THE FULTON COUNTY NEWS, McCONNELLSBUTtG, PA. FULTON COUNTY NEWS Published Every Thursday, a. I. mi, Editor and Proprietor McCONNELLSBURG, PA. FEBRUARY 18, 1915 Published Weekly. $1.00 per Annum in Advance. K-Hfred at the Poitoffloe at MoConoillsburg P., u leoond-olau mall matter. Farmers' Institute. In continuation of our report of last week's four-day institute, we think it best to finish the re port by topics, rather than by sessions, since it helps us to keep a better connection of thought, because the same topics were dis cussed at different sessions. Wednesday being a busy day in this office, we did not have a reporter at the sessions. Messrs Wittman and Fassett did not arrive in time to take their turns during the daylight sessions, and the ladies of the town and vicin ity improved the opportunity to prolong the discussion of home making topics. Mr. Fassett's talk on straw berry culture applied particularly to raising the berries on a com mercial scale; but whether the strawberry grounds be large or small, the soil must be kept well filled with vegetable matter in order to conserve moisture which is needed by strawberries in per haps larger quantities than plants that do not produce so much wa tery fruit Right here we can sum up a lot that was said about the cultivation of soils for any crop, and that is, that soils must be kept filled with humus if we wish best results from our labors to grow fruits, grains, or vege tables. Just as we have been expiating for several weeks in our articles on Fulton county soils, it will pay any farmer to sacrifice crops for a period in or der to grow and plough down sufficient two-foot rye, a crop of clover, peas, soybeans, manure, sweet clover or anything that will completely fill the soil with water-holding humus. The farm er's work in the conservation of moisture does not end there. He roust keep the winter-stored moisture "corked" by means of a fine, two or three inch mulch of dry earth. Dr. Fassett does not believe in the purchase of much costly nitrate of soda our chief carrier of r.itrogen. He gets an abundance of this neces sary article by ploughing down at the end of every crop rotation, a heavy growth of some legume. Mr. Fassett's favorite legume is hairy or winter vetch, which is a winter annual In his orchards he ploughs down a heavy crop of either vetch or soybeans annu ally. Mr. Fassett is a true type of country gentlemen, of pleas ing address, a fluent speaker, is engaged in farming his own land and he impressed his audiences with the sincerity of hi3 views, so that no doubt was left in the minds of his hearers as to the value of the advice given. Mr. Wittman, no less a schol ar and gentleman, was so chuck full of chicken that he could scarcely restrain from crowing. His illustrated lectures were full of one thought, namely, airtight poultry houses, excepting the fronts, which afford an ideal place for hens to amuse themsel ves all day long by scratching in a foot of dry, clean litter for ev ery grain of food. He drove home his arguments by the use of many humorous illustrations. For instance; A hen, like her hu man relatives, must be kept bu sy; and since she cannot read, attend ladies aid societies, go to lectures, knit, or run to town, there is but one thing sne ever learns to do; and that is, to eat II she is stuffed full oi rood in the morning she has no ambition to hunt for more, and in this manner, she was robbed, by an overkind master, of ambition to lay eggs, or to fulfill any of the hopes of her owner. Passing rapidly over a lot of good things that space forbids repeating, we much compliment the speakers from our town and vicinity. Miss Mollie Seylar fur nished some good food for thought along the lines of better government Prof. Lamberson fired some hot Bhot into the ranks of parents who make conditions Wednesday, February 24, Ja cob F. Crouse Intending to quit farming will sell at his residence 2 miles north-east of Burnt Cab ins, on road leading from Fan- nettsburg to Shade Gap, horses, cattle, sheep, hogs, farming im plements, corn, potatoes, and household gooda. Sale will begin at 9 o'clock. James M. Cbes nut and James J. Harris, Auctioneers. On Thursday, February 25, 1915, C. F. Wagner intending to remove from his place of resi dence on what is known as the D M. Kendall farm, 4$ miles south of McConnellsburg, will sell a large lot of valuable livestock con sisting of 85 head of cattle, 8 bead of horses, and 20 head of hogs. Also, farming implements, wag ons, harness, potatoes, &c Sale will begin at ten o'clock. Terms ten months. A. L. Wible, auc tioneer. Thursday March 4, G. F. Wan gle, intending to remove to a smaller farm, will sell at his resi dence on the T. J. Comerer farm It mile from Burnt Cabins, on the road leading to Shade Gap, 2 horses, 9 cattle, farm machinery harness, corn, hay &c. Sale be gins at 10 o'clock. Credit 9 months. J. J. Harris Auct Thursday, March 4, Berkeley Sipes, desiring to reduce his stock, will sell at bis residence one-half mile north of Huston- town, 7 head of horses and colts, including a pair of bay mares 8 and 10 years, respectively: a pair of blactf matches (a mare and a horse) o and 7 years old, dark iron-gray mare 3 years old, 2 yearling colts one bay and one black, and one mule 2 years old; 10 head of cows and heifers all with calf, 6 fine yearling calves, and one fat bull; 4 head of fine sheep; 9 head of fat hogs; good 3-seated hack, buggy, harness, &c Sale begin at 10 o'clock. A credit of one year will be given 3 per cent off for cash. J. M. Chesnut, auctioneer. Thursday, March 4, C. H. Wag ner will sell at his residence 3 miles south of Mercersburg, horses, cattle, sheep, hogs and farming implements. Sale be gins at 10 o'clock. Saturday, March 6, John D. Catchall, intending to quit farm ing, will sell at bis residence 2 miles northwest of Hustontown, 3 horses, 1 mule, 3 head of cattle, two of which are fat and the oth er is a good cow that will be fresh by day of sale; 2 fat hogs, farm ing implements, wagons, sorry, buggy, grain, hay, tfce. Sale will begin at 10 o'clock. J. M. Ches nut auctianeer. Thursday, March 11, D. W. Cromer having rented his farm for a term ot five years, and in tending to quit farming, will sell of his residence near Fort Little ton, horses, cattle, hogs, farm implements and machinery, hay, grain, &c. Sale will begin at 10 oclock. Credit, 9 months. J. M. Chesnut, auctioneer. Friday, March 12, C. C. Crouse intending to quit farming will sell at his residence on the Cy rus Wagner farm otherwise known as the George Snyder farm 2 miles north ot McCon nellsburg, horses, colts, cattle, hogs, farming implements, hay, fodder Ac. Sale begins at 10 o' clock. Credit 9 months. J. J. Harris auctioneer. Friday, March 19, 1915, at his residence on the John Nelson farm in Todd township, one and one-half mile north of McCon nellsburg, John Gillis will sell at public sale valuable personal property consisting of good hors es, fine cattle, farm implements and many other articles. See bills. James J. Harris, and A. L. Wible, Auctioneers. Saturday, March 20, M. A. Detwiler having rented his farm, will Bell at public sale on his farm H mile southwest of Three Springs, and 1 mile south of Sal tillo, 4 horses including a thoro bred Percheron stallion; 15 bead of fine cattle, including a thoro bred Guernsey bull; 30 head of hogs, chickens, farm machinery, harness, 700 bushels of corn and many other things. Sale will be gin at 10 o'clock sharp. Credit 9 months. J. M. Chesnut auc tioneer. Monday, March 22, J. C. Crom well having sold his farm and in tending to quit farming, will sell at his residence at Maddensville, horses, cattle, hogs, farm machin ery, &c, &c. Sale will begin at 10 o'clock sharp. J. J. Harris, auctioneer. On Tuesday, March 23, Wil liam Bivens intending to quit farming will sell at bis residence on the Frank Sipes farm, i mile east of McConnellsburg, horses, cattle, hogs, farming implements, including, wagons, harness, John ston binder, Milwauke mower, grain drill, haytedder, plows, i barrows, &c. Sale begins at 10 o'clock. Credit 1 year. James J. Harris, Auctioneer. Wednesday, March 24, 1915, H. P. Palmer intending te quit farm ing, will sell at his residence 3 miles north of Warfordsburg on the road leading from Warfords burg to Need more, 1 horse, cat tle, sheep, farm implements, sew ing machine, cream separator, &c. Sale begins at 10 o'clock. Credit 6 months. on the farm so distasteful to boys that they sneak away at the very first opportunity. He held up before fathers and mothers so many faults like that of raising boys for the sake of the pennies they might help ear.i at the sac rifice of education, and drew such vivid pictures of the hum-drum lives of some boys who get from it the idea that there is nothing in store for them on the old farm but to sleep much in order to be able to work more, until these boys learn many things that are the direct opposite of what a pa rent would have them learn. The boy's thoughts go out to what he has heard of brighter prospects, and it is not long be fore he has lost all interest in a business that God intended to be of the highest class in the world. Mr. C. J. Brewer, in his talk on the part lime plays in the ren ovation of soils, expressed the opinion that so far as the slate and shale lands to the west of us are concerned, they have not yet been depleted of essential native elements, especially potash, to such extent that lime would not release sufficient natural fertility to grow clover and legumes, and that the legitimate use of these legumes would, in a short time, enable the owners to fill the soil with necessary humus, and in this manner render them capable of a tenfold greater resistance to drought All know that corn will make a fair crop, even on poor land, if sufficient water can be kept on tap at the roots to in sure freshness of stalk and leaf. Farmers' Opportunity. The United States Department of Agriculture, the state boards, and the experts all over the coun try are urging the farmers of America to cultivate every avail able acre during the coming year. The war in Europe assures the sale of almost everything that can be raised. Every article that is exported to feed the soldiers and the citizens and the stock of Europe means just that much less for home consumption, there fore, even with his crops of everything, the prices will be high. If it is not a good crop year the farmer will at least raise enough for home use and will not have to pay the high prices that will prevail. Utilize every available acre for grain, grasses and vegetables. In many sections farmers are urged to try a double acreage of potatoes. It should not be necessary, under proper conditions, to import po tatoes into any agricultural coun ty. Put the hens and the turkeys to work and give them a square deal. Raise pigs, cattle and horses in as large numbers as the accommodations of the farm will justify and any losses that any farmer, planter or rancher may have sustained last year will be more than made good. The war in Europe may last for months or years, but while it continues there will be an active demand for everything we produce. Should the war end this week the nations engaged will need all our surplus products for a year at least Take our advice, for once, and do not permit good, tillable land to lie idle in 1915. DUBLIN MILL'S. Msr. W. D. Roher made a trip to Orbisonia lest Saturday to con suit a physician. Mrs. Roher has been in poor health for some time. Ruth Green, of Shirley, baa returned home. She has been employed at W. D. Roher's past five weeks. What might have been a very serious accident occurred a few days ago when a pair of bobsleds loaded with young people run in to a team driven by a salesman. The accident happened at night when very dark and the person at the head of the sleds being blinded by a lantern did not see the team until they were upon it The sleds were demolished but the people luckily escaped with a few cuts and bruises. A sledding party consisting ot Blanche, Tbad, and Ellsworth Wmegardner; Eliza and Carl Hess Julia, Philip and Ira Grlssinger; RuthHeBS, Ruth Greene, and Buhl Roher, spent Friday even ing pleasantly in the Lome of John Wmegardner at Clear Ridge. Mary and Clara Bratton are visiting friends, in Harrisburg, Lewistown, Huntingdon and Pe tersburg, Clara has been employ ed during the winter at Mr. Brint Miller's. Mrs. Miller is improving in health. 0. V. Wink is getting on well with his school, yet remaining 31 days. Howard Nonemaker of Cherry Grove, is now in Blair Memorial Hospital at Huntingdon, having undergone, an operation last Sat urday for appendicitis. We are glad to know he is getting along as well as could be expected. Lillian Miller is spending the winter with herbjrother aVlBell wood, Pa., and Wooster, Ohio. A baby girl was born to Mr. and Mrs. A. F. Cutcball on Feb ruary 2. The E. B. T. R. R. station at Three Springs was robbed last week one morning between six and seven o'clock while the agent Mr. Cohick was at breakfast They relieved him of 1126.00. A number of friends of Mary Benson met at her home on the 13th inst to celebrate her twenty first birthday. Olive Hess is suffering from an attack of inflammatory rheuma tism at this writing. Bertha Grissinger, of Maddens ville has been visiting friends in this community. Hayes Strait is sawing out barn bill for Byron Roher from timber on David Windgardner's farm. Mr. Grover Miller and wife Expect to move onto the Allen Cutchall farm near Three Springs in the Bpring. SALtlVU Rev. Ahimaaz Mellott an aged Baptist minister, of near Ando- ver, is quite seriously ill We gladly report that the sick ness among our young folks is abating. Ray Decker, Wm. Mel lott's children, and Frank Sipe's children. Protracted revival services at Asbury M. E. church still in pro gress on last Monday night Two young persons have professed conversion thus lar. Mrs. S. II. Hoop, Mrs. Nevin Laidig, Mrs. Florence Wink, Miss Etta Hockensmith all of Andover visited the J. A. Stew art family last Thursday. a :ew young men got nit so hard, on last Sabbath, that they immediately walked out of church in the midst of the sermon. The Minister happened to remark that Abraham Lincoln advocated and stood for prohibition, and that all who rightly read the Bi ble cannot help but stand for prohibition, lie careiul, minis ters what you say to Young America. The growing grain looks well at this time since the snow has gone. Oh, for a snow to protect it irom the cold winds of March Many of our laboring people are making ties and cutting logs for Ueichtly Bros. Mrs. Jas. A. Stewart is still improving and is able to be about 0RACEY. Earl Gracey spent Saturday night and Sunday in the home of his uncle Mr. Ward Berkstres ser, at Waterfall Mr. and Mrs. Mack Kerhn spent Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. Zack McElhaney.. Mr. and Mrs. Jennie Cutchall and son Norman spent Sunday in the home o! Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Landers. Mrs. Alice Alio way and dargh ters, Myrtle, and Jessie spant Sunday with the former's daugh An Open, Square, Aboveboard, Direct Appeal to the Intelligence and Judgment of the People The railroads of Pennsylvania and New Jersey believe that the public should be fully advised concerning the Full Crew laws in these states. Cortly experience has demonstrated that these laws have worked to the detriment of public interest and that their repeal would redound greatly to the advantage of the people. ' ' Not a Fight On Trainmen The railroad companies making this announcement wish the public to clearly understand that this appeal is in no way to bo construed as being aimed at the trainmen in their employ, nor is it an effort to curtail operating ex penses at the cost of public safety or service. The companies point to the fact, with justifiable pride, that whenever public lafcly and convenience demand id an increased number of employes me necessary men wero put on trains. Behind this statement is a record of advancements and improvement achievements which is a most vital factor of calm a "J dispassionate consideration of the laws in question. But when arbitrary lnws are passed which compel these railrcad companies to burden their payrolls with some $2,000,000 annually for waited, unwarranted extra labor, and which actua'Iy tncars a decrease, rather than an increase, in opcrat'ng effiVency, together w'ih j.env.er reunify luts, it is undeniable that the public should be put in full touch with ex'st lr" conditions that the peop'e may judge wisely for themselves should an effort be made to impugn the sincere motives which prompt this educational campaign. How Full Crew Law Works A twenty-nine-car freight train can be operated with five men. Add a car and an extra man must go on. He law rcqu'res no larger crew on a hundred-car train. A four-car pnssenger train can run with five men. On a five-car or longer tra'n there must be an extra man. Even if all the cars are Pullmans, with porters and a Pullman conductor, a six-man ralroad crew is required. ' A milk or express trcin of twenty or more cars, runn:ng through, scaled, and virtually without stops, must carry a crew of six. The only place four of them would ride would be ' inthe end car. When the Full Crew law became effective in Pennsylvan:a, th Pennsylvania Ralroad Lines Enst of Fttsburgh and Erie were operating in Pennsylvania 2,971 weekday trains. Of these, 1,1 S3 passenger and 1,061 freight trains were manned up to or beyond the law's requirerrcr.ia. . The 1,198 passenger trains which were provided with crew's equal to or t'n excess of the law's requirements consisted princ;pally of local or semi-local trains, making frequent stops and handling a large number of passengers. The second brakeman was employed to expedite the departure of trains from stations and to assist conductors in collecting tickets. The 1,061 freight trains on which the law requ'red no additional men consisted of " local freight trains carrying tacl:ago freight, on which brakemen were required to load and unicad cert; road sh'fters, do'ng a large amount of work, necessitating the throwing of switches and much hand braking on cars; mine trains, placing empty cars and p:c!c'rj up Inndcd enrs, and through slow freight trains of heavy tonnage on the Ph'ladelphh und MM'Jle DVs'cns on which the brakemen riding on the front part of the trains were required to the firemen. Official Casualty Statistics The effect of the Fu'l Crew laws in forcing extra men info already adequate tra:n crew;, tl.ua d'vsdlng rcspons'billty, has been to increase the hazard of operation. This fact is conc'-.uivcly proved by I he official figures of the Interstate Commerce Commission. The great number of persons killed who were neither employes nor passengers have not been included, for it is obvious that er.tra men on trains are powerless to prevent such casualties. The Pennsylvania Tull Crew law took effect on Ju'y 19, 1911. The Commission's fijvres show that for the three-year period preceding this date 10,186 employes and pas sengers were kil'ed. Since the law became operative, the total number kJled shows an increase, or 10,372 persons. The casualty list of the Pennsylvania Railroad for the six months preceding the enactment and the first six months of 1914, when the law was in full force and eCect, dis closes the following startling comparison: Before Law, Under Law, First half 1911 First half 1914 Kil'od Injursd Killed Injured " Trainmen 15 IMS 16 1CS9 Passengers 1 9 2 141 16 1145 18 1840 'Fell from train. What the Extra Man Costs Twenty Railroads in Pennsylvania and New Jersey last year paid in employment of superfluous brakemen ..$2,000,000 That would have bought , . . 200 steel coaches It would have bought ! ... 80 locomotives It would have paid for , , 67,000 tons of rails It would have returned 5 on. ..." .' $40,000,000 It would have block signaled , , . 800 miles of track It would have eliminated 65 grade crossings Rejected by Other States A Full Crew law was enacted in Missouri and signed by the Governor in April; 1913. In November, 1914, it was submitted to a referendum vote. The people repudiated the law by a vote of 324,085 against 159,593. A proposed Full Crew law for Texas failed to pass owing to the popular protest against it, led by the farmers. x In 1907, Governor Charles E. Hughes, of New York, vetoed an attempt to enact Full Crew law in that state. In 1912, Governor John A. Due, of New York, also vetoed a Full Crew measure. Governor Foss, of Massachusetts, 'vetoed a Full Crew bill passed by the legislature. In 1913 the State Assembly wisely referred a Full Crew law to the Railroad Commission of Connecticut, who promptly condemned it. Governor Cruce,' of Oklahoma, vetoed a Full Crew bill in 1913. Attempts to enact Full Crew laws in Colorado, Delaware, Virginia, and Ohio were defeated. In Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, and Maryland such laws are in force. In the interest of the public, the railroads, and the great body of railroad employes, these burdensome laws should be repealed. In Pennsylvania, approximately 65,000 men are employed in train service. Only 2,500 of these are extra brakemen. Will Wage a Just Fight Railroads operating in Pennsylvania and New Jersey are determined to place their case squarely and fairly before the people of those states. They are firmly convinced that the people all of whom, without exception, are affected more or less directly by the imposi tion of this annual $2,000,000 burden, and thousands of whom are direct sufferers will, knowing what a continuation of these harmful laws means to them, voice their wishes in no uncertain way to their elected representat'ves at Hr.rrisburg and Trenton. This campaign of public enlightenment-will be waged by the railroads in a manner that cannot possibly be legitimately assailed. There will be no lobbying, no star chamber conferences, or private deals to influence public opinion or Icgialaliva cct'on. The campaign will be fought in the open, purely on its merits. Railroad Pledge to Trainmen and Public Definitely and final!y to give public notice that the railroads ask only a square deal all around in this matter, the presidents cf the Pennsylvania Ra lroad Company, Philadelphia & Reading Ra'lway Compriy and Balt'morc & Ohio Railroad Company, in announcing on February 9 that the railroads intended to work for repeal of the Full Crew laws, pledged themselves as follows: "Let us add that if there shall be evidence that without such laws the railroads would underman trains, to the hardship of employes or the.dclriment of or danger to the public, that, assuming the present Public Service acts do not give to the commissions ample pow-rs to determine what crews are trecessary on different trains and to compel the rail roads to man trtins as ordered, we will openly support such amendments to the present acts as may be necessary to give such assurance." The railroads now appeal d'reclly to the people, who demrrid the greatest safety at all times and who realize that a policy cf wise economy, and not one" of wasted revenue, will enable the ralroada to adequately fulfill their obligations and meet those demands as they jhcukl Le rr.ct R. L O'DONNEL, Chs:rmn. Executive Con mtttee, Associated Railroad of Pennsylvania and New Jersey. ter Mrs. Roy Witter, who is slow ly recovering from her recent illness. Mrs. Dawson Strait is still very poorly. Miss Viola McClain, wbo has been employed, in Hnntingdon, is spending some time in the home of her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Isaac McClain. Misses Alice and Jessie Catch all spent Sunday with Miss Lil lian Gracey. Our school is progressing nice ly under the care ot Fred Lam berson. Lewis Shaw spent a few days In the home of his sod, William, at New Grenade. Subscribe for the News. ' 1,102 Deer Killed la Year. A report made by the Stata Game Commission to the Legis lature set forth that 1,102 deer killed during the last hunting season, together with 400,000 ruf fed grouse, 2,000,000 rabbits, 37, 150, quail, 234,288 squirrels, 17, 039 woodcock, 37,000 waterfowl, 9,609 raccoons, and 378 bear. The value of the game was estimated at $946,574, exclusive of short birds,
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