I Explorations in Patagonia, | * 8y Prof. J- B, Hatchsr, Princeton University. -| % HYSIOGKAPHICAI.LY. I'at I J nnoiiin is divided into two I sharply defined regions—an (T eastern level and compnrativc l.T barren plain and a western exceed ingly broken and mountainous region. The former extends eastward from the base of the Andes, where it hns an altitude of 3000 feet to the Atlantic Ojast, where it terminates in a con tinuous line of precipitous cliffs ."00 to 400 feet high. Three distinct features characterize the topography and tend to relieve the monotony of the broad Patagonia n plains. The first of these is the se ries of escarpments, from a few feet, to several hundred in height, encount ered at successive altitudes as one pro ceeds from the coast inland toward the 'Andes. These escarpments have a general trend parallel with the pres ent coast Hue, and they doubtless mark successive stages in (lie final elevation of the land above the sea. The sec ond feature is to be seen in the series TEHNKLCHE MAN, SQUAW AND CHILD. of deep transverse valleys crossing the territory from east to west and con stituting the present drainage system. In so far as my observations have gone, these are all true valleys of ero sion. The third and perhaps most striking feature in the topography of eastern Patagonia are tiie volcanic cones and dikes, and the resulting lava sheets, whieh.eovoring extensive areas throughout the central plains, are seen capping most of the higher table lauds and frequently descending well down the slopes into the present valleys, while the extinct volcanoes often rise majestically hundreds of feet above the surrounding plain. In a line approximating the seventy second meridian of west longitude, the Andes rise abruptly from the plains and ftrm one of the most rug ged and in many respects most pic turesque mountain chains in the world. Many of the peaks attain an altitude of over 10,000 feet, quite sufficient at this latitude to precipitate most of the moisture in the atmosphere as it is forced over from the Pacific. Owing to the southwesterly winds which pre vail here throughout the year, the at mosphere during its long journey across the I'act fie becomes saturated with moisture, which, together with the completeness of the precipitation brought about by the advantageous to pography of the western coast, renders this region oue with an exceedingly HAiuANriNfl KOCK l)t'E TO EKOSION. high annual rainfall and consequently luxuriant vegetable growth in strik ing contrast to the dry and compara tively barren eastern region, where the winuß. already deprived of most of their moisture during their passage over the Andes, are usually dry and low. The prevailing winds in eastern Patagonia, as in western, are south-1 westerly, and an easterly wind of twenty-four hours' duration on the eastern coast is sure to terminate in a heavy fall of rain or snow. Not all the moisture of the moun tainous region is precipitated as rain, for in the higher Andes severe snow storms prevail throughout the entire year, ample for the formation of great ice fields, from which extend numer ous glaciers, many of which reach _ ~ ar <SL* .X , —— **- - __ -== je C'UIIIOL'H WIND AND ItAIN KitOMOS IN ANDK.H OP FATAOONIA. from th«- niouiiialu nuinuilm fur down 1 bolow tlmlKT line, unci noniu on tin-1 rvriiteru #lupe <iuin- Into »he wa. I Forn.erly these glaciers were much more extensive than at present, and they doubtless contributed to the ero sion of the exceedingly intricate sys tem of mountain gorges and fiords now forming so conspicuous a feature of the region. The slopes of the Andes below an altitude of:? 000 feet are covered with dense forests, especially on the west ern side. The variety of trees in the southern regious is very limited, and tiie quality of the wood for lumber or timber for building is poor. Two spe- | it. ' TKHNELOHEH TAKING vr.it ßA. HPS of beech. Fagus nntarctica and K. betutolden, tlio latter ail evergreen, are much the commnner of the tre«'s. The deciduous beech is especially abundant, and Is the only tree found throughout extensive areas on the eastern slopes of the Andes. Within the dense forests, lichens, ferns, mosses, and other cryptogams grow in great profusion, entirely cov ering the ground and trunks and lower branches of the trees. The delicate foliage and variety and harmony of ] colors of these plants, always frcsh- "^r/- AX OLD TEUNEiCHE. ened by frequent showers, enhance the other natural beauties of this re giou, and give to the quiet depths of the forests a peculiar attractiveness, contrasting strongly with the rugged canons and serrated crests of the high er Andes. The most conspicuous animals of the forest region arc a small deer, not quite so large as our Virginia deer, the male with usually only two points 011 either horn. The puma, or moun tain lion, is abundant both on the plains and in the mountains. There are two species of dogs. The larger. Canls magellanicus. is about the size of a small collie, of a reddish brown color, and frequents the wooded re gions. It is rather shy, in striking contrast with Ihe smaller C. azare, abundant in the plains, of a light gray color, and about the size of a small red fox. The guanaco or South Amer ican camel is very abundant over the plains, and occasionally enters the wooded mountainous districts. Among the birds, two. from their size, are especially noteworthy, the rliea. or so called ostrich, found in great uumbers on the plaius, and the condor, com mon in the Andes, along the high bluffs of the sea coast and about the basalt cliffs of the interior plains re gion. The natives of the eastern and west ern region belong to two entirely dis tinct races, differing from each other in their customs, language, ami mode of life. To the eastern region belong the Tchnelches. a large, well-derel oped and peaceable race, living en ] tlrely by the chase. They construct their habitations nud make their am 1 pl«» clothing with oonxltlernhle »ki | froui tin- Nkiim of the guanuco. In the capturu of ilw guaunco, rbea am' other pi mo animals and birds they are exceedingly proficient and uliow much ingenuity. The Channel Indians of the western region are physically nineh inferior to the Tehneii '.ies. They are essentially n maritim.- people with ail their ac tivities clustering about the shore, from which they never proceed more than a few miles inland. They subsist chiefly upon shell fish, the flesh of seals, fish, and the sea otter and a few edible fungi indigenous to tiie region they inhabit. From the skins of the seal and sea otter they cor/truet their clothing, usually exceedingly scanty, notwithstanding tlio inhospitable cli mate. Undo lints arc sometimes linllt from the branches of trees, but they spend much of their time in small open boats made of beech bark sewed together with whale bone. It is In the construction of their boats and the Implements used by them in the capture of seals that they show the greatest skill and resource. Although the plains of eastern Pat agonia are exceedingly monotonous and uninteresting to the casual observ er. yet they are of the greatest inter est to the geologist and palentologist, for it is the rocks composing them that contain the remains of the extinct ani mals that in former times inhabited this region. In many places along the river valleys there are extensive ex l>ostires of the sedimentary rocks rich in fossil remains, and the high bluffs of the sea coast have proved among thu most promising localities for tie- col lector.—Scientific American. Loromoltllf Safety. Apropos of the danger to horse drawn vehicles and their drivers from automobiles, the case of the recent 1000 motor tour of the Knglish Auto mobile Club should be considered. The route was over .1 purposely «■■••• lected hilly country, the object being to test the s.aying ability of the va rious machines, some of the machines negotiating excessively steep gradients ar a much faster pace than a horse drawn vehicle could possibly main tain. Not withstanding this and that the several vehicles entered in tin 1 race covered in the aggregate tWi.obO miles, not a single accident of any kind occurred to other users of the road through any of the motor cars. The (11 rl iu the tlomliroro, Some of the girls have taken to tlie sombrero, and are rigging themselves | out in Mexican garb. The sombrero 1 Is of tiuc'y-woven grass, embroidered I with silver, and is a comfortable corn ! pan ion, an enemy to freckles and just ! the thing for a country Jaunt. M«»si ! can shirt waists, too. are In demand, .elaborate affairs In drawn work, with hemstitched seams and turned-back nfl's. Worn together the comhiua -1 u of these two is very striking. Mnft Trflmt Wovrn \Vir« M»IM. Woven wire mats are shown and one ! inker I*l s a novelty In their treat llM tit. He embodies iu the mats pieces •>f rope, and these, protruding between li" Interstices of the wire In which • hey are embedded, produce a sol', .rend ihat is very agreeable, yet at lie SUIIII' time they are so fully pro •led by wire thill the durability ot ' ' In.lt is not lessened. '1 is cKiimatcd that it costs thirty er cent, more to make bread by lund '.iau l>y machinery. ADJUSTABLE SASH WEICHT- Made In Interlocking Sections tn Orilei to Secure Any Weight. A now sash weight has boon in vented by Kugene S. Cruli. It is made in sections so as to facilitate the ad justment of the weight (o meet any i 1 SABHWBMHT IN SECTIONS. emergency. 'The two parts of which the weight is formed each consist ot' a body section with an open portion and a branch, the branches tilting in i lie open portions of the liod vs. Kacli part lias also beveled flanking brunches which Interlock io sustain one part on the other. The parts have grooves v liicli match to form a pass age for the reception of the sash-cord. It is evident that tiie number of weights can be increased or ih. reased at will to regulate the stress on the cord. When the proper number have been applied the weights are held se curely by a pin driven through the cord or a spill washer clamping the <-ord anil engaging the uppermost weight. Tile trull Cure. Twice it has been my privilege to take "the grape cure" in Switzerland. For ten days the schools are discon tinued that teachers and scholars, with fathers and mothers, may repair to ilie vineyards and eat grapes all day long. For ten days the druggists mourn because customers are not. and for as many mouths nature's patients fed the good effects of the euro wrought in a pharmacy which is not of man's furnishing. For fori.v years I have taken the "fruit cure" all the year round, and have to offer in advertisement thereof a perfect digestion, steady nerves and such general vigor as is vouch safed to few women of my age.— Marlon ILirlaiid, iu Philadelphia North American. A Tmrtturn Cenernl. Moltk.-'s reticence was so proverbial says the Argonaut, that, as the King's birthdays approached.there used to be bets amo.ig the officers as to how many words Moltke would use in pro posing the toast of the day. Some backed a nine-word speech, others put their money oil eight words. Molike's liubii was to say: "To the health of Ills Majesty, Kmperor and King." or, "To His Imperial Majesty's health. '* In ISS4 an oyster breakfast was staked on tin- Marshal's not using more than nine words. Hilt, because h<< began with the word "gentlemen." tin- bet was lost. '1 ti • loser comforted him self by saying: "lie's aging, U Moltke; he's getting loquacious. II lali XV »s«-r» In Knglamt. Often the wage worker has an la conic far exceeding that of the profes sional man. Smiles says that, in his day rail rollers had pay equal to lieutenant-colonels in the foot guards; plate rollers equal to inaj >rs; roughers equal to those of lieutenants and ad jutants. In our own coun.ry the wage worker's income often averages more than that of the clergyman. "\V»«te Not, Want Not." Over the kitchen fireplace at Ab botsl'ord. Sir Walter Scott's lovely home, are carved in stone "Waste not. want not." There is uothiug nobler in the life story of Scott than bis struggle to pay his creditors' debts in curred through the misfortune and mismanagement of his publishers. liewt Harms Honey. Croat losses have been sustained by Kentist beekeepers owing to the in tense heat haying run the honey from the comb, making it useless and smothering many swarms of bees.— London Kxprcss. A Curioim Temple. The* pagoda at Pao-tah is tin* mom curious in China, antl is tvjrardetl with 9 0 TUB r.iUOOA AT I'AO-TAH. great veneration aud respect by the Chinese, for It is the only pagoda on which tries may lie seen rjrowlun. DR. TALMAGEVS SERMON. SUNDAY'S DISCOURSE BY THE NOTED DIVINE. LuMonii lo lie I.enrnfd From tiie Three Cross en—.On Itlglit Unhellof ttnrl Iteniorse, on L«ft I'eniteiire and Con tent, in Hie Centre ETerlaittiiK Love. (Copyright Iwmu WASHINGTON, D. C. The famous paintings in the picture galleries of Mu nich s;em to have suggested the topic of this discourse, which Dr. Talmage sends from tiie quaint bavarian town, hut the theme which inspired the painters awak ens in ttit- great preacher thought* of the redemption of the human race, which was the supreme design of that scene of suffering and death. The text is Luke xxiii. S3, "There they crucified Him ami the malefactors. one on the right hand and the other on the left." Just outside of Jerusalem is a swell of ground, toward which a crowd are ascend ing, for it is tiie day of execution. What a mighty assemblage! Some for curiositv to hear what tiie malefactors will say and to see how tliry will act. The three per sons to lie executed are already there. Some of the Spectators are vile of lip and bloated of cheek. Some look up with re venge. hardly ab'o to keep tlieir hands off the sufferers. Some tear their own hair in a frenzy of grief. Some stand in silent horror. Some break out into un controllable weeping. Some clap their hands in delight that the offenders are t-> be punished at hint. The soldiers with drawn swords drive back the mob, which presses on no hard. There is fear that the proceedings may be interrupted. I .ft the legion, now stationed at Jerusalem, on horseback, dash along the line and force back the surging multitude. "Hack with you!" in the crv. "Have you never before seen a man die?" Three crosses in a row an upright piece and two transverse pieces, one at the top, 011 which the hands are nailed, and one at the middle, on which the vic tim sat. Three trees just planted, yet bearing fruit- the one at the right bear ing poison, and the one at the left bitter aloes; the one in the middle, apples of love. Norway pine and tropical orange and Lebanon cedar would not make so strange a grove as this orchard of Cal vary. Stand back and give a look at I he three crosses. Just look at the cross on the right. Its victim dies scoffing. More awful than his physical anguish is his scorn and hatred of Iliiu on the middle cross. This wretched man turns half around on the spikes to hiss at the One in the middle. If the scof fer could gri one hand loose, and he were within reach, he would smite the middle sufferer in the face, lie hates Him with a perfect hatred. I think lit- wishes lie were down on the ground that he might spear Him. He envies the mechanics who with their nails have nailed Him fast. Amid the settling darkness and louder than the crash of the rocks hear him jeer out these words: "Ah. you poor wretch! I knew you were an iuiposter! You pre tended to be a Cod. Mid yet you let these legions master you." It was in some such hate that Voltaire in his death hour, be cause i.e thought he saw Christ in his bed room. got up 011 his elbow and cried out, "Crush that wretch!" What had the middle cross done to arouse up this right hand cross? Nothing. Oh, the enmity of the natural heart against Christ! The world likes a sentimental <'hrist or a phi lanthropic Cnrirft, but a Christ who comes to snatch men away from their sins—away with Him! On this right hand cross to day I see typified the unbelief of the world. Men say: "Back with Him from the heart! I will not let Him take uiy sins, li He will die, let Him die for Him self, not for me." There has always been a war between this right hand cross and the middle cross, and wherever there is an unbelieving heart, there the tight goes on. Hh, if when that dying malefactor perished, the faithlessness of man had perished, then that tree which yields poi son would have budded ami blossomed with life for all the world. Look up into that disturbed counte nance of the sufferer and see what a ghastly thing it i.s to reject Christ. He hold in that awful face, in that pitiful look, in that unblessed death hour, the stinirs of that sinner's departure! What a plunge into darkness! Standing high upon the cross on the too of the hill, so that all the world may took at him. he says, "Here 1 go out of a miserable life into a wretched eternity!" One, two, three! Listen to the crash of the fail, all ye ages! So Hobbes, dying after he hail seventy years in which to prepare for eternity, said, "Were I master of all the world 112 would give it all to live one (lav longer." Sir Francis Newport, hovering over the brink, cried out: "Wretch that 1 am. whither shall I fly from this breast? What will liecome of me? Oh. that I were to lie upon the tire that never is quenched a thousand years, to purchase the tavor of Cod and to be reconciled to llirn again! Oh. eternity; oh. eternity! Who can discover the abyss of eternity? Who can paraphrase these words, "For ever and forever?' " That right hand cross—thousands have perished on it in worse agonies. For what is physical pain compared to re morse at the last, that lif.* has been wasted and only a fleeting moment stands between the soul and its everlasting over throw? O («od, let me die anywhere rather than at the foot of that right hand cross! l*ct not one drop of that blood firll upon my cheek. Rend not my car with that cry. I see it now as never be fore—the loathsomeness ami horror of my unbelief. That dying malefactor was not so much to blame as I. Christianity was not established, anil perhaps not until that day had that man heard the Christ. Hut after Christ hud stood almost 1000 years, working the wonders of His grace, you reject Him. That right hand cross, with its long beam, overshadows all the earth. It i» planted in the heart of the race. When will the time com" when the spirit of I iod shall, with its ax. hew down that right hand cross until it shall fall at the foot of that middle cross and unbelief, the rail ing malefactor of the worid, shall perish from all our hearts? Away from me. Thou spirit of unbelief! 1 hale thee! With this sword ot (iod I thrust thee back and thrust thee through! Down to hell! Down, most accursed monster of tlu earth, and talk to those thou hast already damned! Talk no longer to these sons o. liod, these heirs of heaven! "If Thou Is- the Son of (iod." Wa» there any "if" about it? Tell me, thou star, that in robe of light did run to point out His birthplace. Tell me, thou sea, that didst put thy hand over thy lip when lie hade thee be still. Tell me, y.- lead, who got up to see iiiiu die. Tell me. Thou sun in mid-heaven, who for Hint didst pull do« u over thy face the veil of darkness. Tell me, ye lepers who we>-< -leansed, ye dead who were raised, is li the Son of Cod? Aye, aye! responds lh< universe. The flowers breathe it; tin ■tars chime it; the redeemed celebrate it: the angels rise on their thrones to an nounce it. And yet on that miserable malefactor's "if" how many shall IM wrecked for all eternity! That little "ii" ias enough venom ill it. »tinp to cause the leatii of the soul. No "if" about it. I >IIOW it. Kcte Ileus! I feel it thoroughly through every muscle of the body and I through every faculty of my muid and through every energy of my soul Living, I will preach it; dying. I will pillow my head it|>on its iHmsoiationx - Jesus the liod. Away, then, front this right hand ems. The red lurries ol the forest are apt to .H- poisonous, mid around this tree •■! cat iage grow the red. poisonous iierries ot thicli many have tutted and died. 1 van Rep 119 u«e for the right lianr! cross, except it l>c used as a lever with which to upturn the unbelief of the_worl«l. Here from the right liand cross I goto the left hand cross. I'as.s clear to the other side. That victim also twists hiui self upon the nails to look at the centre cro.w, yet not to scoff. It is to worship. He, too. would like to get his hand loose, not to smite, but to deliver the sufferer of the middle eron. He cries to the rail er cursing on the other side: "Silence! Between us innocence in agony. We suffer for our crimes. Silence!" (iattwr roun.l this left hand cross. O ye people! Be not afraid. Bitter herbs are some times ti tonic lor the brain, and the bitter aloes that grow 011 this tree shall give strength and life to thy 8 ml. This left hand cross is a repenting cross. As men who have been nearly drowned tell us that in one moment, while they were under water, their whole lite passed before them, so I suppose in one moment the dyin„ malefactor thought over all his past life—of that night when he went into an unguarded door and took all the silver, the gold, the jewels, and as the steeper stirred he put a knife through his heart: of that day when, in the lonely pass, he met the wayfarer and regardless of the cries and prayers and tears and struggles of his victim he flung the man gled corpse info the dust of the highway or heaped upon it the stones. He says: "I am a guilty wretch; 1 deserve this! There is no need of my cursing. That will not. stop the pain, 'there is no need of bliisnhcminc ( lirist. for He has done me no wrong, and yet I cannot die so. The tortures of my body are undone by the tortures of my soul. The past is a scene of -misdoing. The present a crucifixion. The future an everlasting Come back, thou hiding midday sun! Kiss my cheek with one bright ray of comfort. What, no help from above—no help from beneath? Then I must turn to my com panion in sorrow, the One on the mid dle cross. I have heard that lie knows how to help a man when he is iu trouble. 1 have heard that He can cure the wound ed. I have heard that He can pardon the sinner. Surely, in all His wanderings up and down the earth He never saw one more in need of llis forgiveness! Blessed I One! I tiir.i to Thee! Wilt Thou turn I for the moment away from Thy own ' pangs to pity me? Lord, it is not to have I n>y hands relieved or mv feet taken from j tic- torture. I can stand all this, but, oh. ! my sins, my sins, my sins, they pierce me j through and through. They tell me I must die forever. They will push me out into the darkness unless Thou wilt help me. 1 confess it all. Hear the cry of the dying thief. "Lord, remember me when Thou coinest into Thy kingdom.' I ask no great things. I seek for no throne in heaven, no chariot to take me to the skies, but just think of me when this day's horrors have passed. Think ot me a little —of me. the one now hanging at Thy side. - when the shout of heavenly welcomes takes Thee back into Thy glory. Thou wilt not forget me, wilt Thou? 'Lord, remember me when Thou coinest into Thy kingdom.' Only just remember me." Likewise l.utst we repent. You say, "I have stolen nothing." I reply: "We have all been guilty of the mightiest felony of the universe, for we havij robbed (lod robbed Him of our time, robbed Him ot our talent, robbed Him of our services." Suppose you send a man out as an agent of your firm and every month you pay him his salary, and at the end of ten years you find out that he has been serving An other lirm, but taking your salary, would you not at once condemn him as dishon est? (!od sent us into this world to serve Him. He has given us wages all the time. Yet how many of us have been serving another master! When a man is con victed of treason lie is brought out; a regiment surrounds him and the command is given: "Attention, company! Take aim! Fire!" And the man Inlls with a hundred bullets through his heart. There comes a time iu a man's history when tin 1 Lord calls tin the troop of his iniquities, and at tiod s command they pour into him a concentrated volley of torture. To this middle cros.. look, that your souls may live. 1 showed you the right hand cross in order that you might see what an awful thing it is to be unbeliev ing. I showed you the left hand croa» that you might see what it is to repent. Now 1 show you the middle cross that you may see what Christ has done to save your soul. Poets have sung its praise, sculptors have attempted to commemor ate it in marble, martyrs have clung to it in the fire and Christians dyinjr quiet'y in. their beds have leaned their heads against it. This hour may all our souls embrace it with an ecstasy of affection. Lav hold of that cross. Everything else will fail you Without a strong grip on that you perish. I'm your hand on that and you are safe, though a world swing from beneath your fact. Oh. that I might engrave on your souls inefi'aceably the three crosses, so that it in your waking moments you will not heed, then in your dreams at night you may see 011 the hill back of Jerusalem the three spectacles the right hand cross showing unbelief, dying without Christ; the left hand showing what it is to be pardoned, while the central cross pours upon your soul the sunburst of heaven as it says: "By all these wounds I plead for ,hy heart. I have loved thee with an everlasting love. Rivers cannot quench it. Floods cannot drown it." Hut, no: we will not wait for such A dream, in this our most aroused mood we throw down at the toot of that mid dle cross sin, sorrow, life, death—every thing. We are slaves; Christ give deliv erance to the captive. We are thirsty; Christ is the river of salvation to slake our thirst. We are hungry; Jesus says, "1 ain the bread of life. ' We are con demned to die; Christ says, "Save that man from going down to the pit; 1 um the ransom." We are tossed on the sea of trouble; Jesus comts over it, saying, "Jt is I; be not afraid." We are in darkness; Jesus says,"l am the bright and morning star." He are hick; Jesus is the "balui af (iilead." We are dead: hear the shrouds rend md the grave hillocks heave, as lie cries, l am the resurrection and the life; he lh.it lielievetii iu M.\ though he were lead, >et shall he live." We want justifi cation: "Being justified by faith, we have peace with <iod through our Lord Jesus ( hrist." We want to exercise faith: "Itelieve in the Lord Jesus Christ and thou shall l>e saved." I want to get from under condemnation; " There is now, thcreiore, 110 condemnation to them who are in Christ Jesus." The cross—He car ried it. The flames of hell He suffered them. The shame He endured it. The crown lie won it. Heights of heaven sing it and worlds of light to worlds of light 'II round the heavens cry, ' Glory, g!oi\!" I.t t us go forth and gather the trophies for Jtsus. From (ioleonda mine* we gather the diamonds; from Ceylon i .liores we gather the pearls; from all lands and kingdoms we gather precious •tones, -1 n*l we bring the glittering bur lent and put them down at the feet of Jesus and say: "All these are Thine, I hou art worthv. We forth again tie mote trophies and into one sheaf we .-ather alt the scepter* 01 the Caesars and *He Alexanders and the (fear* and the viltans and ot all royalties and dominions wid then we bring the sheaf of scepters and put U do, vii at the feet of Jesus and ■si): "Thou alt King ot kings: ill these Thou hast conquered." And then we go lorth again to gather tnotv trophies, and we bid the redeemed ot ages, the sons and d 1 ughters of the Lord Almighty, to 'on ■. And the bonis of heaven firing • lowti snd isilm and scepter, ami here by these bleeding feet and flits riven side and I * this » tunded heart try, "Messing and honor and glory snd power unto the Laiul. tot tv*» and «v«r,"
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