ter time, but very dangerous if paflaule at ail, as some tides flow it two feet and more ; I pall ed it last March in this situation : This incon venience however will be avoided by palling through Exeter—and no part ot that route is lo bad in the winter time as this caufway ; 1 have heretofore travelled in the winter time through Xenfin«non and Exeter on being advil'ed ic was the belt road of the two ; and tliough there was much snow on the ground we found no anlicul ty in getting along—Hence, fir, 'tis evident to me that the mail may easily be carried from iiol ton, through Exeter to Fortfmouth 111 a day — and that the objetfion founded on the increale of distance is a mere pretence, originating m an tinwillingnefs, in the minds ot some people, iliac the mail flyiuld arrive an hour or two looner at Exeter than Portsmouth. . . The gentleman (Mr. Livermore) has laid it is a principle of the bill, that the mail shall be carried in the molt direct road from place to place, and that it will be a deviation from this principle to go through Exeter: 1 his, lir, is not ftridtly true—no such principle has been ad hered to but in a qualified sense ; and it has been departed from whenever it would accom date any considerable number of people. 1 willi here to remind the Houle of Springfield in Mas sachusetts—and Middleton, in Connecticut ; in the former inllance the direct route from Wor celter to Hartford is not through Springfield ; but a deviation of near ten miles is made to ac commodate that town : and in palling from Hart ford to New-Haven a deviation ot tour or five miles (if I am mistaken, gentlemen from that State will corredt me) is made for the purpole of accommodatingthe town of Middletown ; ma ny other instances of this nature might be ad duced—and why lliall not a small deviation be now made in favor of Exeter, especially since no inconvenience will result therefrom to Ports mouth ! 1 can fee no real'on. In order to convince ihis House that the mail, an paffiug from Boston to Portsmouth, ought not to be carried through "Exeter, the gentleman has read a Jetter frem the Polt-Mafter at Portsmouth, slating the number of letters that pass in a year, by a cross pott, to Exeter ; by which it appears the number indeed is very small. Hence he would draw an argument that the bu siness between Boston and Exeter is trifling, and not of confeqnence enough to juftify so small a deviation in the mail line of three or four—or, as the gentleman contends, of five miles. But, Mr. Speaker, this is strange logic ! and a very different conclusion results in my mind from the contents of the letter. The letter may be evi 'dence how little business is carried on between Portsmouth and Exeter, and that consequently there is no reail need of a port between thefetwo places—but it does not contain she shadow of evidence that there is no commercial business be tween Boston and other places in Maflachufetts and Exeter. If a gentleman in those places wish ed to write to Exeter, he would never think of putting his letter into the Portsmouth mail—he inuft know that ii is liable to lay fix days in the poft-ofKce at Portsmouth, and perhaps longer— while various opportunities, by a private con veyance, would pjrefent within that time. I have hitherti? admitted the additional dis tance, by going through Exeter, to be five miles —b«t, fir, fitice the\jnail ttage pafles Merrimack river, about four miles above the old ferry (the gentlemen of the house acquainted with that part of the country know the places I refer to) I can not agree that this additional dittance will be more than three miles, if so much. But, howe ver this may be, I trust I have (hewn to thefatif fa<flion of the house, that whether it be five or three, it cannot produce any inconvenience to Portfmoi)th,but mast be highly beneficial toExeter. There is another consideration, fir, thai ought to have forne weight in deciding this question — which I will mention, & fay no more—it is this : A letter that goes from Boston to Exeter, thro' Portsmouth, will ttand charged twenty-five per cent, more than if the mail was carried diredlly from Boston to Exeter—while, on the other hand, the postage of a letter from Boston to Poftfmouth is the fame, whether the mail pafsthrough Hamp ton or Exeter—because, in both of thele routes, the distance from Bofton'to Portsmouth is more than sixty miles, and Ihort of the next grade of postage. For these reasons, fir, 1 hope the house will disagree to the amendment. Mr. Smith (N.H.) observed, that he was sorry to find his colleagues differing in opinion on the Jubjeft under consideration. He had no preju dice in favor of one of the towns (Portsmouth & Exeter) above the other.—He only wished the bill might, establish that route which would best .accommodate the ttate at large. He conceited, when the fituatiori of New-Hampshire was consi dered, it would be evident that the bill as pa (Ted by the House, was better calculated to answer this purpose, than it would in cafe the amend ment proposed by the Senate (hould be; adopted. He remarked that the trade of the greater part of that state had been, and probably-would con tinue to be with Bofton—thit if the general line of the post-road fliould be eftabliflicd through Exeter, it would be to the people in the interior part of New - Hampshire, a saving of at least 25 miles in the dillance between them and Bolton— that the trade of Exeter, though within ij miles ot Portsmouth, was principally with Bolton—that it the amendment proposed by the Senate fliould lie adopted, they would be deprived of any be nefit from the eltablifhment of post-roads—that the route would be so circuitous, that the people in the interior parts of the state would probably in future, as they hnd in times past, fend their letters to Bolton, and to the fotnliward, by pri vate conveyance, rather than by post ft was easy to fee that the revenue by this means would be injured—that this circumstance would serve to account for the Itatement read from the polt mafler at Portsmouth, of the frnall number of letters sent from his office to Exeter. It was his opinion that the revenue would be oreatly in cieafed, by taking Exeter into the main pott road ; and that a contract for carrying the mail from Portsmouth to Boston, might in that cafe be obtained for as fin all a sum as by the road now used—He could not fee how this would injure Portsmouth, though it might not prove advanta geous 10 the poft-malter at that place—How far the House might think it their duty to consult the particular interest of that officer, he would not pretend to fay. He had reason to believe (though he could not speak altogether from his own knowledge) that the account given of the road by one of his colleagues and the gentleman from MaHachufetts, was a jnft one. — Upon the whole, considering the amendment as not calcu lated to promote the advantage of the Hate he had the honor to represent, he fliould vote a gainst it. MONDAY, February 13. Mr. S. Bourne, from the committee on enrolled bills, informed the Speaker, that the committee, on Friday last, wailed on the President of the United States, and presented to him, for his appro bation, the bill to eftabhfh the poll-office and post-roads within the United States. A committee was appointed, pursuant to Mr. Sterret's motion, to bring in a bill to continue in force an ast declaring the assent of Congress to certain acts of the States of Maryland, Georgia, and Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations. The House relumed the consideration of the hill relative to the election of a President and Vice-President of the United States, and declaring the officer who (hall ast as President in cafe of va cancies in the riffices both of President and Vice-Prefident. After some debate, on a motion made to amend the bill, by the addition of a clause to confine the number of electors to the num ber of Senators and Representatives in Congress at the time such electors shall be chosen—the bill, together with the proposed amendment, was ordered to be recommitted to a committee of the whole House, and made the order of the day for to-morrow. The House then resolved itfelf into a committee of the whole on tbe representation bill—Mr. W. Smith in the chair. The ratio of representation was fixed at thirty thousand by the committee—Yeas 30, Nays2t. A motion made by Mr. Mercer, to fubdifute the fird day O&ober, 1792, indead of the 4th day of March, 1793, as the pe 'riod after which the representation is to be increnfed, gave 1 rfe to a short debate ; the committee rose without taking the vote on this motion, and reported progress. Adjourned, TUESDAY, February 14. The fifhery bill was brought in enrolled, and signed by the Speaker. Mr. Sterret reported a bill, declaring the assent of Congress to a certain ast of the date of Maryland, &c. which was read the fird and second time, and made the order of the day for Monday next. In committee of the whole, on the bill relative to the elefton of a President and Vicc-Prefidcnt, &c. Mr. Muhlenberg in the cnair. The motion for inferring a clause to redri£t the number of the electors to the number of the present Senate and House of Repre sentatives, was negatived. Mr. Sturges observed that he supposed the clause had been re jr&ed on account of its being indefinite and complex—-he there fore renewed the motion in a more funple form. This motion, after some debate, was negatived. Mr. Gerry then moved a clause which provides that the num ber of ele&ors shall be equal to the number of Senators and Re prefentalivcs the dates shall by law be entitled to at the time the President and Vice-Pielident shall enter on their refpe&ive offices. A proviso was added,.by which the exiding numbers of Congress shall regulate the number of the electors, in cafe th£ apportion ment of Representatives shall not nave been compleated agreeable to a preceding ennmeration. Tim amendment, with the pro viso, was, after further debate, agreed to. The committee then rose and reported this amendment to the House—the House took the fame ; the question being divided, the firft part was carried in the affirmative—ayes 29 —noes 21. The proviso was then put and agreed to-—and the bill ordered to be read the third time to-morrow. Mr. Mercer had leave of absence for three weeks. A mefTage was received from the Senate by Mr. Secretary Otis, informing that the Senate have passed a bill regulating precedes in the judicial courts of the United States, and providing com pensations for jurors and witnedes. The Fishery Bill was presented to the President of the United States for his approba ion. this day. Adjourned. FOR THE GAZETI E OF THE UNITED STATES. IT seems to be as easy to form a recipe to write a good flinging piece against the government, as \o make a pudding. Minis terial puffers, the pomp and parade of government, court syco phants, parasites, worshippers of power, See. are all prodigiously smart sayings. Like common swearing, they give a life and bold ness to writing, Which raise it a mile above the sneaking vulgar (tyle. You may be sure the writer of a piecc abounding with those excellencies, wears a cocked hat, and impolesfilence and re fpeft in every company, which has the happiness to oemadewiler bv his wisdom. It is really an happy thing to fee these lafhiona ble phrases brought over sea to relifti our insipid politics: they have long needed spicing. A formal fellow, who is in the old homefpuu way, after reading a smart piece in the newspaper, told me he did not know what the foohfti fellow (there he meant me, for I wrote the piece) could mean by those huffifh, outlandish terms of abuse on the government. Why, said he, and was there ever such a fool betore, do we not make the government and unmake it at our pleasure ? The public governs the Congiefs. The considerate, and very often the mconfiderate opinion of the public, is obeyed.—He was going on in this strain—but I thought he talked so queer ly, that I left him abruptly. Z. 335 Philadelphia, February i By the bft accounts from France it appears, that a report had been . .related in Paris, of the King's intending to escape from the kingdom. This report badexcred great nneafinefs m the tourt— to do away the tmprrflions it might have made, a letter was written to the Mayor by the tylinilter of the h'.rne depart, mcnt, at the command of ihc Kir.g. 1 he King has written to his brothers, urging them by every motive that can influence good citizens, to return 10 the bosom o' : their country ,n peace. There are great appearances of warl'ke preparation on the part "f the emigrants—the Emprelsof Ruflia favors their designs it is laid—.this, however, is an old (lory. S.ime fpmted decrees againlt the emigrants have pasTed the National Alfembly,. and have been presented to tr-e King tor his approbation; he has fulpepded his decision, till the rcfujt of the itieafures he had tak.-rf were known. The States of Brabant have agreed to acknowledge the fovc. ol the Emperor's Council ; hv whicli means" it appears that peace and confidence are fully reftorcd. The English papers contain very lengthy and minute details of the movements of their army «nder Lord Corriwdllis in the Ealf- Indies. After an action with Tippoo, in which the English jolt 300 men, his Lordship was obliged to retreat from betore Serin gapatam, and suspend his grand for the present. Authentic extraff of a letter from a gentleman of the tejl information at Havre, dated October 15. <c Our harvest has not turned out quite lb well as last ye«r. We shall he in want, not here but at Nantes, Bordeaux, and Bayonne. Those provinces mull depend upon Grangers for supplies; for the more fertile parts of France have not idea of succouring those of a contrary description, and if they had, the means of transmitting their produce are ohitrufted. About fifteen days since the English opened their fea-poits to us; notwithstanding which, I have reason to think that the inhabitants of the United States will not be disappointed of a good market in fending their grain to the above mentioned ports." Another letter from the fame gentleman, dated Oft. 27, men tions as follows " Virginia tobacco is ieihng from 34 to 40 livres per cwt. This is reckoned a good price," A motion was lately made in the Aflfembly of the State of South-Carolina to request their representatives in Congress to use their influence to obtain a repeal of the exctfe—The motion was negatived by a majority of two only !! !! N. B. It does not appear that any fubllitute for the excise was proposed. What would be the effect of a transfer by sale to the Northward, of all the public Securities now in the Southern States, fays a cor respondent, time only can disclose. ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS, The conftitutfon of the state of Mafiachufetts, has made it ex pressly the duty of the legislature to patronize and encourage the UniverHtv at Cambridge. Such a fait will aflift future historians in wr ting the history of this age. It is owing to the annual grants of money by the legislature of that Hate, that the University ot Cambridge has grown up tofuch celcbiity. That state will demht lefs pursue the policy which the wife example of their forefathers and their constitution have made so refpeftable—and by continiir ing their public affiflance in money, extend the fame and ufeful nefs of that ancient leminarv of learning. It is to be hopeo that every state will turn its attention to this important object. It is much to the honor of the state of North-Carolina, that they have applied five thousand pounds to the cftablifhmcnt of a Univcrfity. These instances do honor to our country, in our eyes and in thole of foreign nations ; and they tend, by spreading igeneral know ledge, to give the greatest degree of security to our liberties. In this country, time and prosperity travel together. Without being a prophet, with pen and ink a man may compute with to-* lerable certainty, the grade of our advancement at any future pe riod. There is some danger in this very fecuiity—We talk of our happiness as a nation, as of a property which we hold by deed—. a blefling which misfortune cannot interrupt, nor our toolifhjea loufies and rivalfhips spoil after we have got it—But we run one hazard—breaking the Union—Heaven defend us.—The idea aU molt flops the pulse of the heart. But as common danger makes friendfhips, fecuntv breaks them. In the American Dictionary disunion (lands for every word of evil import—lt becomes every good American to cultivate national fentinients, and to support with all his powers a free federal government, which if it lads, will make us the happied, and if it falls the most degraded wretch ed people in the universe. In consequence of the funding fydem, the southern dates expe rienced a general refurre6lion of the credit of their paper se curities; but conceiving that the circumstance was merely the temporary inflation of a balloon, as soon as it appeared to rife, those dates feaiing that it would fall again, cut the firings, and lep it ascend-—Hence we may account for two millions of dollars, ac r cording to the calculation of a learned gentleman, having found a stationary point in a higher latiiude. For 'tis an old and juJI opinion, Good.paper from the Svuth dominion ; Like eagles when full jledg'd tuillJly t And perch beneath a northern Jky. How often, and how solemnly, is Congress warned againften* croaching on the state governments—these warnings and admoni tions are heard from the legislators both of the general and date governments-—they are presented on every occasion, " line upon line, and precept upon precept," in doors and out. Yea, it has been said, " better difTolve the union than encroach on the state governments"—Very well ; but let us now advert to the other fide of the exhibition—here we find no apprehensions, dangers or terrors, are entertained—although the odds againdthe general go vernment are as 14 to I—and the indances of dates attempting to legislate for the union, are flagrant and numerous. What conftru&ion mud difpaflionate, difintereftcd persons, friends to the union, on the present confederation, put on such condutt ! [The following lines were omitted in the l&Jl Gazette for want of room. ] Allowance, or a bounty, which to pay, Kept a decision five whole days at bay ; To guard the conftiiution, how absurd, To quibble Jive whole days about a word ! New-York papers received by yciterday's mail were da ted, some in January—others thefirftof February. PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES. FUNDED DEBT. 24/7 P r - L ' M/ 8 "5/ 6 pr. Cents 3 pr. Cents Defered 6 pr.Cents UNFUNDED DEBT. Final Settl. and other Certificates 22\f 110 do. Indents 13/4 14V 7° do, halt snares Bank Stock— 103 per cent premium. i? 3 P r - cent. ?3j do. 75 do.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers