M ■. wither tolbe cause offree <km lorihii: coootry«-wh« haa’watcbedlhe pthgtttt power 'during the fries aaf eentnrf till the paiaaageofthe Fugitive Stive Aetv.andlfaa subsequent crowning act of and&abaaa billet nptenkn'of aontimeal ohihk subjectf bf wioh &nma u (be Hon ~/o»j«li QUiaeyi'iatrady refreshing. The following graphic-epistle fitmi'ihai'gtniiomrin w«*;ni. eeittd Bomatnooths *ioce, it* replyConleiter from an individual of kindred feeling in (hi* diy,ion the Subject of Slavery, end .hia then reacnt addreas at. Eaoeuil Hall. Believing rttet'lkepabiicaiion of. right from audi a quarter would stceagtheh the enuteof freedom, in what we term the free Slate*, and believing; ,*!•<*' that what Mr. Quincy has written op political subjects in the closet,he would not be unwilling, if occasion should requiret ; tohave proclaimed .on I hie house top, and Ufatji though he does not seek publicity, he wouid.jwt lhuir it, 1 hand you bis idler for publication. ■ 3ib': !( find on the file of mf tetters one from you of tbelSih of August , which I fear may..have.escaped my acknowledgment as I do not find tut it my. usual indorsementon those Which hnva received from rite that at* tention. I prefer to risk giving, you the trouble of a sebond letter rather than leave my own mind in the uncertainty of hating been negligent in a ■ cause where every cir-, cumstance was of a character to indues punctuality, I presume that I Iranimit.ed to you, at, that time, a copy of the exertion, which, was the occasion of your correspondence; or I would transmit you another; for I printed enough to satisfy every congenial appetite. I have not belief that this, or any other exertion of more powerful minds, can bo ef fectual to rouse the free States to a sense of their duty to their country and to the cause nf humanity. The slaveholder command* the posse of the nation and has, what is of greater influence, (he distribution of power, and place, and promotion. The needy, the avaricious, the vain, the ambitious, and the unprincipled are always in the public market. The temptation to which Wefasetr, with all his unquestionable intellectual greatness, could not resist, must be overwhelming to the multitude of inferior minds, who know little of the past, care nothing for the future, and regard only the present, , The timidity incident' to the spirit of commerce in the North is the ally and constitutes the strength of the institutions of the South. Trembling aa the slaveholders do at the idea of disunion, they have had the address to njake the North believe they are ready and desirous of it, at the same time that every intelligent owner of a slave knows, in his soul, that (he arm of (he Union withdrawn will be the signal for the final destruction of 41 the peculiar iastilu lion.” Bui I am entering upon'discussion when f only intended an acknowledgment of your politeness, and to assure you bow truly and respectfully ( am your obliged servant, Josiaii Qotncv. From U« Coudtnport Journal. The Rights si Juries. The glory of the common law is its uni versal Trial by Jury. In fact, no man's lib erty is worth a fig, when the writ of habea* corpus and the right of trial by jury are not within thy reach or every person. Hence all oppressors, and all apologists fur oppres ion are cbnstanlly making eflorta to destroy or fritter away the influenqg, of Juries. Hence the denial of this great .lifeguard of liberty in the Fugitive Slave Bill. The slaveholder knew perfectly well thdt he could always purchase a ten dollar Commissioner who Would do his bidding. But to submit his claim to the bones and sinews of a man, to the decision of twelve independent citizens of a free Slate, was not to be thought of, because these would sciutinize the" evidence, and if there were any double in the case, would de cide in favor of liberty. Yes the trial by Jury is the only barrier between the oppressor and the oppressed.— Destroy that, and the people of the United States would soon be no better off than the people of Russia. Whoever ridicules or endeavors to hold up to public contempt an honest juryman, who feels compelled by the law as laid down by ■ho Judge, and the evidence as detailed by the witnesses, to dissent from the other Jurors, does what he can to destroy the trial by Jury. Such a man is not worthy of the the rights of an Americon citizen. It is the duty of every Juryman to decide the issue in queslipn, according to his own best judgment, and whoever goes over to the side of the majority without being first con vinced that tbo majority are right, is a per jured man! And a juryman who does conscientiously discharge his duly, in an independent, unbi ased manner, has a right to be exempt from a publictdiscussion of his conduct, even (hough he should, en his bended knees in the Jury box, address the Judge of all causes, asking for light to come to o correct understanding of the duty before him. To attack such a Juryman in a public print, we call an out rage, no greater it is true than Id attack one of the Judgea some time before for bailing the Defendanlln the same case, but having more at slake in the independence of the Jury, we cannot let this late aitack.pau without re buking (he impudent author of it, who does not deserve so mtfeb attention, except that his weakly falsehoods may, by and by, be believed by a lew innocents. Quick thdaanoit—Hbaltht Food.—Of all articles of food, boiled rice Is digested in the shortest Vims—- an hour, As it contains eight tenth’s nutritious matter, it is a valuable substance for diet. Tripe and pigs, feet are digested almost os rapidly. Apples, if sweet and ripe, are next in order. Venison is di gested almost as. soon as apples. Roasted potatoes, are digested in half the time requi. red when boiled, requiring hours—more than beef 6r mutton. Bread occupies 3$ hours. Ste Wed oysters and boiled eggs in 3) hours fljtout. more when raw, turkey and goose arasteqwbrtad io-34 hours, 1 i hours sooner than^iieteoa; rose led Veal, pork, and sailed beef occupies at least 5} hours the longest of all articles of food’—Scientific American. Tlmnday !•,*»*. THE A® Ju InttilMit bu engaged Jhe aerriceiof tbe fut-^ i# m£ ; Rev. Jwx ftiiwiT, Eebraaw-ftkaniMh*- «, j ? 16it and ISh. Rtßer. AbWPwnht. 1 aT Our tb»niti are duo T. L. Batowik, fiil-, tar doouroenta-A . T ’-I'J, f '' t * uj. XT Hon. Joo. Y. MuoOi Minietor to franco, fifed lPari*. j ' \ ■ ;i , / ’b* Who U paid fur k«pib| the Tofrn ©o* In ronninj erfierL- Hie A S&s Wf paAthlee, really, orer since Monday morning J XT Congrowi i* quarrelling ebonl inereeeed eom pewetiun—HB, aMteed fixed. Vfp hope they won’t gct.U. , ■ XT Life of Gtorfey, life of Bammrt, Saxe’* Po ems, poem* of Alexander Smith, Berth* end Lily, By Mr*. E. O. Smith, Idi May—end Dleriee tor 1855, tor sale tt BAILEY to FOLEY*. ftertb null »«oUi-Tl»e New , .ties. There hire been (grinds in-, the World's hlsfewy frdm a reiy.remote put down .to' tbe> prelaw, when the clviliwd-rkce hu joined lasoe npow borne alUfi torbihg • qoertWwj' which Swallowed op thomiooc issue# #f the factions of the tiine> ‘ So* then haVe been siroiltt periods In the history of this repeblit. The Bsnk end Tariff questions may bscitedaa.lbe most immediate, illattrativeandcesifirmatiae.eflhia. These issues, in their lime,drew lotlieii support those fictions of the body, politic which were em ployed in s hootlsss sUife upon. non-essentials. So true it is that men, relieved from tha presence of » commooenemy, fell to quarreling'aniong themselves. Tho mess of miod is never idle, sod in the absence of real causes for contention, sets itself about invent ing imaginary ones. The present indicates itself to bo the commence ment of a period in tho history of this land, not only 1 similar to those of which we have just spoken th the direction of public sentiment, but of greater import and fraught with the most important consequences to America. Tho country seems emerging from a long night of dreamless sleep, or, if not dreamiest, lulled by idle visions profiting nothing te the dream er, but prophesying much of the Future, It was a deceitful calm—a altent passage at arms of the po litical elements preparatory lo a sterner strife. The great, controlling parties were split into a multitude of factions, each eager (hr the spoils, wbieb bad be come attniaable only by multiplying issues. As the icc-bound river breaks its fetters and bears them broken end crushed on its troubled lido down to that sea in which they disappear forever, so a peo ple are emancipated (Vom party rote by essentially the same process, tod ths fragments are borne down on the current of public opinion and lost forever in some all-engrossing question. Tree, the neat polit ical winter will fetter the stream again, and Party will again hold sway until it gels rotten and corrupt, when the same phenomenon will a gain, occur in its liberation; and ao this process of binding and loon, ing will go on while there la a wrong to right or an error lo root out. Gray.haired men who are familiar with the hiato. ry of Ibis country from its political birth, tell us that they never before saw the tetters of party fit so loosely upon the masses. This is doubtless true. Evidently, an important crisis is approaching, in which the question of our political existence roust be decided. Bow it will be decided, ie a secret that the Future must disclose; for the age of prophecy, men asy, is separated from tide by a great golf of centuries. Yet some hopeful spirits have prophesied great good for America— o{ a lime when her Idaal •hall bo her Real, and every species of tyranny by which the right! of one become the sport of another's csprice, shsil be destroyed. Wo believe thst there are prophets even in these days, and that America, exalted as she may be, it knocking at'lhe door of a aublimer Manhood. It ii hardly necessary to ray what the great ques tion is, which is concentrating the morel energies of the people 10-dsy. The Slavery question has been gaining importance so rapidly, and the inconsistency exhibited in its growth in the very heart and under the patronage of a Republic, has become so painful* ly apparent, that even moderate thinkers need no prompting to observe it. While the Whig and De mocratic partiev were National, they stood sponsors for the institution. The latter, assuming (be name most expressive of equality, has long been the chief support of the system as applied to the black mao, but from inherent rottenness has gone down in the dust of defeat. True to the principle of its organi zation it died u game,” insisting that the institution of Slavery was necessary to the peace of the Union. The former was more conservative in policy, but still pro-slavery in principle. Its weapons were oornpra. raises; or, in oilier words, its policy was to kill tbs system with kindness, thereby jt|st as effectually aiding the South sa in a frank espousal of its cause. It fed on the energies of s Clay and a Webster and expired with them, its end hastened by an over dose of Southern pap, known as the Compromise meas ures. Millard Fillmore officiated as nurse, and let his patient die remarkably easy. Arnold Douglas performed the same kind office fur the Democratic party, ind'With Mr. Fillmore, is entitled to the grat itude of every friend of emancipation far doing hie duly ro effectually. Both parties are dead, and what demagogues )ost, the country has gained. Laboring to resuscitate is labor in rain. They ire deed past recall and the ehsm {asms over which (hey fought, perished aioog with theqi. Peace to their ashes! In their places, two now parties have sprang up— the Republican, jin opposition to Southern insolence and agression, and the American, in opposition to Catholicism and foreign influence. From Die secre cy of its operations thousands Were attracted to its standard who never gave a thought to its tendency. Hatred to Catholicism influenced the masses, love of power its leaders. The former were honest, the lat ter politic. Some joined it through {ear, other* from desire of place, and others still, from curiosity. It election after election before men paused to consider ifa bearings upon the great question of bn mid-freedom. Now it seemed the champion of Tem perance and Freedom, and now of their opposites. It did not seem probable that any political organisa tion could long preserve neutrality upon the great is sue between the North tod Sooth. And now that the nein sod smoke of battle bss passed away, it becomes the duly of every freemen to pause end consider the relations the American -party bolda to the question of Slavery. The'beat in terests of tbielend and of its bameoitary ibaasaraa require that the curse ofWarery should be to cir enmaeribed that eventesHy it-ahatl no mere orer shadow thsdwnrea-Sf TWiirlniii Then ilistimetc eonaidar the pashloa of Ihe Anreficen party in re gard (o Blarery. It la Air to judge by the put ; and casting behind os, we may observe that all par ties that bare become National, here invariably been supporters of, and apologlzm for Slavery. It most L H rbec^iß a Nijfiioalpartjr, M it* organ* ari«trataing.|i|iy nei^|to''it^,j|l*()u ; Such *»« wktehMtt rittpd progrwps reported prna.iM# bocdhtlteriy thnpbath-ha* oppoaair It. 'BqtSfef aHisohangpd. the Slav* power has suddenly di* COMWI 'frim aßyrthrongfa which it-hopewtovei -toie** jtoitftmsaA aaubiieh itpejf upon ampty, w. Mwli. r '- , -nnih 9kw £rei* drain eldqtkrrt itrtuff pnm bflfaU aew Hree ta Amtriean Organ, .published. it Wuhingtpp, in ad dition to whet we extracteTirdm Ui colorant i tew' ' wdeti'elhbe, SUttry «toc; Bl&trp? 'N?w( in whit differ* this language frim that of Sldvery propagandists every where t “ JWi metengmP— ii lyianU,;and Blsverjf hss grown fat ; aßd‘faioleßt.-indeT‘it 'lf yon Wait error lo thrive, let italopc, Ifjop.wantorlme to flourish, let it alone. ‘ 'JujrTio‘wlth SJarery: let; it alone,.aod color, plppe .will not long .bound it»,curse, a Wofld .weald at | lut,toil and sweat in the bond* of .(ijtepd and ■, • . in a forinet attielo we gave copious extracts of a natliro sim|!sr. te the shore: we are notyet done, but shall helpi.Veep the malter Before the people. It should 1» remembered. that net ehe'of the. professed orpins of 1 the party offersanylhing more liberal in regard'to thequestkm oCSlsvcry than suchiCnU mentSM we giro a bote. These are the facts, 1 gett tlemen—makelhe moil Ot them. ■ ' We shall cßnliaoelhi* subject next week,' and en depvor to sbowlhi inconsistency of die American leaders in' Ignor’rag.lhefllaVefyqaeilioh. ■ Xk« liltg|slatnre.-«li> the House, Mr. Ball apod's Bill on tße3d ipst, entitled “ An Act to re ducolhapipenses,*nd secure the faithful payment of tax**’’ Tips main features of this bill are excel lent, and if.it becq.ipis-a law, will simplify and ren ■ihfl ColleCtlOQ of IMM-4 YSTJ de« single thing, certainly, lit provides for the repeal of the present inefficient laws relating thereto, and enacts instead. Ujat when appeals shall have been held By the Commissioners they shall make out du plicates for each township and borough and place them in the hands of tbeCounty Treasurer for col lection. .Then 'the. Treasurer is required annually to fix a time land plane tbr each borough and township when and where.be will, attend to receirc payment of all taxes of said borough atr township—none of these appointments to bo later "than the 15th of July of each year. and to be adrdrtised in all the newspapers in the Courtly, at' least two weeks previous. And all persons or corporations paying their taxes on or before the 15th of July, shall be entitled to a deduc tion of fi’per cant thereon. -Then, immediately af ter the Ist of September of each year, (he Treasu rer is requited to make out a duplicate of all unpaid taxes in eaoh township with a warrant annexed and directed to the constable, who shall proceed to col lect it according to law. By this law, the Treasurer would collect all taxes and instead of the 5 per cent, now allowed to a mul titude of collectors, be would receive but S.per cent, on the whole amount collected.. This is an impor tant item, and perfectly just to payer and collector; for the first pays less than under the old law, while the latter is far better compensated at 2 per cent on the whole, than any collector under the present law is at 5 per cent—or would be at 10 per cent Under (his law the Treasurer would be required to pay over to the respective townships (heir quota of , road, school, and Poor moneys as they shall come to hand. Let us have the law by all means. Ttae tecta res.— The Bth Lecture before tlie Institute wof delivered by Mrs. E. O. Smith, in stead of John 6i Saxx, as advertised—the Utter be. ing delayed by “ a train of circumstances, or the circumstances of a train"—as ho facetiously stated in apology the ensuing evening. Mrs. Smith, very opportunely, was u in town,” and treated the assem bled audience to a lecture on Cleopatra and the Egyptians—abounding in beauty, as ererything from the pen of that gifted lady does, Mrs. M. C. Rock wan presided, and officiated gracefully and well. On Saturday evening, Saxe read his inimitable po em—“ Yankee Land," to a well filled house, and benefilted dyspeptics, probably, more than all the qnack medicines and drugs that were ever invented. On Sunday evening, Mrs. Smith preached in the Presbyterian Church to a large audience. Her text was—* Every wise woman buildethlierseif a house.’ We base beard (he discourse spoken of as t pro duction of rsre liletUry merit, and as containing a great deal of sterling truth. On Monday evening, Mr. Saxe lectured on Poets and Poetry, at the close of which he read his beat satirical and hnmorons poem—“ The Money King," which contains some of the happiest bits at the vices and rallies af/lbe age that were ever written or aaid. The andience was was not so large as it should have been under the owing to sn im pression that he would give a free lecture on Tues day erening. We can only offer ear condolence to those who lust one of the richest treats that was ev. er offered to this, or any other public, by trying to save two shillings—on uncertainties. The 10th and 11th lectures before (he Institute, will be by Rev. Astoinettx L. Grown, on Thursday and Friday evenings, Jan. 251 H and 261 h. Mbs Brown is the most accomplished female orator of the day, and her discourses are masterly blendings of strength and beauty. She is what Mrs. Smith would call a “ manly woman " or a true woman. l ET We have been «hown a machine for Washing manufactured and sold by Mcaare. Slurrook, Landis' i, funyth of this village, which for’ simplicriy of construction, economy of space and effective opera tion is not surpassed by any machine for like pur pose, yet invented. It consists of a water-tight box two feet long, about the same in height and a foot wide. In thii box are put a quantity of wooden balls about two inches in diameter, A lever with a sash depending from the under side, having a con trivance for holding tbs elothes, works on a fulcrum at the backside of (be box. Water enough to float the balls being poured in, a pair of sheets, for in stance, are placed in the jawa of the sash, and arc let down into the water. The lever, (which a child of ten years can easily work} is then worked, and the balls rolling over the clothe* soon render them clean and White. Being twice passed through this process, the clothes need no boiling. We are eon vipced that one of these machines will pay for itself twice, in a year, in labor and'wear and tear of clothes avoided. Till* machine. If «et on wheel*, thus rendering it easily moved about to suit Hie convenience of the a«er. It tapateoted, and the abovenamed gentlemen have the aolo right lor a largo portion of thi* county They are furniihed at the low price of 16 each. B 7 Hallo! there, Messrs. of tbo Welle boro’ dri tstor, would it bo any more wrong for Die Associate Judges of yopr .County to grant the petition for Tavern Licenced, than it is lor yon to publish their petitions? —Coniempmri Journal. Well,’ yes, Messrs. of the JooatML, wo rather think il wenU he men Wreag. We cduider it a :«neh greater Wrong in Mamuarlyto grant licensee to individuals, than to publish their petition*. The law commanding their publication Is a good .one. We suppose it was intended to prevent the granting ■of licenses without affording on opportunity Ihr re monstrance 5 if so, it is very necessary to publish TIOGA CO •Hr; - - .•‘tn*- PNTt A6ITATOB. Hta yoar rnnwelUDg. DcjgUioii M, preaealiag bit petitlonltc| |Un jou joar «je» o«n| Ih i^tiee, don't yon 7 Hjuka| afKliftr ■«*) might a M dark,; - ■ • Fkr tU AgiitUr. C*iuHo7icF<r»[t^ilcef6lirre6 ; fi‘*m i fh#P«sidentofih^Board ) th«i - ihB County Auß®i^B t S^dSl>UJX^9!“L^ s sl , .99.!j , ,l lave be? 0 ajpen lour months the'first Monday ne, do&l I Only k»| yet lodged proper certificates and affidavits with me, andlHesoHava all been sefit to HarV rlsfeurgj hiffi'thifr TVeapurer»i‘f'supposej Ijkve received.'ilielr Wtirfan)afor tlia.puMic money. Alr 'diiidr Presidenls'of Bu&idk of directors have; blanks for litis certificate,'WbVfdedfor in iectldn SS of the'Schdol or if they have them hat thejrwill 1 lie phppliad da ap plying to the County'lSuperiTiiehdenf. Most, if hot all the schools that the pffepiofS have thought 1 ’ necessary’ lb establish in thhlVSevb ra| districts, have, been keptopen four months, aiiid the nioney due’ them ia generally needed td pay the ledcbers.wtyj,' as we have previously rgmarked; should be' pnid When they .present'each’- rtihnthty report, and "con limied bt; discharged as they succeed Or : fail aS teachers. As we'have already-explained many of Use certificates that Have been Tor warded from’different parts OF the county) camp before the, first oFOctoberi and conse quently “before it wad possible That - the schools, could''have been kept'open fbur months subsequent to - the • first-'Monday of Junfe, 1854. On account of this misappre hension of the 30th section', of the law, seventeen Certificates now lie helore ns that are useless, and, as we have tried to explain orally to, the directors in different parts of the. county, tyill have to bo supplied by new ones, before such districts can- receive (he public money,. It is believed that nearly or quite all these districts have now complied with the low that requires them to keep their schools open four months and could receive their amount appropriation from jthe‘ depart ment, if the Presidents of the Board of Direc tors would promptly send in their certificates and affidavits. It is necessary also to re mark that in several cases the 1 President of Directors having properly filled out the blank, and signed the certificate, fails 'to sign the affidavit, for which oversight a certificate has just been sent back to us from Harrisburg. Of the seventeen affidavits now in our hands ten would be protested at Harrisburg on this account if for do other. Have patience, Di rectors, and we’ll get things right after we learn the way. Allow me to call your at tention further to the closing of a circular issued by the department on this subject-.. The first part of the circular relates to the very subject which has been explained in this ar ticle, and previously also to the Directors in person, in different parts of the county. The following part of the circofar will help the Directors in a difficulty of conscience, end also explain the propriety of requiring this certificate before the order is issued for the, annual appropriation. “ A difficulty is in some instance* raised as to what is meant by “ the Schools”—that is, whether the affidavit can be properly made, unless a School has been opened and kept in operation four months in every part of the district where one may be deemed ad visable. The law will bo fulfilled, and hence the affidavit may be properly made, whenev er every pupil'of the district has had a rea sonable opportunity of obtaining four months schooling. Under the law of 1849, the districts were entitled to a warrant for their pro rata share of the State Appropropriation, whenever they made report of their operations under the law the previous year, and certified that they had levied tax sufficient to. put and schools in operation three months for the year to which the appropriation applied. Under this provision, gross frauds were com mitted by making false reports, when no Schools had been in operation—issuing du plicates and never collecting them, or any part of them—not keeping the Schools in operation as the law required—incompetent and immoral teachers—and not requiring proper branches to be taught, &c., end in some instances expending the Slate Appropri ation for making roads and other illegitimate purposes. Hence the provision in the pre sent law, that the Schools must be kept open four months in the manner required in the several provisions of the act of Slh May, 1854, before the appropriation will be paid. When the reasons fur its adoption are under, stood, the provision will no doubt be appro ved by every honest man, and particularly by the friends of Education by Common Schools. As extensive misapprehension prevails on this subject, it is suggested that it would be well for yog to make a full explanation of ii th/ouzh your county papers. Very Respectfully, Yours, &a., HY. L. DIEFFENBACH, Dep. Supl. Common Schools.’’ If any President of Directors ip ifie coun ty has not a blank form from the Couniy Superintendent, and prefers not to wait till one could be forwarded, at his request trough the P. 0., they can find a form in School Law, page 44. If such a manuscript should come from any district that wag not correct, a blank form would be immediately gem back. Allow us to say in conclusion, that our our short experience of the'difficulty in secu ring prompt and efficient attention to these annual reports and certificates, as well as to the local interests of (he schools, by a board of six directors, who divide the duties too much among themselves, has forced upon ua the conviction, of which we hove spoken in a previous article, and also suggested, as it is made our duly in lite law, to the depart ment in our annexed report, that our school system would be beiter administered by bav. ing a town auperiniendehno co-operate with the county Superintendent in orgonizing and teaching these schools. This town officer, calling to his aid one director from each sub district to watohover local iblerests.aod him-, self paid by, and amenable to the (ownahip for the prompt diachargeof Itis duty, ii seems to us would be a great benefit to our excellent school system. J. p. CALKINS, ■ Co. Sup’t. ■rijfcliiert message. jns of IBiTreasury of the las) year [preseotw to you in detail, bji jthe hi that defWtment. The result* «re * a steadily IqJ creasing revenue from nearly aTI the ordinary! •gmnfcesr ~ ;■ ■.r?Tha »|gMgaior fiscal year ofaSSI, balance in theTreasoryjOntheSOihof November, 1853, amounted to the,i»u9*. of 86,865,912 ,W. — The gross for ihe same, period, to The sum 29 } lea ring,a bal !dhbe dn iVlieieOih of Novembeti, of i 91,240, 929,72. payments consisted of \TiW' fblrdyi-Viig iienisi'ta wit:'loan* Repaid, ,^2bs, I SBB it)'; lb ilie North Branch.' cadal, 8206,352 76!'to the construction of the ’pew .railroad over the Allegheny mountains, , $46i,921 03 jto the payment debts bn 'the public 1 wbfk5,8359,948 38. Of the 'balance remaining in tho Treasury, a pbnion 'U ’applicable \o,(he payment of the Stale debt, and the remainder to Cur real demands. '’’The simple, or',ordinary operations of the Treasury lor ihe same period, were as f°t- Ibwaj ld Wit the,receipts,V|^lo»V£e,of'lba ns and the balance in me TrelsSry'bn S lib 30th of November, 1853, rdaltwd from perrrthi pent sources, amounted to the Sum ofss| 216,090 00. The ordinary expenditures; in cluding the interest on iherSlate debt’ and all the payments on the finished lines of the public worlts', excluding the payments on nfew works and loans, amUonled to 84,110,744 84 ; being 81,161,491 15 less than the re ceipts. ■ No more reliable estimate of the operations of the Treasury for 1855 can be made, thdn is furnished In' the results for 18,54. THo ordinary'receipts may be safely estimated at a million ol dollars’ 'above the unavoidable expenditures. A portion oflhis exbeSs will bo required to complete the new Portage railroad, nhd the North Branch canal; and the remain der should be fuiibfolly applied .’toward the payment of the State debt. Thq aggregate receipts on the public works for the past jbnr, nS reported by the Canal Commissioners, amounted to the sum of 81, 876,978 88 ; and the expenditures to the sum of 81,101,570 54 ; leaving a balance of 8774,508 34, from which, however, should be deducted the sum of 837,900, properly chargnlile to the year, for new locomotives and other, unavoidable expenditures—thus re ducing the net profits to 8736,008 34. If we add to this, 131,000 received from the Penn-1 sylvnnia railroad company for the three mill lax, which is claimed by some as a part of the income from the public works, we find a net revenue of 8867,000 ; a sum equal to the interest on seventeen millions of the five per cent, debt of the State. The aggregate re ceipts were 857,121 less than for the year 1853, and the reduction in expenditures amounted to over 8159,287,000. The with drawal of the business of the Pennsylvania railroad from the Portage road, readily ac counts for this difference. The Delaware division makes a most grat ifying exhibit. Tbe gross receipts counted 8305,327 07, and the expenditures 859,738 67, showing a net profit of 8305,588 40 ; a sum equal to the interest on six millions of the public debt, and to 20 per cent, on the original cost of the work, including the ex penditures for new locks. As made my duly by an act of the Legjs- Inlure, approved the 27th of April last, pro viding for the sale of the main line of the public works, sealed pioposals for its pur chase were invited, up to the first Monday of July last. No offers were made under this invitation ; and public notice was again given, on the 14tb of November last, in accordance with the 29 h section 'of the act, fur propo sals, to be submitted to the General Assembly ; but none have been received. This improve ment is, therefore, still the properly of (he State, subject to such disposition as the Leg islature may deem necessary. The real value of the public works, is a proposition full of difficulty ; and I doubt not the General Assembly will approach the in quiry, duly impressed with its impbrlonce.— Ten millions of dollars was fixed by the law of last session, ns the price for the mainline. This miqimum is said by some to be too high, and the failure to sell regarded ns the conse quence. Others attribute '.he absence of bid ders, to the condition of the money market— to the stringent restrictions imposed upon the law ; and to the efforts that had been previ ously made to disparagethe value of the line. But it is obvious that more than one of these causes may have operated ; and a greater than all may have been, the hope of gelling this properly on belter terms at a future lime. I feel very confident that the latter; consider ation was not without its influence. But, be this as it may, it is certainly wiser to fail to sell from any one of these causes, than to hazard the works in the market, without any restriction or limitation ns to price or condi tions. A bad sale would assuredly be a greater misfortune than no sale at all. The administration of Gov. Shunk com menced the cancellation of the relief issues; and that of my immediate predecessor arres ted the process, leaving 9050,163 of this unsightly currency in circulation. In the spring of 1853, the policy of cancellation was again resumed; and up to this date, $485,384 68 had been received-into the sink ing fund, applicable to that purpose, leaving the meagre sum of $154,778 "12, to provide for. The gratifying fuel is apparent, there fore, that, without any further on this subject, the entire outstanding balance of relief notes enn be withdrawn from circula lion and destroyed during the current year. (I is true that these issues have not come into the Treasury os rapidity ns the funds for their cancellation have accumulated, and that, consequently, a portion of the receipts have not been invested ; but this difficulty will be obviated in June next, when the law will go into operation which forbids the banks and receiving officers of the Commonwealth to pay out these issues, and requires; them to be presented at the Treasury for cancellation.— We shall, therefore,, soon see the last of a currency which has polluted the channels of circulation for thirteen years past; and 1 trukt that'the lesson thus taught has been quite sufficient to warn ua against similar er rors for all time to come. A new feature in the system, adopted in •ha law of last session, creating the office of Vr sU.ifiitusr<tt tot?'® County Supetintendemhae. not, as vet, been fully tested some diversity pf the provision. : least, that mainly uptM'tße 'ffidffitfift'ffltl&pifenls se lected to ppjrry it into ,Competent and faithful Superintendents;may produce the jhappiest results fTar h( Id I rigeofey of the ignorant or inefficiSnflf ill 'te by the reverse consciences,lilpifa(if , ,io,- give this new feature of .the Ittwaiair trial, it will be necessary, therefore, for the directors, in the respective couqtiw, to select Superintendents with sole reference to their’ adaptation to the duties of the station. . We have before us the plairnwrltleri com pact of our fathers, to which they reflecting ly consented and subscrifaedi and so bound us who have succeeded them. Its blessings and its benefits have been (bit throughout long years or unexampled prosperity. If w e would change any of its provisions, let us, with at least common honesty and manliness, pursue the mode of amendment; which is pointed out with’ admirable. precision, in the noble instrument itself. But until this is done, those amongst us, who, from whatever motive, or under whatever pretext either openly re pudiate any of its plain provisions'oti covert ly retreating under the qlbak of a secret or ganization, seek to violato-its .spirjti or avoid compliance with its clear behests, dishonor 'the' faith 'of their/falhcrs, and deny their own palpable aqd pplpmn obligations. Elitertaiq. ing (heseviews, how can any '.American pa yiot.r'pgard, with the. [east degree jof compla cency,' the continued" and' embittered excite ment of one section of the country against the domestic institutions of another ; or the mote recent organization of secret societies throughout the Union, based upon doctrines of exclusion aqd proscription, utterly at war with our National and Slate constitutions, and obnoxious, to the liberal spirit ofAmerican republicanism 1 admirer of tlte vene rated father of bis country, but- must now feel, with resistless force,,his solemn warn ings against secret societies for political ends, as placing a powerful engine in the hands of the selfish and designing, and enabling them not only to acquire power unworthily, but also to gap and destroy the most sacred prin ciples of our government 7 Arrest of Sev'en Persons Clmr|M with Robbing ttae Rail. On thn evening of the 29th of Dec., the regular mail messenger on the route between the Elmira Post Office ami the depot being sick, one of the office clerks was dispatched with the mails to the depot. On (he arrival of the train from the West, having taken the mails for (he office on board the wagon used to convey the mail to and from (he depot, be found on arriving at the office, that one of the bogs was missing, and immediately reported the fact to our worthy Postmaster. Mr. Ste vens, who, having instituted a search, think ing (hat the bag might have dropped from (he wagon on the route, coincided with (he clerk |in the opinion that the bag had been stolen. {John Stevens, son of the Postmaster and I clerk in the office, who, after this event, had lin charge the conveyance] of the mails to and from the depot, observed that several young men followed the wagon from the de pot, becoming so daring at last as to escort it rather slyly even to the Post Office. The farts were imparled to the police, and Officer Kelly was stationed at the depot to keep watch and ward for the gentry. Various decoys were used, in the hope of taking them in the commission of the robbery. From the way in which (he first bag was lost and the supt cious event of the wagon, it was supposed J that the robbers managed in the dark to ap- I proach the wagon on ns passage, slyly slip ] the bag from it and remove it to a “conven ient reliracy.” No attempt at theft was mode, however, by which the persons could be ar- I rested, but they were recognized and “ spot- I ted” for future reference. On the morning of the Sih last., occurred the mail robbery of Binghamton, the partic ulars of which have already been made pub lic. The same boys, (young men, rather) who had been observed following the wagon from the depot, were reported to have been seen in Binghamton the evening previous to the robbery. Deputy Marshal Palmer imme diately proceeded to Binghamton, and obtained description of the money contained in the mail. Soon after, a fifty dollar bill was passed by Gjorge Jonson, at a clothing store in town, which was identified ns one of the bills contained in the Binghamton mail. Johnson had been seen, also, following the mail from the depot here. He was immediately arrested. On going fur his trunk, $BO were found con cealed between Ihe ceiling and the clapboards of his room. He was committed. Yesterday morning, five other young men —Addison Wheeler, Alexander Powel and his youngei brother, Charles Timbrook and Storms were arrested on suspicion, they being Johnson's confreres, end same or Ml of them having been seen following the mail wagon. At the time of their arrest, they"were found together in a grocery ploy ing cards ! The arrest was made by Officers Kelly Crane, Brown nnd Prescott, and the young-men committed to jail. During the afternoon of yesterday, Vincent Odell, a confrere of Johnson, was arrested by Officer Crane as a paniceps criminis, and lodged in jail. The younger Powell and Charles Tim brook were discharged from custody, their only fault appearing to have been the associ ation in which they were found. The remaining prisoners, accompanied by officers and witnesses proceeded to Troy this morning, where the arrested will undergo an examination before the IT. S. Commissioner in that plade.— Elmira Republican, Modification of tub Tariff.—The in telligence from Washington is, tbqt the private protest of jnany Democrats from the as well as the Nojih,Uias made a halt in the meditated assault upon the Tariff imperative ly necessary. There are even some of the Virginia delegation, it is said, who remon strate with plaintive earnestness, against be ing delivered into the hands of'tha Whigs and Know Nothings, as a sacrifice to the vagaries of a few theoretical free-traders. The latter gentlemen are also Inexpressibly disgusted with the forty per cent, schedule, or sumptu ary list, of the Secretary of the Treasury, and do not scruple to avow to all corners that they regard it as a surrender, at discretion, lo
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