I.4. THE - GETtYSBURG COMPILER,
Democratic Family Journal,
I$ rrnmsuED EVERY MONDAY MORNING,
BY lIICARY .7. STAHL&
“ Truth ii MostAly, aid Will Prevail.”.
TP/RILi OF PUBLICATION.-4110 per an
num. If pald, strictly IX ADVANCX—OX 50 per an.
Aau if not paid to advance. No sulairription dia
eeetttlue I, unless at Doi option of the publisher,
wntil all arr‘etrires are paid.
ADVERTISEMENTS inserted nt nxual rate..
JOB PRINTING of all Wade demi with naattless
Ind dlapateh. I
OFFICE hi Routh BnAtimore si4ot, bittween
Uhl Ile and High, near the Port Omee--"Compf.
lir Printing Ogled" on the algn:
Professional Cards.
Dr..T. 0. Kinser, •
HAVNG located 'permanently at 130 , 7-
AtI4IITOW:i, Adams county, will attend
c _mtptly to all prufessionul Calls. d ty or night.
vi.d.ui at John Lindis's, where he can always
e foun•i, unless professionally engaged.
Aug. C, 1968. ly
tor. F. Q. Wolf,
TTAVING !netted nt EAST BERLIN, Adams
I`i county, hope, that by strict attention to
his prof-83i onal duties he may merit a Oistre of
the public patronage. [Apr. 7,'66. tf
Dr. C. E. Goldsboroash,
AMPCO V, Adams county, PA., renews
his offlr of prolessionsl services to the
puul,c, •ni Oise requiring mediiml and sur
gical aid will find it to th , it interest to con
suit him. [May 21 , 18G6. tf
-- - -
Dr. J. W. C. O'Neal's
rkl"FICII and Dwelling, N. E. corner of Ral
lJ timore and high streets, near Presbyte
rian Church, Gettysburg, Pa.
Nor. 30. 11303. ti
Dr. J. E. Ensor,
HAYING locAtod on the Hanover pond, ONE
MILE E 4Sl,' OF GRANITE 114,1, P. 0.,
NJuutplegisant township, AI tins county, Pa.,
offers his profegsional services to the public.
Jlll2O 18, 1.860. 3m
. Drs. A- B. Dill &B. F. Herman ,
Tr associate] themselves in the practice
of Medicine and Surgery, and respectfully
tender their profeSsional services to the citi
zens of Petersburg end vicinity. -
Petersburg, Y. S., July 2, 18e6.
Dr. D. S. Peffer,
AII6OTTSTO WY, Adams county, continues
the p:actice.of his profession in all its
branches, and would respectfully invite all
p•rsoes affl;cted with any oid standing dis
eases to call and consult him.
Oct. 3, 1804. tf
J. Lawrence Hill. M. D,
AS hisioffice one ro it
door west of the
L thoran church in
rr
Chamhers):nrg• street, and opposite Tit. C.
llorne•'s whet'e thLse wi3hing to, totve
Car p•rt , tr.u.-1 are rei{,ert
fully invited to ciii. ltarsuaqnsi: Drs.•lior
uer. Rei. C. P. }Crouch, D. D., Rev.
B.i r li•r, D. D., Reit. Pruf. 11. Jacobs,
Prof. L. L. Soarer.
Gettysburg, April 11 , '5
J. C. Neely,
ATT3RNICT AT fd.l9.—Particutsratten
tioit paid to collection of Pensiong,
nty, nmi li.ch•pny. Orrice to tLo
corner ul the Diamond.
I==l33l=l
D. Mo,Conaughy,
ATrn ;NST AT LAW, olli•e one door west
or 114ehter's drt 't store, Chum.
beriourg street.) A Sow:Prot ?ult.
PATIVr. asu Parrs y Laud War
rt uts, 134 A-pay 8 thus, and all
other elsiint against tnment at Wash
ington, I) C.; also n claims in Eng
fan Worran ted and sold, or
bought, and b..rhest p 'eon. Agents en.
gszel in Inciting - war in lowa, Illinois
a Id other western State A;),)11 to him
persoualle or br letter. ;••
Gettysburg, Nor. 11, '53.
ifr" Law Partnership.
DUNCAN Jr, J. H. WHITD,
ATT'JIINEYS AT LAW,
. .
W:ll_
promptly attend to all legai business
entrusted to them, including, the procuring, of
Pensians, - Bonnty, Back Pay, &Mil all other
claims against the United States and Suite
Go•ernrnents.
-
in North West Cornet of Diamond,
Gettyeburg, Penn'a.
April 3, 1865. • tf
Edward B. Buehler,
A TTLllt`fliY AT LAW, will faithfully and
pro•nptly attend to all business entrnst
ed t, him, lie sie.tks the Gerinan language.
•a at the same place, in South Baltimore
street, near Forney's drug store, end nearly
opposite Banner it Ziegler's store
Gettysburg, Unroll 20.
•IG lob e Inn,
TOac sT., 111/43 TE, DIAMLIND,
eIFITT YSBURG, PA.—The undersigned
would most respectfully inform. his nu
merous friends and the public generally, that
he has purchased that long established and
well known Hotel, the° "Globe Inn," in York
street, Gettysburg, and will spareno effort to
conduct it in a mauner that will not detract
from its former high reputation. His table
will have the best the market can afford—his
chambers are spacious and comfortable—and
he has laid in for his bar a full stack of wines
- and liquors. There is large stabling attached
to the Hotel, which will be attended by atten
tive hostler.. It will be his constant endeavot
to render the fullest satisfaction to his guests,
making his house as near a home to them as
possible. He asks a share of the public's pa
tronage, determined as he is to deserves: large
part of it. Remember, the "Globe Inn" is in
Yon street, bat near the Diamond, of Public
Square. SAUD - EL AVOLF.
April 4, 1864. ti
Railroad Souse,
SAR Tll6 DEPOT.
HANOVER, YORK CO., PA.
The undersigned would respectfully inform
ibis numerous friends and the public generally,
,that he has leased the Hotel in Hanover, near
she Depot, formerly kept by Mr. Jeremiah
fCsibler, and will spare no effort to conduct it
Om ain tier that will give general satisfaction.
Nis table will have the best the markets can
etlYord—his chambers are spacious end com
for:able—and he has laid in for his bar a full
*Lock of choice wines and liquors. There is
tabilog for horses attached to the Hotel. It
will be his constant endeavor to render the
fullest satisfaction to his guests, making his
house as near a home to them as possible.—
He asks a share of the public patronage, de
termined as he is to deserve a large part of it.
Aemember the Railroad House, near the De
pot Hanover, Pa. A. P. RAUGHER.
Oct. .2 lads. tf
Cannon's
Ag - 81 4 4 W ORK 8,
Da Baltimore street t Nearly Opposite the Coed
House,
GETTYOI3IIII.G. P 4.
livery description .of work executed is the
finest style of the srt
Jane 4, J&5, tt
Great Reduetion in Prices.
F LEINESTOCK tHOTHEES
are now selling
GOOD CALICOES AT 121 CENTS,
REST UNBLEACHED MUSLIN AT 28 OTS.,
and all Other Goods in proportion.
.If you want OHBA? Goods, now le the tint
to buy theca.
at ouee.
etttyabarg, Ma FAITr. , 68 ITIB 18 TOOK BROTagR9
VI.
GOLD, ISILYXX, STEEL, and qtber
• • $ P-X CT•AO L X 3 ;
to suit all yeti alwevFou baud, and - fitted to
sight., ._ . ... J. BEVAN ;
:,40onestte the Bank t filettro b urir.
A
8173330.4c1ity of the heat Louden
Dna will Or without fauteu
.") flir Ob. _: . Ip e asoultr 4 *A. -
il
. 0. ,
..
1111 P. ,
, . .
' .-,2 - • , %ft..' .
I • . . . ...
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1
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1 r pf - 5
urg
------ -
BY X J. STABLE.
PVI3LIC SALE
OF REAL AND PERSONAL ESTATE.—
The subscriber, by rime of authority
coulainad in the will of Pit WWI, Sep., de
ceased, will offer at Palk. al., on the prem
ises, on SATURDAY, the let day of SEPTEM
BER, 1866,
The FARM of said decedent, situate;in Ger,
away township, Adams county, on the public
road leading from Littlestown to Sterner's
Mill, about 1i miles from Litt.lestown, adjoin
ing property of Jseob Pitzei, Joseph Staley,
Solomon Menges and Sylvester Hamer, and
containing about 100 ACRES. The improve
ments are a Two-story LUG WSA
THERBOARDED HOUSE, Log
Barn, with Wagon Shed and , Corn rf..." •
Crib attached, Bog Pen, Welt
Water near the door, Apple and other fruit
trees. About twenty. five acres arc well coy
ered with Timber. There is a suitable pro
portion of good Meadow Laud. The farm is
under good tend n g.,
At the same time and place will be o'nel
for s.tle the following articles of persrnal 0-
perk); : 1 Bureau, Table, Bedstead, i'evilier
bed, ke., Stove and Pipe, Quilting Frame,
Spinning Wheel and Reel, Pot, Itack, Ice., Iron
Kettle, Churn, Benchaud sundry other articles.
ger Sale to commence at 1 o'clock, P. NI.,
on suid'sday, when attendance will be given
cud wine made known 'by
\ • JOSEPH A. WOLF,
Aug. C,
F A F
j or S
Ezezutors
offer at Fl
lowing rl
A FAR.
111:011 :ount
of John ‘I
and other,
Ile.tduw.
story FR.
tt half stor ,
Curn Cril
young ill
springs of
Persons
requt stet]
remitting w
Atte'Ste
on said d
and terms made known•br
JCHN BLOCHER,
ELI BLOCHER,
Executors.
July 10, 18C6.' ts•
`The undersigned offers his FARM, in
Mnuutjoy township, al private slain ; 7.71 acres,
with good House, Barn, first-rate 'Well,
July 30, ietai. JOHN BLUCHER.
A Small Flirm
AT PUBLIC SALE.—On SATURDAY, the
Ist day of SEPTEMBER next, the under
signed will offer at Public Sale, on the remi
ses, the FARM us which she reidlcs, situate
in Climbs rlAnd township, Adams cuunte, on
the Taneytown road, two miles trout Gettys
burg, adjuniims ' lands of Leonard Bricker,
George Spangl er, Jacob-SwiQher - and others,
and containing G 2 ACRES, more or less.
There are about 12 acres of Timber, rind
about 10 acres of Meadow. The impr3ve
meats are a Two-story LOG 145,,
110 USE, with a One stuiy Stone Li 04
Building attached, Bank Baru'
, o r
Wagon tihed, Hog Pen, and other a„,
out-buildings i an excellent well of water at
the door, and a good Apple Orchard, with an
abundance of other frutt—Peaches, PeArs,
Chefries, &c. ,
Persons wishing to view the property are
requested to call at the dwelling.
ily.:"S'ale to commence at 1 o'clock/P. M..
on said day, when attendance will be given
and terms made known by
SARAH PATTERSON.
Darn not sold, it will be offered for rent on
said day. [Avg.'ii, 18G6. is
Soluble Pacific Guano.
2SOLUBLE PACIFIC GUANO
V
contains 70 lbs; animal matter,yielding,
7 to 8 lbs. ammonia.
Also 80 to 901bs. earthy bone Phosphate allinte,
30 lbs. of which are soluble phosphate.
It combitr".s all the advantages of the, beet
brands of SuperVhosphate, with those. of . Prt
ruvutn Guano.
.1 .
By reason of it s greaser coneenfralton, we re
commend 20 perict. lens by worfg,ht to be used
per acre, than bf any fertilizer costing, the
same per ton ; and no more per acre than of
those selling at 20 per et. more per ton.—
Hence ile,econoiny.
This gui‘no weighs 65 lbs. per bushel, hence
in applying it farmers must be governed by
weight and not by bulk, for ills much lighter
than the Super Phosphates. Every cargo duly
impaled.
JORN S. REESE k CO ,
g GENERAL AGENTS FOR TtiE SOVTR,
71 South Street, Bultitnore
" Flour of Hone."
WVE will give e."rnoney guarantee of The
purity of this article. It is pure un
steamed, unburnt bon., reduced to the fineness of
?Your, which adds 100 per ct. to its value. It
is as quirk and active as acid diesoloed bone,
hence its vallie is vastly greater, because it
contains neither acid nor water, which neces
sarily add weight, and redace the quantity of
valuable elements. We recommend 250 lbs.
to blftsed in place of 300 lbs. Super Phosphate ,
or dissolved bone.
JOHN S. REESE k CO.,
GENERAL AGIS,NT3 FOR TIIK SOUTH,
71 'South Street, Baltimore.
serlfcCardy k Diehl, Agents, Gettysburg.
liar. 12, 1800. dm
Cabinet Furniture.
THE subscribers hereby inform their cue.
tamers and the public generally, that
they have now on hand, and continue to man
ufacture to order,
CABINET FURNITURE,
which, for style and 'durability, finish and
price, will compete with any in the county.—
Our present stock consists of every variety of
Furniture uenally kept in a first. class Furni
ture Were Room. Fashionible, ornamental
or plain Furniture manufactured in the most
substantial manner, by molt experienced
workmen, and at the lowest cash prices.
UNDERTAKING.
Having a new .Hearne, par,ieular attention
will be given. to this branch of their business.
They are prepared to make and tarnish Collins
of any desired quality, and attend Funerals
at the shortest notice—and on such terms as
Cannot fail to please all.
The subscribers return theirs thanks to the
public for the liberal patronage extended to
them in the past, and hopeto meritand receive
a continuance of public patronage.
Shop and Ware Room third . building east
of the Square. H. FETE 4 BRO.
Littlestown, April 16, :866. tf
Reduced Prices.
PTANOS, CABINET AND AMERICAN OR
GANS. Superior tuned 7 octave PIANOS
from 4 5550 upwards. ORGANS from $BO
upwards. 011 instrumeats" selected, re.
commended and sold by me, additionally guar
soled. Illustrated circulars sent by mail,
when desired. P. BENTZ,
N0..30 East Market Street, York, Pa.
Mar. 12,1866.
l i oweenee• D. Dietz & Co. •
Iv WROLESALE
DEALERS IN
FANCY GOODS,
NOTIONS,
HOSIERY And ~
VARIETIES;:
No. 308 West Biftimare greet,
Between Warardit: Liberty Streets,
wiz 7 3 an, VAltimcirelltd.
El
Superintendent'* Notice.
T WILL exintina Teachers at the following
I named times and places, to wit:
Straban, flunteretown, August 18, 9 a in.
Reading k lin inptou,llstnptun, Aug. 23, 1 pm.
Ham Itoa, East Berl4 - 1, Aig. 2 4 , 9 a M. •
Berwick bor., .A.l3hottstown, Alg. 24, 3 p m.
I.l.rwiek tp., F.lder's S. fl., Aug. 25, 9 a tn.
Oxford, New Oxford, A a 25, 2 p in.
Butter, Middletown. Aug. 27, 9 a m.
Nlenallen, Beitlersville„ Aug. 20, 9 ilk in.
Tyron i e, He dlersborg, Aug. 29, 9 a in.
Huntington, Petersburg, Aug. 30, 9 a in.
Latimure, State Road S. It., Aug. 31, IC a in.
Cumberland, Battlefield Hotel, Sept. 1, 9 am.
Mountpleasant,pi uTh Run S. H., Sept. 3,9 a m.
Conowago, McSherrystown, Sept. 4, 9 a an.
Union, Sehildt's S. H., Sept 4, 1 p m.
Littlestown, Bor„._Little.town, Sept. 5, 9 a m.
Germany, Gulden's S. 11., Sept. 5, 1 p m.
Mountjoy, Two Taverns, Sept. 6, 9 a m.
Freedom, Moritz 's S. IL, S..pt. 7, 9 a m.
Franklin, Milltown, Sept: 8, 9 am. •
Hamiltonian, Fairfield. Sept. 10, 9 a in.'
Liberty, Grayson's S. IL, Sept. 11, 10 a M.
Highland, Charch S. H., Sept. 12, 9 a m.
Agar• The time has cony a lien we mat have
better Teachers—hence none but those well
(pi 'lined will he licensed'to teach. F.X.1111415.
toms will be m.We rigid and thorough than
heretofore. Teachers will prepare themselves
accordingly. 'Directors will please attend.
AARON Sl' EF,LY, Co. Supt.
Gettysburg, Aug, 6, 1866. to
Frei! AMAaI.
HATS, CAI'S, BOUTS & SBOES.
•COUEAN & CO.
have just received and opened another splendid
assortment of HATS, CAPS, BOUTS and
SILOES, for Summer wear, which they are
selling at very low prices considering the
times. The latest styles of Summer Hats and
Caps, of etwy description and price. 1:.
Boots arid Shoec, ;if superior make, midi;
warranted to fit, alwa: icon Land. Work
made to order and repairing done on short no
tice, by experienced workmen. Also,
lIAIINESS MAKING,
carried on iu :111 its branches. Persons want
ing an% thing in this line would do well to call.
strlhatiorget the old stand in Chambers
burg street, if you want Bargains.
June 19, 1365
F,W GOODS A'r REDUCED PRICES!—
A. scoTr k SONS have just received
i iuther fine assortment of NEW GOODS, con
siMg. in prt, of Cloths, Cussitueres, CAssi
net Kentucky Jeans, and Tweeds, for Gen.
tlem i's wen'r. Also, a fine assort i mntit of
\ LADIES' DRESS GOODS.
Our stacl has been selected with great care,
and we ace prepared to sell as cheap us any
other establishment in the country. We ask
the public to give us a c.tll and judge for
themselves. We-defy competition, bull as to
quality and Pace. A. .5 . 1./UTT & Slat NS.
April 2, lath%
Pianos 7. Pianos
lIITANos!—TIte undersigned would respect
r to!ly inform the public that he can furnish
PIANtIS of ,the following manufacturers, or
those of other mal.e, it desired, at the lowest
lio,sible prices:
Ct-TI , JKIMING k SONS.
DE('KER HIZOS.
•
AZLI , ,TOS 'BROS.
HAENES BROS.
GEO. STOCK.
A. H. GAHM.: CO. -
STEISWAU St SONS.
fa - a... Particular attention is given to the se
lection of ; and when sin selected, in ad
t ion to the inalinbcturers' guarnntee, the Pianos
are guaranteed hy me.
MASON & HAMLIN
CABINET ORGANS AND MELODIANS
The recent improvements in these instru
ments are snzli as to fully warrant saying they
lire FAR SUPERIOR to any other make. One
of the best evidences of their merit is, that
their improvements are imitated by other
makers. The new style, four stop organ, have
a Sub. Bass and Octave Couplet, making it an
instrument especially adapted to Church and
Sabbath School purposes.
will be sent by mail to persons desiring them.
Pianos tuned regularly. Pianos e.tkert in et,
change. PETER BENTZ,
No. 30 East Market St., York, Pa
June 12, 18 1 33. ly
Carriage-making Business.
THE war being over, the undersigned have
ret , ume3 the
C.NRRIAGE-11AKING BUSINESS,
al - their old stand, in 'E .st Sltddle street,
GETTYSBURG,
where they are again_prepared to put up work
in the tnost ftsbiouable, substantial, and supe
rior wanner. A lot of new and second-hand
CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, &C.,
on hand, which they will dispose of at the
lowest prices; and all orders will be supplied
as promptly and satisfactorily as possible.
SarREPAIRING
done with dispafch, and at cheapest rates.
A large lot of new and old HARNESS on
hand for sale.
Thankful for the literal patronage hereto
fore enjoyed by them, they solicit and will en
deavor to deserve a large share in the future.
DANNER. & ZIEGLER.
July 10, 18G5. tt
Buggies and Carriages.
TIIS WAY I THIS WAY!—The under
signed is engaged in theCarriage.making
b.isineee, at the corner of Chambersbnrg
West streets, Gettysburg, and invites all w do
may need anything, in his line to give him, a
call. He puts up, in the very beat manner,
Falling-top and other BUGGIES, and all the
different styles of (iA.RRIA.GES. With a full
knowledge of the buiineas, and a determina
tion to give sttistaction, the public can rely
upon his jobs bang - good. He will endeavor
to deserve a large share 'of patronage, and
hopes to receive it.
REPAIRING done at the shortest notice,
and on m)st reasonable terms: - ear Country
produce will be taken in exchange for work.
E - GILBERT.
Gettysbnrg, June 4, 186 G.
Fresh Confectionery
AND ICE CREA.II SALGOS. I 7 The sabscri
her respectfully informs the citizens of
Gettysburg an d vicinity that he has a_Contec
tionery Establishment, _ otte door east of the
Eagle Hotel, on Chambersborg; street, to which
be would invite their attention.'
C tkes, Candies, a. every description of
Confections ' together with-Nuts, Oranges, and
all kinds of fruits, always on hand.
Parties, public and private, as well as fam
ilies, will
. ye furnished with all kinds of Cakes,
Ice Cream, (in pyramidal farm or otherwise,)
and other refreshmonts at their houses, hpon
short notice.
Raving spent a life-time at the business, he
flatters himself that ho understands it and that
he i 3 able to render entire satisfaction.
Call and see his Confectionery.
May 28, 1868. tf JOHN GRUEL.
6 6 rTNIVEMAI:OLOTHES WRINGER."—
10 Besides the great saving of Labor, the
sating in the welr and tear of clothing in a
single year, more than amounts to the price of
this Wringer. It is strange that any family
should be willing to do without it. For sale
at FAHNESTOCK BROS., and at 0. H. BUM!.
[Feb. 19.
- • Cheese! Cheese 2
SWITZER, Limberger and English Cheeaa,
can always be bad St
JULEP LEIBO EPEI J
Jane 11. - newt dbor to the Post 05100.
TOIOES Itientragt) to silt the times at the
_J. j celsi r Ellitlitirt
4, (it.
1:1
COI3EAN & CRAWFORD
Fresh Supply.
DESCRIPTIVE CIRCULARS
The Far Famed
GETTYSBURG, PL, MONDAY, AUG. 27, 1866.
elgrist Aisrvilanz
The Great Convention at Phil&
delphia !
A DDRESS
TIJ TUZ
PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES.
-laving met in Convention, at the city
of Philadelphia, in the State of Penitsyl-;
vtuda, this lath day-of August, 18661,,as '
the representatives of the people,Pfkall
sections, and all the States and Teri.llhr/es !
of the Union, to consult upon the condi- :
thin and the wants of our common court-
try, we address to YOU this declaration of
our principleA, anJof the'political purpo
ses we seek to frolpote.
. TUE LATI: WAR.
6ince the meeting of the last National
Cmivention, in the year eventslinve
occurred which have changed the char
aeter of our internal polities and given
the (WWII States a new place among the
nations of the earth. Our Government
has passed through the vicissitudes and
perils of Melt war—a war which ; though _
__
mainly sectional in its character, has
SOLE OBJECT OF THE. WAR.
nevertheless decided political differences
that from the very beginning of the Gov- In every message and proclamation of
ern:nein had threatened the unity ofour . the Executive it was explicitly declared
war
national existence, and hag left its in t - , i that the
was tom
sole obect and urse of the
press deep and ineffaceable upon all theiota ii the authority of the
interests, the seutimenits and the destiny : Constitution and to preserve the integrity
of the Republic. I of the Union; and Congress more than
While it has inflicted , non .
the Whole once reiterated tills solemn declaration,
country severe losses in li, mild property I and added the assuranee that, whenever
and has imposed burden` a which miler this object should be attained the war
weigh on its resources for reiterations to . should cease, and all the States should
come, it has developed a degree of na- ' retain' their equal rights and dignity
timed courage in the presence of national unimpaired. It is only since /he war
dal igere —a capacity for ini I i Lary organ i.. I was closed that other{ rights 1111V0 been
zetion Inel achievement, and a devotion asserted on behalf of one department of
people to the form off
on the part of thethe General GeVbrnment.
government which thEy have ordained, I ASSERTIONS OF CONGRESS.
and to the principles of liberty which 1 it has been proclaimed by Congress
that Government was designed to pro- I
mote, which must eonlitm the canfiden that, in addition to the powers conferred
of the nation in the perpetuity 'of its re
! G upon it by t
the Constitution the -Federal
publican inetitutions, and command the 4 overnmen may now clam over the
States, the territory and the people in
respect of the civilized wsised. -'
Like all great contesti "which rouse the' solved in the insurrection, the right of
war, the rights of conquest and of confls
passions and test the eindurance of na- i cation, the right to abrogate all existing
•
trans, this war has given nefe'itenpe to I
1 governments, institutions and laws, and;
the ambition of politl parties, and ;
t art
e deprivations as the legislative de to subject the territory conquered and its
p
fresh impulse to plane innovation and , inhabitants to such laws, regulations and
reform. Amid-4 the c ps of conflicting I
sentimente inseparable an such an era, I menus of the Government may see fit to
while the public heart is keenly alive to impose. Under this based and sweeping
all the passions that can sway the public chum that cicalae of the Constitution
judgment and affect the public action ; I which provides that "no State shall
while the wounds of war are still freili without its Consent be - deprived) of its
e:al !deeding, on either side, and fears for, equal suffrage in the Senate of the United
the future take unjust' proportions from . States," has been annulled, and ten States
memories, and resentments of the past, it have been refused, and are still refused,
is a difficult but 'an imperative, duty . representation altogether in both branch
which on your behalf we, who are here es of the Federal Congress. And the
4.7 ambled, have undertaken to perform. i (emgress in which only a parf of the
- ASSEMBLAGE IN AMITY. 1 States and of the people of the Union are
For the first thue after sir long ;veers represented has asserted the right thus
of alienation and of conflict, we have to exclude the rest from representation,
come together from every State and every and from all share in making their own
section of our hind, as citizens of a coin- lens or choosing their own rulers until
mon country, under that flag, the symbol" they should comply with such conditions
again of a common glory, to consult to- I and perform such acts as this Congress,
gethur how teat to cement and perpetu- 1 ' thus composed, may itself prescribe.
ate that Union which is; again the _object; ' That right has not only been asserted,
of our cornsnen love,
and thus secure the but it has been exercised, and Is practi
blesehigs of liberty to ourselves and our, calla , enfereed at the present time. Nor
posterity. ' dues it find any support in the theory
In the first place we invoke you to re- that the States thus -excluded are in re-'
member, always and everywhere, that , bellioh against the Government, and are
the war is ended and the nation is again therefore precluded from sharing its au
nt peace. , The shock of contending arms th - ority. They are not thus in rebellion.
no longer assails the shuddering heart of , They are one and all in an attitude of
the Republic. The insurrection against ; loyalty towards the Government, mid of
the supreme authority of the nation has' sworn allegiance to the Constitution of
been suppressed, and that authority has the United States. In no one of them is
been again acknowledged, by word and there the'slightest indication of resistance I
net, in every State and by every citizen • to thi's authority, or the slightest protest
within its jurisdiction. We are no longer az:dust its just and binding obligation.
required or permitted to regard or treat This condition of _renewed loyalty has
each other as enemies. Not only have ! been officially recognized by solemn pro
the
acts of war been discontinued, and elarnation of the Executive department.
the weapons of war laid aside, but the ; The laws of-thesUnite4States have been I
state of war no longer exists, and the extended by Cone - all over these
sentiments, the passions, the relations of States and the people
. thereof. Federal
wee, have no longer lawful •or rightful courts have been reopened, and Federal
place anywhere throughout our broad taxes Imposed and leeled, and in every
domain. We are again people of the respect, except that they are denied rep-
United •Staties, fellow citizens of one resentation in Congress and the Electoral
country, boned by the duties and oblige-' College, the States once in rebellion are '
tions of a common patriotism, and hfiv- ' recognized as holding the same position,
ing neither rights nor interests apart as owing the swine obligations and subject ,
from a common destiny. I to the seine duties as the other States of
our common Union.
DUTIES OE PEACE.
The duties that devolve upon us now UNRESTRICTED REPRESENTATION NECES- I
are again the duties of peace, and uo lon- SARY.
ger the duties of war. We have assem- It seems to us, in the exercise of the
bled here to take counsel concerning the calmest and most candid judgment we
interests of peace ; to decide how we may can bring to the subject, that such a claim,
most wisely alai • effectually - heal the 'so enforced, involves as fatal en over
wounds the war has made, and perfect throw of the authority of the Cunstitu
and perpetuate the benefits it has secured, I tion, and as complete a destruction of the I
and the blessings which, under a wise 1 Government and Union, as that which
and benign Providence, have sprung up was sought to be effected by the States
in its fiery track. This is the work, not and people In armed insurrection against
of passion, but of calm and sober judg- them both. It cannot escape observation ;
meat, not of resentment for past offences that the, power thus asserted to exclude
prolonged beyond the limits which' certain States from repreeentati on is made
Justice and reason prescribe, but of a lib- ; to rest wholly in the will and discretion
eral statesmanship which tolerates whatof the Congress that asserts it. It is not
,
it cannot prevent, and builds its plans ' made to depend upon any specified (m
-end its hopes for the future rather upon ditions oretreumstatiesee, nor to be subject
a community of interest and ambition ' to any rules or regulations whatever.
than upon distrust and the weapons of , The right asserted and exercised is alma
force. I lute, without mutlification or restriction,
not confined to States in rebellion, nor to
States that have rebelled ; it is the right
of any Congress in formal possession of
legislative authority to ekelude any State
or States, and any -portion of the people
thereof, at any time, from representation
in Congress and in the Electoral College,
at its own discretion and until they shall
perform such acts and comply with such
conditions as they may dictate.
Obviously, the reasons for such exclu
sion being wholly within the discretion
of Congrees, may change as the Congress
itself el all change. One Congress may
exclude a State from all share in the Gov
eminent for one'reason; and, that reason
removed, the next Congress may exclude ,
it for another. One State may be exclu
ded on one ground to-day, and another
may bsaexcluded on the opposite ground
to-morrow. Northern ascendancy may
exclude Southern States from one Con
gress—the ascendancy of Western or of
Southern interests, or of both combined,
may exclude the Northern or the East
ern States from the next. Improbable
as such usurpatious may seem, the estab
lishment of the principle now asserted
and acted upon by Congress, will render
them by no means impossible. The char
acter, indeed the very , existence of Con
gress and the Union Is made dependent
solely and entirely upon the party and
sectional exigencies or forbearance of the
hour.
We need not stop to show that such ac
tion not only finds no warrant in the
Constitution, het is at war with every
principle of our Government, and with
the very existence of free institutions. It
is, indeed, the identical practice which
has rendered fruitless all attempts hith
to to establish and maintain free govern
ments in Mexico and the States of South
America. Party necessities assert them
selves as superior to the fundamental
law, which is set aside in reckless obedi
ence to their behests. Stability, whether
lusthe exercise of power, in the adminis
tration of government, or in the enjoy
ment of rights, becomes Impossible.; and"
the conflicts of party, whieh, under OM
stitutional governments, are the eondi
lioWl and 41440W1 of PoWtool foolliVOls, art
POLITICAL RESULTS OF THE WAR
In the next place, we call upon you to
recognize, in their full significance, and
to accept with all their legitimate conse
quences, the political results of the war
just cle§ed. In two most important par
ticulars the victory achieved by the Na-',
tional Government has been final end
decisive. First, it has been established
beyond all further controversy; and by
the highest of all human sanctions, they
absolute supremacy of the National
Government, as defined and limited by
the Constitution of the United States, and
the permanent integrity and Indissolu
bility of the Federal Union as a necessa
ry consequence; and, second, it has put t
an end finally and forever to the exist
ence
of slavery upon the soil or within
the jurisdiction of the United States.
Both these points became directly in , l
volved in the contest, and controversy
upon both was ended absolutely and
finally by the result.
FICERTS OF VICTORY
In the third place, we deem it of the
utmost importance that the real character
of the war and the victory by which it
was closed should be accurately under
stood. The war was carried on by the
Government of the United States in
maintenance of its own authority and in
defence of its own existence, both of
which were menaced by the insurrection
which it sought to suppress. The sup
pression of that insurrection accomplished
that result. The Government of the
United States maintained by force of
arms the supreme authority over all the
territory, and over all the States and
people within its jurisdiction which the
Constitution confers upon it; but it ac
quired thereby no new power, no en
larged jurisdiction, no rights either of
territorial possession or of civil authority
which it did not possess before the re
bellion broke out. All the rightful power
it can ever possess is that which is con
ferred upon it, either in express terms or
by fair and necessary implication, by the
Constitution of the United states. It
was thatpo*er ainithat authority which
rvb*Wqbb. o lotight to overthrow s 'O4
,--
A-
the victory of the Federal arms was sim
ply the defeat of tat attempt.
The Governmetlt of the 'United States
acted throughout the war on the defen
sive. It sought only to hold possession
of what was already its own. Neither
the war, nor the victory by which it was
closed, changed in any way the Consti
tution of the United States. The war was
carried on by virtue of its provisions,
and under the limitations which they
prescribe, and the result of the war did
not either enlarge, abridge, or in any way
cintugo or LA N% the powers it confers
upon the Federal Government, or release
that Government front the restrictions
which it has Ittinwted.
The Constitution of the United States'
Is to-day precisely as it was before the
war, the "supreme law of the land, any
thing in the constitution or laws of any
State to the contrary notwithstanding . 11
and 1-o-day, also, precisely as before the
war, all the powers dbt conferred by the
Constitution upon the General Govern-1
ment, nor prohibited by_ it to the States,
are "reserved to the several States, or to
the people thereof." -
This position is vindicated not only by
the essential nature of our Government,
and the language and spirit of the Con
stitution, but by all the acts and language
of our Government, in all its departments,
and- at all times, from. the out break orthe
rebellion to its final overthrow.
,
II
48TH YEAR.-NO. 48.
' merged In the conflicts of arms to which
1 they directly and inevitably tend.
It was against this peril so conspicu
ous and so fatal to all free governments
that our Constitution was intended espe
cially to provide. Not only the stability
but the very existence of the Government
ismade by its provisions to depend upon
the right and the fact of representation.
JUGHT OF REPRESENTATION'
The Vongress, upon which is conferred
all the legislative power of the National
Government, eonsists of two branches,
the Senate and House of Representatives,
whose joint concurrence or assent is es
sencial to the validity of any law. Of
these the House of Representatives, says
the Constitution, (article 1, section 2)
"shall be composed of members chosen
every second year by the people•of the
several States." Not only is the right of
I representation thus recognized as pos
sessed by all the States and by every
State without restriction, qualification or
condition of any kind, but the duty of
choosing representatives is imposed upon
the people of each and every 'State alike,.
without distinction, or the authority to
make distinctions among them, for any
reason, or upon any groan& whatever.
I And In the Senate, so careful is the Con
stitution to secure to every State this
right of representation, it is expressly
. provided that "no State, shall, without
Its consent, be deprived of Its equal suf
frage" in that body, even by an amend
ment of the Constitution Itself.
When, therefore, any State is excluded
from such representation, not only is a
right of the State denied, but the consti
tutional integrity of the Senate is im
paired, and the validity of the Govern
ment itself is brought iii question. But
Congress at the present moment thus
excludes from representation, in both
brancires of Congress, ten 'States of the
Union, denying them all share in the.
enactment of laws by which they are to
be governed, and all participation in the
election of the rulers by which those
.laws are to be enforced. In other words,
a Congress in which Only twenty-six
States are represented, asserts thp right
to govern, absolutely and in its own dis
cretion, all the thirtrsix States which
compose. the Union—to make their Jaws
and choose their rulers, and to exclude
the other ten from all share in their own
Government until is sees lit to admit
them thereto. What is there to distin
guish the power thus - assefted and exer
cised from the most absolute and intoler
able tyranny?
PRIVILEGE OF CITIZENSHIP RESTORED
Nor do these extravagant and unfust
claims on the part of Congress to powers
and authority never conferred upon the
Goverunient by the Constitution, -find
any warrant in the arguments or excuses
urged on their behalf. It is.alleged :
hirst, That these States, by the act of
rebellion and by voluntarily withdraw
ing their members from Congress, for
feited their right of representation, and
I that they can only receive it again at the
hands of the supreme legislative author
ity of the Government, on its own terms
and its own discretion. If representa
tMn in Congress and participation in
the (1. - ivernment were simply privileges
conferred and held by favor, this state
ment might have the-merit of plausibili
ty. But representation is, under the
Con: titution, not only expressly recog
nized as a right, but it is imposed as a
duty; and it is essential in both aspects
'to the existence of the Government and
to the maintenance °flits authority. In
free governments fundamental and es
sential rights cannot be forfeited, except
against individuals, by due process of
law; nor can constitutional duties and
obligations be laid aside. The enjoyment
of rights may be for a time auspended
by the failure to claim them, and duties
may be evaded by the refusal to perform
them. The withdrawal of their mem
bers from Congress by the States which
resisted the General Government, was
one of the means and agencies by which
they sought to impair the authority and
defeat the action of the Government, and
that act was annulled and rendered void
when the insurrection itself was- sup
press-ed.
Neither the right of representation nor
the duty to be represented was in the
least impaired by the fact of insurrection;
but it may have been, that by reason Mb
the insurrection the eimditions on which
the enioynnlnt of that right:and the per
formance of that duty for the time de
pended could not -be fulfilled. Thit was,
in fact, the case. An insurgent power,
in the exercise of usurped and unlawful
authority in the territory under Its con
trol, had prohibited that allegiance to the
Constitution and laws of the United
States which is made by that fundamen—
tal law the essential donditiou of repre
sentation in its government. No man
within the insurgent - States was allowed
to take the oath to support the Constitu
tion of the United States, and, as a
necessary consequence, no man could
lawfully represent these States In the
counells of the Union. But this was only
an obstacle to the enjoyment of the right
and to the discharge of a duty ; It did not
annul the one nor abrogate the other;
and it ceased to exist when the usurpa
tion
by which it was created had been
overthrown, and the States had again re-
stoned their allegiance to the Constitu
tion and laws of the United Status.
TILE 'REBELLION AN iNSURRECTION
Second. But It is asserted, in support
of the authority claimed by the Congress
now in possession of power, that it flows
directly front, the laws of war; that ft le
among the rights which victorious war
always confers upon the conquerors, and
whicli the conqueror may exercise or
waive in his own discretion. To this We
reply that the laws in question relate
Solely, so far ass the rights they confer
are concerned, to. wars waged between
alien and independent nations, and can
have no place or force, in this regard, in
a war waged by a government to sup
press an insurrection of its own people,
noon its own soil, against its authority.
It we had carried on suecessful war
against any foreign nation, we might
thereby have acquired yissoision and
jurisdiction of their soil, with the right
to enforce our laws upon their people and
to impose upon them such laws and such
obligations as we might choose. But we
had before the war complete jurisdiction
over the soil of the Southern States, lim
ited only by our own Constitution. Our
laws were the only national laws in force
upon it. The Government of the United
States Was the only government through
which those States and their people had
relations with foreign nations, and its
flag was the only flag by which they
were recognized or known anywhere on
the face of the earth.
In all these respects, and in all other
respects involving national Interests and
rights, our pos.ession was perfect mid
complete. It did not need to be acquired,
but only to be maintained; and victori
ous war against the rebellion could do
nothing more than maintain it. Itcould
only vindicate and re-establish the dis
puted supremacy of the Constitution.—
It could neither enlarge nbr diminish the
authority which that Constitution confetti
upon the Government by which It was
achieved. Such an enlargement or
abridgement of constitutionul power can
to elfected only by amendment of the
Constitution itself, and such amendment
aaa,be made only Ingle Modes wilickthe
Constitution itself prescribes. The claim
tittai tin iruppnwitat; of Nn iniurrysitipa
against thtfiertruntent gins wildltiebil
authority and power to that blarcra
inent;:-especialit that it enlarges thejor
risdiction of Commie and sleds flat body
the right to exclude Matra froze represen
tation in the national councils, without
which the nation itself can have no au
thority and no existence, seems to us at
variance alike with the prieciplkw of the
Constitution and with 'the public safety.
WAY TO ADIEND THE OONSTITI7TION.
Third. But it is alleged-that in certain►
rartieu tars the Constitution of the United
States faits to secure that absolute justice
and impartial equality which the prin
ciples of our Government require• that
It was in these respects the result ofeom
promises and coneemeieas, to which how
ever necessary wht•n the Constitution
was formed, we are no ex/Impelled
to submit and that now, having the power
through successful war and Just waresot
for its exercise in the hostile ,conduct of
the insurgent sect ion. the actual govern
ment of the United Statoi may Impose
its own conditions, and make theConsti-
Lotion conform In all its provisions to its
own ideas of equality and the rights of
'man. Congress at Its last session pro
posed amendments to the Constitution,
enlarging in some very important portico.
tilers the authority of the General Gov
ernment over that of the several States,
mind reducing, by Indirect Ilisfranehlse
'inent, the representative power of the
, States In which slavery formerly existed;
and it is claimed that these amendments
may be made valid as parts of the original
Constitution without the concurrent.° of
the States to be most seriously affected by
them, or may be imposed upon those
States by three-fourths of the remaining
States, as conditions of their readmission
to representation in Congress and in the
P.:lectaral College.
PULL CONCURRENCE OP THE STATES RE,
QUIMITE,,
It is the unquestionable right of the
people of the United States to make such
changes in the Constitution as they, up.
.en due deliberation ' may deem eipedient.
]tut we insist that they shall be made In
the mode which the constitution itself
points out, in conformity with the letter
and spirit of that instrument, and - with
the principles of self-government and of
equal rights which lie ut the basis of our
republican institutions. We deny the
right of Congress to make these changes
in the fundamental taw, without the con.
•urrence of three-fourths ofall the States,
including esp , cially, those the most
Seriously affected by them ; or to impose
them upon States or people., as conditions
of representation, or of , nitmls;tion to any
§',f their rights, dutie3 or obligations
Which belong under the Constitution to
all the States alike. And with still great
er emphasis do we deny the right of any
portion of the States excluding the rest
of the. States front any share in . their
ounell4, to .prepose or sanction changes
in the Constitution which are to affect
permanently their political relations and
control or coerce the legitimate action of
the several members of the common LTuir
dn.
Such an exercise of power Is simply a
Usurpation, just as unwarrantable when
exercised by Northern States as it would
lie if exercised by Southern, and not to
lie fortified or palliated by. anything In
ttie past history either of those by whom
I is attempted or of those upon whoa
rights and liberties it is to take etibet. It
Ands no Wd rrat) t in-the Constitution. it
is at war with the fiunhuneutal prinelples
of our form of government. If tolerated
in ono instance, it becomes the precedent,
for future invasions of liberty and constis
tntional right, dependent solely upon the
Will of the party In, possession of power,
and thus leads, by direct and necessary
sequence, to the most fatal and Inrolern-
Ide of all tyrannies—the tyranny of shift
hig, and irresponsible political factious.
It is against this, the most formidable of
atl the dangers which menace the stilbil-
Ity of tree government, that the Conititus
tibu of the United States was Intended
rnost carefully to provide. We demand
a strict and steadfast adherence to Its
provisions. In this, and in this alone,
can we find a basis of perruaneut Culou
niid peace.
'.l
LovAuri. oP Titnsor . rit UNQUEMONEOI.
Fourth. But it is alleged, in justifica
thip of the usurpation which we eon-.
&min, that the condition of the Southeru
States and people' is not such as render
safe their readmission to a share in the
Government of the country ; that they
art: still disloyal In Aentimeat and pur
peso, and that neither 'the honor, the,
credit, nor the Interests of the within
would be Weir they were readmitted to
a share in Its councils, We might reply
tothis:—
1. That we have no right, for such rea
sons, to deny to ally portion of the State.
or people rights expressly conferred upon.
tlipm by the Constitution of the piilted
States.
2. That so long as their acts are those
of loyMty—so long 'as
.they conform ha
air their public conduct to the require
ments of the Constitution and laws—lVV
have no right to exact from, them con
formity in theirsentiments and opirilono
to our own.
3. That we have no right to distrust tho
purpose or the ability of the people of thy
Union to protect and defend, under all
colitingeneies, and by whatever means_
may be required, ita honor and its wel
fare.
These would, in our judgment, he full
and conclusive answers to the plea thus
advailved for the exclusion of these States
from the Union. But we any further,
that this plea rests upon a complete miss
apprehension or an unjust perversion of
existing
P ITS I' EACEA lILENESS.
Ve do not hesltate to affirm, that there
is tin section of the tountry where the
Constitution and laws of the n ited Stater.
find a More prompt and entire obedience
than in those States, and among those
peeple who were lately In arms against
them, or where there Is J'eild purpose or
d miger of any future attests pt to overthrow
authority. It would seem to be both nat
ural and inevitable that, in States and
se ions so recently swept by the whirl
wihd of war, where all the ordinary
nudes and methods of organized industry
have been broken up, alld the bonds slut
influences that guarantee social order
have been destroyed ; where thousand.
mate:is of than-mad:4 of turbulentsplrits
have been suddenly loosed from the'dls
cipline of war, and thrown, without re
sources or restraint, upon a disorganized
and chaotic FOCietrY, and where the keen
sense of defeat is added to the overthrow
of ambition and hope, seenes of viehnico
should defy for a time the imperfect dis
cipline of law, an I ,vicite anew the fears
and forebodings 4:,the patriotic and well
disposed.
It is unquestionably true that !peal die.
ttirbanees of this kind accompanied' by
more or less of violence, do still occur.
But they arc eonfinetleutirelytothecities
and larger towns of the Southern State 4,
where different races and interests are
brou4ht most closely in eontact4, old
where passions tlild resentments axe al
ways most easily ftsi and fanned ban
ouauvaks ; and even there they are quite
as much the frail of untimely and hurts
rul political agitation as of any hostility
on the part of the p. , ople to We authority
of the National ti.ivermuent. • "
AI)IIk.'SION TO TliE
But the concurr,.nt testimony of thou
best acquainted with the condition of so
ciety and the attic ofpahlie sentlthent la
the itiouth—including that of its represen
tatives In this Convention--establlshes
the fact that the great mass of the South.
ern people accept, with as full and idneern
submission as do the people of the other
states, the re-establishedsu preinacy of O.'
National authority, and are prepare], hi"
the most loyal spirit, and with Keel! '•
quickened alike by their Interest andihelr t '
pride, to co-operate with other Stikteinana' '-'
seottcom in whatever may' be neellott . 15a L ,,
defend the rights, meant& it the' hip ;i t I"
'alid ^premoto th e wollat, of coat Oditt ;;• , •'t
eouttlry. ''• ; .4 : . 1
latory offer& no instance wheys 41
pouolo, 'eo powerful lit iiaail.,+r+, rM
, v ••,*^''!".:'*"•_!.,
0