d West By ELMO SCOTT WATSON On Christmas day In 1809, an under-sized, bandy-legged, blue-eyed boy the world squalling lustily with an un- controlled excitement which no later adventure could arouse in him. Small, bandy-legged, blue-eyed, and haired he remained to the end days, and to this unimpressive ance the sun added freckles. Yet this boy, typically backwoods as he was, and apparently no different from other lads of his family and community, to exhibit such character, display competence, and achieve such distinguish few other lone in history. the morning, tow-headed, sped into sandy - of his appear- was such fame as adventurers HUS begins the saga of a great American frontiers man, as recorded in a book, “Kit Carson—The Happy Warrior of the Old West," recently pub lished by Houghton Mif lin company, The author is Stanley Vestal, other- Walter Stanley Campbell, a professor of English at University 1 and a man who has had an unusual opportunity to write the final word in a Kit Carson biography. For, as he says | he preface, “1 am famil ountry Kit ounthwest id Hey wise the of Oklahom: ar with ribes Aor those original sources of mg terial lists such per Bent, son ol. W Owl Woman, Keeper of the C rows; Left Hand, Ons as the heyenne Medicine Ar. Washee, Watan and Watonga of the Arapaho Indians and Wolf Chief, Burnt All Over, Roman Nose Thunder, Edmond Guerrier of the Cheyennes. In addition to these and his stepfather, James Robert Campbell, who served on the staff of Bancroft, the historian, and spent much of his time in making investiga tions in the Southwest, the author of this book has made use of the re searches of such historians as George }ird Grinnell, Edwin IL. Sabin, H. M. Chitteneden, R., L. Thwaltes and Blanche C. Grant, who last year pub lished for the first time Cs memoirs. . As one of the “Big Four of the American Frontier"—the other three are Daniel Boone, Davy Crockett ang Sam Houston—Kit Carson has been much-written ahout. But as Mr. Ves. tal points out “Kit's first biographers made him out a striking but unac- countable hero, They placed him In a spotlight which threw all the back ground of his age in shadow, repre genting him as at once blameless and colorless, The effect was to make,the man incredible, and to leave the read er with a hunch that the evidence had been doctored. To make matters worse, the Western Hero became com- mercialized, and the country was flooded with showmen, who—for n congideration—posed and postured and made of the Old West a cheap bur. Jesque. This sickening spectacle made us nll more skeptical than ever, and Kit Carson seemed about to go the way of the ‘noble Red man’ In popular favor. For there was no readable ‘Life’ to relate the man to the charac: ter of the times he lived In, no ered- and g gran of Ireon’'s own m 3 we ST woumrs ° on ible account of the typical product of that herole age when trick cowboys and professional humans were as yet unknown. . . . As research mops up the corners and corrects the errors of the earlier of his career, it is more and more clear that the legend needs rechecking, . . . It is time to retell the adventures of this great little man.” And that done—retold accounts Mr. Carson's Vestal has Kit adventures and projected the action of the epi. story against an authentic background of the Old West in which Kit C In the first chapter an interpretation of Kit C man and the frontiersman, sums him up as follows: is what Arson. offers arson, the whic h lived. he Dispassionate com onstrate how worthy even with the best of Kit C the wil parison he leger af rans ry heroes through Medl- Ody arson’s endless jours “ the fabled make wanderings derness seus a gtay- cheapened of a no outiaw, the into that expeditions, i ures of sort, making ¥ actor stage 3 3 ¥ ® went its tern later Lit was ariatan, 10 int Only 5 him ROTAy uiness of yout} of “8 meries rees, battles, every on the heroic age ever and roaring way to law and civilization. He looked his part go little that on one occasion so on the Oregon Trail, hav- paused to stare at the famous went back to their wagons, hooting and laughing, too gmart to be hoaxed by those who had pointed ont hat ingignificant-looking little man When fame could no longer be de. nied, the myth-makers went to work They piled their legends about Kit until the man himself is hardly seen They concealed and ignored the wild deeds of his youth, though he killed more men than Rilly the Kid: they sald nothing of his adventures with women, though he is known to have married tHree times, and twice with- out the blessing of the church. Not knowing how to present such a man, they manufactured a monster. On the one hand they failed to exhibit the winning humanity of their victim: on the other they magnified his exploits, “laying it on a leetle too thick,” to use Kit's own aly comment on the authorized "Life™ largest me emigrants ing scout, The high lights In the life of Kit Carson have been told so often that they are familiar to most Americans how, when Kit was a year old, the Car. gon family left his birthplace in Madi. gon county, Kentucky, and went to Missouri ; how as a small boy Kit ran wild with the neighbors’ children, hunted coons and did chores about home; how he was apprenticed to a saddier at Franklin, Mo, but ran away secking ndventure as a trapper, Then followed his first trlp to Santa Fe. N. M., Nt train of Bent Indian and was to launch CRIeer fA wn for Gen Civil war with the Vrain and Mexican traders, him upon mountain man, | Fremont, Indian fighter, der New Mexiean frontier guardian of the Santa Fe trail and “Father Kit in the government's ings with the Indians, a career, of of thrilling Incidents pguve West” type of writer a his hest (or worst) and falled to make the most opportunity in writing of Kit The result has been n and absurdity which stifles this latest ( wagon company, which amazing scout, gulde his on the " course, with its multitude the “Wild chance to do few of them of the Carson, of truth jumble fully biogra predecessors ' ‘arson of his as exploded many of the old their p or theories which can al and For instance, Carson has painted as 0 man with a vast empire of the West Thi fig an ju pher's But he } i egends and in criticisms ' dace suhstituted either the facts, be accepted ns logic reasonable HE n 1 of the to help open up. hows him hecause ut « id a oiind Common Sense, His manner of dying was as simple living, The snl Fort Lyon, Colo, the en tired as the manner of his came May 23, 1568, at where under army He food that had been given him. me some fust rate doin's, sald the old scout, “A huffalo and a bowl of coffee and a pipe what 1 need.” re of an of the he surgeon, was was Cook steak are the But wing Jong expected called out adios! The surgeon warned him that meal would probably be fatal Kit jsted and the surgeon, kno that he going soon, did not oppose - . The hemorrhage followed. Kit “I'm pone! Doctor, compadre, The end was awift. fo died Kit Carson, brave, unaffected, self-sufficient to the last puff of his old dudheen, a valiant trencherman, with the bull meat under his Beit, and the old gleam in his tired eyes, blow ing smoke into the jaws of death, wham he had flouted so often : This is the happy warrior: this is he That every man in arms should wish to be. ine was him Protecting Investors Though differing wiightly in some of the states, the blue-sky laws are much alike in their essential features, They are designed to regulate the sale of stocks, bonds and other gecurities, hut in practice their application has been extended to a wide range of Invest ment enterprises, The law usually contains a penal clause prescribing penalty for fraud in the sale ‘or ne. gotiation of securities and vests in a certain officer or body the power to investigate all transactions of this kind, —————————————————— Roman Punichnients & —— The following punishments were meted out to the offender In ancient Rome: The muleta, or fine; vincula, imprisonment or fetters; verbera, or stripes; talio, or Infliction of punish- ment similar to injury, L e, limb for a limb: infamia, public disgrace, by which the delinquent, besides being scandalized, was rendered Incapable of holding public office and deprived of other privileges of Roman citizen. ship; exilium, banishment; either civil or natural, Natural death was brought about by beheading, scourging, strangling, or throwing the criminal headlopg from the Tarpeian rock, or from a place in a prison, from the Robur, To Be Trusted Silence was one of the greatest rea- sons for the continued political sue: cess of the late Senator Lodge of Mas- gachusefts, On one occasion, after the Washingtou eorresponndents had death, wasted an hour trying to quiz him, the dean of the scribes complained: “You have remained absolutely silent on some of the most important publie questions.” “In these days” replied the senn- tor, “the man who cam remain reso lutely silent, demonstrates that he holds a rather Important position in public affairs” An alligator's nest containg about 00 egus. HER ‘How Much Water, Should Baby Get? Famous Authority's Rule Dy Ruth Brittain Keep Moving, or Fall Behind, Natural Law There is much food for thought for every community in this short editorial from the Kansas City Star: The talk of W. H. Mansa at the chambep of commerce luncheon was not the kind of thing to make Kansas City satisfied with Itself. But it was the kind of thing that ought to make Kansas City think, A community, like an individual often needs to be shaken out of itself Kansas City needs just that treatment The city has been content to too long on past achievements to assume that its natural ad vantages and its facilities already ac rest fashion, prosperity. growth and has learned, y this time, to com bring It jut the city tht to have learned b Progress, It can’t be every fellow for himself, forward. Individual citizens, civic and groups that fall Into the habit ined welfare anything and everything ad vanced for the good of the city will find after a while that they, af well as Jthe community, have suffered. Mr Manse has struck at the heart of Kan It is a test of the What will be the sas City's problem. y's mettle, response’? Indiana Women Plan Flower-Lined Roads Plans of Indiana to plant yrile, honeysuckle and ennial floras along all state and federal highways not only will make ana’'s roads pleasing to the senses, bul will serve a very useful Vines and plants on will hold the earth, slipping of dirt and on new construction in a short space of time will hide th of contractor?’ shovels, Indiana has a state forest at Henrs ville, 20 north of Loulsville where and mtive po Indiana vated, huge nursery be obtain flowering department | gist out, cO-0f the 656 women's clubs io larkspur, ivy, m other per ndi purpose, roadsides i n ang pave sloping preventing erosio the the onto ments, miles all shrubs trees ! rom th ed shrubs which are; cult are to lings and late ised the Wi highway 4 to in wrat servation commissiof gome oth coat of paint shoul wood Otherwise, a job may result become ch peel on until has put chance to dry out ver) un iatisfadton ut The paint may off, me or show discoloration If the first coat Is put on while wood Is dry, a salisfactory paint job should result. No mstter how much rain strikes the wond after it has re the moisture will not penetrate the paint film and will soon evaporate, leaving the paint in suitable condition for the alky, the gocond Label the Garden In many gardens where a great number of varieties of flowers and vegetables are grown it is necessary each has a treatment of arden labels then must be resorted fo unless a map Is made of finished In dark green, the ecard is removed and marked, then replaced and cov ered with a piece of mica which makes {t weatherproof, Support for Roof Roof permanence depends as much upon what holds up the roof as it does upon the surface exposed to the ele ments. A roof framed with 2 by 6 rafters spaced 16 Inches apart and not spanning a discance greater than angle less than 45 degrees, will be strong encngh to support heavy roof. ing such as tile and slate. If a roof is wider, or if the angle at the peak Is greater, rafters should be sturdier, Use Materials That Last Before building a home, be sure of each step. One of the best ways to avoid heavy upkeep costs is to strangle them at their birth, Be ruthless about that. Cut, slash, slay. Get the kind of materials that will endure. End legs bills for painting or renewing wall coatings which erack or full off are unnecessary. 3 Baby specialists agree nowadays that during the first six months, bables must have three ounces of fluid per pound of body weight dally. An eight pound baby, for instance, twen ty-four ounces of fluld. Later on the rule is two ounces of fluld per pound of body weight, The amount of fluid absorbed by a breast-fed baby ie best determined by weighing him before and after feeding for the whole day; and it is easily calculated for the bot tie-fed one. Then make up any de ficiency with water. Giving baby sufficient water relieves his feverish, crying, restless spells, If it doesn't, give him a few drops of Fletcher's Castorla. For these and other ills of bables and children. such as colic, cholera, diar rhea, gas on stomach and bowele, con stipation, sour loss of sleep, underweight, ete, leading physicians say there's nothing so effective. It is purely vegetable- recipe is on the wrapper—and millions of mothers have depended on it in over thirty * of ever increasing use. It regu- lates baby's bowels, makes him and eat right, enables him to get full nourishment from his food, so he in creases In welght as he should. Fith each package you get a book on Moth- erhood worth its weight in gold. Just a word of caution. Look for the signature of Chas. H. Fletcher on the package so you'll be sure to get the genuine. The forty-cent bottles contain thirty-five doses. needs often upset and stomach the year sleep Protection Given to obit fis i A Even a Light Snack Would Satisfy Tramp On the do ten ia abledodking. ramp, in hi tered “Mada thing fo hely to be chop ped “No, I'm afraid housewife who had knock “Carpets to beat, “No. “Any gardening or other {to be done, then? “No, thanks, 1 ink anything you can do today.” The wasfarer heaved a sigh Hef and his appeared. “All right,” he sald cheerfully, “then p'raps I can have something to eat 7" London Answers, Yery 1 is hand a *can ] Is there any wood y you? not, said answered the his priaps® thanks.” rough Jobs don’t t} there's of re. miserable expression dis Just About “Myrtle tells me she's been & name part in Shakespeare, believe 117” “Oh, 1 ‘Much offered Do you expect It's in Ado. "-Tit-Bits, ‘Nothing’ The Modern Art Girl—"Does the painting look like me?" Painter—"Oh, I'm way past that stage.” ALLEN’S FOOT-EASE Btoys the pain of Corns and Lu Wl you can walk all da, case and comfort, ing ¢ ef such rel fet to bot, i aching, inflamed or sv Jen feet, blisters June i is ~~ = ALLEN 8 ofl in eae h shoe in rng I mnke ye TRelaty ! thet shoes, "It takes the friction from the shoe, Al- Dy ave use it for aucing and to Break in New Bhoes ssple and 8 Poot. Ease Walkin Doi ALLEN'S FOOT-EASE, Le Roy, N. in a Pinch, Use Alle Allen's Vaool-Uase iis Gustin 2 EVERY MORNING snd WIGHT TAKE Dr.Thadiers —) [iE £55. \5 Syrup rr COLDS VOR DEALER there is not ing like Sa con. Two of these when vour cold starts anqd it's knocked out before it really gets started. It may take 24 hours to break up a heavy stubborn but you can depend on Salicon; it will do the trick. w C coid No dope sor t ¥r fl drug ate Go ste for 5 ali ICON Does Not Affect the Heart Does Not Upset the Stomach is afl you need ne Soap for Keay Jon TON.ET st sores wt vs Apa BATH = Sista pm ion SHAMPOO Gléno’s Sul phur Soap Contains B33" wiphur. A deugp % Keep your complexion free of - ky and ¢ o* ng Rokland's Styptic Cotten, 285¢ £3 For Galled Horses Hanford’s Balsam of I My rrh Little Joke Money bark for frst be His DON'T suffer headact 18, Or any of those pains that Bayer Aspir in can end in a hurry! Physicians prescribe it, and approve its free use, for it does not affect the heart. Every drug- gist has it, but don’t fail to ask the druggist for Bayer. And don't take any but the box that says Bayer, with the word genuine printed in red: Aspirin is the trade mark of Bayer Manufacture _ot Monoaceticacidester of Salicylicecid w. N. Y, BALTIMORE, NO. 102 It Kills Them! Non-poisonous, Won't spot or stain, The Bee on every package = is your guarantee, Send for free insect booklet. If dealef cannot supply —-write McCormick & Co, Daltimors, Md
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers