c: 1' :; . I S'I 1, WI.UVKSDAYS AND SATURDAYS B , ~J,W FEMNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SZ«W/> AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA. [No. of Vol. lII.] From tht (Hartford) AMERICAN MERCURY. The patriot TtyT Y concluded with reciting the induce nients proper to be held out to h.-ad trades men, concerned in certain manufadares, to en able them to take the children of such poor fa milies, as apprentices, as were unable to furnifh their children in the manner now practifexl. 1 hisfpeculation fliall be devoted to the conside ration of such further inducements to letting up and prosecuting the manufactures of linen, cot ton, and woollen, as may be neceflary for fully inrvoducing andeffeifluaily efla'olifliingthofe ina nu.aiures. f lax is amongit the productions of almoil every farm ; yet we have it not in faflici eiit plenty n;;c! perfection for the purpose of carrying 011 extensive manufactures. It is how ever reasonably to be expected, that every year will add to the quantity brought to market—and that the quality will be proportionably improved. Nothing will expedite this defireable end so much as the establishment of a linen and cotton manufacture. Fine bearled flax is not neceflary e ".' ler / or ri ggi"g or duck—neither will the price given for flax in those manufactures enable the farmers to prepare their flax properly for market. When ever there is a demand for flax to make fine cloth, then the farmers will raise better flax, and dress it in another manner. The more certain and constant the demand for any articles, and the higher the price, the more will there be of that article at market. Let Congress compel the owners of every ship orvef fel to make the firft Tuit of fails of American duck—and let thisftate in the mean time give a moderate bounty on every piece of duck manu factured in the Hate—This would effectually an swer the purpose. Let them give a premium or bounty of two Ihillings on every piece of linen, or linen and cotton cloth, not less than 24 yards a "d i yards wide, of the value of is. 6d. per yard —For every piece of furh cloth not less than 24 yards long and ayard wide, of the value of two ihillings per yard, a bounty of 2S. 6d.— tor every such piece of the value of 2*. 6d. per yard, a bounty of 4s —And for every such piece of the value of 3s. per yard, a bounty of 6s.— In every cafe the cloth for which the bounty is claimed, must have previouily deen fold to fbme merchant residing in the Itate, at the above pri ces, or higher. Similar and indeed greater bounties should be given on all woollen goods manufactured in this ltace, and fold by the piece to the merchants for retailing—The reason is obvious—The price of flax and cotton in this country is as low, or even lower than in Europe ; But their manufactories have the advantage of machinery to expedite labor which we lack. But as to wool, the cafc is materially different ; that article is at least doable the price here that it is in England—and their workmen have the fame advantage over ouvs in refpeft of machinery, as in the other branches—and also in refpetft of dye fluffs. It is abfoiutely neceflary that we overcome all these abltacles. Patience, patriotifin and perseverance, with the aid of government, will soon effedt what we wish. Let the monied man assist the artisan—Let the wealthy farmer gi'e the manu facturer p. reai'onable credit for his wool, that the manufacturer, in turn, may give a reasona ble credit to the merchant on his cloths—Let our legislators, our judges, our councellors our at tornies, and clergy (who should set a good ex ample in this as in every other refpecft) be cloth ed in the manufactures of the ltate—we need not fear that others will follow so laudable an example —we then {hall fee our villages well in habited, and growing to the size of our largest towns—our towns into cities, instead of their dwindling into solitary places, and deserted vil lages 1 am well aware that Biitifh merchants, Bri tish agents, and all these Anglofied Americans wno tui ii up their noses at every thing which is not Bfiiifli, will effedt to turn my proje<Jts into ridicule, and :reat the Patriot as a lunatic, or at bed, jis a well meaning, but weak, visionary projector. Yet setting aside their interested views—why fliould they treat my projects with contempt? No doubt the fitft attempts to esta blish ilie woollen manufa<Aure in England was as much decried. Their attempt to establish the Cotton and Silk manufactures was more objedi onable than an attempt of the fame kind would Saturday, May 21, 1791. be in this country, They have surmounted all the obstacles that oppof'ed or impeded those eftablifliments in that country ; and I have no doubt we ihall finally surmount every obltacle here. The more public or private encourage ment is given our artisans and manufactures, the sooner this great national object will be ef fected. Maflachufetts has set us a good exam pie in this refpecft—they have given a bounty of Bs. for every piece of duck manufactured in the state—this has induced monied men to become concerned in that business, and there is thebeft grounds for believing the business will succeed ; and be continued after the bounty shall cease. They lw-ve lately made a very large donation to the owners of the cotton manufactory, which will probably induce them to pursue the under taking with vigor. As our manufactures in crease, heavy imports will doubtless be laid by the general government on the importation of foreign manufactures, which will operate as a bounty on our own ; and will accelerate their final eltablifhixenr, and bri-'g them to that state of perfection as fiiall render all importations needless. fOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES. ODE TO B I R TH A. A -LjIND (iocs disease thy bosom grieve ? O had I known it at an earlier hour, I would have strove thy sorrows to relieve, Have torn thee from the tyrant Sickness' power, And bade thy aching breast delight receive. I would have fat the lingering, painful, eve, With various talk the lonely moments cheer'd ; Have, with unwearied hand, thy head fuftain'd Whole nights; and soothed thee as thou had'ft complain'd ; And heal'd thee with affe&ion long ciidear'd. for I have known the hand of hard disease; Have felt opprefTive fickncfs at my foul ; Seen dcaih-]:ke paleness o'er my features spread ; And mark'd the life-fupporting current freeze, t rorn hollow eyes, oi blue defps<r, the big tears roU • And j ;in'd. in anguifh'd fancy, with the dead. Yet then, even then, I cast a lingering look On all the business of beloved mankind ; While each adieu, each fond farewd, I took, Still left a wish, for one more view, behind. *Twas then new pleasures burst upon my mind, New w)Qies agitated all my bteaft; And hope, and paflion, and affettion, joio'd, With life-reviving health again my bosom blefs'd. Such are the joys I offer to thy view. For what a greater iranfport can afford Than to behold affe£tion, virtue new, And lovely goodness, o'er creation pourd ? To fee refinement new-born raptures ihew ? And happiness, by you, to earth restored ? To fee the enchanting lmile Of sweet benevolence expand, And o'er the human face diffufe new light; What hath such power affli&ion to beguile, And foofche the woe-worn heart with comfort bland ? What greater pleasure can the foul delight ? To let imagination stray, And wanton in celestial day; To fee Creation's second birth, And Heavefi, descending, blcfs the Earth ; To view new beauty clothe the plain, And rapture hail M«fliah's reign ; To mark death, anguish, and ciifeafe, And vice, no more pollute the breeze; To fee perfc&ion's glorious heirs, Triumphant o'er life's little cares, To new attainments daily grow ; With nobler virtue hourly glow ; And, bofom'd in immortal peace, In God's felicity incieafe; To love with frefher truth inclined ; And gaining on the eternal Mind : What nobler transports can the foul possess ? What richer joy the sympathetic bosom bless ? REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE, On the fubjc£t of rhe CODAND WHALE FISHERIES, [CONTI NUED.] ENGLAND is the market for the greater part of our spermaceti oil. They impose on allour oils, a duty of eighteen pounds five shillings sterling the ton, which, as to the common kind, is a prohibition, as has been before observed, ard as tothat of the sper maceti, gives a preference of theirs over outs to that amount, so as to leave in the end, but a scanty benefit to the fifherman ; and not long since, by a change of conftru£tion, without any change of the law, it was made to exclude our oils from their ports, when carried in our own'vcflels. On some change of circumstance, it was construed back again to the reception of our oils ; on paying always, however, the fame duty of eighteen pounds five shillings. This fervesto (hew that the tenure by which we hold the admis sion of this commodity in their markets, is as precarious as it is hard. Nor can it be announced that there is any disposition on 25 ELLA, [Whole No. 215.] 'heir part, to arrange this, or any other commercial matter, to mu tual convenience. The exparte regulations which they have he gun for mounting their navigation on the ruins of ours, nan only _>e opposed by counter regulations on our part. And the loss of seamen, the natural confequcnce of loft and obftruCled markets (or our fifh and oil, calls in the firft place, for serious and timely at tention. It will be too late when the seaman (hall have changed his vocation, or gone over to another interest. If we cannot re cover and secure for him these important branches of employ ment, it behoves us to replace them by others equivalent. We have three nurseries for forming seamen 1. Our coasting trade, already on a fafe footing. 2. Our fifheries, which in spite of natural advantages, give just cause of anxiety. J 3. Our carrying trade, the only refonrce of indemnification for what we lose in the other. The produce of the United States, which is carried to foreign markets, is extremely bulky. That part of it now in the hands of foreigners, and which we may re sume into our own, without touching the rights of those nations who have met us in fair arrangements by treaty, or the interests of those, who, by their voluntary regulations, have paid so just and. liberal a refpeft to our interests, as being measured back to them again, places both parties on as good ground, perhaps, as treaties could place them : the proportion, I fay, of our carrying trade, which may be resumed without affecting either of these defcrip tionsof nations, will find constant employment for ten thousand Icamcn, be worth two millions of dollars annually, will go on augmenting with the population of the United States, secure to us a lull indemnification for the seamen we lose, and be taken wholly from those who force us to this ast of felf-proteflion, in navigation. Hence too would follow that their Newfoundland (hips, not re ceiving provisions from us in their bottoms, nor permitted (by a law of their own) to receive in ours, mail draw their fubfiltence from Europe, which would increase that part of their expences in the proportion of four to seven, and so far operate as a duty towards rcftoring the level between them and us. The tables No. 2 and 12, will (hew the quantity of tonnage, and consequently the mass of seamen whose interests are in distress ; and No. 17, the materials for indemnification. If regulations, exattly the counterpart of those established a gainst us, would be ineffe&ual from a difference of circumftaices, other regulations equivalent can give no reasonable ground of complaint toany nation. Admitting their right of keeping their markets to themselves, ours cannot be denied of keeping our carrying trade to ourselves. And if there be any unfriend ly in this, it was in the firft example. Thelofs of seamen unnoticed, would be followed by othei los ses in a long train. If we have no seamen, our ships will be use less, consequently our (hip timber, iron and hemp ; our (hip-build ing will be at an end, (hip-carpenters go over to other nations, our young men have no call to the sea, our produce carried in fo reign bottoms, be fadiled with warfreight and insurance in times of war; and the history of the last one hundred years, shews that the nation which is our carrier has three years of war for every four years of peace. (No. 18) We lose, during the fame periods, the carriage for belligerent powers, which the neutrality of our flag would render an incalculable source of profit; we lose at this moment the carriage of our own produce to the annual amount of two millions of dollars, which in the poflible progress of the encroachment, may extend to five or fix millions, the worth of the whole, with an increase in the proportion of the increase of our numbers. It is easier as well as better, to stop this train at its entrance, than when it (hall have ruined or banilhed whole clafies ofufeful and industrious citizens. It will doubtless be thought expedient that the resumption fug geftcd should take effett so gradually as not to endanger the loss of produce for the want of transportation ; but that, in order to cre ate transportation, the whole plan (hould be developed, and made known at once, that the individuals who may be disposed to lay themselves out for the carrying business may make their calcula tions on a full view of all circumltances. On the whole, the historical view we have taken of these fifti enes provts they arc so poor in themselves as to come to nothing with distant nations, who do not support them from their trca furies. We have seen that the advantages of our pcfition place our fifheries on a ground lomewhat higher, such as to relieve our trea sury from the neceflity of giving them support, but not to permit it to draw support from them, nor to dispense the government from the obligation of effectuating free markets for them, that for the great proportion ofour salted fifh, for our common oil, and a part ot our fpermacani oil, markets may perhaps, be prefeived by friendly arrangememstowards those nations whose arrangements are friendly to us, and the rcfidue be compeni'ated by giving to the seamen thrown out of business the certainty of employment in another branch of which we have the sole disposal. February lft, 17Q NEW-YORK, April 30, The present Empress of Rulfia, born in the year 1729, was a German Princefc, daughter of Chril tian Augustus, Prince of Anbalt Zereft, and in 174J, married Peter the Illd. a Sovereign diitin gui(hed for his folly and vices, who after his ascending the throne was weak enough to wear the Prussian Uniform, profefs himfelf a soldier of Frederick (the public enemy of his country) attempted to cut the beards of his Clergy, and was the avowed foe of literary improvement. After a turbulent reign of about fix months, he was deposed by the united concurrence of hit fubje<fts—who, in July, 1762, bellowed the Dia dem upon liis wife, the present Empress, who then changed her name of Sophia Augnfta for that of Catharine Alegriewna the second. She is, undoubtedly, very ambitious; but excepting the great Leopold, is the firft Legislator of the present age; the protestor of her people, iu re lieving the miseries of her pealants; and has by a series of mod brilliant achievements and afto- nifhing fuccefles, raifod the Ruffian Empire to a height of glory, which now threatens to overturn the balance of Europe. THOMAS JEFFERSON, Secretary of State. (To be continued.)
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