BOSTON, Nov. 12. It is a remarkable fac r t, in favor of the utility «f moral chararter, in human affairs,that thethree perfonaees who appear to conduct or sustain, by their influence and abilities, the government of three great nations, are all men of fair private character. It is hardly neceUaryto mention that thefethree men are WASHINGTON, in the Uni ted States—FAYETTE in France—and PITT in Great-Britain.— Tho fhallon) politicians flill ?/iay branil, That public character is all in all, , Tis sals as ga?uejler's oaths—or air—or hell Who errs in private never can rule well. Accounts from Rome, llate, that the noted Caglioftro is perfectly recovered of his lateindif polition—and that on a report being spread that lie was to be enlarged,the government immediate ly planted double guards upon him to prevent thepoflibility of his escape. To the splendid luminArtes of the Temple of Fame, in the elder world, whose radiance hath lately been extinguished-—we can, with regret, add three in the new world, whose emanations were not lels refulgent. With a FRANKLIN, who in philuj'ophy ,fcicr,ctx\\A Lgijlation, lhone with peculiar splendor, one lamp went out. With a LIVINGSTON, whose philosophic, Jcitntific, and Isgiflat'tve knowledge rendered him also a blaze of light, the feconcl lamp expired-—and we have recently seen the extinction of the third !a?np, in the death of a BOWDOIN, who flione equally resplendent with the others, in philosophy, in fai ence, and in legijlation. But are we without con folatiun ' No—They lhall yet ihine with undi miniflied lustre in the temples ofimmortality ! N E W-Y O R K, November 22. Some years ago ; (in the time of the late war) a citizen of Phi-, ladelphia, well known forhrs (kill in mechanics as well as in nau tical matters, set up a ship at Kenftngton near Philadelphia upon three keels. Some subsequent occurrences, however, prevented the completion of the design ; old prejudices got thebeftcr of right reason ; and the pcrfon who afterwards purchased the frame'had two of the keels taken out, and the middle one left, as usual. Pro jcftoTs and men of curiosity, were much disappointed at the defeat of the scheme, as it was ex pelted a vessel upon this plan, would have had unspeakably superior advantages in holding mind, over the common models. The idea it seems, has since been taken up in England, and last year a ship was built in that country, called the Experiment, with two keels ; and has been found more than to answer the cxpetted purpose. " I failed (fays the Captain, in a letter to his owner) from Burnt-Island, June 10th, with the wind at Weft, which on Sunday fhiftedto the North, blowing cxceflive hard, with a great running sea—hauled up the (hip close by'the wind—carried a deal of fail on her to keep her to windward she was then going five or fix miles per hour, and I found, by my observations, that (he had made good thecourfe, that was fleered, notwithstanding the great sea that was on her broadside. I made .the Naze of Norway the 14th, and arrivedat Gottenburgh the 16th She carries a very weatherly helm." These keels, it is said, are so fafhioned as (tho* the ship heels ever so always to keep a perpendicular position to the ho rizontal line of the Sea, tlie fame as when she {lands upright; so that it is evident they inuft take such a powerful hold of the water under the (hip, as to admit of scarcely any leeway; and where there is no leeway a vessel, from the natural pressure to lee-ward, "when close hauled, mull of consequence make the greater head way. Besides other advantages attendant upon a ship's making no lee-way, the moll confiderable|are Ift. the being able by this means to keep an exa£t reckoning, which can never be done, in vessels of a contrary description, and 2dly, the excellent quality of clawing «ff lec-lhores in hard gales ; for want of which in the common •ffru&ure of vessels, many lives and cargoesare loft every year. Philadelphia, Nov. 27. A paragraphift in the General Advertiser of Thursday last, reprobates in very forcible terms, the mode of voting viva voce, in popular electi ons, as praiftifed in some of the states. This abuse, fays he, strikes at thevery root of all good and free government —poisons the very source from which it flows. It is impoflible in this manner of voting, that elections should be free.—A candidate that has great wealth and influence, on whom the liveli hood of many may depend, will inevitably awe all his dependants to support him. Men who owe to him their employment, or have received his bribes, dare not openly oppose him. Even a man's friends, those who are not dependant up on him, but are only in habits of intimacy, can not well refufe to support him, left this (hould interrupt that intercourse that subsists between the families. Whenevertoo the popular current runs violently in any particular diretfiion. it is hardly fafe to bear up against it. Many who think differently from thegr.eat body of the peo ple, will be reluiflantly hurried down,the gene ral stream. Many, rather than come forward openly to avow their sentiments, will consent to ■wave their privilege of voting. We fee !<>metimes, affin Baltimore very lately, that out of several thousand votes, all, except two or three, are in favor of the fame persons ; tho the very connections and intimate friends of the opposite candidates, must have amounted toacoii fiderable number—and all those who favored their interest, to many hundreds. This method of voting will inevitably intro duce corruption and intrigue into the ele&ions. This is undoubtedly one cauf'e of the corruption of elections in Great-Britain ; and in some parts of the United State*, where this method is adopt ed, the eleAions resemble those of England, They are little better than an auction, where the poll is set up to public sale, and is struck off to the highest bidder. „ * The difference between the flaies that make use of these two methods, is very ltrikin"-, ;lnc l places their true influence in the ftromrelf light —In thole Hates where the mode of vofing is bv ballot, it would be exceedingly indelicate, and indtfed would be confidercd as great presumption and effrontery tor a man to come forward and hold himl'elf up to the public as qualified for the higher polls of the government, and endeavor to procure interest. In some parts of the United States, where they vote viva voce, men, inltead of being brought forward by the voice of their country,or their friends,publicly advertise them selves, openly solicit interest, and ride about the country to beg and buy all ,;the votes they can colled:. And to close this indecent scene, the candidates while the election is going on,are fre quently seated upon the hustings, exposed to pub lic view, to tamper with every ele<aor that comes to vote Wealth, where eledlions are free, if not at tended with some degree of ability, is no recom mendation to a candidate ; but where the viva voce method is adopted, it is the great, fouietiines the only requisite, To these observations a correspondent adds,that the pra<3ice of keeping an elec'iion open for a number of days, and sometimes weeks together, is attended with many objections ; the mode is vexatious, and unnecellarily expensive to tliepeo ple. Opens the door to intrigue and cabals, and is subversive of freedom. In many of the states the election is held on the fame day thtoughout the government. The acconnts of French affairs which have been recently Jaid before the public, are so vague, so extravagant, and contraditfory, that it is very dif ficult to form any definite ideas of their real si tuation. The English statements of the excelles which may have taken place, from former exam ples, we may suppose are exaggerated. On the other hand, the enthusiastic admirers of the pro ceedings of the National Aflembly, as is very na tural, may think too lightly of the uneafinefles which prevail, and may attempt to diminish the real magnitude of the outrages committed in the provinces. The friends of" the French Revolu tion, and such is every patriot American, mull however feel alarmed for the cloud which is im pending at the present moment, in the form of paper money. If the proposed emission of Affignats, or Bank Notes, could be turned, as by a Itroke of magic, into solid coin, and diffuled over the faee of the empire, it would depreciate the value of the pre cious metals in such manner, as nearly to destroy their use as amedium ; butfuch a flood of paper money, we know, by fad experience, mull create confulion, and every evil work. The late tragical event at Nanci, in France, is so variously represented, that one cannot deter mine where the blame ought to be fixed. There is undoubtedly a disposition very appar ent to criminate the condod: ofM. de Bouille, as harboring unfriendly designs refpecfting the revolution. On the other hand it appears pro bable, that ere this, funeral hoaors have been de creed to the memory ofthofe, of his little army, who fell in the attack at Nanci. On the whole, the information derived thro the medium of the proceedings of the National Aflembly, is alone to be depended on ; for it may be prefumed,that as the enemies of the Revolution are at this time very alert, nine out of ten of the « letters from Paris," in the Engliih papers, are mere fabrica tions, without any foundation in truth. While the patriot and the citizen of the world cannot but admire, as moral theories, the many humane and fublinie decisions of the National AiTemblyof France on the Rights of Man, there is a solemn pause imposed on their admiration in contemplating the probable iflue of many of their resolutions, through the natural versatility, and obftiijacy ,of mankind. The progress of light and truth is gradual, where prejudice does not impede their operation ; but habits and falfe principles often prove an insuperable barrier to their force and influence, and always require time, to be removed, previous to the admission of just and reasonable conceptions. To this state of things may perhaps be princi pally attributed the embarraflments which check in any ineafure, the completion of the French re volution : Even in America, it required a num ber of years to prepare the public mind for its emancipation from the power of Britain. While the government of the United States is adminiftred on its true principles, by men who merit and poflefs the confidence of the people, as at present, every attempt to interrupt its opera tions, or weaken the general confidence in our civil rulers, whether by designing demagogues, (licklers for independent State Sovereignty, or interested afl'ociations of individuals 111 uft prove abortive—fortho particular persons, in a corner ot the Union, may raise a clamor, declaim against public measures, and employ the press as the medium of inflammatory add: elTes—yet there is a cool judgement, a laudable spirit of deliberative candor, which diftinguiflies the people of the U> 655 nited States, and leads them impartially to weigh, and leisurely to decide, upon every fubjeift ftib initted to public investigation : They also fully realize, that the expejice of fupportirig govern ment is a useless burthen, if an appeal mult be made in the firlt inftbnee to the whole body of ihe people in all cases of real or supposed griev ance. Ihe constitution is express in this point, and it is certainly more decent, as well as more consonant to the principles of freedom, to brino every public injury to that tribunal which is com petent to doing all poflible justice—the le<nfla ture of the union. & Internal refourcesconftitute the linews of Inde< pendence : The United States are making such rapid progress in manufactures and agriculture, that in a few years, they will be able not only to supply their own demands, buttofurnifh a large excess of a variety of articles for exportation.— Our coailing-tradeis already supplied with feve jal species of goods, which are vended principal-' ly in the southern States, upon terms, that have eflentially diminished the importation of funilar tabricks from Great-Britain—the principal arti cle now referred to, is coarse linen-cloths : The encouragement for the railing of hemp isfo great, that it is not perhaps being too fanguine'to that the time is. not very remote, when foreign cordage willceafeto be imported : Iron and Duck are manufaifiured in great quantities, and in the highest perfection. The profpedl that is before us in refpeft to the carrying-trade, is highly flattering : The difficul ties and prejudices which have heretofore exist ed, are daily fubfiding-and vanishing : Our re putation as lhip-builders is eftabliflied—to this the natural advantages wepoflefs, that enable us to build and vicflual cheaper than any other coun try, must very soon give decided preference to American bottoms, in all parts of the world: Al ready have we seen (hips ot great burthen sent out of our ports—the work of our own country men, so completely, that there was Icarcely an imported article in their composition, from the keel, to the capon maintop gallant-mast-head. MARRIED] —AtNew-Y'irk, by the Rev. Dr. Rodgcrs Mr. Prosper Wetmore, to Miss Catheitine McEuen. LATEST ARRIVALS AT THIS PORT. Shooner Sally, Florancc, Sr. Thomas, Penelope, Morgan, Tobago, — Bess, Spencer, Grenada. PRICE CURRENT. PUBLIC SECURITIES. FUNDED DEBT. 6 pr. Cents 14f pr. £. 3 pr. Cents 7/4- 7/5. Dcfdcd 6 pr. Cents 6/3. UNFUNDED DEBT. Final Settl. and other Certificates izf6 —12/8. Indents 7/4 State debts 8/4. 8/5. Postscript.. BY THE MAIL ARRIVED LAST EVENINQ. PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 27. Arrived at Bojlon the 17th injl. the Ship Dispatch. Capt. D. Lor ino in 49 days from Liverpool, who brought papers to the 27th of Sept from which the following intelligence has been extracted. LONDON, September 25. A COUNCIL was held yesterday at the Duke of Leed's office, Whitehall, when Capt. Mac ponald, a gentleman his paflen ger, and hisfervant, were examined refpe&ing the treatment from, the Spanifli commodore. This extraordinary circumstance was di feu fled with the utmost candour and preciiion. Immediately aftertheirexamination, exprefles were sent to coU left every one of the hands who had been in the Trelawney Plan ter, to be brought to town, for the purpose of having them exa mined. Orders have been sent to the different men of war to fend to town any of the hands who were prefled, and are on board of our navy. The Council, after clofwgtheir enquiry, immediately appointed a Charge des Affaiies to the Court of Copenhagen, who was with uncommon anxiety, dire&ed to take his departure last night, with out permitting him to adjust any domestic concerns. By private letters from Paris, we learn, that M. Necker was to set off for Switzerland on Saturday last. A report prevails, that on Wednesday last it was publickly an nounced at Paris, that the Duke of Orleans had declared in fa vor of the French King, Ou the fame evening the people of Paris, to the number of 40,000, colle&ed at the gates of the National Aflembly, and be ing headed (as was supposed) by the Duke of Or leans, attempt ed to force an entrance, and persisted with all the violence imagin able for several hours. At length,about the hour of three o'clock on Thursday morning, they were all dilperfed bv the National Guards,and we have not heard of any material miichief having happened. But the whole city was in the greatest fermentation when these accounts came away. RUMORS. That the late Resolutions of the House of Delegates in Virginia on the Aflumption, are regretted by the majority that pa fled them. That the Land Tax of tha. State will probably be tepealed in the present feflion of their Aflembly, notwithstanding the late re solutions against the aflumption. Also that the Allembly of North-Carolina are moving in the bu» finefs of Aflumption. IMPERIAL, HYSON, SOUCHONG, and BOHEA. TEAS REFINED SUGARS, COFFEE, and SPICES, &c. Of the firft Quality—by Retail, No. 17, Third-Street, between Chefnut and Ma.'kei-Streau, or 70 pr. cent. or 37 do. 33 do » 63J do. 37 d °- 42 de. f Doubtjul.)
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