ji-vy- vi a."" ' V";"n pj.f -? - L' -t, i - ,.- --- . Tf .- - v-.. i- - , vw-?'--- . -.- jitr-' vi v ' THE LANCASTER DAILY INTELLIGEKOEB, SATURDAY, JULY 6, 1889. ,: IBflWT .-, , V ..; i.t i -"tT-i.1' - ''. ' ' . -' " ' ...'t" -r , - - - -if-ir ,: m n " r-. , I if .'Jr. THE kbWKR OF COLUMBIA -, 1MM.EM OF THB UNITED STATES. ' " ' , tlTfcf Met Mia ThwI of tha MsIm? Or the '. Wtent of the AMCttau Tnllp Trwf h titer riewar Uniting tha Ilia and MtSntt C2 4 AVE we n flower lovelier than the corn tassel nt tliat etnge lien the long yellow strands begin te bend down in graceful curves? And what flew cr mere nppre- nntlenitl emblem of the United States, seeing th.it Indian corn grows In ecry section of tlie great re public, except en the coldest high lands? Whlle the discussion ixt te the proper national flower is in progress let ths malts tassel by no means be forgot ten. An American traveler relates that while In Germany he was tlie guest of u noted German botanist and florist, who 'delighted him with a view of nil tlie Sewers that could bogrenn in that eli minate and of many that required hot house culture. "And new," said the (scientist, "I will sliew you u hat Icon Icen Udcr in many respects the prettiest of kit, and thcrcfore 1 have reserved it te he last I only regret that it is an mi inual and will flower only In the warm W and most sheltered position." lie then guided his guest te a corner of the 'garden where the sun shene strongest upon two stene walls, and in the nngle were two corn stalks in full tassel "ThereP he exclaimed with cnthu itasm; "are they net lovely?" "What, tliatl" said the American; 'why, I can see thousands of acres of that at home any day In tlie season." I Yet the German una right. It Is only familiarity that makes us Ignere the 'loveliness of the corn tassel. Ner de vv e Ignore it altogether. The dullest labeier In the vast fields of the central west will Express admiration of a field of tasscling 'maize. Ge, in August, te the vale of the Miami, the Wabash, the Illinois or oilier western streams, take your stand in rly morning, ere the dew is dried, en me commanding point overlooking les en miles of the yellow malKO, eco it swayed by the brecze, the sea of tas ted tops waving and sparkling in I te jbright morning light, and you will t n (joy a scene which Europeans of culture would travel many miles te see and at iwhlch they would fall Inte raptures True, the lovely season of the corn tassel Is brief, but all beauty Is evanescent. Ter its beauty, its many uses and its extend ed culture the corn tassel is the truly typical American flower. During the Irish famine In 18-17 uime 'cargoes of previsions were shipped from the United Slatet, and unieng them were jssany socks of corn meal. These found their way te various parts of Ireland, ''zf BOSE, BHAUnOCK A.NH TIItbTt-E OF OKKAT DU1TAIN. and the universal question of the peasan try was: "And what is W In their ..hunger they ate seme of it ni it came frbuh the snek-and uuuiv conjectures arose. Seme thought it n sort vf barley peculiar te the New World, etheirf were-' pesitive it was tlie secci of a grant, and 'many thought thebhippcra hail swindled the donors and mingled llnu sawdust (with the original feed whatever It was In many of the sacks were found uhole grains of corn, which peeple planted In their gardens "just te tee w hat it w euld grew like." And when the dark green stalks grew mil and the yellow tns&elH pix-ared, vibiters came tinny miles te see the new plant. It did net "silk" or put forth nn ear the niglits were tee cold, butwhen the Irish of tlie great emigration of 1818-50 arrived in the United States they were all curiosity about tlie new and leely plant, nnd many a western boy of theso dajs can Venieinber his laughter at the wonder of the newly arrived ever tlie great corn fields and their admiration of the tassel ed beauty. TIIK AMK1UCAN TUMP. The western eplar, sometimes called the "American tulip tree" (neither uame it used with scientific exactness), U-.irsa singularly lovely lltmcr, and us the tree is itself a magnificent one, the (lower, with the two annexed and (icculiar leaves, would make as line nn emblem certainly ns de the lilies of France or the roees of England It might Ut urged that the tree Is net common te all sec tions of the republic, but thai U an ob jection that applies te almost cery plant Many people admire the morn ing glory, but it is neither general in growth nor in favor. The sunflower as national emblem must have been sug gested as a joke. Certainly no ojie has yet advanced any geed rcisen for adopt ing it except that, in the form we knew it it is peculiarly American and grows in nearly all sections. Tlie v ielet and daisy have much better icasens in their favor; the former may be cenbidered one extreme, as the sunflower is the ether, undue and un-American modesty against garish prominence and flagrant color. Surely a typical United States Sewer can be found without proceeding te desperate extremes. The Society of American Florists, of which Jehn N. May, of Summit, N. J., Is president, and which w ill held Us fifth annual convention at lluirale en the 80tb, 21st and 22d of August, propesea te discuss this subject fully and decide by ballet It is, thercfore, in order te inquire hew certain flowers became the emblems of ether nations. Twe facts surprise one at the euUet: very few nations have adopted a distinct! ve flower, and of these few the choice of many appear ilJlculeus. It is evident, in ..deed, that they were net deliberately x ela--they came te their place as em- by same accident or local tuner. rf r .. viiwjx 'ni artel us a rtaj.jsjfi j! slf.ipr i lr idF (flNliPv. stitien. What reason, for Instance, can the Welsh glve for adopting the lock? Only this, that from tlme immemorial It lias Iieen se, and new en St David's day every geed Welshman crowns himself with a leek. The thlstle would be aim j THE COllM TASSCU ply ridiculous If adopted by any peeple less brave and practical than the Scotch. And both leek and IhUlIe have been in man) times nnd places proverbially con nected with cxticine poverty and blmlhli tell. Thoresoof England, hew ever, Is his toric. We all knew hew fhe wlilte nnd red roses became the badgesef Yerk and Lancaster In the "Wars of the IJeses," nnd hew, when Henry VII married Klizaltclh of Yerk, the claims of the two houses merged in the Tuder line, and hew the tilery hoen spread abroad that nn enormous rose bush In tlie Wiltshire monastery bere both red nnd white rexa, and Anally mingled the two colors In each rese it pieduced a happy omen of renewed pcace and union. Is llieie net some distincllu'ly American (lower in which the blue and the giay are deli cately mingled? If RiK'hcnn be found or produced It will be the "dais)" we want. Te glve a list of the flowers already suggested would nlmebt amount te mak ing a manual of lotau!e terminology. Noenohasyet proposed the jlmsen or tansy, rhubarb or catnip, nlder, striped grass or fragrant mint, but It would net bosafeto extend this lint far. And be it remembered, we nre net limited te flowers; for Amei leans hae n liewlhhr Ing variety of beautiful le.wes. Feipign crn nrilving hi the northern nnd middle xvestern Males of the Union hi October nre charmed nnd amazed ntthe gorgeous coloring of the weeds the dcliuitu yel low of the maple, the scarlet of the gum and parasitic plnnH nnd the russet brown of the oak mingling in perfect harmony, whlle tha bread thick Icau-a of the hick ory nre still ns green an in June. Historically the inquiry is Of great in terest In ancient Athens thu inlet wiu long nn emblem, but the elive, sacred te Minerva, replaced it The Florentine lepublle took the lily 'I he se called lilies of France, however, nre net lilies, nor In It certain that the original design en the French II ig was meant te lepro lepre scntuny flower. The uveigreen pluu has a sort of German preference, but is net n national emblem. Thu eiiglu of the national shamrock In Ireland is tin known; the story ceuuictliig It with St. Patrick Is quitu medcin As nothing is certainly known about the eiiglu of most of the floral emblems, thcie (a a widontepo for eets, mid oneof them, in Ilarer'H Weekly, gles iij this ml- Ice, which we must pcrforee tnke till we can de better! In crown niul wnl tlie royal ree li bIh Ami syinUil mtil of Kntlainl'ii bOcrelt;iity; OIJ france tier Ixitim-rn IUI.il with tKur lr 1U, Ami ()Tiimn Anc thaku out tlie cuinMencr' Ik-cii. Tim IliUtlu U tlie ScelKinnn'ii kingly (loner, AnJ Irrlwil remlly wove? Iii-rsliainrnck erccn llul In our fliijt no ether Hetter might lmwtn , Ax-'inl'lem of our i;rivtln4 HpkmlUl xhuttcr AU Llisein oil our ntniui-lllr, reiw. Thu tliMl klunirwk, cerullutt rr, tlieiibaiiilj morn Thnt crew frtm stern Al ukn le Riilf (.bere Ami bloom ly iiuly I-aili ur incniiitiiln mieik All fli"tersif iioer tnuuly (lel Ukte4 Te ktce our beumlariwi niul tlirlr .ew illMlesa EX-PliCStbcfTT-OOLSEY. He Win n ltlia Seliuliir, hiiiI llu Hint nt Huhl)-Wulit. Theodeio Dniglit Wixilsey, cx-piei.1-dent of Ynle unherhity, who dlinl io ie ccntly nt the ripe old age of t'8, was Ixirn in New Yerk, Oct. ill, IHOt, and was the houef William Wnlli'i Woelsny, nephew of thelliht presnleut, Dtvight, of Yale, and grntiiUeu of I lev Ik nj niiili Weel ey. tin early graduate of Yale Theodora Dwight Woelhty was gradu ated from Ynlu in lb'10, after which liu read law in I'hiladelphin, mid then for two jc.irs Htudied theology at Princeton. He wns n tutor nt Yale from 1823 te 1835, nnd was licensed te CX. 1IIKBIDKNT WOOLhEV nUnc 1823. He studied for two jeatsin France and Gerni'iuy and spent n ear In Engl ind and Italy. Frem 18:11 te 1810 he was profchser of Greek nl Yale, and pub Ilshed Mjveral works, making a meie cousidenililerontriliution teGieek learn ing than had been made byanyeailier Greek scholar In 18-1'J he assisted in estnblldhlng The New Enl inder, te which he eeutl United eer bixty papers. In 18 f he tisited Athena, and Oct. 21, 1810, he succeeded I'rekident Day, of Yale, liu was glen the degree of LL. D by Webltijiiii in 1817. In 1850 he delivered nil historical address en the one hundred nnd fiftieth nnnli ci-tary of the founding of Ynle, As president, he taught history, political economy and international law In ISOO he puhlibhed n text book en the latlei subject, of which bix editions wire printed and used all ever the United States und in the EnglUh tiuienltles Twe English editions hne been isutd. In 1871, when 70 yearn old, Prnfobsei Woolsey resigned the presidency of Ynlu Subsequently he published tov tev cral volumes of heiuiens mid nlxn n work en "Civil Liberty nnd Self-Gei eminent. He also published "Political Science, or the Statu Theoretically and Pmcticnlly Considered," "CumuiunUau niul Social ism," and many ethtr works. He was also ene of the rev Iters of the New Tes tament, and for many ears a regent of the Smithsonian institution. He was twice married, first in 1833 und second In 1933 William Mooney, of West Plke, Petter county. Pa., h-w a peculiar head of hair When a storm approaches e cry hair in Ids head bt.uiJj out straight, und as he wears his hair ery long he is ijuile a ridiculous bight On that account he ncur leaved the houses when it is cloudy. Scarcity of GulU Dellar. The htlle binning beauties, the single' geld dollars, much cherished by women for rpanglesnnd bracelets, are exceeding ly scaice and hard te obtain, and theso in q'jest of them for patents nre obliged te go te brokers, w he charge from 10 te 0 jkt cent, additional te their nhlu. Fer commercial purjteses the single dol lar geld piece has become almost obso lete. Hut few were coined lust) ear, nnd thus far in 1889 nene luive been coined Dt the Philadelphia mint. Philadelphia Inquirer, THE WONDEKFUL WORTH. STOfllES OF THE MALE MILLINER AND DRESSMAKER i An ArtlU In Ferm, Celer nnd Drapery. I Makts Wntklns llrrM Wlildi Fnael- tintr I lie KniprrM iml Makes Ills for- Inne A SO.OOO IlrrM. llicre is n man In Pnrh who is mero attract I ve te women of dress tlian any ether man living. His uame is Wertli nnd he Is a dressmaker. Why, then, should net Mr. Wertli have tils biography written as well na ether men of distinc tion? What matters it that he Is n ladle i' taller?i Has net Tope said, "Werth makes the man nnd want of it tlie fellow?" Mr. Werth docs better than this; he makes the woman. Charles Frederla Wertli was liern In Ileumc, Lincolnshire, England. Charles was te learn a trade and was appren ticed nt 13 te a printer. Out his artist le fingers wero tee nice le handle tj pc, and he nlMiidenwl th" case and went up te Londen te find cleaner occupation. Thcre he entered a dry goods house, and seen becoming n favorite with tlie firm nnd manifesting geed taste, many of his sug gestions were adopted. Then he went te Paris nnd secured a position In the .Mnisen Uagelin and seen became head 'of n department. Attempting te Intro duce seme of his ew n ideas and failing, he set up for himself. I Defero this Wertli had dene n llttle dressmaking en his own account, since the liouse at which he was employed did 'net mnke dresses. Se the cmploye ac quired many clients nt the imperial court, although the heuse was looked upon ns decidedly Legitimist in charac ter, as It dated from the days of Marie 'Antoinette, mid h id hanging en the walls of ita chief reception room a drawing In India Ink of that queen com ing le shop theioseon after the accession of Ixiuls X VL The plnre was extensive ly patronized by the ladies of the Fnu Fnu lieiirg St (Jcrmain, nnd ene of them in troduced Werth te the Countess de Pour tales, through whose inllucuce he first submitted oue of his creations te the em press. It was a walking dress In gray taffetas, tiimmcdwith black velet ribbons, the Rkiitund jacket made te match, which ,wna then nn entirely new idea, though the style has slnce lrcoine be universal. The empress admired it extremely. "Hut, M. Werth," she said, "I should net like te Ihj seen in public in se novel n costume. I must wait till seme oue clse linn appeared in it, for in my position I ought net te set the fashion. IuiUbtbe content with following It" Se thu Countess Peurtnlcs took the dress, nnd seen after Wertli made ene pieclsely like it for the empress. "My exhibit nt the PhiIh exhibition In 1855," Mr. Werth has said, "was a court train In white inoireaiilhpie, tha ground almost entirely dlmpe,iring under cm cm breidery hi geld thread and pearls, the pattern of which win my own designing. It represented a series of graduated flounces in geld lace, spreading out in the form of a fan, nnd u en nt that epoch (of low prices, when SI00 was considered nn extravagant amount for a lady te pay for n magnificent dre3, was valued nt ,$0,000. 1 "After the clese of the exhibition I took the inantle te the Tuilei les te dis play it by permission te the cinpeier, ns there was then talk of Its U-liig purchased by the blnte te be do de posited In the Conscrvntelrodca Aits ct Metiers. The ompurer gteatly admired - f, !... .. I. If.. 1.- ll, L'lll. tllliu liu wn examining it M H.ici liloeh i, then ene of the iititwrlil ftlirim. tJ-jjO'.'-v'T-'-'liiu laitifl, who i.lMr' r Zi m ....,.... . . ....... was prehcnt, ex claimed. 'Theio weitTll. hils k0lll ,elr. de-lls Introduced into the pattern of the eiuliieidcry.' 'this lemirl; was net alto gether eenect, as the figure was net really a lloiir-de-lis, but, us the style of the wmk was that of i,he uiiiiiiihhince, wiine of the inlerweeti lines of the do de i.ign might li.ie asHuniLd u form net unlike that of the ohnexloits eiublem of the llotirlen dynasty At all cleats, that efieecli put a step te nny project the vmHrer might hae formed of puichas ing the mantle, nnd it was consequently left en my hands." The manufacture of ladies' dresses Is new a line art Werth says that It be caeo se nt the licgiuiiiug of the second empiieiu Fiance. "I hae inade dresses for many lovely women," he lias said, "but the empress was the loveliest of nil." DimbtlebS the beauty of the cos ces cos tume worn by many a fair daine in America today, though construed d in tlie United States, is due te that impulse ghenlhe art by the study and taste of Werth, assisted In its introduction by his ini)eiial patroness. Twe things at the beginning of the em pire combined te glve te femiuine dicss an added importance. One was the in vention of the criiioliue mid the ether was the rage for fancy cestui no balls in Paris Tlie first ene of these entertainments took place nt the heuse of Mine. Taschcr de la Pngcrie, ene of the relatives of the emperor, and was a compaintively small nlfair of an intimate and privnte charac ter. The empress appeared ut it in her Hrst fancy costume, which was furnished by Werth, nnd which was a dress in black tulle and marabeut feathers, representing Night Shogave her own first fancy ball nt the Hetel d'Albe, then en the Champs Illy seej, but long since tern dew n. Fer this entertainment Werth made her an elegant costume, in which she was te have personated Diana. The quh tr w as in silver, and the empress had caused a lortien of the diamonds of the crown te Ik) mounted ns a long garlnud of oak leaves nnd acorns, w hich she w ns te ha e worn Listened transversely across the cer- Sage. Hut the mysterious death of a eung relative of the iaicrial family, who was shot by soma person or persons unknown, prevented her from appearing nt the ball except incognita and shrouded in a plain domino. Werth suttcrs, like nil true nrtlsts, from the kid taste of uiauy of his pa trons. "My life is any thing but a bed of re-ies," he said oue day "What I have te enduie from home women is bimply incredible, w hen it U remcmliered they call themselves 'ladies.' A person jailed in oue day nnd gave nn order, say ing: 'I don't like your taste, Mr. Wertli; I want se and be.' 'Madame,' I replied, 'you can have what you want, but I am quitobure if 1 had your taste I shouldn't have any customers.' She didn't mind that sarcasm, bhe didn't understand it What de women coiue te me for, if they don't like my btyle? That's what they ay for Why don't they make their own dicttseri, If they knew te much nbeut it? Anether lady said: 'Yeu make my cetisin's dresses, and I don't approve of them, Mr Werth." 'Neither de I, madame,' I unsw ered. 'If your cousin likes colors mixed up, I can't help it. If you have n mero cultivated eye than our cousin. I coucratulate reu,,M fts.ris.ss .flkr?i 7't. BViaBiBBBWrASWBk T- Ii'JrfJT.VSVTl'!! Jlf." -l - - Tlie room wliere Werth works Is a large, well lighted apartment nnd con tains eight mirrors, se that the wliole wall Kpace letwoen the windows is en tirely coveted with looking glass. This is nil Its furtiiture except a table, a steel nnd a big basket en three legs, filled te the brim with loeso pins. With these tools and a pretty girl Werth evolves hi masterpieces. Ne dresses are made here, hi when he wishes te study effect and mnke definite seme vague conception floating in his Lrnin, he calls for the girl hired for this purjxe and It Is an abso lute requisite that the woman applying for this position shall be pretty and graceful and she promptly mounts the steel. There she stands for hours, clothed in the most perfect of corsets of course and a low necked, short sleeved waist of white China silk, with a plain, rather Beaut skirt of tlie same, which falls ever a modcrnle sired toutnure. She stands motionless w hile the great dress maker plus Btuffs of nil sorts upon her, trying effects nnd getting suggestions. Semttimcs she Is enveloped in clouds of tulle or vapory gnii7c, whiUj the man milliner works out his idea for ti debut gown for a royal princess, or bhe stands nmid sweeping folds of fcJitln nnd velvet that will finally beceme the court diess of n dowager duchess or of tlie vvife of nn American erk packer. When he ban the mood for composing iimmi him, Welth is II i cleus nnd some times exhausts three poseurs Lefeie he has m( foiled hlmseir. The girl will drop with fatigue nnd is rapidly replaced by a flesh one, se that the work of t-ompe-sitiou may goon. And se it was that ene who would deublless have made a bad printer left "tlie art preservative of nil art" te cm brace the art decerative of that most beautiful of nil creations, a beautiful woman. And this was fortunate. Thcre nre n great many Dr. Franklins nt the press, but thore is only ene Wertli te design his uxqulsltu costumes for women. A PRINCESS DETROTHED. Una of tlie DatiKlitrn of the t'rlnce et Viilr te .tlnrry the Karl of rife. Ills royal highness Albert Edward, Prince of Wales nnd heir apparent te the Pirltlsh crown, baa pleased his peeple nnd nstenUhcd many persons by decid ing that his daughters shall marry I'ng llslmicn if nuy cligibles can be found, Thcre is Heme criticism because lie has betrothed Piincess Lotiise(or censented te Iter betrothal) te n man ns old as her father; but ns the princess herself is ef fusively glad of the choice and expresses Iter feelings quite charmingly, nnd ev cry body knew s thcre is no compulsion in the matter, thcre is no occasion for regtets or sympathies en this side of the water. The prince, ns every ene knows, Is the bccend child of her gracious majesty the queen, und wns born Nev, 0, 1811, nnd was niatried March 10, 1S03, te Princes;) Alexandra, eldest daughter of King Christian IX, of Denmark. Iler bister Is the w ife of the present czar of Russia, which justifies tlie title given her mother of being tlie most success ful matchmaker in Fauepe. Thu Prince of Wales nnd Alexandra have flve chil dren: Allictt Victer, bein Jan. 8, 1801; (Jeorge, June, 3, 18C3; Louise, Feb. 20, 1807; Alex andra, July 0, 18G9, anil Maud, Nev. 20, lbCO. It was long sup sup sup poned IhatAlliert Victer (w he is t ci tain te be king if he lives nnd may s it e e e e d Queen Vieleiia) vviih te marry his HeOOIHl COUHlll, Vril J s ""Ss. Victeria, of tier- tf ' many, hut it new ,,INCIJ)3 U)UIbr. trniiHpues that his father thinks it time te put an end te theso Ueruiaii alliances. Heuce tlie in teiest in the maiiiagoef lxiuise, eldest daughter of the Piineoef Wales. Hear hi mind (hat (he n iguliig family of laiglaud is only "Fnghsh" inthosanie sense that se many New Yolk nldermeu in i "AiiU'iieans" tint is, they Ii.'ivoIk) Ii.'iveIk) Ii.'ivoIk) cemo naturalized und taken the oath of olllce. 'lhefiisl two Geerges were em phitically (iciiuaii, and subsequent in termnrri'iges leave the piince with se httle Ilntish bleed in his veins thai "Ne heialdiy 1 la I vey could ever succeed in finding the ciicul.itien." The mnriiagoef Ids daughter te the Uiilef 1 'ife will de iiiote te thoroughly Anglicize the family tlian any piovieus ulllauce. The e.ul is nineteen yeais elder than (he girl he Is te in my, ami was a Umu companion of hci fathei, the prince, In thoe days when the latter was sow sew ing hm wild eats,. but his bleed U cem bali und he has geld galoie an Income of $MX),000 a year. Hla family as a neble oue dates back te 1 10 1. In fact, ns every rcidei of F.nghsh histety knows, the names of Fife mid Macduff have been noted in the neith of the island from the veiy beginning of modern civilization. The present call was Viscount Macduff in Ins early years, but it is nlready an nounced that her gracious majesty will make him a dtike if it is necessary te settle questions of pixtedence. It is necessaiy te say ngie.it deal aleut the earl heiMtise thcre is le.illy very It 1 1 le te bay about the princess. The daughters of the Ptinee of Wales are net nt all licautiful in the accepted sense, but they have very pleasing, innocent fnccu. Some Louden writers have essayed te compliment tlie biide expectant by saying that when she rides with her grandmother the queen in the park the tesemblance between them Is'veiy maiked. Aineiicans will accept the statement of fact nnd reserve their opinion ns te the "compliment." Tlie bridegroom expectant has taken pains te announce that he "would scorn te nsk parliament te make a settlement" en the princess; but Lord Salisbury inti mates that as a matter of precedent it must be done. As her majesty lias twenty -Unco grandchildren yet uiipro uiipre v ided for this is a serious subject. Cilrauet! Treiu Many Source. Te pieservecut (low era put a pinch of uitrate of soda in the wntci. Te pieserve fresh fruit in perfect con dition, w rap il in tissue paper soaked in a solution of sahcy he acid and dried. Hxpert eichardists sum te be in favor of plowing ercliauls every yeai, nnd giv ing blialh'w cultivation rather than al low iug them t be in gms3 Paint the blai U knots en plum trees with turpentine or liusied oil us fast ns these nppeai At the Michigan experiment station In experiments vvitli beans, en tandy boil, the gieati'sl pei cent of germination came from planting three-quarters of an Inch deep ululetliue .uul four inches deep gave a iiuieh hiwn germinating rata At the tml ! tuintt days tlie gleuth f I eki lliu l.illi-r was loin tilUCSOJ gic.it us liuin the shallow plautllij, M.J. M. Iiftnoiue, the Canadian author, has been writing en nn nvernge of one book n year for thirty years and has dipped hl inditstiie'is pen impartially into both Ficiic'l and Iaigliale 0? eM ife-i.l.A Ml'ID MAIL TIUMSIT. SPECULATING A3 TO P03SIBLE IM PROVEMENTS IN THE SERVICE. A Byntem of Fast Trains Runnier; treaa Met Yerk and Point Seuth sad Beatm and TeInU North te tha West sad What It Could Ve. (BprcUt Ourrcnpendcnce.1 AVAsniNOTON, July 3. One of the signs bf the times is a certainty of the coming, in the near future, of mera rapid transit et the public mails. Men who have given this subject cltee attention declare tbe telegraph can nevcr be made te superscde tbe mail, except for pressing business corrcHitendcncc, and that fast inalls elfcr and will continue te efTcr the greatest benefit te tlie greatest number. JPestal telegraphy is as yet net much biore tangible than a dream, and while engineers and all who stand en thoeh- krvnt Ien towers of progress are able te e that the electrical inventors are sure te bring us from their Pandora's box a Railway train like that designed and built by Mr. Wcems, of Baltimore, trav eling two hundred or tuore miles an hour, for the present nil improvements in the 'dispatch of the public mails must be Cnde upon existing railways. Tlie fast mall train, be called, new run tween New Yerk and Chicago is a farce. It practically expedites nothing. it leaves New Yerk city nt 0 o'clock in he evculng, nt least four hours later than thcre is nny excuse for, nnd six hours later than would Iks necessary If 'ihe business community were given no ne no tice of an earlier dcpirture. This "fast mall" train uses nearly twciity-nine hours in making tlie run from New Yerk te Chicago, arriving in the latter city at tlie hbsurd hour of 13:35 in the morning. The speed made hi alieut the samens that bf a number of tegular trains en several 'reads. Fer a ppcci.il train, running with out atop or hindrance, it Is really a very slew schedule The mail it takes from the east for Chicago stands in the Kicks till next morning, when it is asserted nnd delh ered. Se far as Chicago is con periled, the train might just ns well ar ar rivesix bourn later. As In New Yerk business men de net vvrite letters at 7 or fi In thu evening, se in Chicago they nre net en hand te rcccive mail at 3 or 3 in the morning. I Sorvice te the west from Chicago Is expedited only by menus of special ti.tina leaving Chicago nt 3 a. m. nnd nrrivlng iit tlie chief tci initial peinta Omaha, St, I'nul nnd Minneapolis se late in tlie nfternoen that the delivery, even though promptly made from tlie train itself, is of littlu value te the business commu nity. Fer nene of tliese trains does the government pay any thing mero than the regular rate per Ien of malls p lid nil reads. At present the New Yerk, llroeklyn or Philadelphia business man .who en Monday writes a letter te ti Chi Chi jpage coiicspetidcutdocs be with the con sciousness tint his missive will net i each its destination till Wednesday, und that if tlie letter benusweted thosameday Iho will net receive the tcply till Friday, Tills 13 loe slew for the times aud the country. I Chief Bell, of the railway mail serv ice, thinks it posslble te arrange a fast ! mail train that will taue letters written in New Yerk duiiuc business hours of 'ene day nnd deliver them In Chicago dining husiucsa benis of the uext day. .liven lSosteii and pretty much nil New L'ngland can be brought Inte the samd ever night "service between cast and j'vvest If Chief Bell succeeds in accom plishing this he will create thegieateat fast mall tiain ever known in this or 'any ether country, oue which will bland es pcifectieu till tlie W veins or seme ether clectiie railway supplants It. i A gieat bhare of mercantile telegraph ing i3 dene by "night messages," which ie cheaper than day messages. If nt 1 lo'cleck hi the nfternoen a New Yerk Liicichaut bends a telegram ten maim Eactuicr in Chicago, it will net be dch Vred till the net foicneon. It bceuia nl nl )mest iuciedible that n fast mail tialn could be in ranged te give by jxist bull Mautially the same service ns is alTerdcd by, a night w lie, but it is possibleuud ivv ill seme day be dene, 1 Iho fastest trains between Nuvv Yetk nnd Chicago new make the jeniney in Itwenty live hours. Tliese me the "Inn jlted" tiaiiis, en which an extra faie ii vh.tigcd. doing vvest they gain tin (hour's tinie.it Pittsbuig, and theiefeia '.reach Chicago in an apparent tunning tiuie of ivv enty -four hours. These trains 'are net reuiaikably fast, their schedule.) calling for alieut forty miles an hour. ITIiey are rarely late, even in winter. If (from any can se they leso an hour or two (en ene part of the journey, the Iesm ii jusu illy mndu up en another part I One recent Sunday the Pennsylvania limited tan from Fert W.iyue te Chica go, 118 miles, in tluee hours nnd ten minutes, carrying tlve heavy vestihule icars Lluven steps were made en route, maitiiiL' the actual tunning time two .benis and feity minutes, or nn nvo nve nvo rage speed of fifty-live miles an hour. 'Thcre nre Lister trains than these limited expresses Fer y ears the Baltlmore and .Ohie has run regular trains from Haiti Haiti mete te Washington, forty miles, nnd iwith two yards te traversent slew speed, in ferty-live minutes. Tlie trip has been made in forty minutes. Trains of the ,saine read regularly make fifty miles nn hour between Philadelphia nnd Washing ton The Pennsylvania runs many reg ular trains between New Yerk nnd Phil adelphia, ninety miles, in two hours or less, In llnghud n large number of reg 'ular trains travel from fifty te flfty-five miles nn hour, eoine of them en long journey s. Very List tlme cannot be made en e read vv ith many steep grades in its track. I I Fast time cannot be made witii heavy 'trains of six or eight cars, particularly ii they nre sleeping cars, w hich w eigb 'nearly tvv ice as much as ordinary coach es. Fast time cannot be made with fre quent steps at stations or grade crossings. I Between New Yerk and Chicago a train must ttep forty times in pursuance el the state laws, which require full halt! before cruising the tracks of ether readi Tliese 6teps tepresent a Iecs of neatly three hours' tune. When ence stepped a List tiain cannot regain its full speed iu less than four or tiv u minutes. Thore U no geed icaseu why fast United States special mail trams should Ik stepped for tracks at grade There would be no risk of accident in closing gates or signals against the trains of intersecting reads, leaving the Facial mail free tight of fvny. If it wete net for these unneces sary stepi u fast mail train could run from New Yerk te Chicago between 3 in tlie nfternoen and 10 next metiiiug Thcre nie but two reads en which it would be jiossible tenina fast mail tiain te the vvest The Neuv Yerk Central and Like Shere nre longer than the IVniisy I vuula, 0b0 miles by the former te 012 by the latter, but the neitliern route has gieater track capacity , easier gradients nnd fewer curves The great fast mail of the near future will use Imth toads. Say the train U te leave New Yerk by the Peunsy lv ania at il p. m. Ilvei y body knows the hour, and all letter writing I arranged te meet the conditions, just as business men and bankers arrange thcit fiscal matters for the i burins heuse bout of noeu. Correspeiidenco clerks get oil tneir western maif immediately aftci luncheon. i There is a special collection In the business district Brooklyn sends evel several sackB of letters. All the western mail from cities surrounding New Yerk, manufacturing New Jersey and Connec ticut, is bunched en this train, which consists, pcrhnpi, of three specially built mall care. At C o'clock the train leaves Philadelphia after taking en a car con taining all of the day's vv cstern mail from that city nnd tributary towns. At liar risburgf 103 miles away, another car it waiting, This had left Washington al 4 o'clock and B.iltlmore at 5 with the (day's mail from theso two great cities, andiwith all that had reached them from adjacent towns and the Seuth Atlantic coast New tlie conielldnlcd train, having fifty tens of mall and if necessary thirty clerks nnd porters te distribute and man man age it starts en its flying journey te the west Harrlsburg is left nt 7:30 and iPittsburg, 219 miles west, is readied ul 1:25 a. m. Here the country begins te 'broaden, nnd the question is hew such widely divergent cities as Cleveland, De troit, Cincinnati and Louisville nre te bt served, as well as the central belt rcpro rcpre Ecntcd by Columbus, Indianapolis nnd Chicago. f After taking from Pittsburg nnd sur rounding country late night mail for the twcst, the special runs te Alliance, eighty four miles, by 2:30. Cleveland, en the gtent lake belt of cities, is but fifty-seven .miles away. All mail matter for thesi northern points lias by this time been placed in a single car, nnd this Is nb tached te a special cngine or te thercgu lar night express for Cleveland, reaching tlie latter city befere 5 o'clock in the morning, giving early delivery thcre and making connection vvitli nil regulat morning trains cast,west nnd south, sup ply ing all northeastern Ohie as morning trains from Pittsburg supply all eastern and central Ohie. But according te the plan this Is net tthe only fast mail arriving in Cleveland in the early morning. Bosten, northern 'and central New England nnd New Yerk 'state must be taken care of. The New England flyer Ieavc3 Bosten at neon, taking all forenoon accumulation from the surrounding ceuntty and tlie mer chants of the Huh dispatching theil western correspondence early in the day te suit the conditions. Letters written early in tlie day in nil the chief New England cities Providence, Worcester, Springfield, Salem, Lewell, etc. cat reach tills train nt Bosten or points far ther west At 5 in the evening the flyct is nt Alabany, und tlicnce en takes ur tlie day's mail from all central New Yerk cities Utlca, Syracuse, Kechestci and their liundieds of connecting pelntt and reaches Buffalo n little befere mid night and Clev eland at 3 in the morning Here, then, the two currents of flyiii Intelligence, ene from New Yerk and at far south as Richmond, nnd the 'ethei from Bosten nnd as far north ns Maine first meets Teledo, Detroit, nerthvvestcri Ohie nnd northern Michigan, aud theil many connections nie supplied early it the day by regular mail trains. But the Bosten train has brought ent or two car lead3 of mail for far western nnd southwestern points. Why net rut the train through te Chicago? Simply because thcre is nn easier nnd less expen b'ive way te accomplish tills result Wt have left our Pennsylvania special a Alliance nt the hour of 2:30 a. in. Tin 105 miles toCicstliueit run3 by 5 o'clock or bhertly after, and it finds awaiting I thcre what? Why, the ene or two can of New England uud central New Yerk mail brought by the ether train. Freu Clev eland te Crestline via the Bce Lin, read it is only beventy-six miles, nnd t two horns' special run has brought tin northern mail hither. New that the junction Is made nil be comes easy. The Pennsylvania train give. the Bce Line special a car containing Ciu cinnati and beiithvve.it matter; the Bc Liuogiveslhe Pennsylvania itsoneortwt cars of mail from thoneith Together, at C:15er 5:30 iu the morning, they steam away. The Bee Line tiain e.uly seivei Columbus nnd nil connections by regula. meiniiig trains, ns well as the iuipertau cities of Sptiugileld and Dayton Cin cinnati and connections (including regu lar trains south teTeiinessie, Alabama New Oilcans, etc.) nie i cached by 0.3( in the morning, nnd Ixiuisville and ill important connection.) ut 1 in the after noeu Ner is this all The Bee Line carries t special te Indianapolis by 10:15, givinp early tlelivcry thcre and sending m.u ever the fifteen railways entering the. city. A fast train by the Vandalia reaches St Leuis at 4 in the nfternoen or a little nftcr, giving n delivery thcre diiriuj business heura of letters written durinj business benis of the previeus day in f.u nwny Bosten, Pi evidence, and Hich lueud, Va. At St, Leuis connection! nre made with all regular uvmilng train for the w est und eeuthvv est. Leaving Crestliuu a little uftei fio'clecl in the morning, tlie great fiu.t mail ha 275 milts te run te Chicago. All aleii it tosses off mail for thriv lug tow ns and their taiiwny connections, and finally tells into Chicago nt high neon. All the Chicago mail liei no by it hi already did ttibuted by carrier routes, and half n hundred or mure can icrs seize tlie bun dles and coin ey them te counting room and olllce befere 1 o'clock. By 3 o'clock ,tliere is u similar delivery in Milwaukee. Te tlie great vv est and nerthvv est the cur rents of intelligence nre sent by regular trains. St. Paul, Minneapolis, Omaha nnd Kansas City nie all reached eaily next morning, twelve te twenty-four hours earlier than fmmcrly. A whole Jay is 6.1V ed en the journey te thu Pacific coast Fer such a fast mail 'scrv Ice as this would be required a train specially built, steam heated, lighted by electricity, and prev ided vv itli nil labor sav ing devices. Fer Buch speed and berv ice the railw ay a would nsk and deserve mero compensa tion than the statutory pound rates. But what would a few hundred thousand dollars a y ear count against the almost incenceivable advantages of an evct night mail between Bosten, New Y'erk, Philadelphia and Washington in the cast, nnd Cincinnati, St. Leuis, Chicago and Milwaukee iu the vv est? Would it net be wertli n geed many hundred thousand dollars te have millions upon millions el letters and pipcis carried te their desti nation mero tapidly than ever befere te have the circulation in all the count less postal artei ies and veins quickened aud bticiigthcued? Waltkk Wellm.vj. IjijciIuc Keio lliulies. A writer iu Vtck's Heral Monthly says: 1 have found the lay cring method ene of the best for increasing the plants. Sly way is te take a sheet of young weed, make an incision in the bark of the un der tide, crack up gently without injury te the bark en the upjicr slde and peg into a tin can prev ieusly prepared by having the bottom melted out, the can i everbed vv itli the loeo lid for a bottom. A slot being cut in the top an inch and a half long, bait ever, then filled vvitli proper soil and sunk immediately under the sheet te be pegged down, the sheet enteiing the opening made in the side of tlie can. July U a geed time for this, lty fall the sheet will be well rooted and can then be cut loeso from tlie parent pinut, and lifted out in the can without tlistui bance. I rarely fail in this manner of ptcpagating. Crauclcr' t5tlbc. X. In ellfct from Jlny i i, ivy. ruI.nf.lMAY,,t ,.'A!",A"TrK 'd leave ami ar rive ntl'nlladclplila iw fellow! tieaVB- . WCSTWAIW. Van lie lix,tii.x ,... News Express!-... VHV I'ASNPIIrrfrf limit n rtilliinlr.lilaJ lnrtcr ii-aj p. in. 4:00 h. tn. 4..TOn. tn. 7:00 n. m. 1S3 n. in. .- n. ni. IUW a. m ;il n. m J a. m Malltr.-ilnvlaMCJerl vis Oelumuln S r1 n. in. via Columbia 11-VIk. m. NincarH Kxirfu llrtlllTA((01ll.. rut t.liict Frcdirlck Arrom...... Iinrnlcr.crtim.. llHirlMHtrc Aittmi . iIiiiiiIjI i Arcrmi. .. llnrrliOiurK l;xinwe Wikteru l,xiiTist.,. l-aneavterArcu 10-v n. r ll-rn n. is 2-fl p. m. ile ii. m. 1JH p. in. 5. p. in. 7.i p. in. 74) ii. in. rln Columbia VUMUJerH ill . in. 4 M . in. 531 p. 111. U'JI . tn. 11:10 p. in. e-u" p. m. Ar.CnUjn Arrlvs I'lille. K3S n. m. KJO n. in. le'fln. iu 1030 a. in. lsMUey. 11. j h. ni. lrTi p. tn. 8-15 p. III. 0-1.5 p. III. 5 15 p. m. tun p. m. .." p. 111. 10J5 p. ni. Ieave Ijincnutfr. ii-iil n. m. tain. ui. (1 15 n. tn 8.10 n. m. l5. m. fl-ni a. m. ll:Vin. tn. 11L.V) p. in. ;l Vi ji. in. 3-en ii. m. I.li . ni. fi 15 p. ni. K..56 p. m. KAHTWAnil. I'hlln. ExprcKKt-.... Kiiil,ln. ; Lancnitf r Acce . liarrllnirjr Kxprenn , I jinrn.iltr Acrem... Culumbln Arrom...... Atlantic Kxprcjif rk-alnri Kxprexn.,. riilHdulnhln Accein Kuiulny Mnll . IMJ' KxpreMf . Iliirrikliurir Acrtnn.., Mnll Irnlnf M...., IThn only I rutin vrhtcli run dally. On Hiindny the Mnll train went runby way Celuinhln. J. It. WOOD, Cleuernl I'awetiRcr Agent. CHAH. K. fUOIf, neneml Malinger. TjHILADKLPHIA ItKAIMN'aRAILHOAU nKADINCJ & COLUMUIA DIVISION. On nnd uHcr Monday, July 1, 18S1, trains leave Laiimsler (Klne Mtfctl.ns follews: Fer Iti.ailliiB nnd Intermediate points, wk itnj i, 7 TO n. iu., 1J.15, J. 18 p. in.; Sunday, 8-10 a ni.iil.55p. m. Vl'iillmlclnlilii, wfvkdnjn, 7.30 n. m., l'J.3e, 5 H p. m.; riiindn , 355 p. in. rerNrw erk ln Philadelphia, week days, 7, n. ni KM, -l 18 p. in. . . Ker New 'ierk via Atlcntevvn, week dajs 12 Vt p. m. KiirAllentewn, week dnjn, 7.30 n. m., 1.p tn. ; Himdny, 3 55 p. m. Ter l'etlHVllle. week dnvs. 7.30a. tn.,3 IS p. m.. .Sundiiy,3J5p. ni. .,. . . ter Lebanon, week Aa 7:00 B. in., 12.33, 5 10 p. in.; Sunday, 8-Oa it. in, a tj p. in. Ker UnrrlKbiirK, vreck dnjK, 7.-00 n. m,I2 3j, 5 10 p. in.; Hiuiilay, 8.-05 n. in. Kerejunrryvlllc, week dnjs, 0-25 n. ra., 20, 8.10 p. nt.; Hunday.B 10 p. in. JltAtNH JOH LANOASTKU. lrna ItcnilliiK, werk dnjs. 720, 1155a. m., Ii 55 p. in. : Siindny, 7-20 n. in.; 3 10 p. ni. Unve rhlliidclphlii, week days, 4 13, 10-OOa. ill., 4-00 p. in. . . lave New Yerk via I'lillndclphln.wcekda), 7:15 n. ni., I:J0, 12-en p.m. Inve New Yerk vln AUciilewn, week dnjs lOOn. in., ItlOp. in. I,cnc.Vlcnlevn, week dns, SS2 n.m.; 40 p. in. lnve rettsvllle, week dnjs, 550 a. in., 4.3 p. in. U-avn liTbnnen, vipek days, 7.12 a. in., 12 30 7 15 p. in. : Hunday, 7.iV n. in., 3 15 p. in. Lenvn HnrrliburB, vtcckdnjd, 6 2in. ni.; Kun dav, 0.50 n.m. Ixnve llunrryv lllr, week d-iys, 0 10, ll.lj a. m.t 1 1, IM p. in. ; Himdny, 7:10 n. in. Al LANTIOC1TY DIVISION. Ixnve I'lilliidtlplila. Clicf-timt street wharf, niul Seuth sin tl wharf. Ker Atlnutle Ultv, week dnvn, eprri'e, Hen. iii.nnd l-00iiiul.5 00p.in.:Aceomiiietlntlon, 7- m n. in. niut 4 30 p. in. ; Sunday, express, 8 00 IlldOUOn. III., AccoinniedHtloii, 8 00 n. in., i.X p. in. Ketiirnlnclenve Atlantic City, depot rerner, Atliiiillennd ArkniinnsAveiuie. Wcekilnjie i;xptM7-eilniid lO.Un. in. unit 1 p.m. Aectiiu Aectiiu iiiediiliiin.siriH. in. nnd 4.) p. in. HiiniljjK i:xprc-!, 4 nnd 5 0 p. in. Accommodation, 7.30 ii. in. nnd 1115 p. in. Iictnllcil time liibli s con Ira obtained nt ticket OlliCCH. . ,. Ml l.i:OD, C. O. HANCOCK. Vice run. A cien l Jt'cr. tictrt rawran. L KIIANON A 1. ANCASTKlt JOINT LINK IIA11.ILOA1). Arnincciiibutsiif lWeiiiter Trains en nnd utter SUNOAY, May 12, 18S9. NOKTIIWAItD. liTnva A. M. I-. M. KlncHticet, Lanc 7.nl 125 IjiiHiiilcr 7 07 12 II Miililielm 7.31 131 Cornwall. ... 7.50 1.10 Sunday. V. M. A. M. M. ft 10 8 U5 6 VI 8.1 1 fiiSl R 15 I) IS 0.17 a ,v 4-M 4 i.3 5-01 Arrive at l,i luiiiim . . - fi 11 1 38 7.00 9 32 5 15 bUUlHVV AHll. Icave a.m. r. M. I'. M. A. M. V. r. Lebanon 7 U 12 a CernwiiU .. 7.27 12.15 Mitumlm' 7.58 110 Ijmcastcr 8.27 1JJ2 Arrlvunl Klin: Street. I .inc. 8.35 200 7.15 7T.5 .) 15 4 00 130 5-02 510 7 '91 h 10 7 57 8 10 8.-23 11.12 8 30 PJ0 A. M. Vll.ON,riipl S. S. NKFr.hiipl. C. I It. AC. ItnllriMd. I. It. iUiucvi. I'mi.ADKi.i'iiiA, February HI, 18S!). I.MI'KltlL AX1) HOVAL AUKTUO 1 1 VXCiA HI AX COXSULATK. Aeeeiiling te the InitriietleiH of the Iteyul lliingarinii Mini-try for Agileul tui'e, Industry und Ceiiiinerec in iluda IW tetli'H lmpei iiilitnil lloy-iilieiiHiihito it U lieieby uiuleil te that the Ibijzil llilligaiian (ieverninent wine lellaiH nt lliida-l'et wi'ieesLililMiitl by the IIuii gaiian (Jeveiiiinelit, Kebrtiary 1, 1SW.', ami that tlieestiiblKliiiifiillsfcliiee under llllltllll el r-'llll lllillHtl.V. The stliis of llit'he vv nie lellarsis toHiip teHiip ply the vverld'rt niarKeth with the best vv inert pimliieed in Hungary, fieu from any adultei.illen. Mr. II 13. M.iyninUer, ngent of Lan cmkIit, Tn., lias by the tJeveriinient's geueial agents of Xeitli Aiuetie.i Ih-cii appointed agent for LanenHler for Iho s iltnf theM' wine-', which nre betthd in Huiln-l'fit.iiiiderthei-iiperv Mini efth lliingaritili Cieveinmeiit, und lienr the eiigmal protective Libel of the Hoyal lliingtiriaii Ministry ler Agrietiltine nu the bottles. LOUIS WKSTKIIOAAHD, Iuiic-rinl niul.lleynl Censul of Autii Jliiugary. hi. A I.. , a it. ui'Mi. teNsui.vrr, Ai.rini.' v., pv. Rummer JU'oevto. ST. CILItI.l. ATLANTIC CITY, Occuuniul Delaware Avenue, vi 111 eix-n Tnuics u vv,. Htm. 1.11 h. luj-22 .'mil JONAH WOOT1 ON, Jit. IIOILLNOItMANIUK. 1 MLAMIC CITY. NUW'Ol'KN. UnitirNew Mini iReiuent T. C. OILI.irn K, rmprleter. Iite of Cotennde Hetel, l'lill.ut lptila. mtV,lnul II rorKLcinrrweoni-- Alli-VNIIC CITY. N. I. Id medi led. Heliirnlliet. itii'iitK. Annl's rirt Cl.isk IO Slet plii Vikirt- Appt's l'lrt Cl.isk. Will h ii SL1 jniiil Jiiul MIIS. M.W ClrKUOHKlt. rillll. H.OKII1A, AILVNTIC lll'Y Clielce. rciitrnl liM-nlleii. I'm i tie Avenue, bo be tttet'ii N. . A Ic-iineMi; Ave-.. Flrfctn ln liiiusc IUmsuii iblL ruti'e Ope n nil the vi ur 1A VI-, A 1IKOWNI1 ui-Sl-.'iitil ejl 'lOtKION IIOTF.L n CVI'K M VY. N.J. Ol'LNH J I'M: 15. HMUs.w ANllfll'l.U V.W hn I il r.iti b tin wii k.iiiiintli erM-a-iu N-l .iiiili'l,reiiiileliliiiiil iiuprnxed, fKl.Ull iin led. New 1UI1 and Ainuu-iiitiit Keiiiii. I'hihtreci'K New Illnlii-;. Hall mid l'l -v ItiKims. Culxlne nnd nrvhe llrat-cln-. I.le iriiiit iiilt with parlor, Uitli luntihwt. Or elietrn iifeleen piifes. liivn iwt taken. r.'lilllO. WAL'ION, I'rciprlekir. TUSliPJONESACO., Miuuirnrtiircn CONFIXTIONEns KINK l'M'I II l!OXI. Tim inet iK-nutimi line 111 the United Hate. H5 temmcrwSt., riilladcl plita, Pa. Write ferilefrlpllve pike lUt. Juucl-78let .A? tljfe-iit6i4fai3lS.u. --ta.A, J ffj . w "n- c-ijl I . -va. -&"? -4j- 'tj..fc-vfrM'teis.feaiJ
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers