“Style is—Style.” I A morning paper, ihe Times, sighs over Jh*- fa e with which it is, threatened—the dreary m<k nf filling eighteen of its reading columns with Mr. Buchanan’s annual Mes sage, now ready to be sent to the two houses of Congress, at the opening, of the session. For our part, we think Mr. Buchanan quite moderate and reasonable in letting off that print with eighteen columns. For let our readers consider for a moment Mr. Buchanan’s, mode of illustrating a sub ject. It is one which requires ample space and many words. In his late letter to the IVishurg Committee, after saying that dis union was often presented “as a remedy for .evanescent evils,” he went on to tell them th it these evils would “speedily vanish away.” - This is only a sample of the beau ties of style which are frequent in Mr. Bu chanan's compositions ; he is in the habit of loriifving his meaning with what the envious world might call tautologies, but which in ihe language of the gods, are styled elegant pleonasms. For example in slating the complaints which he has got up against the unsettled government of Mexico, he would naturally say that they related to intolerable grievan ces which were by no means to be endured ; or he might observe that the attempt of Spain to obtain redress from Mexico for wrongs in flicted on her subjects was contrary to the Monroe doctrine which was proclaimed by Pr+sidem Monroe. In this ingenious waj n Mjess ige of nine columns might easily he swell led to eighteen. For our own part, instead of finding fault with Mr. Buchanan for his verbosity, we have been grateful to him for dealing with us so mercifully. When he said that evanes cent evils would speed’ly vanish away, we were thankful that he did not go on to tell us that the evils which speedily vanish away must be of short continuance, and that the evils which are of short continuance must soon come to an end. It is evident that he had us in his power, and might have pushed us ip the dicionary’s end ; bul he generously refrained. VVe hope lo find the same merciful absli nmre observed in the annua! Message. If we had nor made Mr. Buchanan Presi dent, the world at large would not have been, brought to observe how sensibly he writes Engli>h, nod whal a model of neatness of mylu he presents us. Such an example, in so elevated a post, will do infinite good by the emulation w hich it will provoke. —New York Evening Post, A Buries qae on moneyed Men. One of the amusing letters purporting to mme from Mohamed Pasha published in the Evening Pos/. % has the following hit at the “Merchant Princes” of New York ; “He was born in Huddletown, Connecticut,,, in the year 1802, By the lime he was ten years old (and very old, indeed, he was at that time of life) he'had made one hundred and sixty-five bargains, barters and dickers in shoe-strings, peg-tops and jack-knives and had amassed the sum of five dollars and fifty three cents. At the age of eleven, he errered the store of Grab & Ketchum, in his native town, and continued therein as a clerk until he had reached the age of fifteen years, and bad accumulated the sum of two hundred and five dollars and thirty-two cents. Invest ing this amount in potaotoes and dried pump kins, he set sail in a Stonington sloop for New York, and with his entire possessions funded at Fulton Market in the >ear 1817. Since (hat lime he has passed through ihe several professions of vegetable purveyor, fish vender, general merchant, bank presi dent, and a solid man, and is now considered a magnate and a millionaire. He was never indicted for stealing, or accused of infidelity. He was never troubled with an ultra idea, never had In unselfish aspiration, never went out of his way to do a charitable act, never bothered himself with romance, sentiment, or art, never spoke two consecutive sentences in a grammatical manner, never looked at the stars over his head nor the flowers under his feet. He is some fifty-six years of age, bald, biilious, and not especially amiable. He has just built himself a large brick house, veneered with brown stone, and furnished it with satinwood and biocatelle, and hung the walls with paintings, evidently by very old, and, indeed, quite decepil masters,and set up in a carriage. He has achieved a fine social position, and is now considered a most desi rable match for any virgin in Nety York.’’ The editor of the Butler County (Ohio) Democrat lately attended a wedding in that county, where the ceremony was performed by a young Justice of the Peace. The editor thus reports : The Squite is a regular Democrat, and a very 'young man, besides being extremely bashful. As luck would have it, this was the fint wedding at which he had ever been called uppn io officiate, and it may be sup. posed that he was somewhat embarrassed, managed,{however, with a trembling voice, upon the parlies to stand up and join hands, but, horrible to relate, he had forgotten the ceremony, and neglected to take with him his bonk ! After a pause of a few moments, Ihe ’Squire- broke the silence with the following question: I “In the name of the commonwealth of the Slate of Ohio, 1 ” “Know all men by these ” “Do you solemnly swear to lake this, woman to be your wife, to love, honor and obey her, to support the Constitu tion of the Slate of Ohio, and to vote the Democratic Ticket I” , As we backed out of Ihe door in convul sions with our fists stuck into our ribs, we imagined wo heard the groom respond “yes” and the ’Squire pronounced them “man and wife.” Poisoned Confectionebv.— -Much in dignation continues to be expressed in Eng land at the adulteration of confectionery, at Bradford, whereby 200 persons were pois. oned, 17 of whom have died, [t was caused by the confectioner putting 12 pounds of plaster to 40 pounds of sugar. EJe sent his boy to the druggist's for 12 lbs, of plaster, called The druggist directed the boy to go down to the cellar and take it out of a cask which he designated, but the boy, made a mistake and got an article of poison instead. THE AGITATOR. Ml. M. Cobb, Edilordk Proprietor. WELLSBOROIWH, PA. Thursday Morn I ng, l6, 1858. •** All BustDessjand otlierComrounicatioiumust be addressed to the Editorto insure attention. S. M. Pette?.gill & Co., 119 Nassau St., New York, and 10 State St., Boston, are tho Agents for the AgUoior, and the most influential and largest circulating Newspapers in the United States and the Canadas. They are authorized to con* tract for ns at our lowest rates. We cannot publish anonymous communications. 0“ We hate not lime to notice each new odvcr. Usemer m ali. We G. A. Grow for Vola. 2 and 4 ol Uomnrprcial Relations. An article from M. H. B. tor the Teachers* Col umn, will be published next week. During the long and bright winter evenings the Utile folks can be amused and instructed by study ing Astronomy. They can procure an excellent el. ementary work on that interesting science, at a tri* fling outlay, at the Bookstore. The work is method teal and comprehensive without being tedious. We are obliged to defer some intended remarks upon the President’s Message until next week. We have extracted the pith and printed it elsewhere. The entire document would occupy about twelve columns of our piper—-which is six times the space we have to lend a wicked and perverse old man. The Literary Association met at the Court Hous e last Thursday evening. Dr. E. Pratt in the Chair. An interesting and animated discussion of the ques tion—*» Is Free Trade, or Tariff, the true policy of our Government ? M resulted in a decision by the Chair in favor of the advocates of Free Trade. The following resolution will be discussed one week from to night: Resolved, that the County Sa> perintendenev should be abolished. J. Emery, Esq., lectures before the Association this (Thursday) evening. Subject: “The Earth and its Changes.” The public are requested to at. lend. We have been shown a pretty work-box, having upon the cover thereof a well conceived and finely executed oil painting, by Mr. S. E. Kirkpatrick, formerly of this borough. It is a landscape compo sition, with forest trees, socks, knolls, etc., in (he foreground, and beyond, a valley peopled with twi. light shadows, stretching away to the bine hills in the dim perspective. It is a summer picture, evi dencing fine imaginative powers in its design and artistic talent of a'high order in Us execution. Mr. Kirkpatrick resides at Green Island, near Troy, N. Y. Success to him. A New Blackberrv. —Mr. H. D. Dehjng, of Del. mat township in this county, has succeeded in pro ducing a new variety of the Blackberry which promises to supercede the Lawton and all other va. rielies. It is a cross of the Lawton and the native While Blackberry of the country. The bush rs hardy, equal to the native varieties of this climate for open culture and superior to the Lawton. It is very prolific, berries of a cream color and pme-apple flavor and very large. It is said to be almost thorn less, the few it has being small and short. Mr. Deming deserves much credit for prosecuting his experiment to success. He has disposed of the roots to the proprietor of the Delmonico Nurseries, Brooklyn, L. I. Plants may be ordered through Mr. Deming. A letter from our correspondent on Theology, Ge ology, etc., was handed In 100 late for publication this week. And speaking of those Letters, we are constrain ed to mention, for the benefit of those who seem to fear lest we may be held responsible for the views entertained by the writer thereof, that we arc not to be taken as agreeing, or disagreeing with corres pondents, except we positively declare ourself, pro or con. Our correspondent seems to be developing a theory rather than arguing from universally rec ognized facts. We do not, therefore feel called up on to'assent to or dissent from the views entertained by the writer. His exegesis of early Scripture his tory, in our view, does not relate to the authenticity of the record, bat only to its interpretation. His assertion that Slavery was established in the days of Abraham, is not intended, we apprehend, to jus. lify Slavery ; for the practice of purchasing wives as also polygamy, were established customs at that time. Any argument for the one is therefore just as good an argument in support of the others. At the period of which our correspondent writes, the most advanced tribes of men were in a semi barbarons state. It is a comfortable reflection that Slavery and Polygamy had their |)irlh in the serai barbarous ages. In Abraham’s lime it will be roc ollccted that, upon the populous plains of Sodom and Gomorrah, but one righteout man dwell— Lot. It was in that day ol universal debauch and among such people that Slavery, Polygamy and their kin dred crimes took root and flourished. Can there be a more sweeping argument against Slavery ? Touching the theology of the articles in question we can say nothing, because, as yet, we cannot per ceive their drift. Theology disturbs our thought very seldom. We base reached a condition in which it seems better to Hoe religion than to deal learnedly with mooted questions—questions, whichever way determined, which cannot wipe away a single tear, nor assuage a single sorrow. Therefore, ask os not of theological abstractions. We care not the snap of the finger fur such chips. Is there A Better Way? While, like Saul, “ standing by and consenting,'* wc have constantly protested, mentally, against the too common practice of moulding public opinion in favor of this man, or that, on the high-pressure ays. tcm. That that is not the proper way to get at the popular judg meet has always been one of our stron. gesl convictions. By the “ high-pressure" system we mean that helter-skelter teanvass of a county by townships and boroughs, made by individuals in tending to be candidates for preferment, and who take this way to prejudice the people in (heir favor- Wc believe it to be a gross perversion ol privilege, unwarrantable in a moral point of view and calca. lated to defeat, rather than to secure a candid ex pression of popular sentiment. We ore aware dial the high pressure system of political engineering is much in vogue with politi cians ; that it has put on tho rights and dignities of a Custom and will be defended and fought for as alt customs are defended and fought for- That does not render it less an evil and necessary to be got rid of. A beginning must be made somewhere. It will not do to ignore an evil because somebody may be practicing it, nr because it may be popular with an entire class in community. We said that, the high pressure system tended to defeat a candid expression of popular sentiment; we now say that it aitns to defeat such expression. In going before the people prior to a Convention one i seeks, not to convince the judgment, but to win the 1 sympathies and to warp tbe judgment of men in bis, favor. In pleading his cause he becomes so intense -1 ly selGsb that be recedes from principle and, in some THE j?10,Q4, COUNTY AGXTATOJU degree, draws meo‘af\er him. Now, sympathy wilh principles result* jtain a conviction of thelr'fyight eoutness, and cianot, if obeyes\lead men ulray ; bat sympathy with men, politically ally results from transient infioeoces and impress* ions, and therefore practically unfits its subjects for libera! and comprehensive action. We can jinderstaud how i thousand abuses have crept into existence through the Convention system of making up tickets. But Conventions are neces sary evils; inseparable from parly organizations, in the present state of the moral and opmentof the American people, even. Conventions are necessary to concerted action. Their use is to rally the members of a party around a common standard; to concentrate Us suffrages npon certain individuals for the accomplishment of a common purpose. A Convention should be a deliberative as sembly in the best sense of the term. Nothing has more contributed to destroy the integrity ol: the Con - vention-System than this high-pressure system of electioneering—this appeal to the prejudices. Vocal and personal, of the people, by aspirants for place. It is the grand mistake of modern politicians—a mistake rapidly demoralizing the political public. Were Conventions unknown to modern political organizations, the high-pressure system would be in order; in fact, no other active system coald prevail. It would be a free field and a helter-skelter feghl for preferment, much less dignified, in our judgment, Hi an the present adherence to * regular nominations. 1 Assuredly, both systems cannot long exist in co-op eration ; the tendency of each being to destroy the normal operation of the other. The question,-then, it, which system should be adopted to the exclusion of the other 7 Can the in tegrity of party organization be preserved without Conventions 7 and can any great object be attained without systematic endeavor ? In our judgment the integrity of an organization, political, or otherwise, cannot be maintained without staled meetings for counsel and deliberation; and it need not be argued at length in order to prove that no greatobject can be accomplished without conceited effort, for no rea sonable man will attempt to deny this.! Holding these opinions, we must declare in tavor of Conven tions and against the pernicious high-pressure sys tem of electioneering. One must be discarded, and that, too, without unnecessary delay. We propose, then, that the people take the work in hand. They are free to tolerate this intrusion upon their lime and privacy, or the contrary. If they desire to be bored wilii applications for their votes and influence in the election of delegates to a county Convention, why, let them sustain the high pressure system. II those who may be elected del egates desire to be persecuted and badgered for their votes in Convention, and after having been instruct ed, too, let them continue to tolerate the high-press sure system. Some may consider themselves com plimented by these deferential requests for their in- Jluence In favor of this, or that aspirant for place • if so, we hasten to assure them that (hey have no oc casion .to consider themselves favored above other men. There is a little clap-trap in modern politics, introduced by the parly now wielding the power at Washington and now somewhat in lavor wilh poli ticians of all stripes. It would please us to witness the death-struggle of the clap.trap system. It needs a thorough killing. It subsists on the vanity and conceit of men and, of course, can be starved out But the masses must do the work if it be done at all. Tiiey need not wait for political leaders to do it, for many of them count largely upon the high pressure system to elevate themselves. Let it once be thoroughly understood that any man altempt.ng to forestall the deliberations of the people in Con vention, thereby forfeits his claim to a favorable con sideration in that Convention, and the people will earn immediate respite from the persecutions of bo rers. Here is the plan to knock the high-pressure system on the bead and thus inaugurate w The Bet ter Way.” From various indications we judge that public sentiment is ripening for the change. The experi ence of last summer and fall did much to disgust the people With ante-Convention canvassing. We trust that the people will remember this very true line of the poet— <l Who would be free, himself must strike the blow. 1 * The Tri 6unc, after a manful resistance, at last is under conviction of sin committed against Bonner and The Ledger, Not long since, the Ledger was “ trash" and Bonner a a humbug." It has discov. ered that the first is a high-toned paper and the lat ter a hero. When Bonner purchased fame and the immaculate Edward Everett for and in consideration of the sum of $lO,OOO, the Tribune derisively laugh, ed and pictured the illustrious Everett in a frame composed of Sylvanus, Jr., and Emerson Bennett. It now concludes that both Bonner and Everett have made a charming arrangement, and that Mr. Ever, ett is appropriately framed. We certainly do think that the sublime rhetorician is in congenial company. The business of Sylvanus and Bennet is (o torture imaginary people with imaginary horrors. Mr. Ev. crctl's forte is to torture the English language with ovcr.dofees of metaphor. Tn truth, the great rhetor, ician exists in a metaphorical atmosphere. There is no real anything in his sphere. If the plaints of a million human beings come to his ear, he consoles himself and sets the world agape with a finely roun ded period. If a ruffian and bully brain his best friend for opinion's sake, the great rhetorician ex presses bis horror of such brutal cowardice in plain English, but apologizes to the ruffian's backers with a rhetorical flourish. He is a remarkable man. He proposes to reform tbe besotted with magnificent sentences. Ho will sum up all human wrongs in a melalepsis and dispose of all wrong.doers in a sin. gic trope; he will cure the evils that, afflict tbe na> lions by a metonymic syllabub; be will rear op a nation of rhetoricians on eynechdocbic pap! And the day is not far distant in which, if a ipan be all that is noble and grand in a Gospel sense, yet have nut that greatest, latest and best of Christian virtues —Rhetoric ! —he shall not be counted worthy of cither reverence or canonization. Helae! Happy they, who, when standing at the Bar of the Omniscient One, can -reply to the question— “ How have ye ministered unto the least of these, “my little ones V' —•* Father, we saw them an hun gered and athirst, and we gave them to eat and to drink ol Rhetoric; we heheld them sick and in bonds,and we solaced them with Rhetoric; we saw them naked and clad them in fine phrases; we com forted the sorrowing with tropes, pnored the balm of metaphor into gaping wounds and gave fainting souls figures of speech to lean upon 1" ' Thus, as we opine, will the illustrious Edward Everett acquit himself on that notable day. Niw-Yeab. Amusements. —Mr. L. Culver gives a party at his House in Elkland, 31st inst., evening. Mr. J. J. Johnston, has' an Oyster Party at his new Hotel at Whitneyville, same evening. There will be a parly at the House of H. C. Ver milyea, same evening. There will be a Party at the House of L. H. Smith at Tioga, 30th inst, evening. Tim January No, of Godty opens with two very fine line engravings and an abundance of Patterns for the ladies. - It may be purchased at the' Book store; or, we can furnish it to our subscribers at $3. : Petenon's now contains 100 pagesam is b great bargaiirat $3. ,Tbc January No. opcnu. WilH a'.wio mezzotint portrait and a lino engraving ejgftlVd “In the Biller Cold !*' ;We commeiid litis excellent Magazine to the ladifca. It may be hud at the Bookstore, or we can farmsh il and the Agitator one year, f0r,52,25. , We.have received the Pennsylvania School Jout*. nal for December. - Every teacher should subscribe for this sterling educational Journal without delay. Court Frocecdlngs.-lit Week. Commonwealth vs. S. Swimler Jr. Defendant discharged, no person appearing to prosecute. Coin’ll! vs. Joshua Smith. Indictment assault and battery—true bill. Com’lh. vs. James M. Bush. Indct. false preten ces—Defendant convicted and sentence deferred until next Session. { Com f lh vs. James F. Pickering. Passing coun terfeit money—-Bill returned ignoramus. Com f th vs. Henry Croful. Larceny—Grand Jury return bill ignoramus. Com’th vs, Wallace Strait et al. Assault and bat tery—Grand Jury return bill ignoramus, and prose cutor to pay (he costs. | Com’th vs. Geo. Norwood. Jodictoieni i for lar ceny— Deft, [dead guilty and sentence lo passed this week. « Com’th vs. Charles Pierce et a). Aasaultiand bat. lery—Grand Jury return true bill. Coin’ib vs. Charles Pierce et al. Indct, larceny with intent to rob—Grand Jury return the bill igno ramus. Com*lh vs. Isaiah Sutton, Indct. of Sep. Sessions for perjury. Tried—deft, acquitted and prosecutor to pay the costs. Com’lh vs Geo Vangorder. Deft, discharged.-no prosecutor appearing. Com’th vs. Alpheus Shelter, John Lutz, Solomon Blanchard and Wm. Falkrod. Indictment, disturb ing religious meeting—Grand Jury return true bill. Com’lh vs. Saroue' Benedick. Indictment, false pretences—Grand Jury return true bill. Com’tli vs. Henry Crofut. Indictment, perjury —Grand Jury return bill ignoramus, prosecutor to pay the costs. Com’lh vs. Citizen J. Bingham. Ung limber trees—Grand Jury return true bill. Com’lh vs. L. Backer and John Murdangh. In. diclment, conspiracy—Grand Jury return true bill. Com’th vs. Charles Churchill. Forcible entry Grand Jury return the bill ignoramus, County to pay the costs. J. N. Bache, H. W. Williams and A. P. Cone, were appointed a committee to examine applicants for admission to the Bar. Coates vs. Shoff. Rule to show cause—discharged. H. Darling et al. vs. township of Nelson. Rule to show cause—discharged. Merrill vs. Comstock. Rule to show cause why judgment should not be opened—made absolute. Parmenticr vs. Wheal. Rule made absolute and deed ordered to be made to assignees of defts. Barse vs. Slebbins. Certiorari—Judgement re. versed on the ground that there must be at least five days from issuing a summons to tbe return day, without including both days. Joel Rose vs. Supervisors of Rutland. Court de crees on assessment of 7 mills on the dollar to pay debts of township. _ Stanley vs. Daily. Rule to show cause why ap peal should not be entered, made absolute. Clark vs. Haslet. Rule toshowcauee why vend, ex. should not he set aside, made absolute. Beech and Jlushmore vs. Rufus Lindsey. Role to set aside award of arbitrators, mode absolute. Crane for Bennett et at. vs. Daggett and Sixbee. Rule to set aside Sheriff’s £a)e, made absolute. Bentley for Longwell vs. Bentley. Rule to set aside inquisition, made absolute. Sears vs. Dailey et al. Rule to set aside judgment as to Perry Dailey, made absolute. Widgcr va. Sally Henderson. Rule to strike off judgment, made absolute. Same vs. Jacob O. and Sally Henderson. A Ru)c to strike off judgment, made absolute as to Sally Henderson. Commonwealth vs. J. Emery. Quo warranto to show why he exercises the office of Justice. Rule to show caase why writ shall not be set aside on the ground that the name of the*person at whose ins. lance proceedings were instituted, is not endorsed on the writ. Rule made absolute and writ set aside. District attorney also files paper discontinuing pro. ceedings. Proceedings had at the Annual Meeting of ike Tioga Co. Agricultural Society , held at the Court House the first Monday in December , inst. Officers elected for the ensuing year: President. — Henry Sherwood, E<q. Vice Presidents. —R. Chm'enui, D. G, Edwards, John Pierson. Secretary. —G. D. Snrlh. Treasurer. —Richard English. Ex, Com. —Wm. Francis, Oliver Elliott, Martin Gerould, E. T. Bentley, J. B. Niles. Auditing Com. —J, F. Donaldson, J. Sher wood, John Kitkpatrick. Report of Committee on Field Crops: Beat Aero Wheat, D. G. Edwards, ain't raised, 21 33-60 b. “ \“ Coni, Hiram Brook*, ** 08 50-50. 2d beat Pbio. Vanhorn, “ - 73 7-56. Best Acre Oats, D. O. Edwards, “ 8T 4-IO “ “ Beans, Hiram Brooks, 7 ]A 2d best, “ Wm. Francis, ** Best acre Potatoes, Hiram Brooks, u 64 “ aero Buckwheat, D. G. Edwards, “ 4S “ acre Clover Hay, Hiram Brooks, “ 3 tons “ aero Herds Gras*, u “ *• 3 7-20 Best aero Turueps, Wm. Francis, “ 100 binh. Adjourned 10 meet at ihe call of the Ex ecutive Committee. G. D. SMITH, Secretary. XXXVth CONGRESS—iVcnd Seetion. Washington, Dee. 10. 1858. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Mr. Bv.ycb (S. C.) asked leave to introduce a resoluiion to admit Lieut. Mo wry 10 the floor of ihe House as a Delegate from Ari zona. Mr. Jones (Tenn.) objected saying that Aiizona is part of New-Mexico, and he saw no use in admitting two Delegates from one Territory. The House resumed the consideration of the Watrous impeachment case. Mr. Bilunghdrst (Wi».) favored the impeachment. He said that the charges made against Watrous were that the Judge had entered into a corrupt conspiracy for the unlawful institution in his Court of suits in which he was personally interested, for the purpose of having them removed beyond the verdict of a lock! Texas Jury. He had entered into a conspiracy to de prive individuals of their land by means of forged papers. He had presided at the trial of cases in which he was personally interes ted, knowing thal he was disqualified.from so doing; and he had permitted in pass without rebuke repeated illegal acts of officers of his Court. Mr. Billinghurst contended that these charges were sustained by the evidence. Mr. D.\vis-(Md.) inquired whether there was any evidence to show that Judge Wal rous ever engaged in a series of speculations in Texas, the cases connected with which were to be decided in his Court I Mr. Ready replied that there was not a syllable of testimony to show that Judge Walrous ever engaged to buy more than one tract of land at any time, the principal of which was not paid. There is proof that the Judge is a poor man, and that he was led into the purchase as a matter of favor to persons imAlabama, who ’had the capital. ’ He argu. od that, from the evidence, there ,is toothing to show corruption or malfeasance in office. ~sr “Th<|PWi of <B»el President’s ' Mb. BirciiAHAN ressWjikects the Kansas JB - Question. One year ago the sectional strife between the North and (be South on the dangerous subject of slavery, had again become so in tense as‘to threaten the peace and perpetuity of the confederacy. Thd application (or the admission of Kansas as a State into the Union, fostered this unhappy agination, and brought the whole subject once more before Congress. It was the desire of everiy patriot that such measures of legislation might be adopted as would excitement from the Stales and confine it to the territories where it legit imately belonged. Much has been done I am happy to say, towards the accomplishment of this object, during the last session of Con gress. J The Supreme Court <jf the United States had previously decided that all American ci tizens have an equal' right to takp into the Territories whatever is held ,as property un der the laws of any of the) Slates, and to hold such property there undHr the guardianship of the federal constitution,.so long as the ter ritorial condition shall remain. This is now a well established position, and the proceedings of tHe last session were alone wanting to give it practical effect. The principle has been recognized, in some form or other, by an almost i unanimous vote of Congress, that a Territory has the right to come into the Union either as a free or slave State, according to the will of a majority of its people. The just eqqtty of all the Slates has thus been vindicated,and a fruitful source of dangerous dissension among them has been removed. !j Whilst such has been the beneficial tenden cy of your legislative proceedings outside oT Kansas, their influence Has nowhere been so happy as within that Territory itself. Left to manage and control ijs own affairs in its own way without the pressure of-external in fluence, the revolutionary Topeka organiza tion and all resistance to the territorial gov ernment established by have been finally abandoned. As alnatural consequence that fine Territory nowj appears to be tran quil and[is attracting increas ing thousands of immigrants to make it their happy home. !] , HE MOHALIZETH AMD EX PL AIM EXIT. The past unforlunale experience of Kansas has enforced the lesson so often already taught that resistance to lawfuliauthority,-under our form of government, cannot fail in the end to prove disastrous to ijs authors. Had the people of the Territory! yielded obedience to the laws enacted by their legislature, it would at the present,moment Have contained a large additional population of industrious and en terprising citizens, who have been deterred from entering its borders by the existence of civil strife and organized rebellion. It was the resistancej to rightful authority and the persevering attempts to establish a revolutionary authority; and the persevering attempts to establish a (evolutionary govern rflent under the Topeka constitution, which caused the people of Kansas to commit the grave error of refusing to vole for delegates to the convention to frame a constitution, un der a law not be fair and just in its ptovisions. This refusal to vole has been the prolific source of allthe evils which have followed. In their hostility to the territorial government, they disregarded the principle, absolutely essential tq the working of our form of government, (hat a majority of those who vote—not the majority of those who may remain at home,! from whatever cause —must decide the resist: of an election. For this reason, seeking to lake advantage of their own error, they denied the au’horitly of the convention thus elected to frame a constitu tion. ’ f i HE TELLETH WIIATjMIGHT HAVE BEEN. Had Congress admitted Kansas into the Union under (he Lecofiipton consuiution, the Legislature might, at! its very first session, have submitted the question- to a vole of the people, whether they] would or would not have a convention to alnoend their constitution, either on the slaveryjor any other question, and have adopted all necessary means for giving speedy effect to the will of the major ity. Thus the Kansas question would have been immediately and finally settled. PINDETH HIMSELF’UNDER CONVICTION. With my deep conviction of duly r I could have pursued no other course. It is true that, as an individual, I had expressed an opinion, both beff re a’nd during the session of the convention, if favor of submitting the re maining clauses of the constitution, as well as that concerning slavery, to the people.— But, acting in an official character, neither myself nor any human authority hod the power to rejudge the jproceeding of the cbn vention, and declare the constitution which it had flamed to be a jnullily. To have done this would have been'a violation of the Kan sas and Nebraska policy ad, which left the people of the Territory “perfectly free to form and regulate th|eir domestic institutions in their own way, subject only to the consti tution of the United Slates.” HE PATTETH HUWELP ON T»E BACK. Under these circumstances, I submitted to Congress the constitution thus framed, with all the officers already elected necessary to put the Slate government into operation ac companied by a strong recommendation in fa vor of the admission! of Kansas as a State. In the course of myjlong public life. I have never performed anjt official act which in the retrospect, afforded me more heartfelt satis faction. Its adtqisslon could have inflicted no possible injury jon any human being, whilst it would, within, a brief period, have restored peace to Kansas and harmony to the Union. In that event, the slavery question would ere this have?been finally settled, ac cording-lq the legally expressed will of a me jorily of the vo'ers, and popular sovereignty would thus have bedn vindicated in a eonsli tutional manner. I ■“’lIE LAjMENTETH. lb "be lamented that a question so in significaht when viewed in its practical effects on the people of Kansas, whether decided one way or the other, should have kindled such a flame of excitement 'throughout the country. This reflection may! prove to he a lesson oi wisdom and of warding for our future guid ante. Practically Considered, the question is simply tyhelher the Ipeoplo of that Territory should first come into the 1 change any provision rn their cons, it ‘3 I agreeable to themselves, or acco o i '1 very same object by remaining oaVl' I Union and framing another consult il accordance with their will? j n >1 the result would'.be precisely the I only difference in point of fact i sj ju'' jeci would have been much sooner 3 and the pacification of Kansas more, '' I effected, had it been admitted as aSi | ing the last session of Congress. I HE HABVBLLETR THAT THE PEOPLE ra ■ - SAS SHOULD BEFUSE A BBtBE, * Under the ordinance which acco®. 1 the Lecompton constitution, the Kansas had claimed double the quaj f public lands for the support ( of schools, which had ever been granted to any Slate upon entering the and also the alternate sections of twelve miles on each side of two r,;. proposed to be constructed from the to the southern boundary, one fjoraih, ern to the western boundary of thesl Congress deeming these claims unreal, provided by the act of May 4,1859, i O ,: I have just referred, for the admission* Slate, but “upon the fundamental copj that a majority of the people thereof election to be held for that in place of the very large grants of j, lands which they had demanded unj,, ordinance, accept such grants as bjj, mads to Minnesota and other new !■;* BE DOTH MOT MAKE IT PLAIN WBT,. STATE SHOULD NOT BE ADMITTED J-. POPULATION NO GREATER THIS •. WHICH ENTITLES A SLAVE STATE u MISSION, Surely it is not unreasonable to sequin people of Kansas to wait before mib third attempt, until the number oftfe.’ habitants shall amount to 93,420. ft., this brief period the harmony of thejs as well as the great business inietevjj country, demand that the people ofth»p shall not a third lime be Amvulsedbri er agitation on the Kansas quesnoe, l waiting fop a short lime, and acim»u» ence to law, Kansas will glide in'otief wilhout the slightest impediment. This excellent provision, whioh Cm has applied to Kansas, ought to bea&i and rendered applicable 'to all Terr:- which may hereafter seek admission iv;; Union. Whilst Congress possesses the joinie power of admitting a new Sim mu Union, however small may be.the namar its inhabitants, yet this power ougk’K my opinion, to be exercised before tiek laiion shall amount to the ratio requires; the act for the admission of Kansu. ; this been previously the rule, the era would have escaped oil the evils and mi tunes to which it has been ejpjsedir Kansas question. HE CASTETU SHEEP'S-EYES AT Cm. The Iruih is that Cuba, in its exiinij: onial condition, is a consent source of: ry and annoyance to the American pecf* It is the only spot in the civilized c where Ihe African slave trade is tole* and we are bound by treaty with Greii ain, to maintain a naval force on tie a of Africa, at much expense, both of lie treasure, solely for the purpose nf amt slavers hound to that island. Thelttz ons difficuHes between the United S'.vai Great Britain respecting the right of an now so happily lerminaied, could nateis arisen if Cuba had not afforded a matter slaves. As tong as this market shall it? open, there can be no hope for the sin. of benighted Africa. Whilst the demts slaves continues in Cuba, wars will (fit! among the peity and barbarous chief'sn rica, for the purpose of seizing srl,* supply the trade. In such a condiM 1 fairs, it is impossible that the lightot? zaiion and religion can ever penelrtltt dark abodes. It has been made known lo the my predecessors, that the linked Sa's ; on several occasions, endeavored lots Cuba from Spain by honorable wg rrti If this were accomplished, the last the African slave trade would insiarl 1 . 1 - 3 pear. We would not, if we Cuba in any other manner. This t" our national character. All iheTe"' which wedvtve acquired since the id - ’ the governmem, his been by fair from France, Spain and Mexico, of d' free and voluntary act of the Stale of Texas in blending her destiC* ■ our own. This course we shall w e! -' unless circumstances should occur, do not now anticipate, renderingsdsf I '' from it c early justifiable, und* d*'®* live and overruling law of seli ? ieset ' 11 ' HE ASSESSETH THE VALtTK OFCfSi Whilst the possession of the Islsnd® be of vast importance to the L'm |e^ J its value to Spain is, comparatib’ly' 1 tant. Such was the relative siiniw 1 * parlies, when the great Napoleon Louisiana to the United States. COMPLAINETII OF MEXICO. Mexico has been in a s'ale of * revolution, almost ever since it ac f", independence. One military leader 1 ' other had usurped the government succession ; and the various from J lime to time adopted, naught almost as soon as they claimed. The successive governing afforded no adequate protection, Mexican citizens or foreign resident lawless violence. * * * be vain for this Government to force payment in money of 'it® , American citizens, now amounting • than $10,000,000, against M« she is destitute of all pecuniary f satisfy these demands. ’ _, American citizen can now vud ■ lawful business, without immia® his’ person and property, quale protection to either: and'V^t l our treaty with that republic is al letter. HE HISTETH ' riß ' f Abundant cause now undoa f for a resort to hostilities agatn* mem still holding possession Should tbey succeed in subdues if.- luMonai forces, nil reasonsb.e 1 i
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