RATES OF ADVERTISING: One Square, one Inch, one week.. .J 1 00 One Square, one inch, one month.. 3 00 One Square, one inch, 3 months..... S 00 One Square, one inch, one year .... 10 01 Two Squares, one year 15 00 Quarter Column, one year 30 00 Half Column, one year SO 00 One Column, one year 160 Ot Legal advertisements ton cents per line each insertion. We do fino Job Printing of every de scription at reasonable rates, but it's cash on delivery. THE FOREST REPUBLICAN. Published every Wednesday by J.'E. WENK. Office in Smearbaugh & Wenk Building, Kl.M HTUKKT, TIONKHTA, PA. Forest Republican. Terai 1.00 A Year, Mtrlclly la Advanea. No subscription received for a shorter poriod than three months. Correspondence solicited, but no notice will bo taken of anonymous communica tions. Always give your name. VOL. XXXVII. NO. 39. TIONESTA, PA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1904. $1.00. PER ANNUM. BOHOUGH OFFICERS. Huigetui. V. It. Lanson. CouHCttmen. Dr. J. O. Dunn, J. B. Muse, O. F. Weaver. J. W. Landers, J. T. Palo.W.'F Klllmer, C. A. Lauson. Justice of the react G. A. Kandall, S. .Hetley. Constable n. ti. nianweu. . Collector a. J. Sotley. ' School Director l. Fulton. J. O. Hcowden, K. L. Haslet. K. W Bowman, T, F. Rltcbey, A. C. Brown. FOREST COUNTY OFFICERS. Member of Congress Joseph U. Hioiey. Member of fiennteS. K. P. Hall. -A axeuibld C. W. Ainsler. V PresidentJu'tgeW. M. Llndsey. Associate Judge R. B. Crawford. W. H. II. Ootterer. Prothonotary, Register A Recorder, sc. J. ('. (ieint. ..i .riw. W Mill. lit VeMHir Krl. A. Keller. Commxssioners O. Burhenn, A. K. Shlpe, Henrv Weingard. District Attorney ti. D. Irwin. jury Commissioners Ernent Slbble, Lewis Wanner- V Coroner-Dr. J.V- Morrow. County Auditors-. H. Utiles, Geo. W. Holntnan, It. A. Metioskey. Oounty Superintendent E. E. Stltzln er. ger, lleaulnr Term ef Curt. Fourth Monday of February. r ... ' W Third Monday oi may FoiirWMumlay of rtopU)iiiir. Tulr(rloii loitday of November. Charrk and Habbnth Mrbaal. Presbyterian Sabbath School at 9:46 a. in. t M. E. Sabbath School at 10:00 a. m. P reaching In M. E. Church every Sab- i.rtth evening by Bev. W. O. Calhoun. Preaching In the F. M. Church every ubbath evening at the usual hour. Kev. A. Z.ahniser, Pastor. ' snr flees in the PreMbyterlan Church ry Sabbath tuortiiiiK aud evening The regular meetings of the W. C. T. U. are held at the lieadquarters on the second and .fourth Tuesdays of each fir nth. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. i pi N EST A LODGE, No.3H9,I.O.O. F. 1 Ments every Tuesday evening In Odd Fellows' Hall, Partridge building. I) REST LODGE, No, 184, A. O. U. W., I Meets every Friday evening lnA.O.U. W. Hall, Tlonesta. CAPT. GEORGE STOW POST.No.274 G. A, It. Meets 1st and 3d Monday veniint In each month, In A. O. U. W. Hall, Tlonesta. CAPT. GEORGE STOW CO It PS, No. I. (7, W. R. C, meets first and third Wednesday evening of each month, In A. O. U. W. hall, Tionesta, Pa. MMONESTATENT, No. HU. K. O. T. 1 M., meels 2nd and 4lh Wednesday evxniiig In each month iu A. O. U. w. hall Tlonesta, Pa. F. HITCH KY, 1 . ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. Tionesla, Pa. CURTIS M. S1IAWKEY, ATTORN KY-AT-LA W. Warrea, Pa. Practice in Forest Co. AC .BKOWN, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. (illlceln Amer Building, Cor. Elm and Bridge St., Tionesta, Pa. I W. MORROW. M. 0., Physician, Surgeon A Dentist. OiHi-h and Residence three doors north of Hotel Agnew, Tionesla. Professional calls promptly responded to at all hours. I) It. K..r. BO YARD, Phvsician A Surgeon, TION KSTA, PA. -v t t n I ill vv U PHYSICIAN AND SU ltd EON. j and DRUUGI-T. Ollice over stere, Tionesla, Pa. Professional calls prompt ly responded to at all hours of day or nighl. Residence Klin St., between H rove's grocery and Uerow's restaurant. D R J. It. SIddlNS. Physician aud Surgeon, 3 OIL CITY, PA. H. E. MoKINLEY. llsrdwaro, Tinning A Plumbing. Tionesta, Pa o J.SICTI.KY. O. J US i ICE OF THE PEACE. Keeps a complete line of Justice's blanks lor sale. Also Blank-deeds, mortgages, etc. Tionesta, Pa. 1 JOTEL WEAVER, 1 L Wx VVKAVKR. Pronrietor. mm. i i...tai iVirninrlv tlis Lawrence House, has undergone a complete change, and is now famished with all the mod ern Improvements. Heated and lighted throughout with natural gas, bathrooms, hot and cold water, etc. The comforts of guests never neglected. CENTRAL HOUSE, W U EROW A G EROW Proprietor. Tlouseta, Pa. This is the inostcentrally lociied hotel in the place, and has all the modern Improvements. No pains will be spared to make it a pleasant stopping place for the traveling public. First class Livery iu connection. pill!.. EMEKT ' FANCY BOOT A SHOEMAKER. Shop In Walters building, Cor. Him anil Walnut streets, Is prepared to do all Kinds of custom work Irom the finest to tha coarsest and guarantees his work to tffve perfect satisfaction. Prompt atten tion given to mending, and prices rea sonable. ORENZO FULTON, Manufacturer ofand Dealer in HARNESS, COLLARS, BRIDLES, And all kinds or HORSE FURNISHING GOODS. TIONESTA. PA. i liUIILO nnLnt HLL LLOb TMILO tJ Btst Courh Synip. Tastes Good. J3 Use in lime. S-ld by druBglsts. rnnro ii'Iipdc m I rierrjoio It' E President Roosevelt's message bus been delivered to congress. Its niulu features nre ns follows: The enlui'eiiipiit of scope of the functions of Hie nntioiinl government i.'eqiilicd by our dcvclopiiieiit as a na tion Involves, of course, Incrense of ex pense, ii nd the period of prosperity through which the country is passing justifies expenditures for permanent Improvements fur greater than would be wise l.i hard times, but abundant revenues and a large surplus always invite extravagance, and constant cure should be taken to guard against un necessary Increase of the ordinary ex penses of government. CapKnl nnd Labor. The relations of capital and labor, and especially of organized capital and organized labor, to each other and to the public at large come second In Im portance only to the Intimate questions of family life. Our peculiar form of government, with its sharp division of authority between the nation and the several states, has been on tlio whole fur more advantageous to our develop ment than n more strongly centralized government. Hut It is undoubtedly re sponsible for much of the difficulty of meeting with adequate legislation the new problems presented by the total change in Industrial conditions on this continent during the lust half century. In actual practice it has proved ex ceedingly dlUlctilt, and In many cases Impossible, to get unanimity of wise action among the various states on these subjects. From the very nature of the case this Is especially true of the laws affecting the employment of capital In huge masses. With regard to labor, the problem is no less Important, but It Is simpler. As long as the states retain' the primary control of the police power the circum stances must bo altogether extreme which require Interference by the fed era! authorities, whether in the way of safeguarding the rights of labor or in the way of seeing that wrong is not done by unruly persons who shield themselves behind the name of labor. If there Is resistance to the federal courts. Interference with the mails or interstate commerce or molestation of federul property, or if the stute authori ties in some crisis which they are uu nble to face call for help, then the fed eral government may Interfere; but, though such interference may be caus ed by a condition of things arising out of trouble connected with some ques tion of labor, the Interference itself simply tultes the form of restoring or der without regard to the questions which have caused the breach of or der. In the District of Columbia and in tlie territories tho federal law cov ers the entire field of government. But tho labor question 1b only acute in populous "centers of commerce, manu factures or mining. Nevertheless both in the enactment and iu the enforce ment of luw the federal government within Its restricted sphere should set oh example to the state governments, especially In a matter so vital as this affecting labor. Labor I'nloos. 1 believe that under modern Indus trial conditions It is often necessary nnd even where not necessary it is yet of ten wise that there should be organiza tion of labor iu order better to secure the rights, of the individual wagework er. All encouragement should be given to any such organization so long as it is conducted with a due aud decent re gard for the rights of others. There are in this country some labor unions which have hobltually aud other labor unions which have often been among the most effective agents In working for good citizenship and for uplifting the condition of those whoso welfare should he closest to our hearts. But when any labor union seeks improper ends or seeks to achieve proper ends by improper means all good citizens, nud more especially all honorable pub lic servants, must oppose the wrongdo ing as resolutely as they would oppose the wrougdolug of ony great corpora tion. Vloleuco, brutality or corruption should not for one momeut be tolerat ed. Entire Right to OrgranUe. Wageworkers have an entire right to organize and by all peaceful and honorable means to endeavor to per suade their fellows to Join with them in organizations. They have a legal right, which, according to circum stances, may or may not be. a moral right, to refuse to work in company with nieu who decline to Join their or ganizations. They have under no qlr fcumstauces the right to commit vio lence upou those, whether capitalists or wageworkers, who refuse to support their organlzotlons or who side with those with whom they are at odds, for mob rule is intolerable in any form. The wageworkers are peculiarly enti tled to the protection and the encour agement of the law. Wherever the na tional government has power thero should be a stringent employer's liabil ity law, which should apply to the gov ernment Itself where the government is nn employer of labor. I PreTcntlon of Railroad Accident. The ever Increasing casualty list up on our railroads Is a matter of grave public concern and urgently calls for action by the congress. The passage of a law requiring the adoption of a block signal system has been proposed to the congress. I earnestly concur iu that recommendation and would also point ,out to the congress tho urgent need of legislation In the Interest of the publlr PRESIDENTSMESSAG safety limiting the hours of Tabor for railroad employees in train service up ou rulli'oads engaged In interstate com merce and providing that only trained and experienced persons be employed In positions of responsibility connected with the operation of trains. The safety appliance law, as amend ed by the net of March 2, 1903, has proved bciiellclal to railway employees, nnd In order that Its provisions may be properly carried out the force of In spectors provided for by appropriation should be largely Increased. This serv ice has passed the experimental stage and should receive generous recogni tion by the congress. t'nlonlsm In Government OMcea, There Is no objection to employees of the government forming or belonging to unions, but the government can nei ther discriminate for nor discriminate ugulnst nonunion men who are in its employment or who seek to be em ployed tinder It, Moreover, It is a very grave impropriety for government em ployees to band themselves together for the purpose of extorting Improperly high salaries from the government. Especially Is this tme of those within the classified service. The letter car riers, both municipal and rural, ure ns a whole un excellent body of public servants. They should be amply paid. But their payment must Ls obtained by arguing their claims fairly and hou orably before the congress nud not by banding together for the defeat of those congressmen who refuse to give promises which they cannot In con science give. The administration hns taken steps to prevent and punish abuses of this nature, but It will be wise for the congress to supplement this action by legislation. Ilarean of I.nbor. Much can be done by the government In labor matters merely by giving pub licity to certain conditions. The bureau of labor hns done excellent work of this kind In many different directions. I shall shortly lay before you In a spe cial message the full report of the in vestigation of the bureau of labor Into the Colorado mining strike, as this Is a strike In which certain very evil forces, which arc more or less nt work every where under the conditions of modern Industrialism, became stnrtllngly prom inent. It is greatly to be wished that the department of commerce and ln bor, through the labor bureau, should compile nnd arrange for the congress a list of the labor laws of the various states nud should be given the means to investigate and report to tho con gress upon the labor conditions In tho manufacturing nnd mining regions throughout the country, both as to wages, ns to hours of labor, as to the labor of women ond children and as to the effect In the various labor centers of immigration from abroad. In this Investigation especial attention should be paid to tho conditions of child labor and child labor legislation in the several states. Corporations. When wo come to deal with great corporations the need for the govern ment to net directly Is far greater than in the case of labor, because great cor porations can become such only by en gaging In interstate commerce, nnd in terstate commerce Is peculiarly the field of the general government. It Is nn absurdity to expect to eliminate the abuses In great corporations by stnte action. It Is difficult to be patient with nn argument that such matters should be left to the states, because more than one state pursues the policy of creat ing on easy terms corporations which are never operated within that state at nil, but in other states whoso laws they Ignore. The national government alone can deal adequately with those great corporations. To try to deal with them In nn Intemperate, destruc tive ox demagogic spirit would In nil probability meau that nothing what ever would be accomplished, and with absolute certainty that If anything were accomplished it would be of a harmful nature. The American peo ple need to continue to show the very qualities that they hare shown that Is, moderation, good sense, the earnest desire to nvoid doing any damage nnd yet the quiet determination to proceed, step by step, without halt nnd wSthortt hurry, in eliminating or nt least In minimizing whatever of mischief or of evil there Is to interstate commerce in the conduct of great corporations. They nre acting in no spirit of hostility to wealth, either individual or cor porate. They are not against the rich man any more thnn ngninst the poor man. On the contrary, they are friend ly alike toward rich man nnd toward poor man, provided only that each nets in a spirit of Justlco and decency to ward his fellows. Great corporations fire necessary, nnd only men of great and singular mental power can man age such corporations successfully, and such men must have great re wards. But these corporations should be mannged with dne regard to the Interest of the public ns n whole. Where this can be done under the pres fnt laws it must be done. Where these lnws come short others should be enacted to supplement them. Bnrenn of Corporation. The bureau of corporations has made careful preliminary investigation of many important corporations. It will mnke a special report on the beef in dustry. The policy of tho burenu Is to ac complish the purposes of Its creation by co-operation, not antagonism; by making constructive legislation, not destructive prosecution, the Immediate object of It". Inquiries; by conservative investigation of law and fact nnd by refusal to Issue Incomplete and hence necessarily Inaccurate reports. Its pol icy being thus one of open inquiry Into and not attack upon business, the bu reau has been able to gain not only the confidence, but, better still, the co-op-erntlon, of men engaged, in legitimate business. The bureau offers to the congress the means of getting nt the cost of pro duction of our various great staples of commerce. Of necessity the careful investigation of special corporations will afford the commissioner knowledge of certain business facts, the publication of which might be an Improper infringement of private rights. Tho method of making public the results of these Investiga tions affords, tinder the law, a means for the protection of private rights. The congress will have all facts except such as would give to another cor poration Information which would in jure the legitimate business of a com petitor nnd destroy the Incentive for Individual superiority and thrift The bureau has also made exhaustive examinations Into the legal condition ander which corporate business Is car ried on In the various Btates, into nil Judicial decisions on the subject nnd. Into the various systems of corporate taxation In use. I call special attention to tho report of the chief of the bureau, and I earnestly ask that the congress carefully consider the report and rec ommendations of the commissioner on this subject. The business of insurance vitally af fects the great mass of the people of the United States and is national and not local iu Its application. It Involves a multitude of transactions among the people of the different states and be tween American companies and for eign governments. I urge that the con gress carefully consider whether the power of the bureau of corporations cannot constitutionally be extended to cover Interstate transactions in insur ance. Rebate. Above nil else we must strive to keep the highways of commerce open to all on equal terms, and to do this it is nec essary to put a complete stop to nil re bates. Whether the shipper or the rail road is to blame makes no difference. The rebate must be stopped, the abuses of the private car and private terminal track and side track systems must be stopped, and the legislation of the Fifty-eighth congress which declares it to be unlawful for any person or corpora tion to offer, grant, give, solicit, accept or receive any rebate, concession or discrimination in respect of the trans portation of any property In interstate or foreign commerce whereby such property shall by any device whatever be transported at a less rate than that named In the tariffs published by the carrier must be enforced. While I am of the opinion thnt at present It would be undesirable if it were not impracti cable finally to clothe the interstate commerce commission with general au thority to fix railroad rates, I do be lieve that as a fair security to ship pers the commission should be vested with the power where a given rate hns been challenged and after full hearing found to be unreasonable to decide, sub ject to Judicial review, what shall be a reasonable rate to take its place, the ruling of the commission to take effect immediately and to obtain unless and until it is reversed by the court of re view. Steamship companies engaged in in terstate commerce and protected in our coastwise trade should be held to a strict observance of the interstate com merce net. The president here discusses the city of Washington, making "numerous recommendations looking to its better government. lie asks that laws be passed preventing overcrowding in the tenement districts, for the abolition of blind alleys and the proper housing of the poor.. lie also recommends changes in the criminal code, nnd would have wife beaters corporally punished. Irrigation. During the two and a half years that have elapsed since the passage of the reclamation act rapid progress has been made in the surveys and exami nations of the opportunities for recla mation iu the thirteen states and three territories of the arid west. Construc tion has already been begun on the lar gest aud most Important of tho irriga tion works, and plans are being com pleted for works which will utilize tho funds now available. The forest policy of the government Is Just now n subject of vivid public Interest throughout the west and to the people of the United States In general. The forest reserves themselves are of extreme value to the present as well as to the future welfare of all the western public land states. They pow erfully affect the use and disposal of the public lauds. They are of spe cial importance because they pre serve the water supply and the supply of timber for domestic purposes and so promote settlement under the reclama tion act Indeed they are essential to the welfare of every one 6f the great Interests of the west I have repeatedly called attention to the confusion which exists in govern ment forest matters because the work Is scattered among three independent organizations. As I have recommend ed, all the forest work of the govern ment should be concentrated in the de partment of agriculture, where the larger part of thut work is already done. The Canyon of the Colorado should be made a national park, and the national park system should in clude the Yoscmlte and as many as poBslblo of the groves of giant trees in California. Pensions. The veterans of the civil war have a claim upon tho nation such as no other body of our citizens possess. The pension bureau hns never in Its history been managed In a more satisfactory manner than is now the case. Conanlnr Service. Our consular system needs improve ment Salaries should be substituted for fees, nnd the proper classification, grading nnd transfer of consular of ficers should be provided. I am not prepared to say that a competitive sys tem of examinations for appointment would work well, but by law It should be provided that consuls should be familiar, according to places fur which they apply, with the French, German or Spanish language and should pos sess acquaintance with the resources of the United States. It Is desirable to enact a proper na tional quarautine law. I call your attention to the great extravagance in printing and binding government publications and especially to the fact thut altogether too many of these publications are printed. Currency. The attention of the congress should be especially given to the currency question and that the standing commit tees on the matter Iu the two houses charged with the duty take up the mat ter of our currency and see whether It Is not possible to secure an agreement In the business world for bettering the system. The committees should con sider the question of the retirement of the greenbacks and the problem of se curing In our currency such elasticity as Is consistent with safety. Every silver dollur should be made by law re deemable In gold at the option of the holder. Merchant Marine. I especially commend to your immedi ate attention the encouragement of our merchant marine by appropriate legis lation. Tho growing Importance of the orient as a field for American exports drew from my predecessor, President Mc Klnley, nn urgent request for Its spe cial consideration by the congress. The Importance of securing proper Information nnd data with a view to the enlargement of our trade with Asia is undiminished. Our consular repre sentatives iu China have strongly urged a place for permanent display of American products in some prominent trade center of that empire, under gov ernment control nnd management, ns an effective means of advancing our export trade therein. I call the atten tion of the congress to the desirability of carrying out these suggestions. Immigration nnd Naturalization. In dealing with the questions of im migration nnd naturalization It is in dispensable to keep certain facts ever before the minds of those who share In enacting the laws. First and fore most, let us remember that the ques tion of being a good American has nothing whatever to do with a man's birthplace any more than It has to do with his creed. In every generation from the time this government was founded men of foreign birth have stood in the very foremost rank of good citizenship, and that not merely In one but In every field of American activity. There Is no danger of having too many Immigrants of the right kind, but the citizenship of this country should not lo debased. It Is vital that we should keep high the standiird of well being among our wageworkers, nnd therefore we should not admit masses of men whose standards of liv ing nnd whose personal customs and habits nre such thnt they tend to lower the level of the American wngeworker, nnd above all we should not admit any man of nn unworthy type. Similarly we should take the greatest care about naturalization. Fraudulent naturaliza tion, the naturalization of improper persons, Is a curse to our government, and It Is the affair of every honest voter, wherever born, to see that no fraudulent voting Is allowed, thut no fraud In connection with naturaliza tion Is permitted. Revlnlon of Naturalization lam. There should be n comprehensive re vision of the naturalization laws. The courts having power to naturalize should be definitely named by national authority, the testimony upon which naturalization may be conferred should bo definitely proscribed, publication of Impending naturalization applications should be required In advance of their hearing In court, the form and word ing of nil certificates Issued should be uniform throughout the country, and the courts should be required to make returns to the secretary of state at stated periods of all naturalizations conferred. Not only nre the laws relating to naturalization now defective, but those relating to citizenship of tho United States ought also to be made the sub ject of Rclentlflc Inquiry with a view to probable further legislation. The pow er of the government to protect the In tegrity of the elections of Its own offi cials is inherent and has been recog nized and nfHrmed by repeated dec larations of the supreme court. There Is no enemy of free government more dangerous and none so Insidious as the corruption of the electorate. 1 rec ommend the enactment of a luw direct ed against bribery and corruption In federal elections. Delaj-z In Criminal ProNeeutlona. No snbjet Is better worthy the at tention of the congress than thnt por tion of the report of the attorney gen eral dealing with the long delays and the great obstruction to Justice experi enced in the cases of Beavers, Green nnd Gaynor find Bensou. Were those Isolated and special cases I should not call your attention to them, but the dif ficulties encountered as regards these men who have been Indicted for crimi nal practices nre not exceptional. They arc precisely similar In kind to what occurs ngain and again In the case of criminals who have sufficient means to enable them to take ndvnntngo of n system of procedure which has grown up In the federal courts and which amounts In effect to making tho law easy of enforcement against the man who has no money and dliricult of en forcement even to the point of some times securing Immunity, as regnrds the man who hns money. At present the Interests of the Innocent innn nre amply safeguarded, but tho Interests of the government-that Is, the Interests of honest administration; that Is, the interests of the people nre not recog nized as they should be. The president discusses the progress of the territories of Alaska. Hawaii nnd Porto Rico, with recommendations for changes In the present system ot government of the first named. He de sires to sec a delegate from Alaska In congress. Foreign 1'ollc) , The steady aim of this nation, as of all enlightened nations, should be to strive to bring ever nearer the day when there shall prevail throughout the world the peace of Justice, but there nre kinds of peace which are highly undesirable, which ure lu the long run as destructive us any war. The goal to set before us as a nation, the goal which should be set before all mankind, Is the attainment of the peace of justice, of the peace which comes when each nation Is not merely safeguarded lu its own rights, but scrupulously recognizes and performs Its duty toward others. Generally peuce tells for righteousness, but If there Is conflict between the two then our fealty Is due first to the cause of righteousness. Unrighteous wars are common nnd unrighteous pence is rare, but both should be shunned. The right of freedom nnd the responsibility for the exercise of thut light cannot he divorced. One of our great poets has well and finely said that freedom Is uot a gift that tarries lung Iu the hands of cowards. Neither does It tarry long In the hands of those too slothful, too dis honest or too unintelligent to exercise It. The eternal vigilance which Is the price of liberty must bo exercised sometimes to guard against outside foes, although, of course, far more of ten to guard against our own selfish or thoughtless shortcomings. It Is our duty to remember that a na tion has no more right to do Injustice to nuother nation, strong or weak, than au Individual has to do Injustice to an other Individual; that the same moral law npplles In one case as In the other. But we must also remember that It Is as much the duty of the nation to guard Its own rights and Its own Inter ests ns It is the duty of the Individual so to do. Until some method is devised by which there shnll be a degree of In ternational control over offending na tions it would be a wicked thing for the most civilized powers, for those with most sense of international obli gations and with keenest and most gen erous appreciation of the difference be tween right nnd wrong, to disarm. If the great civilized nations of the pres ent day should completely disarm, the result would mean an Immediate re crudescence of barbarism in one form or nnother. Under any circumstances a sufficient armament would have to be kept up to serve the purposes of Inter national police, and until International cohesion and the sense of International duties ond rights are far more ad vanced than at present a notion desir ous both of securing respect for itself and of doing good to others must have a force adequate for the work which It feels is allotted to It as its part of the general world duty. Therefore It fol lows that a self respecting, Just aud farseelng nation should on the one hand endeavor by every means to nld In the development of the various movements which tend to provide sub stitutes for war, which tend to render nations In their actions toward one an other aud Indeed toward their owu peoples more responsive to tho general sentiment of humane and civilized mankind, and, ou the other hand, that it fehould keep prepared, while scrupu lously avoiding wrongdoing itself, to repel any wrong and in exceptional cases to take action which iu a more advanced stage of International rela tions would coino under tho head of the exercise of the International police. Arbitration Trentlez. We nre In every way endeavoring to help on, with cordial good will, every movement which will tend to bring us into more friendly relations with the rest of mankind. In pursuance of this policy I shall shortly loy before the sen ate treaties of arbitration with till pow ers w'.ilch are willing to enter Into these treaties with us. It Is not possible at this period of the world's development to ugree to urbitrate all matters, but there nre many matters of possible difference between us nnd other na tions which can be thud arbitrated. Furthermore, nt the request of tho In terparliamentary union, an eminent body composed of practical statesmen from ull countries, I have asked the powers to Join with this government In a second Hague conference, at which it is hoped that the work already so happily begun at The Hague may be curried some steps further toward completion. This curries out the de sire expressed by the first Hague con ference itself. Poller Toward Other Nation nt Western Ileinlzpbere. It is not true that the United Slates feels any land hunger or entertains any projects as regards tho other na tions of the western hemisphere save such as nre for their welfare. All that this country desires is to see the neigh boring countries stable, orderly and f rosperous. Any country whose people conduct themselves well can count upon our hearty friendship. If n nation shows that It knows how to act with reasonable elllclency and decency In so cial nnd political matters. If it keeps order and pays Its obligations, it need fear no Interference from the United States. Chronic wrongdoing or an im potence which results In a general loos ening of the ties of civilized society mny in America, as elsewhere, ulti mately require intervention by somo civilized nation, und in the western hemisphere the adherence of the Unit ed States to the Monroe doctrine may force the United States, however re luctantly, lu flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or Impotence, to tho exer cise of an International police power. flight of American Citizen Abroad. It Is necessary forus firmly to Insist up on the rights of our own citizens abroad without regard to their creed or race; without regard to whether they were born here or born abroad. It has proved very difficult to secure from Russia the right for our Jewish fellow citizen to receive passports und travel through Russltn territory. It is a wrong against which we nre entitled to protest to refuse him his passport without regard to his conduct and char acter, merely ou racial aud religious grounds. The Navy. The strong nrm of the government In enforcing respect for its Just rights In International mutters is the navy of the United States. I most earnestly recommend that there be no halt in the work of upbuilding the American navy. We have undertaken to build the Isth mian canal. We have undertaken to secure for ourselves our Just shuro In the trade of the orient. We hnve un dertaken to protect our citizens from Improper treatment In foreign lands. We continue steadily to Insist on the application of the Monroe doctrine to tho western hemisphere. Unless our attitude In these and all similar mat ters is to he a mere boastful sham we cannot afford to abandon our naval programme. Our voice Is now potent for pence and is so potent because we are not afraid of war. Rut our prot estations upon behalf of peace would neither receive nor deserve the slight est attention If we were impotent to make them good. The Armr. Within the lust three years the Unit ed States has set an example In dis armament where dlsarmnment was proper. ISy law our army is fixed at n maximum of ino.noo nnd n minimum of 00,(XHI men. When there wns Insur rection In the Philippines we kept the nrmy nt the maximum. Peace came In the Philippines, nnd now our army has been reduced to the minimum at which It Is possible to keep It with due regard to Its elllclency. We should be nble, in the event of somo sudden emergency, to put Into tho field one first class nrmy corps, which should be, as n whole, nt least the equal of any body of troops of like number belong ing to nny other nation. Great progress hns been made In pro tecting our coasts by adequate fortifi cations with sufficient guns. We should, however, pny much more heed than at present to the development of nn extensive system of flonting mines for use In nil our more Important har bors. These mines hnve been proved to bo a most formidable safeguard against hostile fleets. The Philippine. In tho Philippine Islands there hns been during the past year n continua tion of the steady progress which has obtained ever since our troops definite ly got the upper hand of the Insur gents. The Philippine people, or, to speak more . accurately, tho many tribes and even races sundered from one another more or less sharply who ga to make up the people of tho Philip pine Islands, contain ninny elements of good, and some elements which we have a right to hope stand for prog ress. At present they are utterly In capable of existing In Independence at nil or of building up n civilization of their own. I firmly believe that wo can help them to rise higher nnd high er In the scale of civilization and of capacity for self government, ond I most earnestly hope thnt In tho end they will bo nble to stand. If not en tirely alone, yet In some such relation t) the United States as Cuba now fitunds. This end Is not yet lu sight, nnd It may be Indefinitely postponed If our people are foolish enough to turn the attention of the Filipinos nwny from the problems of achieving moral nnd material prosperity, of working for n stable, orderly nnd Just govern ment, and toward foolish and danger ous Intrigues for a completo independ ence for which they nre as yet totally unfit. On the other hand, otir people must keep steadily before their minds the fact that tho justification for our stay In the Philippines must ultimately rest chlelly upon the good we nro able to do in the Islands. I do not overlook the fact that In the development of our interests In tho Pacific ocean nnd along Its coasts the Philippines hovo played nnd will play nn Important pnrt and that our Interests have been serv ed in more than one way by tho pos session of the Islands. lint our chief reason for continuing to hold them must be thnt we ought In good faith to try to do our share of the world's work, and this particular piece of work has beeu Imposed upon us by tho re sults of the war with Spain. Wo are endeavoring to develop tho natives themselves so that they shall take an ever Increasing shnro In their own gov ernment and, ns fur ns is prudent, we nre nlrcudy admitting their representa tives to a governmental equality with our own. There are commissioners, Judges and governors in the Islands who nre Filipinos nnd who hnve exact ly the same share in tho government it the Islands ns hove their colleagues who nre Americans, while In the lower ranks, of course, the gront ninjorlty of the public servants nre Filipinos. Within two years we shall bo trying the experiment of nn elective lower house In the Philippine legislature. If tho Filipinos act with wisdom und self restraint, If they show that they are capnhle of electing n legislature which In Its turn Is capable of taking n sane and efficient part In tho actual work of government, they can rest assured that n full and increasing measure of rec ognition will be given them. Every measure taken concerning the islands should be taken primarily with a vjew to their advantage. We should certainly give them lower tariff rates on their exports to the United States. If this Is not done It will be a wrong to extend our shipping laws to them. I earnestly hope for tho Immediate enactment Into law of the legislation now pending to encourage American capital to seek Investment In the Is hinds In railroads. In factories, In plan tations iiinl in lumbering ami mining.
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