CONGRESS. PHILADELPHIA. HOUSE OF RE I'RESENT AT WES, THURSDAY, APRIt. 12, I7p 2 MILITIA BILL. The feflion empowering the President oj the United States to call out the Militia, added as an amendment to the bill by the Senate, under consideration, MR. MERCERoppofed thefeciion. He considered the fubjecft too Important to receive a halty decision ; and as the fcffion is so near its close, and no immediate necefiity exilts to inaUethe provision, he hoped it would be postponed to the next session. Mr. Steele objected to the fec'tion— he considered it as having an inaulpi cious alpeift—that it was-an insult to the majesty of the people to hold out the idea that it may be neceHary to execute the laws at the point of the bayonet. He moved as an amend ment, " that nothing in this av!t ftjall be construed to empower the Pi eli de nt to march the militia of oneitate into another." He said he had no doubt that there were in every (late a fufficient number of persons well informed, and attached to govern ment, to quell any infurreftion, and to restore good order. Mr. Ben (oh supported the fec'tion— he observed that the question mult be met some time or other—and he con ceived that it would be a perfetft nul lity to pass a militia law without the provision contemplated by the amend ment—for, he asked, to what purpose is it to constitute a militia, if they are not to be made any use of to fu.ppo.rt the laws. According to a doctrine whieh was avowed /in the lionfe yes terday, the inftittition of a militia is to enable (he individual states to op pose the encroachments which may be made on them by the general go vernment ! This he conceived was an entire new dotfrine, such a dodrine as Was never before heard of. What fort of government mult that be, which is authorized to pass J,aws, and at the lame time has nopoAer to car ry those laws into execution ? He said that' such a discretionary power was lodged in the supreme executive of the several dates, and for exacflly the fame purposes fpecified in the amend ment; and he had never heard it ob jected to before Gentlemen contend that this power is proper, as it re fpeds the several states, but highly improper as it refpeifts the govern ment of the United States. What sow of a fit nation said he, does this place this government in ? Mr. Williamfon objected to the amendment, as imperfeA in its con ftrutftion, and as containing some dan gerous principles. Mr. Livermore also opposed the amendment. Mr. Gerry opposed the amend nieht, as veiling a dangerous power ill tli-e fnpreme executive; that cir cum fiances did not render the dele gation neceflary. The people of the leyeral states appear disposed to sub mit to the laws, and foch an exigency ought not to be anticipated. Mr. Murray said he had voted in the affirmative 011 the amendment which had just been annexed to the amendment from the Senate, because it. limit ted the duration of a power which (Iruck his mind as rather large and undefined as to its obje&s. He fhoukl now vpte againfi; the whole as amended ; and he was at liberty so to do, inasmuch as he had voted for the amendment, because he wiflied, if the gift of such power was to be made to circumscribe at leafl its duration He profeflwd' himfelf a friend to ener gene government, but wiihedtocom municate such energy through well defined channels, and to fee it direst cd towards conflitutional objeifts. He would go as far as mofl men in en forcing the laws of the union—in pro viding tor the calling out of the flrength of the community topreferve peace and repel force—but he could not accede to the idea contained in the provision of' that fetfiion, which was, that the time; the cause, and the place in which the militia were to be called our ; fholild be all left to the dil'cretion of one man. The theory of the gctfernhienc warranted no Rich dereliction of power in this House, nor its delegation to another. He imagined that as the conllitution had cotitcinplU.cecl the organizing of the militia fepaiately from the pvovifion for calling them into acfin'dl service, H wonld-be most proper to fepai'ate these different objects in lcgiHation. He tl'ierefore hoped the amendment, as amended, would be negatived, and ihar a committee would be appointed immediately to bring in a bill to ac compliih its with proper mo difications. To.create and organise a militia, was one thing—to provide for calling it forth to executethe laws of the union, fupprcfs irifurredtions, and repel invasions, was another and separate object. ' These things were as separate in their natures, as they were diverfified by relative inferio rity and magnitude of objects. The ingenuity with which a weapon is formed, bears no comparifqn with the principles and wisdom under which its life and direction are to beappl : ed. Of all the offices of politics, the uioft ii kfome and delicate is that by which a legislature diredsthe military force of the community to its own corfer vation, as it presupposes lit nations i M which rcfiltance to the goveriment itfelf is contemplated. Hence wt fee a jealousy even in England of the use of the (word, when drawn agcinff any prrt of the community. Jtwas surely the duty of Congress to define with as much accuracy as poflible uole situations which are to jultify thei execution in its interposition of ami litacyforce. Thebillhehad in view, he hoped, would, attempt to mark with precision the objects the coi.'lii tuiion looked towards, under the words " execute the laws ofthe union, and suppress infurredlions." What was the occasion to warrant force of .hat species, was the fit It obje<ft—who was to judge of its exigence, was ano ther— the space or diltrirt to which ; be daught should be or not be con fined, was another—and the duration ofthe service, another. Amongthefe ■conliderations, it could not be for gotten that the civil arm was ever to be united, if not commanding; and how far the marshals and judges of the courts of the union ought not to have a power on this fubjeft, deserv ed more time than the Houfc feenied inclined at present to give this bill. He would take the occasion to declare he had no jealoujy as to abnfes of power—but this government is to be administered according to written [ law, applying to defined objects and situations. It was a government of definition, and not of ti uft and dis cretion. After the objetfts are well described upon which the military force is to a<ft, the evidence ,of the occasion fettled, and the sphere and duration limited, lie would heartily support the mod energetic mode in which the objed '/hould be reached, and the ocafionobeyed— he therefore hoped the amendment would be ne ganved, and leave given for a com mittee to bring in a separate bill B l' ARI S, April i >" letters from Hamburg and Stock holm, we learn, that the Kiiifr of Sweden died of his wound on°the 29th of March. The P.ince Royal has been proclaimed King—Durum the minority,, the kingdom will be goveined by the Duke of Sudermania in the capacity of Recent. April 6 M. Dnramhon (an eminent lawyer of Bonrdeaux) was appointed Minis ter of Jullice »n the 1 3th inftanr. Letter of M. Couviou* to the President of the National AJfembly. *. ~ P/IRIS > M April, 1702. Mr. President, I have the honor to enclose my re iignation to the office of Demuy to the National Aflembly. Were I cal led upon to express my motives, J (hould fay, that it would be too pain-, t >u to me to live any longer in a city,! where fonie magistrates of the peo- T " |,! K en t'eman was Golcal in the arnv tne United States during the late-war. 10 pie, rejoicing in the triumph of the murderers of my brother and his fel low-foldiers, have humbled the Na tional Guards, who were stepped for ward to the execution of the law. Let me be placed with true friends to the conftit ntion, and then ,it will; be seen who defend it bed, we, or the factious. I am, &c The following letter is fa id to have been vvriten by fifty Bretons, on their arrival at Coblentz, to M. D'Artois : S I R, " Tlie Bretons have the honor to pay their refpec'ts to vou ; they ask for bread, arms, and the road to Pa | ris." To which M. D'Arrois answered " I (hall have, gentlemen, the hap piness of dividing my own bread with you, of offering you my own sword (If I have no Other vreapon) and of marching at your head." The news of the of the King of Sweden is confirmed in the molt positive manner. This intelligence h&s influenced public credit, for 110 .sooner did it reach Hamburg, but it produced a rife of the exchange with France. It is to be prefunied thar Sweden, in the em-barraflinents of a minority will not attempt to join the leagues of princes to which Guftavus was so much attached, and that this event will flncken the ardor of- the Cruzaders ag'ainft the "liberties of France. Exchange at Paris on . the, j6th of April For ioo livreshard mojiey, ij6 li vres in alfignats, a louis d'or colts 40 livres 4 sols in aflignats. The above are extracted from the Gazette UniverfelJe and Journal de Paris. It said that conspiracies have, since the death of Prince Potemkin, been forming in Ruflia, and that the empire is threatened with a revolu- tlOll. NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, March 28- In tlic opening; of this -niorning's fit in g, information was received than in the department de Conral* fre(h riots have broke out, infinitely more terrible than those which haS Tome time ago been happily quelled. The chateaux are in a blaze ; and the property of individuals is a prey to the tnob. The inhabitants, Itrnck with terror, demand the in oft: speedy succours. Referred to the com mittee nf twelve. Ordered—" That the thanks of the nation be voted to the Governor of Jamaica, to the Britifli government, to the American Ccngrefs, and to the State of Pennsylvania, for the fuc coiirs granted to the colony of St. Domingo." LONDON, April j Yefterdaya nifflenger came express from Paris to the French Minister: jit is Paid, that he brings information thstthc Nsttoiis] AlTenibly, from the answer of Prince Ka unitz, had judg ed it the inoft prudent and effectual means of securing permanency to the :Conftitution to declare war ao-ainft the King of Hungary, conuder as only tampering to watch the most favorable opportunity of o vertnrning the objedts of the French! Revolution. A melTenger has been dispatched by cur government to Earl Gower at Paris, to direct him to explain, and, it poflibie, conciliate the transaction in the East-Indies. Aprh. 9. Guftavus the.Third, King of Swe den, was born in 1746, and succeeded his father in 1 730. He poflelled abi lines greatly superior to those of his predeceflbr, and had much more am bition ; his understanding had been cultivated, he had an infiuuaring ad dress, and a graceful and command ing elocution. He was at Paris when his father died, and soon after hisar iival at Stockholm, swore to preserve the conflitutiou as established in 1 772, and not to introduce absolute sover eignty. He did every thing to gain tne afFe<ftjons of the Nobles and -.he People. He gave public audiences turee times a week, and to have re ceived an injury was certain of pro curing an introduction ; he listened meane st of his fubjecfts withaf ability, and entered into the miiiu ted: details that concerned the-i i, which means he made himfelfado'ie'i' But at the fame time he was foment! tng the differences bet ween the States and, by his emiflaries, foiling di scon- among the people, until findinrr the htiline.'s ripe, he iii one hour made the whole Senate prisoners, totally overturned the mode of government rendering himfelfin fad, ,ho not in appearance, one of the mod abfolme iVionarcha in Kuropc. His death must give great joy to the : riepds of French liberty, she Swedish monarchs had long received pensions from France—and Gullavus of Holftein was an enthuli a ;i for the old government. GOUVJON The KingofSw®den married Sophia •Magdaleua in i? 7 S, Princess iloval of Denmark, by whom he had! itl'ue Gll'"* cavus Adolphus, horn Nov. 1,1778. The aflaffin of the King of Sweden had been doomed by his majetty to a long and tyrannical imp, ifonmenr for having thwarted his ambition i,i the late revolution and the overthrow of the nobles. The conspiracy was discovered to have been formed againfi more lives than that of the King, but mentions only the Duke de ashav. tng been upon the lift of proscribed Nobility. i When the packet that carried Dr. Willis to Portugal entered theTagus they were met by the royal barge with 120 oars, attended by two cut ters, one of which, enquired " If the great physician was on board which being answered in the affirmative, the other cutter drew near the pack et, and the prince and printefs of Brazil appearing on the quarter deck, the Dotfor was formally announced by the Captain ; but' declining to go on shore in ffate, was conduded to the Duke of Northumberland's hotel, where he was met by Monsieur Pinto! the late to our court, and leveral othef- diftinguiihed ages. The Syren, Capryin Manly ; the Andromeda, Capt. Salisbury-, and the Hyena, Cape Kinnier, all at Plymouth, are ordered inllantly to the Weft liicfies. TI) ecfiß uflibVis iclpeSTng ilie (lave trade will, n'o doubr, find their way to our colonies in the spee diest manner—to prevent any diftur bailees which may be produced by an. improper use of these discussions, is probably the reason for this sudden iwcre3(e of our naval force in that quarte Saturday evening the remains of the late Earl of Bute arrived at Glas gow from London, in a hearse drawn by fix liorfes, with several mourning coaches following, and lay in state that night in the Black Bull Inn there. 1 he Coffin was covered with red vel vet, on the fides of which were five large coroneis, and two stars. Yesterday Captain John Kimber, of the (hip Recovery, belonging to Bristol, was brought before Sir Sam son Wright, from the citv of Briltol and committed to take his trial for the murder of one or more Negro women, whom he was tranfporling as slaves from Calabar, iu Africa, to the Weft-Indies. The husband of a vocal heroine is fatd to liave procured a cornetcv of dragoons through superior interelb, on condition that he leaves his bag gage behind him when he goes uj>ou service. The military force at present In Canada confiftsof a detachment of ar tillery, rfhe royal fnfileers, command ed by his Royal Highness Prince Ed ward, Ihe 4th, sth, 20th, 24th, 26th, and 65th regiments of toot, and Col. Simcoe's new-raised corps. dr. Priestley's cause. In about nine hours afrer the be ginning of the trial, the jury return ed their verdict for 2f021. rßs. being 16191. i;s. gd. less than Dr. Priest ley's claim, which was 41221. lis. pd. Kings surely ' Hand on flipper)* places The prices current of monarclis, hi Europe, has lately fuffered a rapid fall. England's light—France's infig nificairr The Fmpiri's poifoned — Sweden's — Portugal's cra zy ulna's fuperanuared -I/en eak — Pruißa's triad—bnt P-o. :iark 'and's ii.. CANADA. A SCRAP ON KINGS.
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