The limitiiifibentiti3publican. r 111,10 ED WirgittaviabiT *D O, AT wormtn, ft; tf4llo pit Asses. rs Amur: •t - Ad trepthisig. - One squie(lls Uses or leas)ons , " tn,AC One Pquare , '" .. two weld,-- - 075 ona o n e seepieqb 1,25 One square - 4 . • - - -- two months, 2,25 I , ne square - three months, 8,06 tine F4hait - , sit monthl i . 6090 . (6C square 44 one year, .. 5;00 • 770 slaires bee tetra, • • - • • " " •\..15;00 -Three squares one year, Five sprirtM one year, Ore column one year, ' ' 40,00 • Yearly advertisers will have the privilege of alter int. or changing their advertisements withoutad d:tional - charge.- iinsiness cards - , not exceeding five dines, inserted !9,00 per finnan. • iisl)s -17115 tiiiite 41011E8 iiil h a glen inisiirtinnht tg ,TeV,ing materials, and all kinds of Job Work, such eards;Posters, l'amphietsokc., will betione neat. ie andprotnßtly,„, BU - SINES 7 S - TURDS. , . William N. Grover, . .., 1 - 7 , 1:4":1* AttAtt._S7 toms, MT. -1m rr.kcilrea onl yln .1 ;;,,, 4•Lcu. Corot, of ..lircomind uorotos lanntlf=ly to, ~ ~, nAL.,•••Ari. BoAloro Iron 111•5v4 irtiln 4 *lre pt•at. .. • -,. cll , Ple E No. 46 IM.-ly lare.toct Stztrt: . . .•;; „,,,,, Prce•mbtelt. Francis B. Davison, X D., r '4.?4`,17`,11 uRI4,4DacE, oppootte Mello , a Chnrcil Nartanbel 17. MSS, • et:Winkler, 1 - co:, Pc, appotte I' & N0v..11, ISM-ft E. Rogers, the 'At ANTrACTI'WE of all des - c;iptions of • eA IR !AGE WAGONS,SLEIGI &e.. • Of Workman.hla.and of the best materials, atJ be welt a few ends east of Seatleog Itot I, to '&fonterwe. where $ 1 he hippy to reeei*e the rath: of all who want anything Tula,. 3ifontroae. Swerahrt 15, 1:2.-1F D. Bennett. ut,!..TK:11. ,.. "0fer. 4tlrqbeitsimu euthete; its., respectful ') form pert le ur Su,upte buena and nelithruuluecentutuu k himl.Petiodtado and ..h014:11. and Kept& 4+14 !aux= Wilt ierrlei Periaitt-uls, Bnt, H. • 7,tett. - Utter - At, i559.-ct — DERMAL Simpson, - I r., Tell REPAIRER. haring corked far Ake matt rent Teary la on the mast aktilfal mearizaren.he feels readiest that Le am ~1 cr.e...ealijotts en vistort•aatier. All work wArralited to , - es,teartinn. Jeweler repaired rteatlr and m reannetat.te terms, tfr Wr nit new Store, rorraTof.Ralu and Tam :te lOftt te. below searie's 114.4, liaatraea P.. . - - • Wm. W. Smith & Co.. • . , eAturs lAND, r.71-i 11l MANI'PAC PVT44II.r. Tr z ' 4. . attiy a VAL k 7a ~ Siumsua ire II r.nats loot trlll4.lll.ljeCi. 11 • 1 , 1 , -, r, Ihty t6:15:5.-tt Hayden Brothers, IC v=t.E~atEDFALEESt TANKFT NOT/ONS, Watches, ;/ i1.7f; . . a. /4171 - a M tt r'',. W l l/ 7'll.tri . r . 4 " 4 / 11 /ff oces. IZEM - Boyd & Webster, r • • rig 1. AIM', Stare Inn. M. Comer, artd , Fheat belt I t7,77 — aScl:lrtncleor Sal& ratflllaera. tr.clar, of Balk:aye Itatralata. TIC Map South • and cane, n:O4. St,vp treat Marbtatirt Muth. lir- G. Z. Diittb6E; .1,1(1AN AND SER.GEO-X, poluvomtlr Inca cd Limm4f s' . - .utr. Ya OFFICE over Wllem yr 1e...• St.,xlee /IrAeL • Marcy ItiCl&dson - ~n ;il 1r7.4a) . tfiteler big 12ofe,e.bbal len*, to the lb ".../......., rn MA - rarest , and Ws vicinity. OFFICE ovbr Mul m • ~1,2. 1.01)6' is at the Kry4otic.llotel. Y.,...... ( 1 / 4 1-11, - .-Iyp • tr. E. F. Wilmot, - M the Allopathic awl IT-aneopattrle ramp. T Pe4l-C,. TOr per r astnectir iiraamtiMqtal Arai, ta. 0 - • Al 4 .he h•Jel .F2•erSetll F. 4 •-"mil.Fa PP %M. S. • - May IA Dr. Smith & Son, ..-' - i 7 " z ! StlitiFAEN DY.TTISTS.' - ov:k'-i7 te,11.4.f,4 Mout. a!!..n`..i'm br ltomt rq. GoLn awl tict.vtz phtt,, Lnd tr , t'Usnt tl-arizg teeth.: .-If • • C. D. 'Virgil, P.ENTY: 4 T. MOSTEOSE. FA. O 6 -- Zet ai the FrankEn AM 1. Room No. 2. the too , . A.171011i 7. DT : , A. Gifronk, !BM putnt.. be z:t.sll3 -t!.? ttv.mtlelt.w.v-reuted IL Thayer, SURGEON, Merranine. Pa. Office in O. ivs,cei. sin. re. - A. Bushnell, t‘2.m.r.Cat.NSELLOI: AT LAW. CrMee over S. 'II t'sl•noz Store. Smola-141 . NA PM,. ra--.1231 •- Beeler & Stoddard. : E 11.5 'M130011 4 1.0"tlorr•ar•i nodlitiot. nn • Ft_ f! _t door beloorErarle'e IltkoClloutrue,Po..-rZ4I C. k.MISOODAOD 12113 • William TL . Jessup, , nNr.s,A'r LAW &NOTARY rtzLic. OLSee on rub Atottntocz.. ra. - _ • • Bentley 4t Fitch ; • sAT.LA tr Alti) i3OnliTS 1...11C11 G= r1"5: Mottfbvt. Ps. - Albeit - Chamberlin; SET AT LA W. - AIFD JUSTICE OF THE PEACE. o er LL. 1 . 0.1 k Co,'sEsora....Moscaosc., Wm. H. :amp, --. • T I- AR AND COXII7t , sIONER OF DEEPS, a 1, tat a t tza at New Lark. will at • dto an ba4neas mutat e. ed pt 4 imptatai, and &lents. et oz Public Spate ? 013.11. r' , l Bat. Jesatp. • _ • Abel Turrell; • WALL!: 13: DRUGS. 3LEDICINES., CHEM. ICUS, n. 11. If ,r3s, DF., , , tgn. Grorefles. Dry Goods. lar4ware. :Wane. nor -47,,, el, Wwcbcs. Jewelry; I•llrer,S;wwwsSpectscleo. Ito - .• ..rn:..i,l_ Trarwes.Vitrrgkal burn:m.l4w, Llnpora. PerfWw. Y- - .;rs. Nut. tutery. Drusthes, Sihoe", Yankee Notioms, W-e. --- -- --- --- . Chandler, 12C bf:TINXIDS. newly ahate MEM= Grverles steinstry. etc., Public Art -rll, Illurrsses, Post Brothers, • iLtLERs Di DRY GOODS. CrodEery. iTartrare. i..aher, now, 0p,,, water of Tumplte street ,at Putße Are onroo , r., Pa- • • - J. Lyorut & Son., I " ial.f:R.B IN GOODS. Gmeeric , ...llardware, Crockery. Book*, Itclodernri. and Vhcrt Must, ; also. carry .ut. Utird.ll,llofaslanc--rukde.Avenue,.Slorszoer., Pa. T • A. LYON?. Read & Co., - . LIT:ER.I.IT VITT GOODS, Dntot, lenitrlnew. l'lt.lt, 011 i , rrrirs, flardsnur, tbutkery..l=. elect% Wat.cbea, Jew- Fis., Spriao4,PerfOnlel7, Ake. thick Muck, MOSTSORS. W. LILLY ~...IVith c r nAD. -- ' Illir: Miami - Jessup, 7 T.P.NETS AT LAW. licerratere. F. Practice in Seville Ilnadfißd Wayne. Wyeatlag anti I..uiteree mutat.. Rockwell *Vinton. • I A .NUFACTUREItazad Midas la Maim Goods Hatt (7.a mbrelisw. Parsonla JZI,Pc,34, itc., No.llo CVnctlauQ ! , zwl"oes. (up dairt) . w. wr:‘,l3-zolc. . - Baidivii; 11len, TcI!' , ...E‘ALE wd Rete Dien In 11 1 o T nr, othSIR; Flet. ' (--441 ritOtI,Z 7 . 5 ' ,14111. Ten, Coffee. Ate. ,• • • .f ope duce iderow J. Eilnidge:a Cobb &-Bogen, . )F- kr. fIN nv c ROC mums. ei...ttLe gore rteeitly occupied . " - t r,...1- ktr.q.em. Moot one. Pa. ''.... Peocel s. WITCHER SHOP la tht M e of rd ,; •:,,, L , t.ture. tomer of Maio and Turnpike Mete. )Sc ' _ ''''''''. ,54, 4 et 111.7.-tf • •- - . AZT .&CRO STIC. m y . OFFICE ie grad and ST:PEIIR ra DaTR(iINT, Ifaac °novae. etd e "" hal H A. . It,cwrEE.o2.llltbedistooll4),UPAß, I`:caY Rocca. where ado wtti la lariraß , OCATION p /I..X.A6AICT.AuIdIe , rls tie FARE , o: aSI MLLE Samar itonis,DresserofLtalL N Baserriest of Searle's Rotel; et Tomae Street Amend. 1108:7.4. Roue of Post, Cooper, & Co. utsar COO DRINKER, - PIE. _MONTROSE,' - ! Aae i'OS Noireziber 12, 1835. ziT. • DRAFTS on-New Tork Oty-and Celleciions promptly mode and :milted. - O nlo a. N.. 0 3. Kamm. Allen k Paiton; N. York': ELTERFscaI simnel a. Norton, FA., Phira.. Boa. William Jessup, Montrose. • , - • NOTICE. p-EitSOYS desirous oryaying vie money" debt's 4 07 descziption, eau do so by leaving their pares with Post,`Colipeit Co, Bankers; Mout 'Ps°, to lay credit, :hae seeeipts bec allowed their-gate, . 'C. L. WARD. . I Pril 8, I€s-6‘..4f News Offfeel VEW TORIC CITY ILLtlitTltaw NEWSPA• -I I PERS, MAGAZWEB, sale it Ore Wont ". B ° l * &en tr, N. BULLASD. Immo, Sept. §, lorti. ' . ' H bii - t'''''',,'-'4 . .4it.',(',.i - a . n., I T QL. 5. Jcsr Whin the red June roses blow •• She gars me one,,a year agn. A rose whose crimson breath rereaftl The secret that its heart conceard, And whose half shy, half tender grace I " Dlush'd bock upon the giver's fare. A year 'd Igth.4l pear agds. • , • To hope was nta to Just when the red June newt blow " I VLeik'alier olie;•=o tiibnth ago. :11t.silialtblown crimson to I laid it on her smiling-Ups ; . The lalmr fragrance of the south Drew sweetness from her sweeter month. Swihly do golden hour creep,— . To hold is not to keep. Vie red Jane roses now are past,— This ieri. &Y . . firoke.tfie And now pirfuiried iilli Ia lath With her,ibeneath a coffin.lid; There wilt - its petals fill apart, And wither on her icy; heart: • At three red me* cost • • 3ly World was galled tud lost. "No, sir, I do not take them, na‘yaelf I but I now end then horromone, just ,to read.— Pray, sir, what have newspapers to do with children 1" - " Why, sir, they have ri Vast. deal to do with them, I :tenure you. I should as soon think-of keeping thenfrOm school, as to withhold from them the newspaper; it is a little mitt,' of itself.- - Being new - every week s ft attracts theii attention, and they are sad Its fferlfse it. Tints, while they are stor ing their minds with useful knottledge, they are at the same time aequiring the iiti of 1 reading, Sic. A have often been surprises] that men of understanding should overlook the Or ittitrptedeeeßepoti t ,,,,, . I the importance of a newspaper in a family." 1 SNETCII OF OOSSIPVILLI. - - ' "hi troth ; neighbor IL, I frequently , think 1 ,ahould li ke toltike them, but I cannot well 1 Gosatitvail, lan: Ist. 1856. ' afford the eVriense." ' . , AlisXhs. Einitifiii—i 644 holihed Ohl.; 1.1,_ "t r a h ri' . t. h. a i plir , d'"l , the e. ,. ipens h e ! What,' let thing about your paper that ' gives me reason Ime at1 , C4,12 ? h e vanili"-ba a dollar and a half a to think that you are very liberal.minded, , year, in eomparison: whit th 6 fiferisiii-e. and and that is this, you allow almost everybody I . lldvantageson be derived from a well con \ f 'a place in your columns, in which they may -ducted newspaper'? As, poor as f am, I we'd ,express their various opifiions on different I not, for fifty dollars a.yenr, deprive myself matters, such.as•sehool procoedinp,s, county iof the happiness, I enyry in reading and hear ,Superiritehdeney, polities,.bott to bury Teti-1 ini fey ehildren read' and talk about what foes and raise tat. Cali-es, EatisaS - , and other i they're read ill the film.% And then the subjects of vital impoltartie to ilieT piibile,—'- 1 retlec: ion that they are groWthg tip Neill- Almost every township has its wise and oil:- 1 tient and usofol members of society. - (sh. cruise aspirants, ail anxious and eager to gain don't nienfiof: flit.: eA'po:fise!—pay it in ad the diAnilied' pnsitiitd ,or corres,poodent.— Yance everY year, and yeti ',tilt think nh , Now,Messrs. rA)hrii:s, .. 5 ..„ feelldi_i tlitit the rnqd ; more of il," . :to fame and diatinetion blast lie through me '. ;. -- IV-r. Wheiiiiiinia- neichbor A.,—like a Press, .and seeing your need;of au intelligent I f•inil•father and a ern - j liti4eil its he' is,'--sent and iruthfnl correspondent from 'the town : in $:.;;1,50 for the 'Republican the vei'j . fievt of Gossipville, the only twin of much im. I day. lie will.net regret it.. portstice hi the County, (I might shy State,) i and the only place this side of the seacoast` ..sa : the, Mr. HURRA ! - I . llollgh the well where the , &if : A:Airy -would he a payingl ' known social propensities of our eitixers business, have tome to the deterivinatitth to i have rendered the above sounds as familiar spread myself through the colitions t.Fe,.. the ( as a h„dsaold %verde to every ear, yet we Republican, - % % 4 'question if all our reauera are equally fa. possipville is a flourish i ng village situated miliar with their origin. The following • ex on the map of Susquehanna County, about a ; planation, therefore, may not be unaceepta -mile from - " mud lake" and several from bie : .New York ; althOugh a stranger could , i think ft-pm !lie httsittecs epee:mu:et % end the. ; t h e t h i , i think superiority" to .k of the ants that be had got into the Miliionare part of the " treat 'Tar : Broils." That Ile read- ! era of your paper inky giriii ah iiien of the ! principal business carried on here, (ii Melt i s ‘gossip,) and the terry it is carried on, Iwill i During the stirring tines of the Crusades, a.sy of Europe was excited to arms inhabit- I by the intliMniatort- nppenls of the well known i filer the Ifermit. who, inspired with th iite-t enthusiastic real for the deliverance -ut the Holy - Juni, traretsed alrno:-t ,even !country in Europe, denouncing tire back - , i ward,. and infusing into the less timid a por relate an - ineident . thatfell under:my (Abut"- i lion of hi s own fiery and impetuous excite. i . L., „ servet!Pe• .. h., :..- h, ',.• ....,,, ' . i I mutt. - Whist pr , schintr the Crusade, ibis The re is 11 % -er 53 ' 55 .Ttfilli; ''' .24 a 'lerr i 'l ''' /n 1 fatiutba ...ening ....... . spefineal4 , :tow,eshfbite.ts has one &vs. r :1.- 44,- , --i..ll;:it.4;tw/..j•--rsitt" . tanner. emblazoned with the following let -4i-41-514.5,44,1eviitir:' tera:' U. 'E. P.,--45; initials of the Latin as no right toliV d p, suds an a tl eim .'tad WOrils, "Hierosnlymc est perditre,"—.terusn honorable toifn:as 1.-Io.sp:Aille. Bet,, being ( lain ii destroyed. The people in sonic of of rather a stubborn and, un- aristocratic Him d i ,. tk,ntri,,,.„thich he visite d , „ a being ac of mindOtte not only insisted ~..an firing 'in I liiminted with th e Lefirt, read and protiontie ru.,...o GossinCille, but actually fen into the absurd • cod the inscription, as if one word—lint , . . • - And erroneous idea that he had a right to is I t i useless to relate By what means the live there, and not only live. there, hut' keep I vengeance of these pseudo Christians was at . comptin2V with ,ti respectable and - worthy girl. the time awakened against the Jev-s— but sn At first, there was but little said about., it, it . was. The followers of the Hermit were on account of the business portion of the i aectisto r p e d, whenever an unfortunate Jew town twiag engaged in putt ing , down some appeared in the streets, to raise the cry of ' symptoms of a revival that began to mani- " Hep, Lep. hum!" to hunthint down, and 'felt themielves about that time; and the way they did itwas this : they would •go to flesh upon the defenceless Israelite their maid en swords, before they- ' essayed, their the meeting and see who the converts were, talk to thorn, and encourage them tat ; hope. temper with the eeimetee of the Saracen.— of religion ,' they wale not making a m : " Hop, hep; burnt !" thus became the crie de hope they were in earnest about it, but ex. : ',nerve of the Crumders. How it fared with the martial 'Hermit and his followers it, mat. press some doubts in a back.handed way ;—. knew they would ;have a tremendous hard , tors not ; but his war-ery has descended to. the nineteenth century, and serves to stimu time to resist temptation ; that it Was hard in -fact, impossible, for a man to be a d late:our go-ahead people who meet in pop. good ' lar ASSCMI)Inges. not to cry deign a Jew, but 'ehristian, and live just as he ought ; and by the time they had staid all they. wished, the to cry up the hitherto unheard-of virtues of some ambitious aspirant‘after public notice young convert would have.hts doubts of the and tin or. possibility of his ever being a chriatiad, -s_ Then they would keep strict watch to see ' if any 'of the converts erred at all, in order to shut them out from all society-; aid they all felt it a duty incumbent upon them to doubt their sincerity and eye them suspicious ly, and to Make up their minds and the minds of all over whom . they had any .influ nee, that they were base hypocrites. ' • . Thus discouraged. it Was a very rare,thing 'Fir a convert to bold 'out faithful, But at Itist!it became, whispered around that - this mechanic was actually "gulag to see" this' youn g lady,'ed what was worse - yet, some of them begun to fear that be might eventu ally larry'ller, and then what a life of inis. ery Was before her! One young man . felt it incumbent - upon hint to warn the mother . ; and the daughter received numerous warn• hip front very disinterested friends. Grand- Mothrs, aunts, and the whole category • lif everything, beseeched.her to discard him.— : Women that had never seen or heard of the young man, had something to-say.. He was, in their eyes, the .combination of everything .bad: everybody knew, or said they knew, that he was a drunkard. God story was that lie was beastly drunk one night in field of a saloon, and some of the men _that were by at the time, bed a -.' great mind" to go and get the young lady to come and see him in this state and convince herself. 'But they didn't do - it ;:,and those men luiVe not been found.yet who bad the "great mind." ' In a short time The young lady. had more friends than she had acquaintances before.--s Ladies, who would not speak to her in the street, were very anxious . for ,her welfare; and all had to say-something about, the young tnan. ..But, however, no one kneii where the story started frism: It could he traced back to. everybody. Everybody, heard it. from eierYbody,tni;, wishing to avoid hard feel. ings, everybody wotildn't tell who everybody WAS. - - - gmsrm The subject. is open, for discinssion The young man is a pretty. perSevCring. low, and Will probably marry : the young lady if he cboOses and she chooses . ; and she don't; believe snore tbakhalfwhat.is told her, and .1 am fearful will continue to keep the young man's . company . until 'she considers him,. from personal observation, ,as bad as everybody'says.• . Gossiping Is, the principal business. .and the ahbve is a pretty fair specimen .of the wily it is caried on. Gossipville is a, very moral town; and, in truth; there ere some good folks in it 7 —people Who would scorn the idea of dancing, drinkting, or, in other wordi, " doinithings tip generally"_af, home. Ptit then, there are plenty of country towns that afford every facility far the ebOve ,bnainjuni, and— wm=== "FEEIEDOSO ,ZIRED ROONV nearoe.ir eiI,Q7EPY AME) -WP0G90.99 .141,14 JAMS( 4(l{lr ci THREE RogEg: -------- : ~ - MONTROSE, PA . 5 - -THURSDAY; . URS - DAY I - JANUARY ' 13, 1859. A Friendly Chat in our County. " Itow does It happen, neighbor 11., that Jr!. children make Ao much vi , dtep prim rcss in their learning, :WTI knowledge of the W‘orld, than tnine 7- They all attend' the same school, and, for aught I know, enjoy the, same advantages." A " V Do you take the newspapers, neighbor =I I - AMERICA IN TUE OLD WON LD.-A traveler walking along thkstreets of - European cities will .notice at-the shops windows," American lovershoes," or " American sewing machines;" on the theatre bills,he will read the name " American Comedienne.," in the bookstores he will meet Stowe, HarlanW, Wetherill, Prescott; 13srnes, and Hodge; at th e b oo k. stands, Dwight. Williams, Cheever, Sprague, Spring ; further on he passes the ".American Photograph Gallery-2' henry Russell draws crowds to hear him sing about " Life In America." On the hustings Lord Palmers. tori tells something borrowed from the Amer. icans. In the churilieg Dr. Guthrie extols the - Atnerican educational system. At a meeting for - the Irish missions, Prof. Miller and Dr. Cooke tell how the Irish !kick over to America and' learn-independence. Go to a missienary. meeting, and Dr. Andrew Thompson eulogizes the American mission aries, Elliott, Brainard, and Grant. Go to a temperance meeting, and you will be to hear of. the Maine Law. 'Go to the Free Church general assembly, and . you hear them speaking of American missions - in Turkey, or of the great American- revival. Go to the procession of the Queen's Commissioner to the Established Assembly, and you, will find the dragoons trotting off to the Ameri 7 , can tune of the " Old Folks at home." - Go to the Glasgow cemetery end you will meet a funeral motto from Longfellow. Go into private families and-you will hear the lady of the house singing at the piano the Ameri. can song "Excelsior," and the little girl call. ing her- kitten " Topsy," and not to be too tedious, if you go into the •Eondou Times rooms - you will find that journal printing: Its slandersl_on the NUnited States upon lloe's American priming press. I - Tue. ORIGIN OF FAMILIAR Pl l / 1 /444.—The term masterly :Mackivityr originated- with Sig James.Machintosh. God tempers the wind to the shOrn lamb,r .which everybody film did Pot suppose it ;was. in the Bible cred ited to Sterne . , was stolen b 4 him from Gee. Herbert, who translated it from the French of Ilintl7Estienne..- "The cup tat cheers but not inebriat eel vris "Coniteyed" by Cow. per from BiShopZerlieley, in, bis."-Siritt.".:-- WordswUrth's . " The from father of the man" is traced froni him to ; Milton, and froni 'to Sir Thoir.as • Dion,. L" Like angers visits , few and far ticiiseen,r is not the 'offspring of "Hook"—it Is not Thonuis Cimpbell'i . 'Original thought, Old' 'John 'Norris (1658) used it,. and after hi'm Iteliart Mair,. as' late - :its 17411.. There's:A 'glide time 'tiomitig" phrt.iip, • iii - " Rob Roy," : and the i;:alttfiglity: dollar" Ia Wish; 4° 4 /MIO Governor's message. To the Honorable 'the Senators and Nembets of thz House of Representatives of the Coni - monteectlth of Pettniyliqnia, GaTLEMEN : —AI 1.110116_ the year just closed lia.tbeen one of great depression -in the business and Inoneta7'_aff.sirs i T,of the coilutrv, I inn hippy to beitiiiiitii:insiounce to the :Representatives of thei, People, Ant the finances of Reunsylvanla aro in, a.. ;most sat kfact ory 'condition. . The receipts at the Vrtasury, , from nll sources, for the .fiteal yeitr 4 ending. on the 30th ditto( November, MS, were $4.,130,- '776 35;and 60 ettpenditures, for all pm aud, uring the same tither were $3,775- 857'06. Leaving an extras of receipts over expenditures of $363,921 29. This exhibit shows that there was actually in the Treasury, on the first day of Decetn.• her, 1858, the sum- .of $363,921 29, more than ,Lets was on .the first day of December 1857. In addition to this, among the expel]. ditores for the year, were Loans redeemed, • -'Re of Notes Redeemed, Interest Certilkutes4 Making of the public debt, , !Linde.' aid unfunded, paid during the year, the sum of • 421,494 55 If we add to this the eAceett of money on hand. at the...end of the fi..eal year, over what remained in the Treasury at tIP Fame time:laat'year,,!iv. - 30 ; 921 29 Weihave thd sum of - - $785,41584 But this is not all. Theiamount paid on the public improvements, Itteluding damages unit add chtims„ during thefiseal year, Was $341,030 58 While the amotmt. of revoitte frrim tho 4 samo source, ;fur the !Petits) ; vins oily • - 95,070 06 an excess of expeiidc . - tures over receipts, which happily w•e will'he relieved from in the future, of - ' - $4-15,966 This suin^hould also be credited to the operations pit the .Tressury ; during the year, fur it ens .an efttraordihary expenditure; which cannot again occur; and was, in tact, a reduction of the linbilities of the Common wealth to that extent; . It'-we add this sem to the amount of debt paid, and the excess of cash on hand, ;we have for the year, a balance in filor ofAhe receipts, over the ordinary expenditures, amounting in the aggregate to $1,031.38236. But - from this, however, should be deduct sed the extraordinary receipts, which were,. Ist. The amount paid by the MN-41,A yhftataattaiirtiosk-pmigym a yy : on the principal olthe Je t dun. I, y the said Catiirtany, — to the • -- Ointinottwealth for the purchase of the Main Line, - *lOO,OOO -2,1. The amount received front the Girard Bank, fur loans of the Commonwealth sold by that Bank, In all - . .-_ $128,000 Which, deducted frtitn the foregoing . ar gregate of $1,031,382, 36 , . leaves the true balance of the ordinary receipts over the or dinary expenditures for th'e fiscal year -at $903,382 36. The funded rind unfunded debt of lhe Com• monw•ealth, on the first day of Deeember, 1857, W3S ns follows: FUNDED DEBT C) per cent. loan, . 5 per cent. lonn, • • 8445.180'00 - •38,773.21252 • - 388,200 00 • 100,000 00 4} per cent, loan, 4 per cent. loan, . To this should be added 5 per cent. Coupon Bonds sold by Girard Bank, net before reported, , Total funded debt, $39,734,59212 UNFUNDED DEBT, Relief Notes outstanding, Interest certificates dn. - Do. do. unclaimed, Domestic creditors> Total unfunded debt; $175,145 70 Making the entire debt of the Common wealth at the period named $39;909,738 22. The funded and unfunded, debt of The State nt the close of the ItLA fiscal year, De cember Ist, 1858, stood as - follows : _ Tosnito MUT. 41 per cent. loans, 5 per cent. /031:19, 4 per cent. loans, 4 per cent. loam , . In Total funded' debt, UNFUNDED DEBT, Relief Notes otitsLlnding, • Interest *Ct;rtifientes, Do. do. uncymed, Dorn.et.tic Creditors, - 8105,350 00 - 23,357 12 , - 4,448 38 - , - . - 802 50 • Total unfunded debt,. $133,95b 00 Making the publie debt on the firot of De. cember last, $39,488,2.13 67. Since the close of the fiscal 'year, the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund have redeemed of the five per cent. loan, the sum-of, .$2.20,132 51, leaving the real debt of the Commonwealth, at this time, funded and Unfunded, *39,2t18,- .1110. meet this, besides the ordinary. Sources of public revenue, the State awns bonds re ceived from the sale of the !Public works,and which 1 have every reason to believe; are well secured, amounting to eleven millikins one hundred And. eighty-pue dollars. be. ducting this. Mom: the • outstanding debt, it leaves to•be otherwisiPrOvided for;.the sum of tweutpeight millions , eighty-seven. thou sand 'one hundred and eleven dollars and six teetr cents. • it is believed that,,,with the,existirig sourc es of reveritieOttid the observanc.6 'of strict economy; this-sum may be reduced,. during the current year, a 0 least ono million of dol . hira, The present' would appear to be : the incite. appropriate time—when- our" nat ion . .is a peace—and when health and reasonable pros perity prevaitwithinrOur own horden—te greatly reduce the pablic debt., We, have but to carefully Nish:tad one .legithriste re sources, avoiding extravagant And unnecessa ry approp . riations, „and,- practicing ; A .pfoper economy in . all the ' departments, of govern men.t to reader the , entire. extinguishment of ' tier afibfa Very • period. To carefully-guard the pufilie treas ury at this interesting epoch in our financial history, is so manifestly the duty of. thepub. lie authorities, that I cannot for one moment belieVe that any other policy will be 'propos ed. y there be any, who, relying on the improred condition of the finances of, the State; would encourage the adoption of new schemes for depleting, the Treasury, or wo'd cot off the sources of our present revenue, and thus•reduce it, let all such efforts,' coth. ing front whatever quarter they may; ,be , sternly resisted. Let Pennsylvania Le just before she is generoUs... Let.our good-exam ple be a light in the pathway of our, sister States, as -well as an admOttition to our own local governments. This due alike to. the favors which sPrOvidentv has so bountifully' bestowed , upon. us, and to that high character for honesty and integrity wlieh'has ever dis. tinguithed the people of this gOnd old Com monwealth. In pursuance of the act entitled "An act for the Sale of the State Canals," approved on the 21st dny of April last, -1 did, as the Goverror of the Commonwealth, o the 19th dny of May, 1858, convey to t e Sunbury and Eele Ilailroacl Company. all the public workslhelongtnitto the Commonwealth, then remaining unsold; consisting of the Dela ware Division r -tlie Upperand Lower North Brnneb Divisions—the West Branch Divis ions-4nd the Susquehanna Division of the Penns)ilvenia Canal, 'with, all the property thereurito belonging, or in anywise appertain ing, aqnll the estate, right, title, and inter est of this Commonwealth therein, for the Ann of tii'ree millions five hundred thousand dollars. To secure the payment of this sum, the Sunbury and Erie 'Railroad Com pany paid to the State Treasurer its bonds, secured-by a mortgage, as directed by the act, for the amount of the purchase money. The Company, Also, complied with the pro visions of the act which required it, ms addi. tidnal security, to execute and deliver to the 'State Treasurer a mortgage on the Delaware Division for one million-,a mortgage on the Susquehanna and West Branch Divisions for half a, million—and a.mortuage on the Upper and Lower North Branch Divisions for half, a million of dollars. The deeds and s mort gages were all exetatted under the immedi ate supervision of the Attorney General, and Were in strict conformity with the require ment of the law. After the conveyances Were duly executed and deliVered, possession of the canals was given, to the rairroad company. ' - The act further provided that the Sunbury and Erie Railroad Company, should not re sell the'ennals, or any part of them, without the consent of-the Governor; and that if a re-sale were made for-a greater sum in the anuregate than three and a half millions of sirdless.ieerents t ,five per,,...ct.... v ef,tbe siteeld 1.8 pits& the Commoneultli..in LUC bonds or the put;phasers.- It was. also pro. vided that upon a re-sale, the mortgagee giv en by the Sunbury and Erie Railroad Com pany to the Commonwealth, upon, the canals "should be cancelled by the State Treasurer, and surrendered to the. Company by the Governor, on deposite nnade by the said Company in the office of the State Treasur.:: er, of an equal amount of the bonds' Of their grantees, secured by mortgage of the `canal or mall sold as aforesaid"—with a provis ion that no transfer of securities should be made until the Governor should be satisfied that the new securities to be given were suf ficient toj protect the interests of the State; and that his written approval of the chute should he filed in the office of the Secretary of :the Commonwealth, $380,306, E 5 41;071 00 , - 116 70 28,000 Sales 7ere made by the Sunbury and Erie Railroad Company and reported to me, 'un der the oath -olthu Presidents of different. lilies, as follow The Upper-and LOwer North Branch Cacal,to the North Branch Gina' Company, for • • $1,000,000 •Tbe, West Branch and Susque hanna Diyisiond, to West Branch and Susquehanna Canal Company, for - . The 'Delaware Division, to the Delawnre Division Canal Corn pany of Pennsylvania, for . 28 ; 000 00 $140,421 00 - 23,473 82 - 4,448 38 - 802 50 In all tires= of - , $3,875,000 Upon in Vestigation and inquiry . , having be come satiAed that these sales-were made for fair pricei4 and upon such terms, and to such persons composing the various purchasing imoeititioirs, as insure the payment of the purchase money, they wire severally ap proved. After the contract for the sale of the Del aware Division had been entered into, and my consent had been verbally given, and sev enty.five thousand dollars of the purchase money had been actually paid by the pur chasers, upon the fails of the contract, and my assent thereto, I was informed that a higher orie had been offered, by responsi• ble 'persona, for the canal; But under the circumstances, my opiniorr was that the offer came too bite ; and as the Railroad Com pany considered itself bound to consummate the agreernent bi , a,delivery-,of the deed and possessionl of the property to the first pur chaser; I could not, in good faith, withhold my_ assent The North Brancb-Canar Corn pCom- pany, subiequent to the purchase of that di vision, sold that portion of the canal lying between Wiikiberre and Northumberland to the Wyonting Canal Company for the sum of nine 'hundred and eighty-fee thousand On the 13th of September, 1858, bonds of the variotis companies owing the .different canals, secnrcel_by mortgages, were In persu truce of the act, and by my approval,. depea itcd with the State Treasurer to the amount of two millions of dollars; and the mortgag es on the canals given by the State Treasur er, and surrendered by me to , the company -in accordance with the directions ortba.htiv. At the sane timaa settlement was made be tween the Commonwealth and the Railroad Campany, py which , the' hitter ,paid to the State seventy-five per centinn of tire proceeds 'of the re-mle over and above the contract .price - of three - - and a hall millions. This I amounted Ito' two, hundred and eighty-one I thousand two hundred and fifty .dollars,and was paid in the following manner, viz : Bonds of. the Wyoming Canal - 1- Companyoecured by mortgage" on the canal c from Wilkesbarre to Northumberland, payable in'tweit ty,yearz with' interest at' ill per ,cent. payable . sinal-turnorillii" $281,000 Cush, • . 250 - -$445,190 00 39,420,995 67 - 3811;200 00 100,000 00 $39,354,285 07 Total, mmnimmmwEE!mlim 500,000 1,775,000 • 428/A5O There bondi are well secured; and,the ne. cruing interest and, principal, when due, Will doubtless be promptly paid. - • From inlet-046mi of a reliable character recently communicated to 'me by the' Presi dent of the Sunbury and Erie Railroad Com pany, it appaars that the prospects of early completion of this great public highway, are very encouraging. A large aniount of Work has been done on the line of the road during the past seasoc, and at this time, very considl erable portions of fhe road are graded and rapidly approaching completion, It is the opinion of the President of the company that, within two years, the work - will be entirely ,finished, so that cars will be running directly from the city of Philadelphia to the harbor of Erie. When this great enterprise 'shall be con summated, and the desire of its-friends final= ly accomplished, the payment of the three millions and a halfof mortgage * bonds, which 'the State.has received in exchange far the ca nals, will unquestionably be well secured—. whilst the railroad itself will prove of incal culable advantage to our great commercial' emporium, as well an to the important, but long neglected, region through which it puls es. Its construction will-undoubtedly add to the Value of the real estate of the Common wealth many times its cost, and develops and bring.into use the rich resources of a country which - have hitherto remained as they were lavishly strown by the hand' of nattire. I have an abiding confidence that theresult will abundantly prove the wisdOm of - the meas ure, which, while it guaranteed the comple tion of one of the greatest improvements ever projected in the Commonwealth, at the SIMQ time, divorced the State from. the un profitable and demoralizing management of he'r railroads and canals. Whatever difrerences of opinion may, at any time, have been entertained, in regard to the propriety of the details of the legislation authorizing, the sale of the main line, or the branches, it can scarcely be doubted that the public welfare will, in every respect, be vast ly promoted. by't the transfer of the manage ment of the public works from the State to individual owners, The short experience thaewe have had al ready, proves conclusively that the Common wealth is greatly the gainer, in a financial point of view, and it has been equally demon strated that the people at large have been as well, if not better, 'accommodated , by the change. It would, iri my judgment, be a public ca lamity,if,,by the happening of any contin gency, the Commonwealth should be con strained,to again.become the owner, and re sume the management, ofimy portion of the public improvements. , The power of the General Assembly to pnal Act.0f,5.614 2lni. of April,, ta.tho.tale 0t.'11..k0 St 44 catuAs vras,,qu es tinned before the Supreme Genet ofthe SIAM sinee the transfer of the Canals; and, after full argument, the Constitutionality of 'the Aet was sustained by the unanimous judg ment of the Court. . . Since the Salo of the public works, and the settlement of the principal outstanding claims against the State, it is obvious that there is no further necessity for a Board of Canal . Commissioners; or a Canal- Department. I, therefore, recommend the abolition of the Board, and that provision be made for the transfer of the records to the office of the And itorsGeneral. In view of the foregoing exhibit of our re sources and financial condition, it is apparent that,' a4nost interesting era has been reached in the :historsy of the Commonwealth. lieved fro . tn the entangling embarrassments of an eixtensive system of internal improve ments,lthe meant of the State are now ample for all legitimate purpascs, and her public debt is gradually 'but certainly disappearing. From these and othet causer.; governmental action has become greatlytsimplified, and the nature of its operationlakebanged in a de gree no less remarkable. The almost entire disposal of the lands which belonged to the State; has already dis pensed with one of the Departments created for their care. and will, ultimately, render the other unnecessary, except for preseriing the evidences of their transfer.' The mile of the . public works has relieved the Executive,brench of the Government .of ninny of its most responsible and perplexing duties, and in effect, dispensed with one of i most formidable and difficult departments. In the same proportion, the action of the Legislature will, if the representativeirof the peoph be true to the interests reposed, and sternly refuse to entangle tho pubic with those numerous projects and enterprises which are continually seeking its alliance, be simplified and economized, purified and strengthened. ; And it'is as remarkable as it is propitious, that an era which-has thus relieved' the State authorities of Mother's that consisted either of mere material interests or the care of lo cal administratiCn,--comMitting the one to the local sovereignty of the people, and the other to the private or associated enterprise, —should also present for consideration and promotion 'intellectual and moral claims of peculiar importance. It is at this period in our,history that the. system of public education challenges the at tention of the most unobservant. And I shall be_much mistaken in the cautious but steadfast character of the ,people of Pennsyl- I venia, it their representatives do not make it the first object of their. solicitude. i • The anneal report of the Superintendent-of Commtm Schools, will lay before you the° present condition of the Common School Sys fteni, and of its. operations during the past year. Your close and scrutinizing-attention is invited to the details of that document. Including the city of Philadelphia, it will be observed, - that thin, were in the public schools of;theState, " during the year which terminated Mt the first Monday of last June, 628,201 pupils ;, these were instructed during, an average. term of a little over five. months, in 11,281 schools 4'13,856 teachers, at e total cost of 4427,632 41. hiere,is a public interest, which,—whether el• W regaid its ramifications into every portion of our social fabric, its large cost, the impor tant power's over the present which it wields, or its incalculable influence upon the future, —undoubtedly transcends all others commit ted to , the care of the secular authorities.— Thia being the case,i have qio4hesitatlon in asserting that the timirhaii arrf#4 when its iniportauoe should be recOgniied„ . sad that its due adminiatratin alnifild be made thiciuty of a fully orglaktod aad affective, at .rate._ —rri~ 4 t . ..~_,>_..e..E .v_ - • • well as separate derektnent in the gil9Blll. meet. - But the mere care and jiromotion our system of Common,Scliools—lmportint and extensive as it obviously is,—Should not le. the sole Object of such a Departtnent. Wit is true that the Rower sto punish crime in cludes also the right to preventsit, by provid ing for the the intelleetual and morat training of the people, it'would seem to roll low that the department charged with the latter momentous duty, should also be in possession of all the sources and 'subjects of information, calculated to shed .light upon the object of its action. _ Hence the Oolleftion, arrangenlent, and practical deductions front population and industrial statistics; from nat ural defects, Bitch as deafness and dumbness, blindness and lunacy ;from crime In 'its va rious terms and developments; together with such control over all the literary and scien tific institutions inthe State, as shall bring their full condition - into view—should 'also belong to the same department. Therefore, I most respectfully, but earne e t. .ly urge upon your , favorable'consideration, at the present propitious moment', the organisa tion of such_ a department, In •the room of those for the care of mere matter whose ogee. ey has been or soon will be discontinued by I..the onward and upward progress of the Com monwealth. A suitable. Department of Public Instruc tion, will not, however, of itself, effeet all that is needed in this direction. The -general re. sults of the Common School system, already cited, chow the importance of its nature, and the magnitude of its operations. jf we look, also; into its special statistics, the conclusion will becqually clear that certain improve. ments in its working machinery; are equally indispensable. • • It is needless to attempt Co proire the tisk ism that a properly qualified teacher is the life and success of the school. But the facts are startling, 'that of the 12,828 teachers of our public schools, exclusive of' those in Philadel phia, only 5,087 arc reported as "qualified" for their important trust; while 5,887 are . returned as "medium," or such as are' °lily - tolerated till hotter eati be obtained, and that 2,323 are stated to be "unfit." In other words, of the 569,88.0 cbildren attending the schools out of Philadelphia, only about 230,- 000 (less than one-half) are under proper in struction, and training; while ebout 240,000 are receiving inauffieient instruction from in- I - NO. 2. tenor teachers; 100,000 are actually in charge of Persons wholly unfit for the task. This presents the subject in • a light that cannot.be shut put; and,, though the gieat and commendable efforts .recently made - I:iy the teachers of Pennsylvania, for _their own improvement, are fully recognized, it cannot be concealed that there is a work yet to be done, in this relation, which would seem to , be beyond their unaided power to. accom plish. When, howeVer, we look further into the speCial statistics of this branch of the_system, the materiel for improvement is found to be of the most promising kind. Of the 22,828 teachers of our common schools * 10,889 are under thirty years of e,ge, and 10,946 are na tives of Pennsylvania ; and a larger propor tion than in most of the other States, are per manently devoted to the profession of „teach- ing. To render these fit for the position to, which they aspire—undoubtedly one of the • mckst useful and honorable in the viorld- - and to raise up a constant supply of well qualified successors, is the work to be done. . . Various modes df e ff ecting this object-firma been 'suggested • or tried; but, after ,Matu.re refleeilon, \ I am led to prefer that.devised by the Aet of liday.2l), - -1847, entitled ." An Act to Pa2 3 -ttining el teachers for the linnii - StWll2illhe State." places, in relationto'lhe state, the teacher on ...the same footing' With the flab bers of such of the ether learned profe.sions as has beet] recog nized ,by public authority; and it is to here. gretted that the prostration of business and. scarcity of money, that so soon followed the • passage ()file act, had the effect of checking ninny laudable efforts to put its proirisions into operation. Under these circumstances, does it not become. the duty of the State to eon' such aid, or at least hold out such in ducements is shall enable this measure to be - - ftirly tested I The passage of a law guaranteeing the pay ment of a moderate sum to one Teacher's School in each of the districts created by the Act of 1857, would no dOubt cause a ma- cient number to establish the efficiency add practicability of the plan, to be completed in a few years> the money nut to be paid t1:1 the sc4aols were in full and approved opera tion. It is not probable that this grant would cause any considerable draft on the treasury; but, even if the twelve schools-should ulti mately be established, the boon would nei ther be out - of proportion to that , which _has been conceded to other literary institutions, nor the number of, graduates beyond the wants of the community. ,Up - to the present time, Pennsylvania has appropriated about $600,000 ir. aid of her colleges and *cede titles, and this mainly in the hope of obtain ing from them' teachers for do common schools. Though the benefits of this ,muuifi. cence have been, in other respects; quite equal to the anoint given, it will be asserted by no ono-that the avowed object has been ..to any considerable extent erected. It would there. fore appear to be time that the aid of the State should be brought directly to ba s er in favor of the great object so long contemplat ed. I have thus , briefly laid before you the con- dition of ourinoble educational system. It will afford' me sincere pleasure to concur in the adoption of these, or any other measures, for its perfection, that the wisdom of the leg . islature mar devise. In this country,, the want of a school which shall combine the elements of leerning and agricultural labor, and thus adapt Rune• the education of, the firmer, has been most-seri ously felt ; for, whilst our many colleges will fill the measure of usefulness in their appro priate sphere, of influence, it must be *toped ed that the training they impart is badly ad- apted tnthe art of practical agriculture. In Pennsylvania that interest is So - iniportant as to demand at all tidies our anxious stun-, Linn, and active support, "Tee Farmers' High School of, Pennsylvassiii,"_ latelypro. jetted end planked by a few public spirited individtfals, and which has received, to some extent, the patronage of the State, - and the contributions of a 'number of our patriotic citizens, is destined to afford a place , where young men may be educated at an expense commensurate with their meani, and to. a condition qualifying them for the , pursult:of, the business of the farm. Here whilst del.', iy occupation will train the body to the abil." ity to labor, and givelo the student the 'en viable feeling that he contributes to his• own support and•education, it willinstsn' et .and enlarge his mind. that It may give fonts and effect tcl all his future shorts. The design of the jertitetion,is to afford, a nig* where ,boyliAllay,be - theroughly educatid in all. the' - urancheitof patinal science, and, at themes time. inured- to the performance (.4 labor ; so that at tbelrgraduation they may , return to, their parents abundantly prepared 40 join the domestic circle. to give • right direction to the business of agriculture, sal their part.in. ev":y_department ilf.llfst. An object so fraught with usefulness is . entitled to, the highest commeridating; - -Um application of , loinotifto principles to the practical purposes at Ilk, hi but realising - =E=MM
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers