, the American people owe to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union. Of the early struggles and pntientlnbors of successive members of tUih association much might be said. Organized in 1808, under the regency of Miss Ann ramela Cunuinghnm, it obtained by purchase some 200 of the thousands of acres owned by the lato Colonel John Augustine Washington, last private owner of Mount Vernon, who found himself unable to maintain the estnte. To his credit be it said. Colonel Washington did not sell the land ou which rests the tomb of (ion eral Washington and his family. Tho tomb, or the two acres containing it, were deeded as a gift te the associa tion. Later donations from Jay Gould and others have increased tho real estate of the association to '237; acres. The restoration, equipment and keeping of the respective rooms of the mansion have been intrusted to the noble womeu of the different Btates represented iu the Board of Vice-Regents. These vice-regents are representative women of most of the leading States, appointed by the regent, their names being submitted by her to the Board of Vice-Regents for confirmation or rejeotiou, after the manner of Presidential appointments. There are thirty-three vice-regents now in office. These ladies have wrested what they atfeotiouately stylo "this, our beloved home," from decay and almost from annihilation. Not only the mansion and tomb with its family vault and two sarcophagi in olosiug the remains of "tho General' and his "consort" receive their anxious care, but the work of the as sooiation extonds to all tho outbuild ings and every distinctive feature of the grounds that has any connection witn the period of Washington s occit pancy. The annual reports presented and read at the yearly meetings of tho WAHHINQTON'H TOMB Ladies' Association show admirable results in their care of the place and in the aooumnlntion of articles of use in, or identified with, the General's family life. Duriug the gatherings of the Board last year, Mrs. Charles Curtis Hani son, of Philadelphia (Vice-Regent for Pennsylvania), invited Architect T. Mallon Rogers, of Philadelphia, archi tect of the restoration of Indepen dence Hall, to come to Mount Vernon nd oonfer with the Mansion Commit tee. The result of this conference is fully outlined in wri'.ten report made by Mr. Rogers, embodying details of projected restoration to be under taken this fall. This work will in volve Mud effect ' mora complete transformation in the general aspect of the interior than any yet attempted. The restored second floor of Indepen dence Hall has proved revelation of Colonial beauty and simplicity. This restoration of the paneled halls and ntlque stairway of Monnt Vernon will vividly reoall the face and costumes of the Carys, Fairfaxes, Lees, Piercys, Dnlanys, Johnstons, Craiks, Banters, Dadei. Rmy, FitihugUt, Wests, I ft ?. I . ti U ik Htuarts, Dicks, Masons, Cnrlyles and other friends of Washington and the Curtises, with their hair-powder, face patches and silk stockings, and even their outdoor life, with outriders and lino equipages. In the report mentioned, and in conversation with the writer, Mr. Rogers explained how, in response to the request of the committee, he made n thorough examination of the cellar, first floor hall, second floor hall, the antique staircase that greets the visi tor's eye as he enters the main door, also the side walls of the halls, doors, cornice, columns (supporting the girder sustaining the upper floors of the mansion), windows, etc. After carefully removing eaoh layer of small section of the paint on the side wall panels, the original color was re vealed. Ibis proved to be a delicate HZ m mm it m mi m an liii,1 til m mM WAStnSOTON'fl HOME French gray, almost a'robin-egg blue. This color had originally been applied to the side walls and ceilings and panels of the stair skirting. This delicate tint wns in entire harmony with the thou prevailing hues as seen in the garments and appointments of persons of colonial distinction. The present coating of paint is a deep yellow-brown, grained and hideous enough to any one possessed of ar tistic tastes. It doubtless autedates the period of control by the associa tion. While carefully preserving nny portion of the woodwork and carving from dilapidation, and repainting when tho same was needed, it has only been reoeutly that from six to ten layers of paint havo boon removed to ascertain what was the early col onial tint. Mr. Rogers' examination also extended to the doors, trim, door heads, choir rail, washbourd, windows, stair-skirting buttons, cornice, etc. These provod to havo originally been painted ivory white, china gloss finish on the hall side. The present cornice and cross gir der, supported by two columns on either sido of the hall through t'hich the visitor approaches the staircase leading to the second floor, all are re garded by Mr. Rogers as of modern construction and entirely incongruous with the rest of the work. Rebecca Robinson, ouce a slave of John Aug ustine Washington, told tho writer the history of the origin and construc tion of these columns in the hall. She states that many years ago the cross beam supporting the entire upper part of the house badly sagged.. Then an arch was raised to remedy this defect. This arch was rogardod as ineffectual, and iu 1881 it was removed and a new AT MOUNT VEItNON. iron beam inserted, braoed from the cellar, and these oolumus erected ac cordingly. They were never part of the interior construction in Washing ton's time, and their removal will greutly add to the exact restoration of the first floor ball. Other details in neoessary repairs to the cellar, and features of the staircase not in har mony with other portions, in varnish or color, form matter of no great pub lio interest. An examination of the walls was made, starting from the stairway to the second floor, and after reuioal of three layers of a small motion of wall paper the faot was re vealed that the original mortar was a colonial buff. In someplaoes it would seem to have been white-oonted, and in other places rough iluish of buff mortar is found under the paper. Re search will be made to ascertain whether the walls were origiually of buff mortar finish or papered after the fashion of one of the layers removed. It seems more than likely that, when commenced, this transformation of the balls aud main staircase will ultimate ly lead to new restoration of rooms Kivea over to the care of vioe-rsgents from various States. To be sure, they re, for the roost part, neat and fresh enongh, but reoent investigation has shown that they are not to-day as they were in Washington's time. Thus the "river room," or guest room, on the second floor, wns originally gray, with white window sash; the mantel was originally painted white, then painted, at some lntor date, iu imitation of gray stone. This should be restored to its original color, white. The chairboard and washboard should be gray. The woodwork in the Maryland room, the bed chamber of charming "Nolly Cuslis," afterward Mrs. Laurence Lew is, was originally the same gray as the walls of the first floor hall. The mantel was originally white, then painted black (two treatments) and again painted white over the block. This should be burned off and repainted white, the window sash while, chair rail, trim and washboard gray. In General Washington's room the mantel, now black, was white in its original coloring. The tri m of the room was gray and the washboard stained nd varnished, and, at later day, painted black, the chair rail and trim gray and window sash white. The above points were brought by Mr. Rogers to the attention of the BS 1 B m AT MOUNT VF.KNOK. committee lifter an examination made by him at their request. As the great purpose of the associa tion is to keep the mansion aud its surroundings forever open to the public, the projected restoration will be made be degrees, so as to interfere as little ns possible with the freedom of visitors. F. W. Tarsoss. WASHINGTON'S BIRTHDAY. Tim rcnl rspgnn to Olnlimle It ns Far lliu-lc n 1TH.1. We may reckon February 22 ns one of our oldest holidays, for though no Legislature had at that time set it npaft as a legal holiday, the regular celobratiou of Washington's birthday began in 1783. Ou February 22 of that year a party of gentlemen met in a tavern iu New York. One of thorn had written anode ou Washington, another brought a list of tracts, still others had prepared speeches. There was great feasting, patriotic toasts wore drunk, and before the company went singing home they agreed to meet to gether ou every coming February 22 in honor of their country's chiof. Other little knots of friends followod their example, and before long the celebration became general. Though not publicly 'recognized, wherever there were n score of more of houses the people gladly devoted nt least few hours of the day to jollity and good cheer. The celebration of the day gradu ally grew in importance till in the be ginning of this century. Every theatre on that day brought out some now play and made itself gay with flags and transparencies. Taverns spread their best cheer. There were balls aud bonfires, barbeones and cannonad ing, bell ringing, feasting and toasts. A glance over the Gazettes and Adver tisers of that poriod shows that it was quite the end of March before they ceased to publish accounts of tho fes tivities which had taken place in every city aud town in the land. Washington was born before the adoptiou in England of the Gregorian Calendar, aud was, therefore, born on February 11, old stylo. For a long time some of his most ardent admirers persisted in colebratingthis dayrather than the 22d. We find as late as 17'JO certain conutics in which inon of the old school were unwilling to adopt the new calendar, at least so, far as con cerned the birthday of the Father of their Country. Holla' Hair. The hair on the head of most of the dolls in this country is made from the hair of the Angora goat. Washington! In the upright little sanpling lives the mighty mountain plue, Htrnlghtor than nu Indian chieftain with ltf Iouk, unswerving line, Lifting high its sturdy branches, rooted la Us rooky bed, Laudmark to tho vulloys under, shelter for the weary head. f In the boy so true and fearless Uvea oat hero good aud grand. Through tho dsynof stormy trouble theltei to bis native laud. For tb uubaut twltf, bolters He, aver grows as It began, And tba obtld of noble nature makes the noble-hearted man. . Youth's Companion. . v 'mm i The 'rn(lli. Ship. When lmliy goes a-salllng, and the brezn Is fresh and free, Ills ship Is lust the queerest craft that nvsr sallen tho sen! Teu fingers true mnko up- the crew that watch on deck must keep, Wlills nil n-rnw teu toes below are passen gers ftslcsp. And mother Is the pilot dear nh, none so true as she When bnhy Roes n-snlllug, and the wind Is fresh aud free. When molhor rocks tho erndln ship, the walls for shores slip past: The bronzes from tho garden blow when baby boy sails fast! Bo fust bo flies tlmt Dolly cries sho fears we'll ran hr down, Bo hard a-port! we're not the sort to see a dolly drowni And then, you know, we've got tho whole wide oarpet for a sea When baby rocs a-sulllng and the wind Is fresh und free. When baby lies beenlmed In sleep, and nil tbe crew Is still. When that wee ship's In port at Inst, all sufo from storm und III Two eyes of lovo shall shine above, two Hps shall kiss his fane, Until Id di'ep and trSnqilll steep he'll sinllo at that embrace. For mother watches, too, nt nlht( wbllo through his slumbers oreep Dream memories of sailing ere tho breeze fell asleep. U. U. ltogers.'.n Orcnt Thoughts. Willie and !nn. Willie wns asleep aud Dnn wns lonely. Willio is the minister's son, Dnn is his dog. It was Sunday morn ing nnd every one was at church but these two friends. It wns warm nnd sunny, and they could hear the good preaching, for their house was next door to the church. In some way while Willie wns listen ing he fell asleep. Dnn kissed him on the nose, but when Willie went to sleep be went to sleep to stay, nnd ho did not mind trifles. Bo Dnn snt down with tho funniest look of core ou his wise, black face, nnd with one ear ready for outside noises. Now, the minister had for his sub ject "Daniel." This was the name he nlwnys gave Dan when he was teach ing him to sit up and beg, and other tricks. While the sat thinking the name "Daniel" fell on his ready ear. Dan nt once ran into the church through the vestry door. He stood on his hind legs, with his forepnws drooping closo beside the minister, who did not see him, but the congre gation did. When the minister shouted "Daniel" again the. sharp bark said "Yes, sir," as plainly as Dnn could nnswer. The minister started bock, looked around, and saw the funny little pic ture; then he wondered w hat lie should do next, but just then through the vestry enme Wfllie. ills face wns rosy with sleep, and be looked a little frightened. lie wnlked stro'ght to ward his father, and took Dim iu his arms, aud said: "Please 'sense Don, papa. I went asleep and he runned away." Then ho walked out with Dan look ing back ou the smiling congregation. The preacher ended his sermon ou Daniel as best he fould, but then be mndo resolve if he ever preached again on tho prophet Daniel he would remember to tie up the dog. New York Mnil nnd Express. Hlltterfllea MS lloiinnimtps. A young woman, who lives in a New England towu hns had a unique ex perience with butterflies. Mhe Imp penod to be in the garden ou n warm day in the fall, and noticed a brown butterfly fluttering about, rather Inn guidly, among the few remaining flowers. Hhe caught it without much trouble and carried it to her room, where the windows were screened, and let it looso. The little insect accepted the situation, aud conducted herself as if quite at home. The snbstuutial New Englaud name of Mnria Kilsbee was bestowed upon it though not emi nently appropriate. Maria's food and drink were placed on the window sill, nd consisted of a lump of sugar moistened by a drop of water, nnd she partook of tlijs by unfurling her long spiral truuk, which re-iembled the hairspring of a watch, and inserting the end in the sngar. 1 Maria was not fated to live in soli tude. One day there appeared iu the room another butterfly of simi'ar ap pearance, but more sprightly iu be havior. No one could account for its being there, unless the maid had left the soreen up for a lew moments while making up the room. The stranger was named Jonathan Matthews. He was far more venturesome than Maria, aud of uot so docile a temperament Rut he was never seen to eut. Pos sibly a false feeling of pride or diffi dence restrained him from doing so iu any one's presence. The fame of this young woman's two companions spreud abroad, aud visitors to her room were froquent. This did not seem to rattle the equa nimity of either. At lust Maria, in different to the joys of a wordly exist ence, settled down iu a comfortable corner, aud remained there, to nil ap pearances corpse. Hhe bad decided to hibernate aud hibernate she did for several months. Jonathan, on the coutrary, was very active. Thus they roiuained for most of the winter. One day Maria awoke, but in the Hum words of llnmlet "to die to sleep- to stny." When the days became warmer and the spring flowers appeared iu evi dence that there was again honey in the land for vagrant butterflies, 'the screen was pushed np,nnd the solitary Jonathan flew joyously forth. He has never been seen since. Atlanta Journal. , tnlelllRriit dense. It must hove been in the 4(ls tlmt my great nncle, Charles N , was graduated from college nnd begun to tench school. Communication wss not so rapid then ns now, and the ex change of idens was accomplished with more difficulty. Tho eouutry wns not overrun with teacher:"' uiuiiii nls and guides, and there -ere few educational works. It wns only by gathering together and exchanging idens that teachers were able to pro gress. - To facilitate this several would in the summer time travel from place to plnce, holding what they called "institutes," to which all who taught iu the neighboring country would flock to receive or disseminate new idens, and to discuss methods of study. My uncle and a friend of his had started on a tour of this kind, and nu Hiiturdny arrived at a town where they were to hold nn "institute" the fol lowing Monday. Kuuilny afternoon they took a stroll iu the outskirts of the town, on the banks of a stream, and were engaged in deep conversation when ray nude's friend espiod a flock of geese ap proaching in n solemn procession.' Moved by n sudden impulse, he took off his lint, mnde a low bow nnd, ad dressing the geese, said: "Allow me to introduce to yon my friend, Mr. N , w ho will hold an institute iu this town tomorrow. I cordially in vite you to be present." The geese appeared to listen attentively to the young mnu's words, nnd when he had finished they waddled gravely away. The incident passed qniekly from their minds, the next afternoon ar rived, and the friends repaired to the church where they were to expound their educational views to those who wero assembled for instruction nnd profit. The day wns beautiful and sunshiny and everything beamed pro pitiously on lny unclean he arose from his seat behind the pulpit to address the dignified gathering. Hardly' had he opened his mouth to speuk when something iu the wide open door attracted his attention. ' There stood the old gander, leader ol the flock they had seen the day before, and behind him were all the geese! Having completed his survey, to my uncle's horror nnd chagrin, he wad-' died slowly up the middle aisle, fol lowed by tho rest. Was ever a young man in a more painfully embarrassing situation? At this moment he received a tug on his coat tail and plainly heard the par tially suppressed amusement of his frieud nnd the whispered exclamation, "They've come!'.' My nude grew redder and hotter ns the geese approached in front and the tugs on hi coat tail continued be hind. He could only stutter and Htummer.ench moment becoming more painfully aware of the awkwardness of his position. At lust, with the timely assistance or the congregation, me unwelcome intruders were expelled amid quack iugs, confusion and upronr. it is almost unnecessary to add that the fount of iny uncle's eloquence was checked for the time being, and con sequently his disquisition on the edu cation of the young wns not as edify ing as it might have been under ord inary circn mstnnces. This did not end the matter, how--ever. My uncle's friend for many years after, at every dinnor when he was railed npon for a speech, managed to recount this incident. If my uncle wns there it only ndde.l to the general enjoyment. Tiring of this in the course of years, Uucle Charles once arose, after hit friend had related the story, and said: "I'hore was one point to which sufficient attention has not been called, namely, why did tbe geese understand so perfectly all that my friend said?" Atlanta Journal. Tlir Wild Hornet of Arizona. "There must be 20,000 head of wild horses in northern Arizona, "said Will H. Humes, one of the largest cattle ow ners in Navajo county, reiently. "They are the worst nuisance that can be imagined. It has reached the point when w e cannot safely turu out a riding horse to graze. We have to keep our saddle animals and round-up horses stubled all winter or bring them down to Phoenix for pasturage. The wild stock not only eat the food that onght to go the cattle, but they run cattle off the range. They bave chnsod off' all the cattle from the west eud of the Hash Knife range, one ol the best grass districts in northeastern Arizona. It is useless to put out salt for the stock, for the wild horses chase away the cattle that come near it. At this season of the year they are fat and have shining bides. They sweep over the couutry iu great bands, gathering up any stray auimala they may come across. A horse is as good as lost that joins them." St. Louis Olobe Democrat. ol Ur Knar. . First Reprobate Well, old man, did yon get home all right last night? Hecond Reprobate Yes; but luy wife wouldn't speak to me. First Reprobate Lucky bfgarl Mine did! Punch.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers