jiie Somerset. Herald. .1: 1: I I.. Ed t r. ' -cv n'.-.MJ-i'AV ..Jauuaiy 5, 11;. I a large holi- i; Ml -'a '1;,'i r.-j.jrti written it since sy :r- ; r , II - I!..nd loin al 'he Opera ,cl:v in watch charm is a .Mlllt. , laiest 1 cCIl Cb , M il ill Jr. was admitted to the ,ntv tsir lat week. I-. ,i . ,,.,. m i- x.v'dcnt all last week ; v,.r otter than at present. ,i that gly.cr.m- applied to llh .,'., mil nuke tliem frost proof. -- - , 'i.ts r. p r. i 1 -ifu-.s in the mar 1.. I d ir.'ig 1:1c pa-t tw. week. i-,. is it f.-.-toal at Confluence 011 1 r..i..v and J-.aturd.iy evenings ol - . ;ii...ui i in- ss.iish IV1111 road is ... in ii.i .1 4ili.n a year hy the lij.i company. ,.-ii arc neither defaced, arc in a fair way to hi I ir.l Mlwr dollar... irs w. . .1II..S-.I a- I 1 . ., u 1! of 1 1 , . .. i.n.i .1 .1 1 in- l..ir..Mois V 1-:. r ..: .1 1 .ai 111 O.V all I ll-r tl l sit.i- 111 . iiii ju-- to g.t:i: in i.-ni.f .ai 11 'Cl -rs 11 IV dc- -I. . lie i tra ii.- on; . .V ; II .i.i Vail S.Xt k or rainb .w ; sT atu- lleX. j ati.in. at an I -.eel. Joint ; t . . 1 . .ill 11 i. lee li-l. 11 I'i l.ll,vl , ,n iv he a -.Tti:nisiotier .atiia and to l.lr.-.-seil. v' ' , .s on,. ..I tin- Iter remedies a ...I I it nets proiu;i-ly : I :i 1- 1 ) - llli-iI.-a-.Ull rtf.'.-ts. .iv ..:te.-.-.l. etli in s!ici-s, 1 i -.. ,1 -.1 w it ii a half pin! r-ioK ii-t Is-fore going to 1 . ..t- V'.iir.elf on the fol- . vv .11 oti.-n ward olf an at- i-l ! .-r il iak.-ti p-os-r.y. For Sale ing t.n Ku.piirc at this For Sale. !I ,-i-s for sale unervt Pa. 11. I uvsters: ; .. 1 ,::i '.lart - !i -n ..-Hi "f ' OYSTERS ! or So w, at W II Hik .v. Ilis-nts Bloik. n e Up 1 Settle Up ! i -, i:i- il'ni.Ivcs indibtidon .'i i.i-.ei i.iil and settle bv c.ih . 1 I'vuKri: Pmikf.r. 1 i'nl a larfte iiuiu'ih r of gissl . .11 s.. li in .piautitii-a to suit I -ri'.i-s vii.v tsasv.iiat'lc. Ytird .l.niiiu mill. lI.ii.iif.iK.k linos. A Parson, Wanted 1 l.nv I w ill iy the highest !l I-. I for ail kneis ol hidos, s lls and 1-.. w .1:11 n cords of It k t)ak and II. ti. Cl SNIXOH M. -We have JUst addeil a t.. our Meat Market, in an ..1 k. pt iskiI and clean. s, kept cotis'aiuly on v Patties buying meal in the n-frigcratVc until Ross Dvvis Si O - - An Early Completion of the South 1 troi Expected. hrni'M run be U.iliih Kagaley. I'.-.i.-'-.. .:. e I'tcsid.'tit G.ivveii an. I otin-r e:i. 1 : i ia.". lar.ely niterisloil in the :i .a o! tl.e .uth IS'nnsylvania ; 1 'e in .-.i:il" riii'-c in tltisiity yes . !..! t...ii Mi'.j.et. They reHirted 1' .... n- j :..:!- -- l.ad iss-n made by i 1 '. 1 . ..ni;.it.v to warrant the in .:..: t a- inn- vv iitld be built, and 1 1 'r j 1. ,1 :i.;,ru.;..u of COIIU.'Ct i Ug it : I: 1I.1.K I: iilr.ia.l at Harrislnirg i. 1' - I. at -n sta'e.1 that the pro- .I' I':. - .l.-.il liarret had les'll un's i' l. il .s p'.ijseitiou was only an "i i'h- g.-tier.fl plan, and merely ' .--I a favorable trail!. - agreement if the ii' a. a ir .m;.h 1 11. in vvi h tin- Ilaltiinor.. and a'. ;-.i. a 111..1 .s,.iiiitm'. instead ol 1m .'" 11 ...t 1 1 l'.irt Perry. This is. n-pre-1 1 .e a : fiav .11 ; iivcive-l auv isiusidera . a; i: a- Y w V-irl; ui's-ting. Mr. G. even's 1. -u nas tiare lav.r.iiilv disctis-s-d. ' ' " lab in. J ! 1; 7.', r.-uts on the d-illar ; S i ' y bad 'wail in the company ' : i V 11 i u t-aa l tii'-tr friends and siH-h ' I- -li li . r.-- al t .ie -yu.iieale as 111 IV d- v :., T.a-e U111 Is w.il Ivar 4 : ;.: int. r-et. an. 1 wiil lie secured usn 1 f y .it tl.e s ,u:h Pennyvania Road. v u ..; 1, ...1: in;,, tiie li.ui.ls of a Trusti-e, ' 'bat V .alltl'it bv- boiulit tin bv the I'.:, ter,- :..'. li lilr.tad or any one in its in-a-lta-. S..utii 1 Vuusylvauia Company o an iij.uoji ol covering them. The iil ntiy litem at private sale at it to-. If-, t A- N. .!' I! York iiiiviin; there wers '!.' uo'i o m -uhseriU-rs rcpn e i a - put li... n allowingall i.i .l to witii.lraw fisim the - ..f tbeir inter.! nn.111 the s- :.t. I I. - -. I .; 11. . I - , ,. ' e i.,at,.l. 1 if the $ J.U.l,IHM i .-i 'moi voted ill the alli-tni-1 :i - these w.i the Van.lerbllt " ' -"it -1 by W. K. Yatiderliiil si I o:u:i!,.y. Tins vote is iti ' '- ai.-.in.iig that the Vaivlerbilu " "' ! '" i'tti-r- t, v till h it is esti- iliph liiv-aiev and Dr. !! istctier ' paro.-s who aiv anxiiuis liir a: vv syndie.-t'e. -I stated vi-sterdav after- n wo.i,, s,,, -, Eurojieon Satur "i! -I'-iicl that his visit, which 1 fit some ttiu-.h.i.l aiiythiugto do .: ai ii.- a !.Kli for the Suith Penn ile 1 i.r-l tint ail the funds n o is-raised in this State. Noiii-e within a short lime to sii'.iscri ttiiiiu.iieate w itli a committee as to !"VI I ll ll.-. il 'l -a art 1 'ii'.eiii! n-iitaining witli thesyu- mi nine..' consists of Mr. St-t- fa .1 ! lirni i.i Hon-. .e sniKoii n.t.rs-ot. ,. . , ' - a- V a LKtiiiIi ,, , ('.... IS l:..,-r li-1 1 llll '. p ti-eseto;t.r ihe If . i.i. 111 K.::-,u !'r H. :il;.Ji.y. i''-r stat.sl that there is every as- s';r.n ti. 11 the Ninth Peiitisvlvania will be t. ' " i" that he ,,. Mr u...w s-.,..l,l i-" -.,'..i "" at Mr. Canu-gie and hts rrii-nds will al:..yi,.heat,., which w.ll bring IOtM.. 1 ' as.ithat the Stand ird O.I 'join. He il, inks that tlice "t fon-f lo-nr.. ui,.l -tM o. ..-.1.. I. It. 1 . v ' me eo-ic. "" v V. at:.', ...1 ,.. my trout all its m'urrass-u-011, ,t. sTat.-s. is to Ih aid ' ro. .vir -a:.-.-t.as il is not ailvan-J- and ;.,. .;:,,;Hirt, he "Ibi I' -.tsiu-o . Yjugi lioglienv and it -""en IhUniad Mi D.rl E. Bmbaker is visiting friend in Pittshurgii. : The public si li. ml. o; ned again Monday, iner their wis-k's va.-ation. Mr. Zi-h Snyder, of Rock wood naamung j our rail.-rs Tti.-sdav. 1 A. J. Cllcni. E. j.. mi l A. J. Colh .rn Jr, ire spending the present nk at llarris bu 1-g. TI11? old year was shot out, and the new ' one 111. in tiie regulation manner, by the Somer-el small hiiv. I General Camlrcll tvtuniisl to Washington n Satunky. having pasx-d the holidays at his home in Johnstown. Hon. James I.. Pugh ami Hun. Noah S. Miller left for Harrisborg Friday to enter ujsju their legislative duties. Last week's Institute is generally conced ed to have hgen the m st successful one ever held in the county. Maiy of our 's-ople wire greatly disapioi'te Ie! at the failure of Or. Wiilits to put in an ap;caranee anil lorture Till-! iv night. Tiie festival held in the L'.itiieni Ch un h luring tile holiday was largely attended each ev,;i tig an I tile t il ) w.-ll p i:r. i:ii.-1 During the pat wi- k a fine ice crop has I b si li .(rvi-sto I. M .! of th - ic- li inv.-s in iown havo b.v:i lilie I wiili cl.-ir ice from t.-n t'i f.nirtivii inclM-s thick. M n r. B -ll ha- ,.,1,1 hi. ?r,frj- siore. at the corner of Market an.) Main j s.ns-ts. to Mr. R iss-.-ll fhl. Mr. Till t-ik I p is-s-ssion on Satiiriiay last. JiJmyt'nra fri- Ijll!, M in l.i ri nipii.lH.ihain raisid a purM evening anion' the friends of ii.Mny liru Kcr aim pun-nasisi tne old 1 slac driver a -i.si.l iintl 1 ouifortahlc suit of i clothes. ! .. - - Tin-rounty 1 'oin.n:ss,.i.;-Ts haie rctaimsl all their o'nl aj.piintis-s fir another year. Tiny lire: A. J. Ililunan. Clerk; John li. Scoit. K-ip. Attorn. -y : 1 r. II. S. Kiinincll. p .ysici.in to the jail ; janitor. and C. A. Kiniuiell. J. a". I. e.vrv f.- in !Iar.-.s!r.ti'r i 1 ; nun that la ant M. -.sender . K., rsi'ive.1 a tclcirani T i.-s.l.y al'terihsiti 1 1 1 1 in -had 1 s o a,'i linteil Ass. si lo the House. Mr. laiwrv will leave f-r I! irri.-htirg to-day 10 ciitar u; n the dutii-s of his appointment. Gvsirgi- Aiittieuii.iu;vi'. t lie Cain'iria county btv.vcr u ho shot and killed Sauri.-l t.rigg on ( lititnn.s iley mid attervviinl c!)ictcd his i-'-at- front the ottieers who had him in c t.i-.'-. wis re-. i:il;tr 1 it ll-lf.rl W.slue. .1 iy and 1- now in the lie I ford county jad. i The Court Monday ordered the County j Commissioners to 1 (invert the room now oc j i npied by the ouiity Treasurer into a vault ; f r the use of the S.i-ritfaul TrM-urer and j lo convert the pr.-sent A roil ration r.sim into t an oili -c for luc Trca-urer. Arbitrations villi hereafter I- held iu tiie Conn Room. j Mis-is. Frederick Schniuikcr. John C. iBirron and Isaac Ankeny, the gentlemen composing the Board of Poor Dins-tors, 111. 1 .'don-lay and organized for the year. They : 1 . I 1 1 1 1 1 . -1 William Baker, ol'SoinerscI town sli:p.Stew,irii, L. C. CollHiru. Esq.. Clerk and Attorney, and Dr. J. E. Bieseeker, Piiysician. U'v. J. O. Johnson, formerly of Berlin, vviio for a number of years has had charge of the Reform Congregation at Norristown, on a count of w.'akii.' ss of the throat h is b "n c unveiled to retire 1,-om the m uistry an ! has I. sated in Washington City. Rev. S. i R. Bridenbatigh w ill take his place at Nor ritovv 11. The .1.1th Teiu-liers' Institute in Ihe historv of Somerset Countv schisils, was a fitting cl.rs- to SiiH-riiitctidetit Welter's sueccs-ful j carecr. It was tin lies! of the many good Institute that have lus'ti held during Mr. Weller's tenure of ofh..e. Ah a mark of their appreciation, at the close of the Insti tute the m.'inliers presented the County Su H'riiitendeiit with a hand-nine gold watch and chain. Mr. Charles P irson. who is emoloyed on the S. C n lilroa l as night w .iti hman. siippjd on the its-and fi ll M m lay. bn-akiiiir his right leg a short distaniv aimve the knee. T. lis is the fourth tiui", within the last few years, that his leg has U-en broken at the s-inie plais'. He w is brought to bis home in S imci-sH Monday evening, and placed in can- of a physician. It will likely Is- mouths b'fore he will again have full use of his limb. Prof. E. O. Exectl whoiiad charge of vocal lu-istc again this vear i-xihticihsi no oitti- 1 It y in re-establishing hiinself it the afT.-c- f our teachers, who had not torgotton hi.-tuagniticent voiir and urbane manners. fliery was no etlort made to conceal the fact that lie was the piime favorite of the Insti tute, at least lie never put up his head but that it was taken a a signal of applause. Prof. Exivll can always lie sure of a w inn welcome in Somerset. About the most artistic 'rform:iniv at the recent Teai hers' Institute, was the piano pi aying of M iss F.ninia V. Miller, of Johns town, who presided nor that instrument land a very inferior one it is. loo.) on Thurs day and Friday evening-. Miss Miller has a justly enviable n-puiation throughout Western P.-nn-y i aica is a musician, and that she can hr.nir out of a piano itli there is in it, will In- testified by tin- hundred who had the pleasure of hearing her on this oc casion. - A numlier of interesting communications llll I much other b ll lleW s Id- r-ctl crowd ed out this wvk to m ike room for our full and lengthy rcjiort of the Tel 'her's Institute, atel even tiien wjarc n it alile to pa-iiii1'! it all this week, but will have to leave several c iluni'is of it over fir on 11 -xt is-u-. Tie !I:-.R vl.ti li is alw iys publishe la very satisfic tory re; irt ofthe A inn il T 'aeh-r's Institute but this voir it hr.-i't til.1 record and not only p iblis'ies t'is m l le 1 : !iy an I fin plete r -pin.b it by fir til in -f sitisfi-iory, if we ar.- to ju f'r mi the m riy comiile jn 'tit iry r.en irks mil' by . tcTli'r's and others an our first installment, ever b.'fore publislnsl by any p-itn-r in the county. The pr.iivc lings were reported Cr us by Pnif. A. C. II ilberl. Miss Ik-lle Tomer's (of Pittsburgh) first song on Ttii-sday evening won its way dins-t-ly to tiie hearts of the teaclii rs. am! each Miivctsling sebs-tioti dis(-tiisl the first im pressions making it w inner and warmer. It is only oinv iu a greal wh. lethal our mt pie have the opportunity of Inuring 3 tjrst el is vocalist and I hey tiever 1.1. 1 to appni i ate it. M-ss TitU'T possss-a a voii-e of marvelous depth and i ivv t and renders each song with such true fivling and i-x-pn-ssion as to leave a lasting impn'ssion on her hearers. M'ss T imer is only a beginner in the world of song b it has alroady nwle herself a name that admits of no doubt as to what her reputation will s.in lie, a- an artist. A short session of Court was held Monday 111 iniing at whic'i Ass iate Ju lges .Sh iver and Walker l sk t!ie o itli of oil -e and their seats Ujun the bench. The retiring Judges Snyder and Collins, wen- present and congratulated their suivis-srs as they took the scats ihey vacated. The iron cl-iJ oitii was administered to Distriit Attorney Bie seeker who enters up.ui his second term. Mr. C. A. Kiniiii -II was reapp linted court crier, and Messrs. Flick. Snyder, Davis, and John Burkct wen returned in llu-ir pisitions. Messrs. Austin Kivl and Daniel Miller were dMnpsslTMiu tiie lint, and James Wooley and Frank Sufa'.l appointed iu their places. Just why Messrs. Keel and Miller were drop.ied from the list is not known. Pcr!iais it was "offensive iartisanship " that tiny were gu lly of, i may be ihey were d splaced lor ('rui ion-a.-t vity," or. po-oih'y, "noisy eiitliilsiasiil " was the of fense liny had committed II is hardly wsible that their seal were fiftist a mply b.Xiitise the are K, -publicans. This case is Certainly one for tiie Civil Service Commis sion to investigate. Til UtTlE I'll ANNUAL 1 i Session of the Somerset County Teachers Institute Eminent Instructors and Eloquent Lecturers. TTEsDtT MOB3IXG SE-VIO. Retort Arithmetic by Levi Lichliter of fia'-iabury schools. He said : Teachers do oencr wori in proportion as they have tne ahsisliim-e ami co-operation of their pupils. Ilalio am Proportion were taken up and 1 very i-losely explained by black board work which rannot be given in a newsiuper re pirt. In mating a Cutnjioiind Pmimion iC'lar l against the pupil's trying to grasp the entire problem at one time. The problem must be bandied rouulej. by couplet. Some problems in compound Proportion, some of tin-in rather diili.-iilt were solved by the g-iitieuiaii in ord.-rto illil-trate his nii-tlnsL-. Music Pr. if. Kxcell at the oreau. Mim Ada Kncp-r at the piano. So. 11 Mary and Manha. X. 8J. s;niie Iiistriiiiu-ntal music; ' 'flie Merry fanner Isjy." lr. Fiiidley n-suimsl thesuliject of yester day. He said: The Institute should Lake art in the work a 11. 1 1 will be plcasi-d to hae them do so. 1:' any ijjestion shall be asked that 1 cannot answer, I can at least sav dim t iiiic. Lei ; me ciioose tiie teai hers of the children, and I you may fix ail the haiatu-e system, tcxt i wK.fc. course of study. After a brief review I ol yi-stenlay, lie said :' j HI. In-, rata.. 1. li. Attitude. The li-ai-iier should lie liutuMe. first lie cause we kno- so little. We can only gel a glimpse of knowledge. I bs-1, alter nearly 4o years of tins Worn, tnat 1 would like to be a lieiiiiier a", tiie j. ..lit where I am now. ! Mewton said li.-ar I la- en. I tit' l.i.. lift. ' I f..! like a laile child playing with K-bbiea on I tin- shore, while the -.Teal ocean of truth lies ; uiul.s.xneivd before me. So I li-ci. We! d.lottM II'.- llUtuhle, lleeallM-S'l C'Ulltl lniM-lkrn ; I iKs-au.se so i'lejiiCiit. A in 111 remarked to me ye.lerdav of law vers : "What a worthless i ... ... ,. , . set Ihev are. II.- did not ill -all me p ipu ar ; , . ' uotiou, hut llial lauv'ers, as a class, aiv not ,,. , . , ' . , , 1 11. 1 r. ne. I. 90 our Ie icucrs d 1 not live up to ; 1,1 r ,, 1 ., I .l.l.l.ll IK" M'lt Iftfir .1IM.ll' (til llllllS. luey should In- willing to r.ir. .Many leaciiers i-pe.id a great deal of tiiua in c.ui ce.iltng tueir ignorance; teachers will not lose 111 the long run in their schools or in the community hy saying. "1 don t know.' Teachers should In- (,-roM-jn.t. It is the busi ness ..f every one that cotu.-s into the vvorid to gr.mi. No nutter what the iiialilieiio::s. I rovvih roust taicc place ; decay liegins when growth ends ; feaeoers shotiid lie in l-rtr with ' thf'ru nk. I do not b'.a tne teachers that be gin teaching as a st'-ppiug-stonc, but I do blanii' s-rsons that have Iwcn teaeuing for any long time w ithout heart in their work d aitig m re uiLS-haiitc til work ; if you have no heart ill your work, get out of. I'nder M t fir. rar tliarartrr. Have teachers stu.liid its imp iruuee '.' 1. ItUiriii. is ihe uuderlying principle. Ktyiuologicaily it means U hAnet. A man of integrity 'is an entire man all there. Any vii-e indulged gnaws away some of the ivvcrs, and destroys tiie inU-grtty of the ; eharacler, Voting men and women have I nothing to fear but wrong doing. I. I'uritfi. " Who is he that shall ascend into the Hill of God .' He that hath dean I hands and a pure Ic-ait." Purity means tVe.iniir." in thought, mind and life. 1 sup sse a pure spirit cannot abide in an 1111- i cie.ut ho.lv a mm siukcd, lo.baeisi perluui- ; etl b.slv. I have some good friends who use . ! tobacco but I have always thought it a mark j I of weakin-ss. I 3. Slremilh, it is hardly possible to be a s isoti of tittegntj and purity w ithout being : I tr..ng. Music. X.i. !lo. "The Singer's. Invitation." ! Miss Ada Knepiitr at the piano. Import bv I J. V. livelv of ConllueiKv "True Philoso- i phy of Mental Development. He said: It is an ol.l snying that Doctor dtsagitv. gatb ens togi'thertis we now are then' must lie a community of idea. To fully understand the cilucatioitiil work of to-day wemust first know its motive. Then- tire three ways of gaiuiiiga Itvelihoiiil Iteggiiig, stealing, and working. Education I s.kitig to the last of them in.-iy be lulhsl pra.-tical is somctitn.-.s called bread and butler education. Cotucnius said; " Ix'arn tilings by doing them." centtir.es ag-i Pcsia!oz.i advni-ated h s'itnilar idea. Pu pils should be taught all the fundamental rules of Anthiiii-lic, to write legibly, to read atid spell correctly, to understand the power of the E;igli-li lann.ige. The demands that intelligent po.p'ie think liny can make upon the human mind is ati izing; competitive ex aminations, teachers examinations are ex amples. What 1I1. ill lie tho fruits of our teaching? Tl.e true teacher is not the mail that (rains into a pupil s mind so much knowledge of the common branches in a given time, but he who gives inspiration. Prof. Welier antiotincisl that Dr. Wilh its mull.! tioi be present, on invouut of death in his family. Mr-. Monroe would take his place. Institute adjourned to l lHi r. M. AKTKllNOOM sksmo.i. .ailed ni I In p. m. Opened by Iii't lute tints, e. Prof. Ewll. Miss Exii-Il and Miss Ada Kueph-ras instrumentalists, joineil by the entire Institute No. !!.". "The singers' In vitation." No. 7J. "Mary and Martha." No, H'. "The Merry Farmer's Boy." Prof Noss continued (he subju'l of Geog raphy, lie said : "A well-known hunmii-t said: If any one a-ks you for adviiv, ask him what kind of advice he wants and give him that kind.' S we arc usually prone to li-ten to and hed them wlio in opiniont agns witli us. All that was said ill the morning li.nl ref erems'to the then first years' work. Much has bis-11 well said rcpirdimr the ti-aehing of local ci-o-' ap'iv. but I think that it i- no easier to stu 'y a tsitinty h.yoTul what the pupil inn actually see than it is to study Brazil or any othet foreign country. Il is ei-y tor the pupil to build npa mountain from hav iu -cell :i bill. Tiietv bss never been a singie idea gabled thioitgli mere word-. Tiie Fn-neli vvonl eirre toouc know ing no French pre-et.ts no nieituim: whntev er. Yil to one knowing Fn.mii it means ink. The v hibi Miolllit get his isiucept of a tiwr fnitii a river or from some smaller stream. A mountain is only a large bill, and a range of mountain- is merely a chain of large bills. A river is only a large riv jlet. Tiiere is too much liook teaching. We have come to bovv down and worship what I is put into lb" Ijooks. have known teach ers with magn'ltivnl hi!! and mountain- all around them insit on their classes learning fult Ixtok definitions of bills and mountains. Such teaeliiaK is enough lo make thclndy of Potalozzi turn iu its gistve. I am not an icoiiociast. I desire lo Ik- counted ismsvrva tive. I don't lielieva in the liaiiisl.liT.-nt of the texl-lxsik from Ihe schools. Tiie 'teach ers, I think talk unwisely who talk of ban ishing the s lling liook, the geography, and the grammar. A text-book on geography may Is- put inty the hands of children of 10 or 11 years of age. The great object of all teaching must lie increase of mental jniwer. When the prime object is such I place a cotn ratively light estimate on Ihe facts them selves but a high one on how they havelieeii gained. I think that no two teachers can pursue exactly the same method and both succeed. There are no two things in the world exactly alike. Even notwo leaves ill the fon-st lire exactly alike. Time pieces dif fer. Ivoudoti time is faster, Chicago time is belli n I ouri, an-1 we all sot our time by the same sun.' Principles. I. Menial development is worth more than facts. 2. It is folly to exhaust text books. Very frcjuently in-t-i.i l of teaebirrs buildiuj Ujj a wall between what th? diil 1 d i-s Hot know, and. w iat he d i.ss, they are trying wnh all their pnrjr to oblii- erate IIk- wall. It is not honest Tor a teacher to ex -Hi fnm pupils answers that he cannot give himself.' it would be soni what fairer should lie give the pupils a chance to ask of him as many questions as he asked. f them ; and yet tliat would be scanvly lair, tr he ho been leac-hiiig tiie aubject year afusr year. We don't c-xhsnt the Bible, Shakesncan, tiie Iiili..iian , or the (ycl..s.slia. to u-xt-lsiki sliotiid nut be exhausted. sjtudy should 1 a pleasure and not a j-iin. The time is cumin-; when it w 111 be. 3. Tlw earth dliou'd lie studied as the home of man. 4. Wliat is interesting vlimii.l be tauirlit. A. Liuk t'ljietlwr wliat is naturally associa- atcd. 6. Tiie uplifting of the land- -nirfaoe is the fundamental idea in all geography. 7, Last of all; The study of Geography should begin and end with Physical Geogra phy." Ke-ort hy J. C. s'l-eirher, of Berlin ; " Tiie Character of the Teacher." He said : "I wili discuss the subject under two heads. Character is what we are ; ref utation what we are thought to be. Character depends not to much on what men think us as on what we actually are. Bonatune said : 'Even in War, the moral is to the physical as ten to one.' In our sch.x .Is to-day the highest aim is to develop the intellect. Intellectual culture has no relation to purity of character, t'eorjic Herbert said, "A handful of good life is worth a bushel of leaniin-.'.' We have many wise, intellectual men of the most de graded character. The similes of night are last lulling iiHin the ascendency of men of bad character. The man of unimpeachable character can never fail H-rmanently. Con sidering the imjHirtance of good character, examples should be carefully selected ; hence only teachers of the best character tftiould be selected. Franklin attributes his excellence to hav ing read "Cotton Mather's Flsays to do Good,', and .Samuel lrew attributes his suc cess to having followed the a.lvii-eleft on record by Franklin. Circumstances have I much to do with the result. Generations j yet unborn will reflect our character. Teach 1 ing one thing by precept and unolher hy ex I ample is like building with one hand and i tearing down with (he other." j Music, So. 4S' l long to be there." In i strutiicntaii.sts as before Kecesa of tive minutes. (Jin-ties. What is the meaning of the owl v.. 1111 .....JLiiii in iiiiuiiii; ; I llll. .ln . I . , 1 I have never seen an explanation. Think as 1 ' tne owl is a wide awake bird it niav have r.-f- - ; creiice to the wtdc-awakeness ot the teacher, i .... .1.. ..c I.. 1 o . v- 1 A. C. Hollici-t : Tne owl was the bird of i ; Palias. tiie God less of Wisdom, and as the j I Institute is the emlwlittl tccrem of the coun- ly, it is anprotirtatelv . lin ed. 111 the iiroL'tiim. . In reducing an ini;.r..K-r fraction to a mixed . number, do we divide the numerator by the 1 denominator'' L. Liehliter : Answer, yes. Is the study of Physiology in the schools ol any practical benefit ? G. M. Baker ; yes. l!y Dr. Finley or Prof. Nos.s : Would you ' teach children nothing that is disagreeable r Answer, No, not in the fuil sense utetitiou e.i, but relieve the unnecessary te.housncs as much as possible. D.spatch from Miss IWIle Tomer nad, to I ill'ccl that she will be present Ibis evening. ' Dr. Finley continued his instructions. He j said . ; 1 witi sn inl a short time iu Ihe considera- j lion of the subjix-t as left in the morning. I compliment the young man for his paper on character. Only a short time ago the whole community in Akron. Ohio, was shocked by thc news that one of its young men iu Chica go had defaulted to the amount ol'sl l.ooo ; he bad bivna model young man ; I believe a pure young man ; he married a gay young woman, fond of society : a lady of Akron r.-marked that he had mil the strength to say .Yo .' Character is like a chain ; 110 stningi-r than its weakest part. 2. Guol sclttttai fhiji need not lie extensive, but miisl heconvct. X JHiripliuril Kiucrt. The leather, of all men, tuusi know bow to use bis lowers. 4. Still in trf himi. If then' he a teacher to whom I feci like takine oil' lnv bat and i making my prol'oundcsl how, it is the skill lul primnrg leacher. 5. ilttirt purer. The swcr to love the unlovely ; it is not hard to l.nethe lovely. 6. Enrnntiifja. The teacher should feel that he is engaged in camel work ; enthu siasm is a lietter term. Etymologicaily means rngiHUUtl. A iKTson of enthusiasm was a God-tilled srsoli. 7. Self Uvidrol. 8. Jftcherg thttultt have yutid eyes and gwMl curt. Not a watchman, but able to sec all that goes oil ill the school room. y. Self reliance. 10. Vumiium nciuie. I now take up the subject of Recitation. 1. l'rcMratiun. Tiiere are two parties that must lie prepared ; the teacher, and the pu pil. Pupils must be taught how to prepare a lesson. The tiuchi-r must make careful preparation, no mailer how long he may have been teaching the subject. There w ill Ih-lutlc trouble in holding the attention of your class, if you make careful pn paiaiion. 2. falling and dismiysiiiy clane. There may lie cin uitistaiuvs in which it is well to call the names singly for a short time, say a week. Bells lor calling classes are a miisaucj lo me. lcall by coaming l.ie, is the sig nal; two, rise; three, march ; four. U'seatisj. .1. ifilioa. (.'lass must not lie t.si far I sway from the teacher. t A J'lan of Pwititai I've heard of is. tliat j teacher a.i l ela-s take pis, ti. .11 Uhiud the I school; and I rwcomineud it highly. Tin I teachers sisiiiou tlcj-u.ls 011 cin-niustanccs. ! Sit when be s tired, when all is going well. when he rim sit without detriment. iilicl' if recitation. We arc not apt lo do well that in vv hich we have 110 specific pur p(e. The leading objii-t is ejcaniiimtian , 1 mean testing the thoroughness of the pupil's preparation. Examine as to the memoriz ing of what is to Ik- committed to memory. Examine us lo pr.iK-r understanding of les son ; .I..11 t lake tne pupil s word for 1 he fact of his understanding the lesson. Jiislriutiwx. Clearing up pupils' difficul ties. The skill of the teacher comes in here. Skillful questioning is oi'teu the h.-! instruc tion ; it is the Socraiic metlinj. SitpfAementina pujtut Lifwlrd je. This tUfsT lie done in primary, or common schi! work. Ihil, practiiv. or near akin to f raining np etition. doing again and again, applies par ticularly in Grammar and Arithiiici.t. ( 'luUiv'Uian ttf llie pmver q uyri)'oii Train ing in lauguiige. Ahtiir.. Performers as liefore. No. S2, " The Merry Fanner Boy," by request. No. Ii.", " Tiie Singer's Invitation." I 'nigrum for Wciim-sdny morning read. Adjourned to X o'clock A- M. KVKXIVi stfssiox. Calli-U al 7 P. J., opened by music. Prof. Ex ei! and Institute. No. 4s. Exclls collec- ti "I Long to lie Then-." Miss Belle Tomer was introduced by Pnf. Welier. and sang a solo. Miss EMa Mitssi'lliiian of Som erset, at the piano. fc'.rrrr, lo which the soloist responded. Song by the Institute led by lnd. Exivll, Xo.TJ, " Mary and Martha." solo hy Miss Tomer; pianist as Iwfore. Af ter which Pnif. Welier iiitniduccd Mrs. H. E. Monroe, 011 "Piclunswpie ieople in Wash ington." Iaidi.-s anil Gentlemen, though I isime among you for the first time I canni.t feci that 1 come among you as a stronger. My iinivstors njsise in your cemetery ; My graiidfatber published your lir-t newsjier; My father till nveiitly was the minister at La vansville. And when i meet teai hers I can never feel but at home. I have conducted In stitutes for many years, and have licen principal of school- for fifteen years in Wash ington. Hcucc I feel like saying to you "If thy heart is as my heart give uie thy hand ?" Some one has said that Washington is more iH-auliful than Rome. Among the gnat men on the Republican side we may plaiv K lin 11 mis the great thinker, Sherman the financier, Horr, and I would have said Lo gin the greatest of the Volunteer ollicers of the Civil War. On the Democratic side Butler, Van Voor his, Websteriaii but often stupidly drank. On the Democratic side there is nothing now worthy Republican steel. The truth is Ihe Presiil ill look the best blood of the arty for his Cabinet, and the remainder were mostly in the lleliel Army when they should have hen al Oil lege. Mr. Carlisle is the lcailer uf the House. He has one bad habit. If n. it at home in 1.) minutes after the flag goes down his wife and bis son take csrriage and seek him. When ous spoke of this to hlro ; Don't sac a word." aid he, were it not for the watf-buil care of my family I should long ago have filled a drunkard's grave?" So that he is a brave man for his acktuiwleilgment.' Frank Hicknck in by lu.my considered second on the Rupnltlican side of the House. lS-ameof Indiana is not combative enough. Tiki much cannot be said on ihs impo tain of keeping a member of Congress in place a long series of years. In the 40tli Congress Garfield was serving his second and Blaine hi thin! term. There are 30 men in 0ngress as prominent as either was tht u. It is not etiquette to take any active part for two years. A man broke the rule credit ably to himself, and the result was constitu ents and friends came around hiin. and en treated him to desist. A woman must dress well and be able to pay her tribute to the social entertainment. Wealth w ithout social culture is not worth as much as culture without wealth. G rover Cleveland is President of the tni Tcd of States America. No one else is ; H. l.s.ks like his picture, socially he doe no' exert himself. When some one remarked. " Had Arthur been nominated instead of Blaine, he would have been elected." Morrison remarked : I'm blanked sorry then that he was not nominated. Mr. Cleveland is not quirk. Mrs. Cleveland is a bright charming young woman, she will enjoy her life there and make others enjoy il. Miss Cleveland is a colt! woman who wa. placed in an emliariassing position at the he.id of a household whose master had no sympathy with her in any rcsix-ct whatever. This Administration is especially fortunate in having society ladies at the head of its retvptions. The people at the Whitneys are the chief attraction. On one side Lieut, f lively, the Arctic Kx plorer. Burdette, Bancroft, the Historian. Pretty Jessie Fremont, talking to Sheridan whose- hair may turn while as arctic snows, hut vv'h.ise name will never fade from the memory of our jteoplc so long as boys recite "Sheridan s Ride." in history. Mrs. Whilmy will rank as the leading ladv of this admiiiistnition, whose name is a liencdictioii to her friends. A lady told me that Logan's mother was a full-bliHiiled Indian, her father a chief. w hose father gave her a large tract of land. and a half bushel of silver dollars piled so 1 f'.ili that not another dollar would lie 011 it. : tage ; gives room lor dishonesty, Al the outbreak of the war when Stephen j Z. Mif rlUnnna. Perhaps more used than A. Douglas waited to s'.-c what his rniistitti- j any other ; a very excellent method ; awak ents would il 1. Logan did not so wait. Lo- j ens interest, and keeps all at work, gan spoke to aeniwd when it was known ' 3. Slumltninm. m omctrt. has a place, but that many men had threatened l shoot him j there are both advanlaevs ami r.s.ulvanta.-'cs. on the spot should he avow his attachment to the Union. He did so mid enlisted a full i regiment liefnrc lie left the spot. ! Mrs. Iigan's hair turned white as snow i iluring the long years of the war. She never lost him a friend. She needs the prayers of the praying people of the land. (The lectur- cr here recited a J. lu which the n-smcr cannot give.) The second division of Ihe subject is "The Literary Jieople of Washington." I heard the debate on the International Copyright. J. Riism I laiwell is the chief literary man in America to-day. He wears Jaiiniside whis- kers ; la-tiNik the copyright Siile of fhe qm-s-tion. Samuel Clemens. "Mark Twain" took Ihe same side, bis language beside liwell's was like the work of a count rv blacksmith by that of a finished machinist. His mere ! presence gives plcasun. When he w rites bis ' Western sketches lie goes intoan tiucarH'Ud room where be ix-gutt life though he lives in luxury and eleg.-.nce. Fn-d Douglas is one of the finest talkers in the world. Mrs. Itonglas is a pleasant wo man. They make noadvunces. Had Doug las is uiie to Washington to rcpn'sciit some South American Republic the country would re-ound with his praise. Joaquin Miller, though he has written some charming things, yet bis face shows the trail of tbeserient. Not a man to whom you would introduce your daughters, but a witty and brilliant conversationalist. Will Carleion looks younger titan he is. Has written to further every good cause iu his day and generation. Bclva IxH-kwiM.il lias a good patent prac tiiv ; rides a tricycle, and goes little into so ciety. Frances Hodgson Bunlette is a charming lady constantly fi-bing for compliments but of courage and presence of mind ; having saved a young man's life. Mrs. E. D. E. X. South worth gets Slb.OhO a year from the .V. 1'. Loijer and is not prr tniited lo w rite for anything else. Sue has written sixty-seven Holds, nion than she has years in her life, licing b-l or 'io. She isa nieinln-r of the Christian chun-h and a spir itualist. George Bancroft is an old man, somewhat feeble. Says be has achieved his work by lot being in baste. The daughter of lion. Jeremiah S. Black p issesses one of the finest houses in Wash ington. Extract read from the 1-cturcrs colitril.lt t mi to January Lippinnitt which see there in, under her signature. Nations are held in ntvenuiceon account of literatim only. If Ibis country fails the boie of womankind dies. lct otiier nations p'atil colonics we have territory enough. If we kivp the school, the home, and the chun-h pure, the pool of jmlith-s may run turbid for a w hile. We have lived through tiie greatest time known to man. Pnif. Welleraiinounivd that there are now 2.M teachers enrolled. Miss Tomer again sanga solo, with Miss Miisse'.lman us the pi ano. Kiirare -n-sjn itiiltsl to. WKtlNC.SIiw MokMXU SRSSIO oencd 111 1 o'clock with music by Prof. Ex cell and the Institute ; No. (HI ' All Hail the Power of Jesus' Name." Devotional exer cises, by Rev. King, of Somerset, n-ading jiart of the first 1 hapt.-r of John's Gos's-t, and prayer. Prof Welier annoittKvd that hp. would lake subscriptions for the Janttlttnia S-ht-l JmlftiaJ. S. crc!arv read a circular forwarded, with petitions, to legislature urging the iassage of an act making the minimum school term six months i 1 isi cud of five months, as at present. Remarks by Prof. Welier on the import ance of this mailer to the teacher, and the imrtains' of petitioning the Legislatun, and the iiiiporlan.-c of self assertion on the part of the teacher; tln-n are L'ou nialet.tieh- j ers in the county, and they must have inftu emv. Music No. 51. " Teaching Public Si hool" ; No. S'J, " Help it On." K iHirt. " E iglish Orthography," by Jo seph J. S'.utznian, the first County Suirin tendent of Somerset County. lie said : The man who attempts to teach teachers, should lie the licst teacher among thciu. Every hillside bears evidence of w hat I did, and of what I failed to do. This is one of the German counties, and we made it 1111 English-speaking comity, though we did not eliminate all of il. 1 lost eighteen years of my lile serving an ungrateful Republic, oth erwise I would have lost more. (The speak er used (he hlackboanl to illustrate his points but the illustrations cannot be given in a newsfKiper res.rt.) Certain sounds must be carefully distinguished from one another, otherwise there will be wmng pnuium-ia-tions and pnivincialisins. This work may be taught as a pastime ; whatever is taught as a pastime, will necessarily be well taught. We cannot always discriminate between let ters used in words hy our pronunciation of the Wonls themselves ; for instance between science and (toto'icr, by the sound of 4 or 1 in the rcsjiectivp wonls. Do not pronounce a won! wmng in order to help the scholar to s'K-ll it right. If you place your class al a distanie and pronounce carefully, you will better your pronunciation. Our orthogra phy is the most abominable in existence ; our nle.it letters were once sounded, and mtr pro nunciation would not have been recognizjd ivnttir.es ago." The Committee ou Resolu tions should snss a resolution emlorsiiig Physiology. Queries Ilow ilu you pronounce the pn.p eriaineSi J. J. St unman. What U m.-aiit hy conservation of energy ? Prof. Nova, who referred to Or. Finley. What are suitable sports forcmidren? Dr. Finley : Anything iiino. ent and funny. How would you induce s rents to buy Piiysioloaies for children? Prof. Mrcse: A vrry ditticiilt .pu-stion ; srarcely know. A. C. Holhert thinks if all pirents would refuse, it would t the duty of directors to buy them. Ir. No thinks no teacher of knack will lermii himself to get into a snarl with his patrons : if only one or two book lacking, would rather furnish them himself than have any tmub'.e. Prof. Excel!, reouestei to sing Keep in ile Middle oh de Koad," said he would do so, but his voice was in bad condition ; which lie did, with applause. Music hy Pnif. Excel! and Institute : "The Singer's Invitation." Dr. Finley continued his instructions. He said : " I feel a little embarrassed, tieeause 1 fear you are in a critical mood after the lec ture on pronunciation : that is a matter of habit ; when not on our guard old forms cotueout; so it is in everything else; little things are overlooked, but little things make eharacler. Recapitulation of yesterday af iioon's work : 3. Mkthohs or Recitvtios. 1. Oral, which is the usual one. Ques tions asked and answers given orally. 2. Written. Sometimes theentire time may tie devoted to written work. Is sometimes 1 he best means of testing pupils' knowledge. Pupils sometimes can tell orally more than they know, but fail on paier. The teacher, too, someti una lacks time to consider an oral answer, when a written would be thor oughly considered. i. T"jiirul. No specific iucstions asked, the pupil simply called 011 to ti ll what be knows about a subject. 4. Catkchctic.il Mctiiod. 1. .-I.'iiii.; qncrtiiHis. Teacher must lie prepared to ask the ipu-stious. what to ask, and how to frame the question. Questioning ia, first, by the teacher: sec ond, by the pupils. By this last, means having the pupils ask the questions instead of the teacher ; can scurtely tell when this method may In-gin. Has seen, it successfully practiced ; has nev- j er Used the method him-.!f. but the fact is that pupils know pupils' dillieulties often better than the teacher. j 'Z. Atiwerinrj jnrtttnit. Consecutive, which consists in beginning at the head of the class i and going around in regular rotation. One advantage is. none are omitted : a disadvau- ( t,.n,ls to fix matters in the memory, such as tables, filiation by a teacher : " Can any one method be adhered to ." Answer: " No. The very best things, perverted. In-come the worst ; it took an angel to make a devil. You can't lise anyone s method, unless you study it and make it your own ; thesean h ing questioning of individuals can never lie omittisl. Cultivate the pupils self-activity, i 11 other words, never lie guilty of reciting for your pupil-. , good maxim : " Never tell a pu pil anything he can by nusonable exertion hud out for himself Another : " Never do I' J your pupil what be can do for himself." Patient waiting on the ellorls of the pupil is the true standard of good teaching. The liniehir should strive lo make himself luclcn ; that is to say, so nearly sothat the pupil will do his own work Serrn-e uuriitided attention. This is the one test of the boon teacher. The mini that can't bold the attention of his class is not a teach er. The test of attention is mental activity. It diM-s not simply mean bsiking at you. AVyi np enttttiiiaxiH. Enthusiasm is the welding beat that joins Ihe new lo the old knowledge ill Ihe child's iniiiil, Vnltieatc i;yiiofo. Many children have lost interest through lack of sympathy. Be Etcmcu!ary.; Not puerile, not boyish. Old vople will be inten-sted in talks to chil dren. Be Patient anil Cheerful : Guard against petulance, and irritability. Don't carry er sonal grievances into the schno!-rHin. If you an- in pain don't let yoiirpiipils know il. Review Frequently ; Many tetu hers fail by not doing so. The Initio motto translated is : "Reis'tilioti is the mother of studies." Have a Plan for lb-citation : Don't allow your own plan to binder you, or to lose your inten-st in the recitation ; but don't be a slave to your plan. Ark the qne1im hrf-ne natniua the pnpil that istoannver; ahr.iim. Music, No. S2 "The Merry Fanner's Boy" by Prof. Exivll and the Institute. During the singing Pnif. Ex-cll announc ed the prim iple. Men learn ttmn- by imita tion than they do hy n-presentatioti. Rcirt liy J. D. M.-i-e of the Mcyersdale Private School. He said: "I propose to make this more a drill than a Itvlun' on metlnsis. Teachers make the mistake of thinking that everything must lie taugui every day. There is no siicb law. Wedon't do it. We take only four brum lies every ility. The teacher mu-t Ik careful not to take too much time, but when we have a brunch that nspiins much time take as much as you want. Writing is m-ghs-tisl, H-rh:tps. In teach ing w r'.tiug pupils require individual titieu (ion. Mistakes must In- jKiinti-d out, Cliil-dn-ti don't always follow copy. Use only good jaKT and good inpies. J use the Pay son .V. Duntoii. Don't u-p p:qn r that will blur when written on. U second ink. Good ens and penholder the big tin pouhnld ers an- too bulky. Buy hmis iu quantity. If no other way, hold 11 collection. Position: Avoid getting the face down to the fable. A very hard fault to 1 lire. I'eii-holding : Let the hand ilrop to the sid loos-!y, then raise it up and you have the isinvct pisition. Pmf. Noss t.Kik up the subject of History. He said: Tiie time is too short lo devote to the sulv jeet. I have but a single period and should have a half do2in. Read a passage fn.tn New Testament and then asked question on the passage, to show the lack of attention. ! We learn sotneThin:r in spite of bad ttiethoils. I 1 No subject is so Kelly taught as History. ; ( tin- w ill have to 1 x.-rt himself more to teach history creditably than 10 teach any other branch. No man ever learned to sjieak or write corifs-tly from his knowledge of Gram mar. The knowledge of technical Grammar is a liindramv to learning any language, as. for instance, r reiicli or German. I have had j lier-onal expeneni e of tins in the German languatge. A child .I.su t learn to speak thn.ugh Grammar, hut thmugb imitation. A child fnitii a cultured home will speak a cultured language : attd the rcvci-se is also true. The teacher cannot affonl to hav e a single wanderiiiir eye in his class. The work ought to stop at once if then: Ire a single one. At tention is more than getting the eyt we must have the mind. 1 would n-sort to any method not sinful to get the attention of a class. A man got the attention of an idiot by lying down beside him, and- reading a newspaper, j-rhen suddenly stopping lie caught a look from the boy. Then, and not till then, the work of training could begin. We mut have a begin ning place. 0,tiestion by Dr. Findlcy, "How far can at tention be comjielled ? " Ans. We may surprise attention, but we cannot hold it. Attention will he given so far as inten-st is excited, and 110 farther. I was inten-sted last night and got every wonl of the lecture. The Biographical part of history is Ihe most interesting. Attention cannot he com pelled, it must bo drawn out. i must be dogmatic. I can't pve reasons, for lack of time. The Teacher fuil to teach history of ten from a disposition to wade thnuigh books. I have made the same mistake. I have had the usual course in - Botany. I know uothing about it, atid, yet I spent lime enough to know it all. As a child I might havegol a, val store of knowledge I got only the dry bone There is no history only biography. A few lives will rover I lie histnpy of;he entire United . State of America. They are Washington, Jcffensnn. Henry Clay, and Grant according to the lectunT. Report of execetivs committe. j AfTtRSOOJ SCWOX I Ot ned by music from IMf. Etc!! and the ! Institute No. !!, " Help It Uti"; No. 7J, "Mary and Martha" ; No. 97, "Sing with t hrt-rful Voices.' Instrumentalists, Miss Exivll and Miss Ada Kneper. do by Trof. Excvll "You'd Better Quit Your Mean ties." This title w is one of the favorite tx prwwims of the Be v. Sum P. Jones Prof, r.n-ell said : Tve written this In the ne,rro dialect, so you'll understand it." The solo was greeted with lnudj apnlauss. Prof. Ex cell stated that this was the first time he had ever sung the solo to an audience, so the Som erset I-.i-tilute had the second best chance Mrs. Hunt notifies the President. Welier, that she could not be present, but sent a let- ter to M ra. F. J. Kcxr-er expressing her or- nw that she could not be present and rec- ommeiiding the passage of the resolution in favor of the " Blair Educational Bill."' F. J. Kooser was called on to explain the " Blair Bill." He said: " I have never read the ' Blair Bill," but I know that it proviiles for the appropriation of money from the V. S. Treasury to be dis tributed in ratio of illiteracy. The bill is wholly non-political and noii-iartisaii. Just how it comes to be adv. sated by the temper, i the torrid xone is the highest form of all an ance people, I don't know ; it has ms-.-d the j iinal life except man. In England men on Senate, and is now )-uding in the House; ; curtain accounts were forbidden by la to it was endorsed by Republicans and Vmo- j associate w ith each other, and lor yiar the erats alike; Edmunds, the finest Cotistitu- Anglos and tiie Saxons werev titirely distinct, tional lawyer in the I 111t.1l States, advocated i A u.;l, her should 1 social and gi niul. A it no Pemisylvanian should ohjis t. beiiitise Weare all T vairr men, and this will have a tendency lo sustain our present prouvttve tariff, wnicli is the nearest it can be said to approach a political character ; 1 hope it will pass this Institute, as it ought to do. ' Prof. StuUman said: " Tnis is a measure of justice; the North gets millions through the Pension Ollicc. tin; Suith gets nothing ; we fried the slaves, lit us educate them." A motion was made by Prof. Wilier that the resolution be adopted, and curried unan imously. lb-port bv Prof. Bcrkev : " Reform in '!- iirofi'on." He said: "The present always! has a glass of its own, sons to gaze into tl.e past; we sotnetimes fail to give due crislit to ihe pioiiM-rs in tdtication. who frenuenflv were the beginners in the practice of methods that we now call new. The schools of ecu- tttrii-s ago were not to lie compared with those of the present. Tiie new edmatim is all cmlmdiid in Pi-tolozi. He was the Martin Luihcrof education . from his school among the Alls has come forth all that vv K call new. As the sculptor niii-t understand the marble, the musician his instrument, so the leacher must understand the mind be ll ire be can handle it. If there be one thing we must understand it is the mind, for the iinttiortul tenant of the brain is the material upon which we work and il will la-t as long as eternity shall last. What is put into the first of life, is put into the wholeof life. FroclM-1, a tsiteinjsirary of Pestalozui. ftiuiiibsl the Kindergarten sys tem. The younger children demand the givutist nniouut of attention from the teach er, and in some cith-s the primary teaeh- r gels the highest salary ; the adviie. "treat all children alike." is alisiird. Imitators are never good teachers. Why cannot an elocu tionist, a practical imitator take one of Go lecture- and produce the etf.s-t lhat trough's vvotiid produiv 011 all audience? Instruction must ! basisl u'mn the actual exs rii-nee ol tin- pupil. The true idea of a sehisit isth.it which makes thinkers and workers; the more original work a teacher can gt-t out of his pupils, the greater his success ; it isclaitn ed ti nit the schools of forty years ago that they taught more spelling, more rapid ti.' un's ; hut it is not the question how runny words wecansiM'H but how many can we s;,h 11 'lid use intelligently ; not how fast can we make figures, but bow many can we make, and make tliem correctly. Felleuburg es tablished the first indii-tri.il school, and lin y are tonlay a necessity in even civilized isiutitry. Education is the result of volun tary etiort. and voluntary etlort can SEVKn be obtained without interest. 1 believe iu sunshine in the schiMilr.sim. Among the manures of my school days none is more sacnsl than an old book id' songs, written in school-hoy's hand; but I have them still. Education is a failure, unless il cultivates moral progn-ss. as well a- moral discipline. When a strong government, and astn.ng hand to sustain it are lacking, there .' is failure. Unyielding discipline in a schist! room will fit out i.s,p!e able to act their r-i1 i "' ' '' ne ,a" a "a,e "' iu the uwM it i-o-w.rr.m-. ! -r"nl "r a K ,Ipr around the world in yn days. Id. t think tliat the Bible is intended ' Gladstone rises to s-ak in Parliament, and as a text-bis.k. or that it should be so used, I 1 tM,-v a C"P.V "f U i" t 'hicago three hour- be but 1 iK'lieveit should be so used as nil ind '"r'' be Is gitis. Thegn.it new -pa rs ol the ami isunnaiiion to mutual rdiu-attot.. The 1 lv"rlu UK 'r'"g one win- ; the glolie is Bible and science should go hand in hand. No know ledge ia of value that d.ses not bring us into harmony with the eternal. Moral may li-taught by example. Integrity, puri ty, and strength are the brightest jewels in the crown of a completely educated limn. There is abundant room for improvement. By the leaders of human pmgress the light is rcil.vtcd Umui ihe multitude. Agassis, Col. Parker, and of hers have thrown olf re- (h-i lions of mutual and nmr.il light tliat vvi uiss 011 down through the ages. Let us en deavor to inculcate a higher appns-uition of tiie public schools." Music Pnf. Exivll and the Institute. No. 44, "My Country 'tis of Thee." No. il. " Teaching Public Si-houl." By special n--quest Pnif. Excell sung " The Old Arm Chair." Dr. Noss continuisl bis subject. He said : " The fir-t time I ever ap-iean-d In-lbiv a pub lic audieiuv. I was almut thnv years old. I was -cared to .hath then, and I'm scans! to death now.'' (Hen Prof. Welier staled that Miss Tomer would siiur imm.sliately after Pn.f. Nossconclii.l.sl. Pmf. Noss said. "I ni glad of il, as that w ill hold the audience if I can't." The stibji-cts of II story and (ii-ograph y should never f divonss! inour tcnehing. Iu teaching loth of them we deal loo much in abstractions : our teaching will Is- mon- iinpn-ssive if we di-al mon' in the cm- crcte. and li-s in the als-tnict. Here is ,1 is it ton Kid ; now. how much Is-ttcr teaching can Is done on the -ubjis-t of cotton with Ibis iad. than without it ? Next Ik st would Ik a bunch of niw cotton , if not that, a pic tun. The great principle of P.-t:ti..iaii'-in. is from tin- object to the concept, f'n.m the concntc to the abstract. To e;nuate the cotton seeds was long an imjmssil.l..- work. In 17'"? EM Whitney invented tho cotioti gin. which, while 11 blessing iu many re-sp'.s-f.- was ti gn'ut curse in otbrp.. as it stim ulat.sl -lavery whu h w- oil tin-decline. Hen-ar.-sprays of rice, and silk ck-o oix. These things and many others may be eas ily procured by writing for them, wliat an interest might lie .id'h-! to the sitbjis-ts taught wen teachers lo endeavor lo procui-e the tilings neciary to enable ns to do ron-cn-te teaching. Teachers would gain nut. h information by going lo lawyers, men-bauis, physicians, in.vbaiiics. pre.ico.-rs. Ly ifoing into their own niiuK and a-king how to leach certain things. II;. cu t you learned a great di-ul of bi-torv and gc.-giapby that is not of any use to you? The fact that much 1 float back in the trade winds to very nearly has been forgotten is su.iutiincs gloried over j where be started ; could I pluck up Ihe An by saying: "But it was valuable on airount j ,),- and plant them on the Eastern coast, the of its mental discipline. If I ran believe that 1 boy would traverse sundry plamson a canal, the Creator has inade a machine that must The day U'fore Thank-giving 1 plucked pinks do useless work I am pn'pan-d to say that he 111 Oregon, at the month of the Columbia riv has made a stiijieinloiis blunder. i er ; preserve your fon-sts, and you will pre- I feel here that I am in x rfect accord with ! -erve the fertility of the country- Place one the Teachers of this county, tyi their opinion is indicated hy your native talent on this platform. One means of making our schoolnsinis pleasing mid our work intenst ing is pictures. We talk of financial crisis to 1 hildn-u that have no idea al all of the meaning of financial or crisis. Thnv an children, plenty of them that can I teil lite Commonest things, as where js-pi-er comes from, and a hundred other thing". We never forget what we have seen. A man that has seen Pitsbnrgh, New York. London, Etc., never forgets what he saw. Much use may be madcof a moulding noani, filled with wet sand. Just wet enough K not to stick to tlx fingers. We have inrodoced in our school an idjvidual moulding board. Each pupil having one. I sometime think we spend too much time is teaching drawing of nu. etc. When weintmdwv mundraw ini: we should not give the pupil lo umlcrstaiid that he is studying geography for as sskui as be begins to be able to -lo map draw ing he begins to think how 1m is doing it. IdeaUrarel Is an excellent moil,? of teach ing GenvTnphv. Make an outline map with out any places marked on it. Fill in the places as y:iu visit them, and none that are not t'lsitoi. Try to nalitee y.etr iilsai. ri.e lxr tha? sets out to catch a tar may go fr-un biil to niottntaiu. but he will never get tl.e slur. Yet he will travel fur: her and higher than one tliat never triel to reach 11 star. I htve known children wlio had b.n k', t fnjro wrunj-doiiig and in the path -if duty by t!i force of what l!iey ha.1 been tauijbt by a faithful teacher. If you cannot love chil dren you have no business in the si-hoo! room, get out of it, you are doing wrong by staving there, every day you remain in it. j Let us all do our best j Music S!o. by Miss Belle Toma- Miss j Ella Musseliuau at the piano. Greeted with ; applause. Dr. Noss suited that a globe costing about thirty-rive cents of which he exhibited, a spocim-.'n w-.mjM be of nt-ire benefit than one costing twenty-live dollars. Report by W. H. Cover, of Stoystown. The Teirher a .S-i'of Crmttire. All intelligent human cn-jtures laving the gift of speech are social creatures. In 1 ,,.a,.i,cr ,,ould ! a Martin Loulhcr lor re- ligioii, a John Ii. Gough for tcinpera-it c. eti:. He should is- a man of general cultup-; nei-d not Isl' a walking dry good s store. The si cial teacher governs his 1 Ii.hiI w itiuejt any trouble. I know that in liie Missouri river there is quii ksand. that in Tv x.is they f.isten horses more coiivi-uietitiy to vvagoi.s than here. You know more of the jn-ople of Wa.liir.!'ton than you did yesterday. We may gam information by talking to irsons into whose company we arc thrown and by rc.iding. Tiie child learns most of Us lessons verbally. fhe teacher not only gains tower by as sociation with his pupils, but interests arc I awakeuid that did not bej. j teacher that attend.-a sociub! re exist. The at niu it will appear very dull U lore his si hool the next I day. We tuu-a receive impulses from others 1 and act troiii our ovn souls, ! W- int-d not allow ourselves to be carried awav by our as foil 111 tne eyes fore t.letll toe l aeler. i ncrc i- ociuiioiis We must giorit'v ! u'cati-s. i nen you ina-s latsirers tu.-y con .f our pupils bv kcci .iigiH-- i ".it, may strike and shake the continents. id of all toil a grand char no civatcd thing, no laoiigiit of G.sl. tiial is not to the true leai tier a soun-c of stn-ngth and ah. lily. tileries; " When a parent is able to buy a text hook and wili not, w hat would you do.1" A. C. iioilw-ri Uejsirt hitu a- iml: gent to the isiaril. and a-k tbeui to e'. 1 l.em. " VYny are in o.v voleau.s'- t'ouinl on iVis: ern shores i.t t 'ontinelils toail 00 ivL-Iim .'' tVoi. Noss Uou t ku-.vv ; old itieor.e.s are expl.xled. " How pronounie riyer ?" J. A. Ik-rkey answered, " i is long." "Don5 alcohol exist in nature '" G. M. Baker Not as ale..:;..! ; its cl.unenrs ciist. " How do you prevent tardiness?" F. F. Berkey. (Tin-re b-ing no teacher of those initials, referred to J. A. Bi-rkey. Answer III written exi u-es. J. LV M.vso I am heartily opjnise.1 to writ ten excuses ; I deduct a certain ereent.tge for eif h time tardy. Levi Liehliter I try to impi-esseveryUnly, parent and pupil, that school is a business matter, and al! must he n lunc. . . Ke.iu Tiie.-e are certain classes that cannot he reached, at all. Fred l.rof 1 keep ihe pupils in to make up .ls many miiores as they lost. Mr. Kit her -I have visited pan-nts to pre vent it, and have su.-eeed.-. i. A C. IIolbelt-No me!hil will fit al! eases. FVF.NM SFs-ioX. Mn-ir Ml-s Beile Tomer, in a solo. Miss Ella Miisst-linnn at the piano. (Applait-e.) Prof. Extvll sung a solo "The Owl. " ( Ap plause.) liy request Miss Tonier sung "Swa nee River." Joseph Cook, of Boston, the leetun'r of the evening, was introduced by Prof. J. C Welter, in his lecture, ULTIMATE AMERICA. He said : "God be thanked tliat in our day there are no foreign lands ; Julius IV-ur I cotiiu not urive urotinii the Koiuau r.uipire marked as a chess-board ; no man i-ati make a move on it. iut.-lti-.-ni ly. uuV-s he knows it al! ; if voitr heart- an- a- lie ge as y..ur fa thers' w.-re that i-. if you take ill all witiiin six weeks of you, you must takein the whole glolie. Is this whole world to be join. si to Ultimate America'.' Twice within a little more than a hundred years this land has been drenched in blisid, and twice within a little mon than twenty year.- il has wutiess- I i eil tiie as.-a-sination ol an American 1 Inet .Magistrate; while the country ison the verge of great things, htit vv are al-o ,,,, the v-.-rge of great n-rils. My object is to take tin- tears and drojis of hi. tod and use them as !cn-.-s lo look at the promises and the pen!- of the future. And il I sis 111 lo overrate either of tin m, Uar iu mind ihrough what sa.-red I.-iim-s we gaze. The Roman" caiiis niver tlew as far as fi oin Plymouth Roi k to Nm Franci-eo. Ymi run cover England, S.-oiiand, Ireland, Wa i-, and have rmnn for Greece ; y.01 can sibk Scotland in Lake stiiM-rior. Y on are taught lo revere the Brili.-u Elnpiie, lniuu.c thi ! never sets on it : but on j '" ll' 'u'n summer .lavs th. .ur R. public, tin lle i f giM-s ' down, foe sua doc not cease to -Line on j 'be Aleutian Isiau.i.s, befon it beguia to shine j "" 'be Ion-sis of Maine. An Eiig.isiiman 1 came to this country, traveled t:irou;;li it. : and only thought that he had seen Anier.ca, ' wiicn be was sailing out of Golden Gate. He j should have been yet mon cautions ; he i should have inquind what we w.b lie when I we have posssed this country as l.eig as 1 Euro' bus been peopled ; when we have a 1 Lou. ion 011 Ihe Hudson, on the great .akes, ' on ihe Mi-sissippi and on the Pacific, vvin ii i we have pi-ess Am. rica for one thousand 1 years, for linn only c.u.d he have a couo-p-1 lion of I i;:iiiate America. America bas a j grxaier amount ..I aral-ie laud than Europe, j A-iu, and Africacoiuhineal. If my o'-cn hand , be taken to represent the desert n-giuin if the ' old world, a sin-ie finger I i.e sniai lest will ! n-prcselil the .'i-st-rt n gi. .is o t he new. 1 Aineri. a is l.-og and narrow, and the old I worid is broad ; this means that the ci ulral i i-osttioii is well wa'ercd ; a high mountain . range on the East means an arid interior. but a low mountain range on the East minus j fertiiily and water iu the interior. It 1 could cut down the high m -untaiiis on the Ei.-t, I would make Saharah a fertile plain ; iu pro portion to its si.ee. South America ia one of the most lertile regions oil earth. A boy can get into a lx.at and float down the Amaxoii to near its mouth, and then hoist a sail and point of the compass on St. Paul and the other on Peace River, turn litem aniund twice, and you reach the Gull ; turn liitni around again, and you are iu the Pacific. There is mon- wheat land northwest i f St. Paul than south of it ; there an looo square miles of il north of Sr. Paul ; tbis is the Sas katchewan Valley ; this is nothing lo you, lull you can't talk alsiitt it in Canada with out awakening euthdsiasm. But it may lie something to your ilescen. Units. Petroleum crosses Ihe lakes at Cleveland and gojs to California by way of the Coiahan railnKid and Puget Sound cheaper lluin we can send it any other way. We are the country of great river systems in the air. and beiiee ou land. A Hindoo once asked me, " Do yoo hav soy rivers in your country as gn-at as the Ganges?" I chd 11. -t reply but 1 might have told him the si-ven largest rivers of your country d .n't. carry lo the oteau as, much water as the Am azon. You can cut out of tiie Ajifcrlcatr'Jou tiuiut two Roman Empires, both having gx-d climites : yon cn't do tlos in any oth er part of the eaith. Cutout ol the old world all arid, Iwvrreu .i!. ari-1 the -.one out oi" tne new, and you have ten nii'liou s-pt 1-,- uiiies of go si laud in the old world, all eleven in file new. Auie'lca da r i;-iu.-T'. .1 ;.-vb-r po;iui.ittoo than he oip w.wid. In tiie future w.i wilt likuly double i ir-.re piipu'.a'iotis as rapidly a wv hint in the isisl doubled small nnjsi D-inid Wi'wer nseil 10 say that be koeiv no laiagiualioo wild enov.gb to coroputs the Sitnrs pnptx! tdm." What is onr popnlarion liki-siy tm b iu A. D. 3ii? In 1910 we oozht to hsvs eighty millions, iu 19o0 we ought to 6av two hundnd millions, in we ought to have four hundred millions. This is not wild. English authorities fix it far higher, while the growth of the Old World is fixed al only two huudn-d millions. Which is the more likely to set fashions to the English spea!png world the old with two hundred 111 limits or the new with four hundred mil lions insrease. I do not desire to cater to rare pn-jiulirvs. It's much to lie an English man it s pnuethintj to be an American. I can parallel the cxju-riencenf the English banuict. I have traveled through the entire British dominions and have not thought that I had seen the British Empire. I . sailed away and did not seem to have seen the Brit ish Kmpirv. Tiiere came a day when erect objects cast no shallow little by little the shadows bivait to fall toward the south. I saw is.'auiLs all under the British rt.ig. We were at last able to make snow balls from crystals Ume by wimls from the Sath. I saw Australia, almost as iar.re as the liiitcd Slates without Alaska, but 1 did not seem to have seen Ihe British Empire. Only w hen I had seen America, and tiioiiirht of the great possessions north of us, and that '. oiir-selv.-s. were once under that dominion, that 1 began to have some idea of the Briiish Em pire. It lias liecn predicted that we will ul timately wrest the sceptre from the British Empire. I had rather bean American than a Roman under the proudest Cu-sir, or a Briton under Victoria. How is ihe population of the future to tie distributed. The accumulation of population at great centres is a result of means of communica tion. Tne truth is tint the massing of men ti-ntU to vice. When you mass capitalists they form syn- Skilled lalsm-rs can take care of themselves, un-killi ! laUir catitu.i. It is the duty of cverv one to take care of the issnst iaid t luliorer no j .-kin. matter what the color of bis I.cverv never tnjtin-d this iiiniry as I much a- the liquor trntlie does. This truitie ! tuav have to lie cut out f tne coumrv In- j Hie edge of the sword. But, however it is leiitoiit.it ni'ist :. Neither the R -inibli- j 1 I can nor IVims-ralic jwirtycjii Ik- preserved in j whiskey. Toe Temperance parry has the Republican siny by the Uard. and tl.e I. in s ratie party by the lurk. The W. C. T. U. has fought a go. si fight, they have kept the faith, they have not finished their coiti-se. New York is the Empire Stale, not men'Iy in cnnimer.v but in iniquity as well 011 ac c.uni of ni'iuicipal nii-rule. ! rX'-ect to see New York as large as London. H..vv large is London '.' Our seven larg. st citi.-s together w ill not make as large a n.pulation as that of Loudon. What would hap'-eu should you join ill one city al! the evils of our seven largest eith-s? It might be described in the words of SIiiikesjH-an.- in Murho'l : ' Round about the chaldron go, In the seison.sl entrails throw. Eye of newt and tar of frog. M.tw of wolf and tongue of d.vg. For a charm ol powcrful trouble. Like a hell bmtb, hoi! and bubble.' G.sl have men y on the condcmiiHil anar chists on their souls, and may the Courts not have men-y on their Isnlies, for Shakes- . peim' fini-hes the di-s.Tipti.ui : 'Coo! it with a balMM.u s bliss!, Then the v 'lariu is firm and good.' What would have lciu ihe consequence in 1H77, had there In-en a Loudon when; Pittsburgh isto-ilay? Itostoii and Chicago is discussing munici pal reform. Tiiere isa terrible danger aris ing in the Civil Service. The custom bus lieen to turn out ol.l men and put in others. Then the cry came To the victors U-loinr tiie s'siils.' There are more than a hundred Ihoii-and otli.vs at ihe .ll-js-itioii of the dominant party. Jell, rson -aid. 'Men should be chosen to otliiv for merit, and kept there during good ln-havior.' Ciesar. Antony, and I-jiidus, in the ninty day- ol the Roman Empire were s. 1. 00 lln. ys phi; itig wi:h inarbbs. eotiipar.d to the man that bus the patniuiigv of the Americ'.u Government in his hands. The spoils system was inaugurated by the worst man the country ever produi-ed. Aamn Burr. TI ere was no aristocrai y of olfiee holders under J. flerson. When you chaiiae ottieers you may change the limbs; When you change heads you may chanire cabinets, you may change .;iuo, but when you change loi!, !Ko ofihvholdcrs and the '-Topic will arise and put his party down fon'ver. We have no iensauts. we are likely to have a greal many train-s and anarchists, and they are very dangerous. There is to be an aceumuhitinn of wealth in this country that will make fhe gulf l-ctvveen the very rich and the very poor yawn lo an extent von cannot now conceive. It is our custom to wait till the both minute of the 11th hour Is fore we do anything Is fore we t iirot tie all evil. We do wonders intheioth minute, but work is aceiimiiiatiug on us. Tiie snaker closed with an allegory, the -um of which was The principles ot true t 'hri-tiauity must l.c the ultim ite salvation -.f America from all perils. Musi. .. by M.-s Tomer; Miss Mils-.-elinati at the piano. Solo, "Our Native -long." by I'p.f. Exivll. Another Parsonage Stormed. On last Wed.ies.iav evening titty or more e.t i.-ns of every cier-ch. cr.-:-. an-1 .! !!ii-s, Ill.uist.-rs. elders, tjcacolis atel lav 11.1 11 t.s.k the par-oiiage by -t-.rni. Bui uuhk most -torming parties tlny la d -!..wn their anus and capitulated ; then fr:o:ii- a -:.M-k of "arms" for the inner tn;n. .11. l-nloig a handsome sum of the " r-i t of ail evil." 'fheireoinuiand'-r II. L. Ita.-r Eq ..11a neat s.vch delivensl theiraruis. but reterved the right lo march out with colors dying and the honor ahv tcs d ie a gallant bin I w.ieti doiiur a ir.si.1 d-v.1. Taanks! Thanks ' ""! friends, for the " iiei-es-ari.-s ot lib-, ' but alsive al) for the pleasant memories that you lift iu our hearts. ArrLuro Bsh. and Wtx. MARRIED. BRANT-LAMBERT Dec. 3"tb, at tl.e Reformed sirsouate. Sonier-s't Pa. by Rev . II. King. Irvin F. Brant to Dora E. Laml-ert both of Sbanksville Pa. MOONEY YOUNKIN. On Thurslay, UsvmlierSl). lSsti, by lift. C. V. Mason. Mr. John A. M.Hiney, of Pittsburgh, to MissJen nsit E. Younkin, of Ursina, Pa. IIoRNEll KOONTZ At the residence of Nouli K.Mintz. H.verville Pa.. Ilec. 3l, by Elder Peter Vogel. Merrick C. Horner, of Johnstown lo Miss A hi Ksinls. of Hoov ersville. tiALLAtillER HICKEY At the resi dence of tiie olfi. iaiing minister at Somerset Pa, Dec. ill. by Rev. O. P. K. Livan, Owen F. Gallagher, to Miss Alice Ilickry. both of Morrellville, l.'ambriaco. SUA I" LIS BRANT. At the n-sidence ef the officiating minister at Somerset. Dee. Jitli. by Rev. D. P. K. Lnvan, sircJ. Shaulis of Bakersville to Miss Annie t". Brant ofSipesville. both of Somerset Co. HOFFMAN JONES. At the resi.lrnre of ihe onViating minister al Somerset. Dee. Will, by Re. V. P. K. Lavan, Silas Hoff man, of Stablstown, to Miss I.la R. Jones, of Donegal, both of Westmoreland. Co. ROSS BALTZ ER. Dee. 30tb, st the rss Idence of the brides parents by Rr. J. J. Welsh, assisted by Rev. H. King. John D. Rom to I reus 5. BalU-sr. both of dhanksville Somerset connty. SIIAEFFER-BAENHART. Pec. 3fnh, al the n-si.k.-nce of the br.dei parent by J. J. Welch. Harry A. BhaelfeT 10 X j Kata X. Bamhart, botli ofSomenst, oouaty. IT TT
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers