»* THE OBSERVER. No. XX. When the political pot boils the (cum rises to the top. TO THE FREEMEN OF CONNECTICUT Gentlemen, A and unbiaflcd Elector is a mod digni. nified character. Ihe trust reposed in you by God and the Conftitution,of felecftingthe moll tic perrons to compose the national and state legi llatures, if faithfully discharged, will preserve liberty to you, and be the defence of your chil dren against the attempts of wicked men. The molt solemn situation in which a freeman can llhtid, is when he gives his fuffrage for the ruler of his country; and tranfa<!tion» of this kind ought never to be dilated either by levity or party fpi- Tit. If men, destitute of moral principles and wisdom, are elected, the destructive meafuresmay be theirs, but remember it is you who give them the power ; and the greater lin will lie at youi door, tor turnifhing them with the opportunity. The electors ot this state have always proved themselveS to be lionelt and enlightened men.— You have generally preferred your belt and mofl able citizens, and under a firm reliance on you protection, they have advocated such public mea lures, as are mod directly for your interelfc; and have given to themselves and to their conlticu ents, a dignity in the eyes of the whole union.— It is already remarked by the moil sagacious ii othei States, that it Connecticut continues fucl> inen in the National Legillature, aslhehas alrei dy furnifhed, she will in a manner hold the bal ance of power between the opposing interests i the Union, and continue to herfelf that influence which the virtue and indultry of her citizen* merit ; but if at any time she fuffers herfelf to be duped by deligning candidates ; if she prefe Tnfrn ofartifice and t he splendor of words, to thof. whose political wifdoni and experience have be?' proved ; if.lie forgets the merits of those, wliof mercantile abilities are able to comprehend th *- interests of foreign nations, and of the diffei en states ; if she should be so far ins ituated, as to ele vate men, whole practice infulis all the facre. and purelaws of morality, from that moment she must fink in the Union—her importance will b< nieafured by her nar row limits, and her influence ■will fink into perpetual forgetfulnefs. The motto I have chosen molt decidedly applie to the present moment. The political bot is boil ing, and calls up much scum The election o y our federal representatives draws near,and thoft lelt-feeking and ambitious men, who wish forthi places of your present members, are by their in ilruments, filling all the public prints with flan der; they are casting every poflible reflection on Congress—on the members of this state—on the measures of the last feflion, and on the official departments.— 1 hey would fain make you believe that Congress .have been together fix months, merely to carry away their wages, and done 110 public bufinefs-they have made use of fly delu fion and low bufFoonry— and they endeavor to a larm all yotir feelings by an insinuation that your liberties and properties are endangered. That jealous headed men, lhould do this occasionally is not furpriiing—and their spleen and confe quencc is diflipated with their blasts ; but when we fee such attempts perpetuated in the face of reason and flubborn fa<fts, it proves a desperate design to succeed at all events in railing them selves. If there be any one state in the Union, particularly benefited by the measures of the last feflion, Connecticut is the state. It is true the feflion was long, and produced divifiou of opin ion, and fometiines heat in difcuflion ; but the measures which caused this protraction, were such, that the Connecticut members ought to have con tended for them through the whole, instead of half the year, if they could not have been effect ed sooner. We are told Congress have done nothing. Is the funding fyftein nothing ? Is the aflumption of the state debts, and the provi sion of ways and nieans nothing{? Is the arrange ment of a national system of national revenue and its application nothing ? Is it nothing to bring together and harmonize a thousand oppo fiig interests, through adiflridt of country, 1200 miles in length,and half that in breadth > Is it nothing to arrange a plan for the fettlemenc of accounts between the States amounting to more than one hundred millions > The two felfions of Congress which we have seen, had to execute greater duties than were ever done on earth by one set of actors; to lay anew all the foundations of a great nation. Could this be done in a hur ry—or may we suppose the representatives from any part ot the Union would fuller themselves to be driven, in things so interesting to their confti tuents ? These subjects required much discus sion—light was to be collected from the condition —from the advantages—and from the particular preflures subsisting in every part of the empire. Honest and great men had different opinions 011 all these momentous fubjecfts ; it was the cafe in Congress, and more so in the country—and had Congress proceeded with precipitation it would have con v u lied the empire, and their own heads would have been forfeited for rashness. Still w e are told Congress have done nothing. It is now eighteen months lince their power commenced— they have been in felfion ten months—and in that space have done more than the old Congress did in seven years, when in conlVant felfion, antece dent to the prefenc government.—We are told that Congress lit but four liouts in a day. It is granted—but the greater part of the fame mem bers spend from four to eight hours in private committees, in arranging and preparing bulinefs tor the house—this is the molt expeditious me thod which can be devised, and is a slavery more than proportionate to the gratitude of their co lumniators. The business of compensation is again brought up. I fliall fay nothing new, but refer you to the second numberofthis paper, in which it was Jhewn, that the present compensation, is less than the average wages given by the assemblies of the Hates under the old government; the fef iion was then constant—and is now but part of the time—and the members were then more nil merous—fo that the expertces of government are now greatly lellened. I have 110 mind to trace out and repeat to you til the insinuations which have been made, for I consider the whole a dirty business, and the work fa party—ami* have the confidence that he Electors in Connecticut, will notat this junc ture, give up toinfult, those gentlemen, who have in f> decided a manner supported the interests of the state. Had they >done otherwise than they hive done, you mult have condemned them had ley been the means of curtailing the session, tnd left undone the great objeifis of your interest", hey would have deserved rejection for their un faithfulnefs. 1 am neither the inftrunient, nor the depen lent ot any ol the present members, but a friend o all of them, and to all men in the (late, whose noral principle and practice is confident with he public gooa. Doulnlef; other men are as good and as capa ble as those now in office ; but it is notfuch who nake the pi efeut commotion. lam always an nemy to change in government, without some irgent reason : It is injnltice to those who serve vou, mod of whom have quitted lucrative employ inents, and other honorary profpefts to serve you m this way, depending on your protecftion, when ikehoneltmen they had done their duty—it will >e injustice to yourselves, for it is noc possible hat new men should meet the artifice of your -nemies with filch success as those who have learn ed their ways by experience. i o the great body of fubllantial Freemen, who are incapable of beingaftuated by a party spirit I address myfelf Be steady, and vou will be safe. BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. PROCLAMATION. .. Sit hath, at this time, become peculiarly necefTarv of the Tr°ad«m^ C,t .'u" SOs ' h n Un ' tcd Sta '" a « ainll a ™ lal ™ eighth dav ot kj L V™ theKeowee, on thetwenty fivc and on (h -tl j™' ,houfan d seven hundred and eighty seven hundred and and tenth days of January, one thousand Cherokee rh fl el g h l/- f " ( . between the United States and the enforet anS ! J"" Chlc kafaw nation, of Ind.ans ; and to w" h Indi'an": h'" "" t0 trade and hereunto annexed - ul C ,° P 'r S ° f Whid ' trcati " and •« we do hv rhrf c therefore thought fit to require, and I - - GIVEN under my hand, and the Seal of the United States in the city of New-York, the twenty-sixth day of Au-uft' •n the year of our LORD one thousand seven hundred and ninety, and tn the fifteenth year of the fov«, and independence of the United States. Y (S ' GNED ' ) G. WASHINGTON By The President, (Sicned.) THOMAS JEFFERSON. A *™ L f of" TREATY concluded at Hopewell S-ST'""'' i J sim-rica, oj tbe cnt part and Yockonahoma, great Medal ChiefofSoonacoha lZ*° OPO ' e - eadi "g Chief ° F BugtoSoo' Tobocoh ° P0 ' e ' »^T g Chief of Hafkfoqua' pi ft g^ at Medal Chief ° f Congal too roo/heniaftubie, Goreet CantaJn c„., ' andl thirteen Anal] Medal Chiefs of th/fiS Claft, twelve Medal and Goreet Captains rica, on the following condiu , ns • "of Ame " T , ' ARTICLE I. (hall rX™,\ «S^i£eTT 598 jefls of their allies, to their entire liberty !(,„ , rh° na "° n ' u Tl j y l>,all also all be the other property taken during the late war, from -h! ' a " d ail such person, and at such time and place as the P" Uens ' the United States of America (hall appoint if !" 10ner > of Choflaw nation. j 'f any there be in the ™ „ article ir. The Comm.ffioners Plenipotentiary of all the ri,„n K led l e t ' le,r ' b,s -d 'owns na "> a ' and the lands with.,, the boundary allotted to the ft J. live and hunt on, as mentioned in the ihird ar.irl lndla ns, to the protection of the United Stales of America I°, bt un <l" fovcreign whosoever. ' of no other , article nr. The boundary of the lands, hereby allotted to the C\ A tior. to live and hunt on, within the limits of the Tlni, jo w na ' Amenca, is, and lhall be the following Vlz u„ ■ Jn,tc d States of on the thi.ty-firft degree of north latitude, wh< J , ?oint dary of the Natches diftiift shall touch the Ur- l'" Ml ' along the said thirty-full degree of north latit, nip h»' c,irk ern boundary of the United States of Ameriri "s[hefouth. ill ike the eastern boundary of the lands on which the"!J the said nation did live and hunt on the twenty ninth r",,' 3 "® o£ ber, one thousand seven hundred and ci t hi,.t„„ ■ o,t| - were und r the protection of the King of Great Rr'. " C tlw y northerly along the said eaflcrn boundary until ft (V?i, P : ,hcnc = northern boundary of the fa,d lands ; thence wefterlv T' the northern boundary until it ihall meet the » r |l, ? 8 'he thereof ; thence southerly along the fame to the be R inni n ,i and reserving for the eftablilhment of tradine pod, , S ' i"" 1 * pa.cels of lands, of f,x mtles Square each, "? ? u h ' ' or United States in Congreli Ihall think proper ■ which thc ' lands annexed to tliem, ihall be to thc use, and uninW " "* tiicnt of ihc United States of America. ® anm - ARTICLE IV. If any citizen of the United States, or sther person not V.- Indian, (hall attempt to fettle on any of the lands hertHv n*'? td the Indians to live and hunt on, such person (hall forfeit th!" te£lion of the United States of America, and the Indians m ifh him or not as they pleale. a y pun- ARTICLE V. 1 If any Indian or Indians, or persons tefidttc imAi»tk. ' who (hall take refuge in their nation, (hall commit. " r murder, or other capital crime, on any citiztn of die UoiJdsL* v such nff'7 ° f P T , UndeT th " r P r< **°»> *be *-ft? such offenders may belong,or the nation, (hall be bondtoddl ver him or lhem up to be punilhcd according to the j the United States in Congref. atfembled ; provided ihSf ' ment (hall not be greater than if the robbery or murder JtMhiJ capital crime, hao been committed by a citizen on acitizeu. < ARTICLE VI. ■ If any citizen of the United States of Alfcerica, or Mr<« ».J. their protection, (hall commit a robbery Or murder, or other carv ital crime, on any Indian, such offender or offenders IMlbtsiml i(hed mthe fame manner asif the robbery or murder, or odwtahl ital crime, had been committed on a citizen of the UnitedSuE °f ; ,n<l 'he punilhment (hall be in prefenceof fan, P „f the Choftaws, if any will attend at the time and Sid tkal 'f . y u m . ay ?r n °PP orU ; nit y foto do, due notice, iF wafticable of the time of such intended punishment (hall be font -I of the tribes. 080 ARTICLE VII. It i. understood that the punilhment of the innocent,unit,lb. idea of retaliation, is unjust, and (hall not be praaifed on eitker tide, except where there is a manileft violation ofthiitiMc ■!*» then it (hall be preceded, firft by a demand of jultice, toiif'refu led, then by a declaration of hostilities. " , _ ARTICLE VIII. For the benefit and comfort of the Indians, and forthe preven- £ n n„!Tc C! . or °PP;emon. on the part of the citizen, or Indians, the United State, in Congress assembled, (hall have the sole and Int r/ri M S h ' of rf S u ' atl "3 'he trade with the Indians, and manag ing all their affairs in such manner as they think proper ~ ARTICLE IX. Until thepleaTure of Congress be known, refpefting the eighth article, all traders, citizens of the United States of America,(hall have liberty to go to any of the tribes or towns, of the Choftawv to trade with them, and they (hall be protected in their perfoni and property, and kindly treated. ■J article X. The Indiana (hall give notice to the citizens of the United Mates of Amenta, of any designs which they may know or fufpcft to be formed in any neighhoring tribe, or by any person whom ever, against the peace, trade or interefl of the United Staei of America. , ARTICLE XI. Jt ChCt ? a ." bcforcver buried, and the peace flvtn by the I c tC$ America, and friendfhip re-eftabliined betweeu e aic . talcs on the one part, and all the Choctaw nation on the cr P ar j ali be universal; and the contracting parties (hall ufc e " lm ? rL cn^ea vors to maintain the pcace given as aforefaid, and friendihip re-established. . IN u W t ! 1 of all, and every thing herein determined, be tween the United States of America and all the Choctaws, We, their underwritten Commtffioners, by virtue of our full powers, hereum^affixd^ 6^1 "'^ 6 rCat y> ave cau ' our Seals to be DONE at Hopewell, on the Keowee, this third Day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand feveuhun dred and eighty fix. ( SICNID ) BENJAMIN HAWKINS, ANDREW PICKENS, JOSEPH MARTI.V. °^ l<e " a ' lon,a i Yockehoopoie, Mingohoopoir, Tobocoh, roolhemaftuby, Poofhahooma, Tfucoonoohoopoie, Shin ncmafluby, Yoopakooma, Stoonokoohoopoie, Tehakuh bay, Poofhcmaftuby, Tufkkahooraoch, Tu/hkahoomoch, i ooltcnochha, Tootehooma, Toobenohoomoch, Oftiecoo poohoomoch, Stonakoohoopoie, Tulhkoheegohta, Te/hu henochloch, Poo (bona hi a, Okanconnooba, Autoonachuba, angekoolock, Steabee, Tenttehenna, Tulhkementabock, luntallay, Cfhnaangchabba, Cunnopoie. 1 WILLIAM BLOUNT, 4 I JOHN WOODS, Witness) SAMUEL TAYI.OR, I ROBERT ANDERSON. J BENJAMIN LAWRENCE. John Pitchlynn. ) r James Cole, t Interpreters. EXTRACTS. POMP and splendor seem to be the faftionable recommendations of the times ; whereas virtue and integrity ought to be the criterion of merit. 1 hefe things have introduced a pernicious emu lation in dress, which pervades all ranks of peo- they influence the views and wilhes of multitudes ; and have excited many to squander away their estates on gewgaws and trinkets :— Bankruptcy is invariably the consequence offuch folly in all countries. An injury unanswered, in course grows weary of icfelt, and dies away in a voluntary remorse. -a
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